TWI567404B - Damage detection device for support structure of armature shaft - Google Patents

Description

Damage detecting device for support structure of armature shaft

The present invention relates to a damage detecting device for detecting damage of a support structure such as a support that rotatably supports an armature shaft.

As disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei. No. 2006-189371, in the train, the armature shaft of the electric motor and the axle of the drive axle that is rotated by the power received from the electric motor through the armature shaft are mounted at a speed. The motor acts as a means of detecting the speed of the vehicle.

This is to detect whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the power transmission system from the electric motor to the wheel by comparing the output of the speed generators while detecting the train speed.

However, the electric motor is usually fixed to the bogie, and since the drive axle is fixed to the bogie through a spring or the like, even if the armature shaft is displaced with respect to the axle of the drive axle, the armature shaft and the axle of the drive axle are capable of absorbing it. The displacement is made while being connected to each other using a WN coupling or the like.

Therefore, even if the support such as the roller that rotatably supports the armature shaft is worn or damaged, the armature shaft is tilted, and the power can be normally transmitted from the armature shaft to the axle of the drive axle, even for each speed. The output of the generator is compared and there is no difference, so the tilt of the armature shaft is not easy to find.

However, if the wear or damage of the support is still slight, it cannot be found. When the train is running, there will be damage to the motor.
Accordingly, it is desirable in an aspect of the present invention to provide a damage detecting device that detects damage or wear of a support structure such as a support for rotatably supporting an armature shaft of a motor, and detects using a speed generator.

A damage detecting device according to a first aspect of the present invention is a damage detecting device for detecting damage of a support member that rotatably supports an armature shaft of a motor, and includes a first speed generator and a second speed generator.
The first speed generator includes a first inductor, and is mounted on the armature shaft, and has a disk shape with equal pitch irregularities along a circumference coaxial with the central axis; at least one pair of first pole pieces is configured to Bonding one end thereof to either end of the first permanent magnet, and the other end facing the concavity and convexity of the first inductor; and the first coil detecting a change in the magnetic flux passing through the first pole piece to generate a corresponding The output voltage of the detected waveform.
The second speed generator includes a second inductor, and is mounted on an axle that transmits the driving axle of the power from the motor through the armature shaft, and is a circle that forms an equidistant pitch along a circumference coaxial with the central axis. a disk shape; at least one pair of second pole pieces configured to have one end joined to either end of the second permanent magnet, the other end facing the concavity and convexity of the second inductor; and the second coil is detected The magnetic flux of the second pole piece changes to produce an output voltage corresponding to the waveform detected thereby.
The damage detecting device further includes a first waveform shaping unit that forms an output voltage of the first coil and forms a first rectangular wave based on a preset first threshold value; the second waveform shaping unit is configured to Generating an output voltage of the second coil, forming a second rectangular wave with a preset second threshold value; and determining a portion comparing the second rectangular wave with the first rectangular wave, and the second When the rectangular wave has been output, and the first rectangular wave is not output, it is judged that the support has been damaged or worn.

When the inclination or the wear of the support supporting the armature shaft causes the inclination of the armature shaft to increase, the distance between the convex portion of the first inductance constituting the first speed generator and the first pole piece becomes farther, The output voltage output by the first coil also becomes small.

On the other hand, even if the armature shaft is tilted, the magnitude of the output voltage outputted by the second coil constituting the second speed generator will not change as long as there is no abnormality in the power transmission system.
Therefore, if the first rectangular wave and the second rectangular wave corresponding to the output voltages are compared, when the armature axis is tilted due to damage or wear of the support, the second rectangular wave is output, and the second A rectangular wave is not output.

That is, the damage detecting device of the present invention determines whether or not the support member rotatably supporting the armature shaft is damaged or worn by determining whether or not the first rectangular wave is not output even if the second rectangular wave has been output.

Therefore, by using the damage detecting device of the present invention, the first speed generator of the armature shaft and the second speed generator of the axle that drives the axle can be used to reliably detect the support of the armature shaft that rotatably supports the motor. Damage or wear of the support structure.

In addition, in the power transmission system, it is also possible to provide a displacement absorbing type transmission unit that can transmit power while absorbing a displacement between an armature shaft such as a WN coupling and a rotating shaft of a drive axle, or a reducer. A gear type transmission unit of a plurality of gears, and the like.

The first inductance system may be attached to the axially opposite ends of the armature shaft, and may be opposite to the end on the side that transmits power to the axle that drives the axle.
The second inductor is mounted at either end of the axle of the drive axle.

The unevenness of the first inductance and the second inductance may be formed at the edge of the disk.
The first threshold and the second threshold may be the same threshold or a different threshold, but the first threshold may also be set as the distance between the convex portion of the first inductor and the first pole piece due to the support The damage is the size that is verified by experiments or the like when it is worn and changes.

Next, a damage detecting device according to a second aspect of the present invention is a damage detecting device for detecting damage of a support member that rotatably supports an armature shaft of a motor, and includes a speed generator.
The speed generator includes an inductor mounted on the armature shaft, and has a disk shape with equal pitch and irregularities along a circumference coaxial with the central axis; at least one pair of first pole pieces is configured to have one end thereof Engaging at either pole of the first permanent magnet, the other end is opposite to the concavity and convexity of the inductor; the first coil detects a change in magnetic flux passing through the first pole piece to generate an output voltage corresponding to the waveform detected thereby At least one pair of second pole pieces configured to have one end joined to either end of the second permanent magnet, the other end facing the concavity and convexity of the inductor; and the second coil detecting through the second magnetic pole The magnetic flux of the patch changes to produce an output voltage corresponding to the waveform being detected.
Further, the damage detecting device further includes a first waveform shaping unit that forms an output voltage of the first coil and forms a first rectangular wave based on a preset first threshold value; the second waveform shaping unit The output voltage of the second coil is generated, and a second rectangular wave is formed on the basis of a preset second threshold value; and the determining unit compares the second rectangular wave with the first rectangular wave when the When the second rectangular wave has been output, and the first rectangular wave is not output, it is judged that the support has been damaged or worn.

As shown in the present invention, by providing the second pole piece and the second coil in the speed generator corresponding to the first speed generator in the first aspect of the invention, it is possible to detect that the motor is rotatably supported Damage or wear of the support structure of the armature shaft or the like. For example, when the armature shaft is inclined in the vertical direction, if the first pole piece and the first coil are disposed above the inductor and the second pole piece and the second coil are disposed on the right side of the inductor, The distance between one pole piece is pulled apart, but the distance from the second pole piece is less likely to be pulled away as far as the first pole piece. As a result, although the output voltage of the first coil becomes smaller, the output voltage of the second coil hardly changes. Therefore, according to the present invention, similarly to the damage detecting device according to the first aspect of the present invention, damage or wear of the supporting structure such as the support for rotatably supporting the armature shaft of the motor can be reliably detected.

Next, in the third aspect of the present invention, the determining unit may compare the second rectangular wave with the first rectangular wave, and when the second rectangular wave has been output, and the period in which the first rectangular wave is not output continues for a predetermined period That is, the support is damaged or worn. Since the armature shaft is tilted by vibration, it is possible to distinguish whether or not the inclination is generated by vibration.

Next, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the determining unit may compare the speed calculated by the first rectangular wave and the second rectangular wave, and when the speed difference is greater than or equal to the predetermined speed difference, the determining device has Cause damage or wear.

Second, as in the fifth aspect of the invention, the first threshold may be a higher value than the second threshold. As a result, when the first threshold value is increased, when the support structure such as the support member is damaged or worn, the rectangular wave cannot be immediately outputted by the first waveform shaping portion, and the determination portion can be judged sensitively.

Next, a damage detecting device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is a damage detecting device for detecting damage of a support member that rotatably supports an armature shaft of a motor, and includes a speed generator.
The speed generator includes an inductor, and is mounted on an armature shaft of the motor, and has a disk shape having a pitch irregularity along a circumference coaxial with the central axis; at least one pair of pole pieces are configured to have one end thereof Engaged at either pole of the permanent magnet, the other end is opposed to the concavity and convexity of the inductor; and the coil detects a change in the magnetic flux passing through the pole piece to generate an output voltage corresponding to the waveform detected.
Further, the damage detecting device further includes a recording unit that records the output voltage of the coil in chronological order; and a determining unit that determines that the support has been damaged or when the output voltage recorded in the recording portion is below a predetermined threshold Wear.

In this way, by checking the output voltage from the first coil recorded in chronological order, the process of gradually causing damage or wear of the support member can be checked, and further, by confirming whether the output voltage is below the first threshold value, The support can be immediately confirmed to be damaged.

Further, according to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the damage detecting apparatus of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the speed detecting unit is provided to detect the speed of the train that receives the power from the motor, and the recording unit is When the speed detected by the speed detecting unit is equal to or higher than a certain speed, the output voltage is recorded.

Further, according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, in the damage detecting apparatus of the seventh aspect of the invention, the output voltage and the speed detected by the speed detecting portion can be simultaneously recorded.

1. . . Trolley

2. . . electric motor

3. . . Drive axle

4. . . Reducer

5. . . First speed generator

6. . . Second speed generator

7. . . WN coupling

9. . . BPG

10. . . Bogie

11. . . spring

12. . . axle box

20. . . Armature shaft

twenty one. . . Coil

twenty two. . . Jack joint

twenty three. . . Roller bearing

30. . . Axle

31. . . wheel

40. . . gear

41. . . big gear

50. . . inductance

51. . . Coil

52. . . core

60. . . inductance

61. . . Coil

90. . . First filter

91. . . First waveform shaping section

92. . . First speed calculation department

93. . . Second filter

94. . . Second waveform shaping unit

95. . . Second speed calculation department

96. . . Speed comparison department

97. . . Display output

100. . . Speed generator

110. . . inductance

111. . . Bump

120. . . Power generation department

121. . . permanent magnet

122. . . core

123. . . Coil

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a bogie of the first embodiment.
2A to 2B are schematic views for explaining the basic configuration of the speed generator.
Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the output voltage from the speed generator and the vehicle speed.
4A to 4B are schematic views of a support structure regarding an armature shaft.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of the BPG of the first embodiment (normal).
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the BPG of the first embodiment (when damaged).
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the trolley of the second embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view for explaining the basic configuration of the speed generator.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram of the BPG of the second embodiment (normal).
Fig. 10 is a block diagram of the BPG of the second embodiment (when damaged).
Figure 11 is a block diagram of a BPG of the third embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
[Trolley]
The trolley 1 of the present embodiment can be a trolley for a driving wheel of a Shinkansen vehicle and other trains.

This truck 1 includes a motor 2, a drive axle 3, a speed reducer 4, a first speed generator 5, a second speed generator 6, and a WN coupling 7.
The electric motor 2 can be fixed to the bogie 10 of the bogie 1, and the generated power can be output by axially rotating the armature shaft 20.

The drive axle 3 includes an axle 30 and a pair of wheels 31 mounted near both end portions of the axle 30. In the bogie 10, the axle box 12 is fixed by a spring 11, and the drive axle 3 is rotatably supported by the axle box 12 by the axle, and is fixed to be displaceable relative to the bogie 10. As a result, when the train is subjected to vibration or the vehicle body is tilted due to a turn or the like, since the armature shaft 20 is displaced relative to the axle 30 of the drive axle 3, the axle 30 can be connected to the axle through the WN coupling 7 Pivot 20.

The speed reducer 4 has a pinion gear 40 and a large gear 41. These gear wheels 40‚41 are engageable with each other in the case 43, and each of them is axially rotatable. The large gear 41 is fixed to the axle 30 for rotation on the same rotating shaft as the axle 30, and the pinion 40 is transmitted through the WN coupling for rotation on the same rotating shaft as the armature shaft 20 of the motor 2. The device 7 is coupled to the armature shaft 20.

The first speed generator 5 can be fixed to the motor 2, and has an inductor 50 formed in a disk shape, or a coil 51 that generates an induced electromotive force by the rotation of the inductor 50.

Wherein, the inductor 50 can be fixed in the end portions of the axial ends of the armature shaft 20, and the end portion on the side of the WN coupling 7 is not connected, and on the same axis as the armature shaft 20, and the armature shaft 20 Rotate together.

The second speed generator 6 can be fixed to the axle box 12, and has an inductor 60 formed in a disk shape, or a coil 61 that can output an induced electromotive force generated by the rotation of the inductor 60.

Here, the inductor 60 may be fixed to an end portion of the axial end of the axle 30 of the drive axle 3, and one of the ends is rotated together with the axle 30 on the same axis as the axle 30.

[speed generator]
Next, the basic structure and operation of the speed generator in which the first speed generator 5 and the second speed generator 6 are exemplified in the above will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the speed generator 100 has an inductance 110 and a power generation unit 120.
The inductor 110 can be formed in a disk shape, and the unevenness 111 can be formed at an equal pitch on the edge of the disk (in FIG. 2A, only the portion opposite to the power generating portion 120 is shown, and only a part of the unevenness 111 is shown) .

The power generation unit 120 has a permanent magnet 121, a pair of cores 122, and a pair of coils 123.
Further, each of the cores 122 may extend in an L shape from the respective poles of the permanent magnet 121 toward the edge of the disk of the inductor 110, and the coil 123 may be wound around each of the cores 122.

The speed generator 100 thus constructed can form a magnetic flux from the other core 122 to the other pole of the permanent magnet 121 from one of the permanent magnets 121 through one of the cores 122 and the inductor 110 connected to the pole side. Loop.

Further, in the speed generator 100, when the inductor 110 rotates, the distance between the end portion opposite to the inductance 110 of each core 122 and the edge portion of the inductor 110 is caused by the unevenness 111 provided at the edge portion of the inductor 110. Make a difference.

Therefore, when the inductor 110 rotates, the magnetic flux passing through each of the cores 122 will change, and an induced electromotive force will be generated at both ends of the coil 123 due to the change of the magnetic flux. If the induced electromotive force is detected, the inductor 110 can be detected. The speed of the rotating body.

In the present embodiment, the inductance 50 of the first speed generator 5 and the inductance 60 of the second speed generator 6 correspond to the inductance 110 of the speed generator 100, and the coil 51 and the second speed of the first speed generator 5 The coil 61 of the generator 6 corresponds to the coil 123 of the speed generator 100 described above.

Further, although not shown in the first drawing, the first speed generator 5 and the second speed generator 6 also have a configuration corresponding to the permanent magnet 121 and the core 122 as described with respect to the speed generator 100. .

In addition, the core 122 may be provided with at least one pair. Further, as the core 122 shown in FIG. 2B, the portion opposed to the inductor 110 may be divided into two branches. Further, a core may be further disposed on the outer side of each of the cores 122.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, the coil 123 may be provided in a portion 122a in which the core is divided into two branches, and even if it is divided into two branches, the entire circumference of the core 122 may be wound.

Further, when one or more cores 122 are provided, the coils 51 may be provided in the respective cores 122.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the speed generator 100 of the present embodiment does not change the distance between the core 122 and the inductor 110, and when the speed is greater than or equal to the speed value a, the magnetic flux is saturated and the output from the coil 123 is output. The voltage is almost constant.

The detection of damage or wear of the ball bearing and the roller bearing to be described later can be performed when the output voltage from the coil 123 is kept substantially constant.
Further, the first threshold value and the second threshold value which will be described later are distances when the distance between the core 122 and the inductance 110 is initially set, and can be set based on the voltage value when the output voltage of the coil 123 is kept substantially constant.

[Support structure of armature shaft]
Next, the support structure of the armature shaft of the motor 2 will be described using FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the electric motor 2 of the present embodiment has an armature shaft 20 and a state in which it is disposed coaxially with the armature shaft 20, and is formed into a cylindrical coil 21.
Further, the motor 2 has a casing (not shown) that houses the entire coil 21 and is fixed to the bogie 10. In this casing, a plurality of ball bearings 22 and a plurality of roller bearings 23 rotatably supporting the armature shaft 20 may be disposed at equal intervals around the armature shaft 20.

Wherein, the ball bearing 22 can be disposed between the coil 21 and the inductance 50 of the first speed generator 5 to support the armature shaft 20, and the roller bearing 23 can be disposed between the coil 21 and the WN coupling 7. To support the armature shaft 20.

Further, in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the core 52 of the first speed generator 5 is shown as being equivalent to the core 122 of the speed generator 100.

[BPG]
Next, the configuration of the speed detection of the BPG (brake mode generator) 9 provided in the train having the above-described trolley 1 will be described using the block diagram of FIG.

This BPG 9 corresponds to an example of the damage detecting device of the present invention.
In addition, FIG. 5 schematically shows the output from the coil 51, the first filter unit 90, the first waveform shaping unit 91, the coil 61, the second filter unit 93 and the second waveform shaping unit 94 which will be described later. Signal (S1 ~ S6).

The BPG 9 of the present embodiment may include a first filter unit 90, a first waveform shaping unit 91, a first speed calculation unit 92, a second filter unit 93, a second waveform shaping unit 94, a second speed calculation unit 95, and a speed comparison unit. 96 and display output unit 97.

The first filter unit 90 may be a filter for removing noise overlapping with the voltage signal (S1) generated in accordance with the induced electromotive force generated by the coil 51 of the first speed generator 5.
The first waveform shaping unit 91 can divide the voltage signal (S2) in which the noise is removed by the first filter unit 90 into a voltage component having a predetermined first threshold or more, and have a voltage component having the first threshold or less, and then perform shaping. Processing into a rectangular wave (S3).

The first threshold value can be experimentally used, and the distance between the convex portion of the unevenness (corresponding to the unevenness 111) provided on the circumference of the inductor 50 and the core 52 is damaged or worn by the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23, When the armature shaft 20 is inclined obliquely and separated by a predetermined distance or more, and then the distance can be determined, it is set in advance to a value corresponding to the voltage value of the induced electromotive force generated by the coil 21.

The first speed calculation unit 92 counts the number of rectangular waves per unit time output by the first waveform shaping unit 91 to execute a process of calculating the train speed from the operation state of the motor 2.
The second filter unit 93 may be a filter for removing noise overlapping with the voltage signal (S4) generated in accordance with the induced electromotive force generated by the coil 61 of the second speed generator 6.

The second waveform shaping unit 94 can divide the voltage signal (S5) in which the noise is removed by the second filter unit 93 into a voltage component having a predetermined second threshold or more, and have a voltage component having the second threshold or less, and then perform shaping. Processing into a rectangular wave (S6).

The second speed calculation unit 95 counts the number of rectangular waves per unit time output by the second waveform shaping unit 94 to execute a process of calculating the train speed from the rotation state of the drive wheel shaft 3.
The speed comparison unit 96 compares the train speeds calculated by the first speed calculation unit 92 and the second speed calculation unit 95 to determine the train speed.

The display output unit 97 performs a process of outputting the comparison result in the speed comparison unit 96 to a display screen (not shown) provided on a driver's cab or the like.
Additionally, the first threshold can be set to be higher than the second threshold.

[Detection of damage or wear of ball bearings and roller bearings]
Next, a method of detecting damage or abrasion of the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23 will be described using the first speed generator 5, the second speed generator 6, and the BPG 9.

When the ball bearing 22 or the roller bearing 23 is damaged or worn, as shown in Fig. 4B, the armature shaft 20 of the motor 2 is inclined, and the inductance 50 mounted at one end of the armature shaft 20 is far away. A power generation unit having a coil 51 or the like.

As described above, when the inductance 50 is away from the power generation portion, as shown in Fig. 6, the induced electromotive force generated at the coil 51 of the first speed generator 5 is compared with the induced electromotive force generated before the armature shaft 20 is tilted obliquely. It becomes smaller (S1'), and the first waveform shaping section 91 cannot output a rectangular wave (S2').

Then, since the speed difference is generated between the speeds calculated by the first speed calculation unit 92 and the second speed calculation unit 95, the speed comparison unit 96 can detect whether or not the armature shaft 20 is tilted by the speed difference.

In the present embodiment, for example, when the speed difference of 3 km/h or more continues for 5 seconds or more, the ball bearing 22 or the roller bearing 23 is judged to be worn or damaged, and the pivot 20 is tilted. The result of the determination can be transmitted to the display screen such as the driver's desk through the display output unit 97.

[Effects of the embodiment]
According to each configuration of the above embodiment, the following effects can be exhibited.

When the inclination of the armature shaft 20 is increased due to damage or wear of the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23 supporting the armature shaft 20, the convex portion of the inductance 50 constituting the first speed generator 5 and the first composition are formed. The distance between the cores of the speed generator 5 becomes longer, and the output voltage outputted by the coil 51 also becomes smaller.

On the other hand, even if the armature shaft 20 is inclined, the magnitude of the output voltage outputted from the coil 61 constituting the second speed generator 6 will not change as long as there is no abnormality in the power transmission system.
Therefore, when the first rectangular wave (output by the first waveform shaping unit 91) and the second rectangular wave (output by the second waveform shaping unit 94) corresponding to the output voltages are compared, when the ball bearing 22 is rolled When the armature shaft 20 is tilted due to damage or wear of the sub-bearing 23, a case where the second rectangular wave has been output and the first rectangular wave is not output will occur.

In other words, even if the second rectangular wave has been outputted, the BPG 9 of the present embodiment determines whether or not the first rectangular wave is not output by the speed comparing unit 96, and further determines whether the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23 are damaged or Wear.

Therefore, by using the BPG 9 of the present embodiment, the first speed generator 5 of the armature shaft 20 and the second speed generator 6 of the axle that drives the axle 3 can reliably detect the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23. Damage or wear.

Further, in the present embodiment, when the time until the constant speed difference is reached for 5 seconds or more, it is possible to determine that the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23 have been damaged or worn. Since the armature shaft 20 is inclined by vibration, this is to distinguish whether or not the inclination is generated by vibration. In addition, this duration is not limited to 5 seconds.

Further, the threshold value used in the first waveform shaping section 91 or the second waveform shaping section 94 may be the same threshold value, but in order to improve the detection accuracy, the threshold value used in the first waveform shaping section 91 is used in the second waveform shaping. The higher threshold of the portion 94 is preferred. As a result, when the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23 have been damaged or worn due to the increase in the threshold value, the rectangular wave will not be immediately output by the first waveform shaping portion 91, and the speed comparison portion 96 can be sensitively performed. Judge.

Further, in the above embodiment, although the speed difference is detected, the output results of the first speed calculation unit 92 and the second speed calculation unit 95 may be directly compared, and when the rectangular wave has been output from the second speed calculation unit 95, When the rectangular wave is not output from the second waveform shaping portion 94 for a certain period of time, it is judged that the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23 have been damaged or worn.

(Correspondence between the present invention and the configuration of the present embodiment)
The inductor 50 corresponds to an example of the first inductor in the present invention, the core 52 corresponds to an example of the first pole piece in the present invention, and the coil 51 corresponds to an example of the first coil in the present invention.
The inductance 60 corresponds to an example of the second inductance in the present invention, and the core of the power generation unit constituting the second speed generator 6 corresponding to the core 122 corresponds to an example of the second pole piece in the present invention, and the coil 61 is This corresponds to an example of the second coil in the present invention.

(Second embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the following description, only differences from the first embodiment will be described.
In the present embodiment, the bogie 1 does not have a configuration corresponding to the second speed generator 6 of the first embodiment, and this point is different from that of the first embodiment.
Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 7, the speed generator 5a corresponding to the first speed generator 5 of the first embodiment includes a first power generation unit having the coil 51a and a second power generation unit having a coil 51b. This point is different from the first embodiment.
Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 8, the coil 51b is disposed on the right side (the left side is also possible), but is easily described in Fig. 7, and is described below. Moreover, the coil 51b can also be disposed below in FIG.

When the basic structure of the speed generator 5a is described, as shown in Fig. 8, the speed generator 100 shown in the first embodiment has one inductor 110 and two power generating units 120a and 120b. In the eighth diagram, two power generating units 120a to 120b are provided above and below the inductor 110. Since the structure of the two power generation units 120a to 120b is the same as that of the power generation unit 120 described in the first embodiment, the structure corresponding to the second diagram is in the symbol of the corresponding structure in FIG. Indicate the a‚b symbol for representation.
The coil 51a and the coil 51b of the present embodiment correspond to the coil 123a and the coil 123b of the power generation unit 120a and the power generation unit 120b.
Further, the BPG 9 of the first embodiment compares the induced electromotive force generated by the coil 51 of the first speed generator 5 and the coil 61 of the second speed generator 6 (see FIGS. 5 and 6), but As shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the BPG 9 of the present embodiment compares the induced electromotive force generated by the coil 51a and the coil 51b of the speed generator 5a to detect damage of the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23. Or wear, this point is different from the first embodiment.

According to the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 9, as long as the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23 are not damaged or worn, the output results are the same regardless of the threshold value.
However, when any of the power generation units can detect damage or wear to the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23, as shown in Fig. 10, the output from the power generation unit from one of them will become changed. It is impossible to output a rectangular wave. As a specific example, when the armature shaft 20 is inclined downward, the distance between the core around which the upper coil 51a is wound and the inductance 110 becomes far, but the distance from the core of the coil 51b wound around the left side does not change. In the case of Fig. 10, the phenomenon as shown in Fig. 10 will occur. Therefore, similarly to the first embodiment, even if it is configured as in the present embodiment, the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23 can be damaged or worn.

Further, in the present embodiment, the output from one of the power generating units is shaped by the first waveform shaping unit 91 based on the first threshold value, and the output from the other power generating unit is second. The waveform shaping unit 94 performs shaping based on the second threshold value, so that these shaped rectangular waves can be compared for detection.

(Correspondence between the present invention and the configuration of the present embodiment)
The coil 51a corresponds to an example of the first coil in the present invention, and the core around which the coil 51a is wound (corresponding to 122a in Fig. 8) corresponds to an example of the first pole piece in the present invention.
The coil 51b corresponds to an example of the second coil in the present invention, and the core around which the coil 51b is wound (corresponding to 122b in Fig. 8) corresponds to an example of the second pole piece in the present invention.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the following description, only differences from the first embodiment will be described.

The present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the configuration of the BPG 9.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, the BPG 9 of the present embodiment may have an AD shaping unit 391 instead of the first waveform shaping unit 91 of the first embodiment, and a recording unit 392 instead of the first embodiment. The first speed calculation unit 92 of the form; and the speed calculation unit 395 further includes a second speed calculation unit 95 of the first embodiment. Further, the BPG 9 of the present embodiment further includes a determination unit 396 instead of the speed comparison unit 96 of the first embodiment.
The AD shaping unit 391 performs AD shaping on the signal input from the first filter unit 90, and outputs the signal to the recording unit 392. The speed calculation unit 395 detects the vehicle speed based on the signal input from the second waveform shaping unit 94, and outputs the detection result to the recording unit 392.
The recording unit 392 is a device that records the temporal relationship between the output voltage of the coil 51 and the vehicle speed calculated by the speed calculation unit 395.
In the present embodiment, the recording unit 392 performs a process of storing a voltage output when the vehicle speed calculated by the speed calculation unit 395 reaches a constant speed or higher, and establishing a temporal correlation and storing the voltage. For example, when the speed value a or more as shown in FIG. 3 is reached, the processing of storing these is performed.
The determination unit 396 determines that the support such as the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23 has been damaged or worn when the output voltage of the coil 51 recorded in the recording unit 392 is lower than the first threshold.

In this way, by checking the output voltage from the coil 51 recorded in chronological order, it is possible to inspect the process of gradually causing damage or wear to the support such as the ball bearing 22 and the roller bearing 23, and to confirm whether the output voltage is passed or not. Below the threshold, you can immediately confirm that the support has been damaged.

The result of the determination can be indicated by a warning or the like on the driver's seat or the like by the display output unit 397 or the like.

In addition, the detection of the speed may be performed by using a separately provided vehicle speed detecting device, or may be detected by any method.

(Correspondence between the present invention and the configuration of the present embodiment)
Here, the correspondence of terms is explained as follows.
The inductor 50 corresponds to an example of the inductor in the present invention, the core 52 corresponds to an example of a pole piece, and the coil 51 corresponds to an example of a coil.
The speed calculation unit 395 corresponds to the speed detection unit in the present invention.

However, the present invention is only required to be consistent with the gist of the invention described in the claims, and is not limited to the above embodiments.

9. . . BPG

51, 61. . . Coil

90. . . First filter

91. . . First waveform shaping section

92. . . First speed calculation department

93. . . Second filter

94. . . Second waveform shaping section

95. . . Second speed calculation department

96. . . Speed comparison department

97. . . Display output

Claims (1)

A damage detecting device for detecting damage of a support member capable of rotatably supporting an armature shaft of a motor, comprising: a first speed generator; and a second speed generator, wherein :
The first speed generator system comprises:
a first inductor is mounted on the armature shaft and has a disk shape with equal pitch and irregularities along a circumference coaxial with the central axis;
At least one pair of first pole pieces configured to join one end thereof to one end of a first permanent magnet, the other end to the concavity and convexity of the first inductor; and a first coil for detecting the passage The magnetic flux of the first pole piece is varied to generate an output voltage corresponding to the waveform detected thereby;
The second speed generator system comprises:
a second inductor is a disk that is mounted on a drive axle that transmits power from the motor through the armature shaft, and has a disk shape that forms a pitch irregularity along a circumference coaxial with the central axis;
At least one pair of second pole pieces configured to join one end thereof to one end of a second permanent magnet, the other end to the concavity and convexity of the second inductor; and a second coil for detecting the passage The magnetic flux of the second pole piece is varied to generate an output voltage corresponding to the waveform detected thereby;
The damage detecting device further comprises:
a first waveform shaping unit is configured to form a first rectangular wave based on a preset first threshold value of the output voltage generated in the first coil;
a second waveform shaping unit that forms a second rectangular wave based on a preset second threshold value of the output voltage of the second coil; and a determining unit that compares the second rectangular wave with the The first rectangular wave, when the second rectangular wave has been output, but the first rectangular wave is not output, it is judged that the support has been damaged or worn.
2. A damage detecting device for detecting damage of a support member capable of rotatably supporting an armature shaft of a motor, comprising: a speed generator, wherein:
The speed generator system comprises:
An inductor is mounted on the armature shaft and has a disk shape with equal pitch and irregularities along a circumference coaxial with the central axis;
At least one pair of first pole pieces are configured to join one end thereof to one end of a first permanent magnet and the other end to face the concavity and convexity of the inductor;
a first coil detects a change in magnetic flux passing through the first pole piece to generate an output voltage corresponding to the waveform detected thereby;
At least one pair of second pole pieces configured to have one end joined to either end of a second permanent magnet, the other end facing the concavity and convexity of the inductor; and a second coil detecting through the second The magnetic flux of the pole piece is varied to produce an output voltage corresponding to the waveform detected thereby;
The damage detecting device further comprises:
a first waveform shaping unit is configured to form a first rectangular wave based on a preset first threshold value of the output voltage generated in the first coil;
a second waveform shaping unit that forms a second rectangular wave based on a preset second threshold value of the output voltage of the second coil; and a determining unit that compares the second rectangular wave with the The first rectangular wave, when the second rectangular wave has been output, but the first rectangular wave is not output, it is judged that the support has been damaged or worn.
3. The damage detecting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the determining unit compares the second rectangular wave with the first rectangular wave, and when the second rectangular wave has been output, the first When the period in which a rectangular wave is not output continues for a predetermined period of time, it is judged that the support has been damaged or worn.
4. The damage detecting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the determining unit compares the speed calculated by the first rectangular wave and the second rectangular wave, and the speed difference is at a predetermined time When the speed difference is greater than or equal, it is judged that the support has been damaged or worn.
5. The damage detecting device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first threshold is a value higher than the second threshold.
6. A damage detecting device for detecting damage of a support member capable of rotatably supporting an armature shaft of a motor, comprising: a speed generator, wherein:
The speed generator system comprises:
An inductor is mounted on the armature shaft and has a disk shape with equal pitch and irregularities along a circumference coaxial with the central axis;
At least one pair of pole pieces configured to join one end thereof to one end of a permanent magnet, the other end to the concavity and convexity of the inductor; and a coil for detecting a change in magnetic flux passing through the pole piece to generate An output voltage corresponding to the waveform detected here;
The damage detecting device further comprises:
A recording unit records the output voltage of the coil in chronological order; and a determining unit that judges that the support has been damaged or worn when the output voltage recorded in the recording unit is below a predetermined threshold.
7. The damage detecting device according to claim 6 of the patent application, comprising:
A speed detecting unit detects a train speed that is received by receiving power from the motor, and
The recording unit records the output voltage when the speed detected by the speed detecting unit is equal to or higher than a constant speed.
8. The damage detecting device according to claim 7, wherein the recording unit simultaneously records the output voltage and the speed detected by the speed detecting unit.