TWI550905B - 發光二極體晶粒及其製造方法、發光二極體車燈 - Google Patents
發光二極體晶粒及其製造方法、發光二極體車燈 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/20—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular shape, e.g. curved or truncated substrate
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
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- H01L33/0093—Wafer bonding; Removal of the growth substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/36—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes
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Description
本發明係涉及一種發光二極體晶粒、具有該發光二極體晶粒的車燈及該發光二極體晶粒的製造方法。
發光二極體(LED)係一種可將電流轉換成特定波長範圍的光的半導體元件,憑藉其發光效率高、體積小、重量輕、環保等優點,已被廣泛地應用到當前的各個領域當中。
利用LED作為發光體的車燈結構一般包括一LED光源、反射罩體、遮光部及投射透鏡。LED光源的出射光線沿角度分佈,且位於不同角度對應出射光線的強度不同,導致LED光源無法直接搭配投射透鏡使用,故設置一反射罩體,LED光源發射光線至反射罩體,光線經反射後彙聚經遮光部調整為一預設光型,進而藉由投射透鏡修正散發至外界。反射罩體的設置增加了車燈結構的體積,也提高了車燈結構的製造成本。故,需進一步改進。
有鑒於此,有必要提供一種無反射罩體的LED車燈及其製造方法。
一種LED晶粒,具有光出射面,所述光出射面中部形成凹面。
一種LED車燈,包括光源及投射透鏡,所述光源與投射透鏡相互間隔,所述光源包括一LED晶粒,所述LED晶粒包括一光出射面,所述LED晶粒的光出射面朝向所述投射透鏡,所述光出射面中部形成凹面。
一種LED晶粒的製造方法,所述LED晶粒包括一光出射面,該製造方法包括:利用鐳射激發所述光出射面並在光出射面上形成凹面。
與習知技術相比,所述LED車燈及其LED晶粒中,其光出射面上形成凹面,使得光線集中自該凹面出射,無需設置反射罩體即可轉換光型,從而有利於減小產品的體積,降低成本。
100‧‧‧LED車燈
10‧‧‧光源
20‧‧‧遮光部
30‧‧‧投射透鏡
11‧‧‧LED晶粒
12‧‧‧導電基板
13‧‧‧反射層
14‧‧‧P型層
15‧‧‧活性層
16,16a‧‧‧N型層
17‧‧‧焊墊
18,18a‧‧‧光出射面
19‧‧‧凹面
12a‧‧‧臨時基板
31‧‧‧第一表面
32‧‧‧第二表面
40‧‧‧光罩
圖1為本發明一實施例中LED車燈的剖面示意圖。
圖2為圖1所示LED車燈中LED晶粒的剖面示意圖,所述LED晶粒包括一光出射面。
圖3為圖2所示LED車燈中配合雷射脈衝對出光面進行激發的光罩的結構示意圖。
圖4為圖2所示LED晶粒的形成步驟示意圖。
如圖1所示為本發明LED車燈100的一個較佳實施例,該LED車燈100包括一光源10、遮光部20及投射透鏡30。
具體的,請參閱圖2,所述光源10為一LED封裝體,其包括一LED晶粒11及覆蓋該LED晶粒11的封裝結構(圖未示)。該LED晶粒11包括一導電基板12,依次位於導電基板12上的反射層13、P型層
14、活性層15、N型層16及焊墊17。
所述導電基板12為金屬基板或者半導體基板。金屬可以係鈦(Ti)、鋁(Al)、銀(Ag)、鎳(Ni)、鎢(W)、銅(Cu)、鈀(Pd)、鉻(Cr)和金(Au)中的任意之一者或其合金。所述反射層13的表面為一光滑的表面,可增強LED晶粒11的出光效率。所述P型層14優選為P型氮化鎵層。所述活性層15優選為多重量子阱(muti-quantum well)層,N型層16優選為N型氮化鎵層。該N型層16的表面外露形成一光出射面18,該光出射面18中部經鐳射激發形成凹面19。本實施例中,該凹面19為非球面的弧面結構。所述焊墊17設置在該光出射面18外緣且鄰接該凹面19。本實施例中,該焊墊17的數量為兩個且相互間隔設置。LED晶粒11發出的光線集中自該凹面19出射,進而自封裝結構的出光面(圖未示)射出,封裝結構增強該LED晶粒11的穩固性且不改變自該光出射面18出射的光線的角度及強度。
所述遮光部20設於光源10和投射透鏡30之間。所述遮光部20的形狀依照車頭燈法規規定光型而設計,該遮光部20作為明暗截止線將自光源10出射的光線調整為預設光型,進而傳至該投射透鏡30進行修正散發至外界。
所述投射透鏡30為一凸透鏡,其包括一第一表面31及與該第一表面31相對的第二表面32。該第一表面31與該LED晶粒的光出射面18相對,並與該遮光部20及光源10間隔一適當距離。所述第二表面為一球面。經遮光部20調整後的光線自第一表面31進入該投射透鏡30並經第二表面32散發至外界。可以理解的,該投射透鏡30可為一非球面透鏡。
工作時,所述導電基板12作為P電極與所述焊墊17分別位於活性層15兩側。當在導電基板12和焊墊17兩端施加正向電壓時,P型層14中的空穴和N型層16中的電子將在電場的作用下在活性層15中複合,能量以光線的形式釋放並自光出射面18射出。由於LED晶粒11的光出射面18中部經鐳射激發形成凹面19,使得光線集中自該凹面19出射,經遮光部20調整成預設光型,進而藉由投射透鏡30修正散發至外界。
下面將介紹所述LED車燈100中的LED晶粒11的製造方法,該製造方法包括以下步驟:請參閱圖4,提供一預成型的LED晶粒11,其包括臨時基板12a,形成於臨時基板12a表面的N型層16a,形成於N型層16a表面的活性層15,形成於活性層15表面的P型層14及形成於P型層14表面的反射層13。
所述臨時基板12a呈規則的平板狀,其可由藍寶石(sapphire)、碳化矽(SiC)、矽(Si)或氮化鎵(GaN)等材料製成,本實施例中優選為藍寶石。
所述N型層16a、活性層15及P型層14可藉由有機金屬化學氣相沉積法(Metal-Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition;MOCVD)、分子束磊晶法(Molecular Beam Epitaxy;MBE)或氫化物氣相磊晶法(Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy;HVPE)等方式依次生長於臨時基板12a的表面。本實施例中,N型層16a優選為N型氮化鎵層,活性層15優選為多重量子阱(muti-quantum well)層,P型層14優選為P型氮化鎵層。
在P型層14表面形成一反射層13。該反射層13藉由等離子體增強化學氣相沉積法(Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition;PECVD)蒸鍍而成。該反射層13表面為一光滑的平面,其可增強LED晶粒11的出光效率。
在該反射層13表面形成導電基板12,其可採取電鍍或者固晶製程形成。由於反射層13的表面光滑平坦,電鍍或固晶的製程效率大大提高,同時成本較低。所述導電基板12為金屬基板或者半導體基板。金屬可以係鈦(Ti)、鋁(Al)、銀(Ag)、鎳(Ni)、鎢(W)、銅(Cu)、鈀(Pd)、鉻(Cr)和金(Au)中的任意之一者或其合金。
倒置所述LED晶粒11,將臨時基板12a自LED晶粒11上分離。採用鐳射分離法或者化學分離法使該臨時基板12a脫落,此時原鄰接臨時基板12a的N型層16的表面外露,在該N型層16外露的表面外緣覆蓋設置焊墊17,所述N型層16外露的表面形成光出射面18a。
請同時參閱圖3,提供雷射脈衝(圖未示)搭配光罩40多次激發該出該光出射面18a,使該光出射面18a中部形成凹面19。具體的,所述鐳射光罩40呈方形,其底面蝕刻形成圖案結構,所述雷射脈衝穿射該光罩40的圖案結構射向該光出射面18a,雷射脈衝穿設光罩40的圖案結構配合LED晶粒11所在平臺(圖未示)的旋轉激發該光出射面18a,從而形成具有該凹面19的光出射面18。所述焊墊17鄰接該光出射面18的凹面19。本實施例中,該凹面19為非球面的弧面結構。該激發步驟採用準分子氪氟(KrF)進行激發,激發方式為脈衝激發,其能量較小,適用於精細加工。本發明藉由鐳射激發形成凹面19,相對於傳統的刻蝕通常形成的直角
或斜角,更容易形成圓弧形狀。可以理解的,在形成該LED晶粒11後,在LED晶粒11上覆蓋封裝結構(圖未示)形成所述光源10,封裝結構增強該LED晶粒11的穩固性且不改變自該光出射面18出射的光線的角度及強度。
與習知技術相比,本發明的LED晶粒11的光出射面18上形成凹面19,使得光線集中自該凹面19出射且均勻分佈,無需設置反射罩體即可轉換光型,從而有利於減小產品的體積,降低成本。另外,本發明的LED車燈100經進一步設置遮光部20,可將LED晶粒11出射的光線進一步調整成預設光型,進而藉由投射透鏡30修正散發至外界,使其更加符合車頭燈法規的相關規定,有利於提高產品的品質。
可以理解的,所述LED晶粒11可以單獨設置,也可利用多個進行排列。然後貼合至電路板(圖未示),進而固定在LED車燈100的相關支架結構上。
綜上所述,本發明符合發明專利要件,爰依法提出專利申請。惟,以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施例,舉凡熟悉本案技藝之人士,在爰依本發明精神所作之等效修飾或變化,皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利範圍內。
12‧‧‧導電基板
13‧‧‧反射層
14‧‧‧P型層
15‧‧‧活性層
16‧‧‧N型層
17‧‧‧焊墊
18‧‧‧光出射面
19‧‧‧凹面
Claims (2)
- 一種發光二極體車燈,包括光源及投射透鏡,所述光源與投射透鏡相互間隔,所述光源包括一發光二極體晶粒,其改良在於:所述發光二極體晶粒包括一導電基板,依次位於導電基板上的反射層、P型層、活性層、N型層及焊墊,所述N型層的表面為所述光出射面,該光出射面中部形成凹面,所述凹面呈非球面的弧面結構以匯集所述發光二極體晶粒發出的光線進而出射,所述焊墊設置在所述光出射面外緣且鄰接所述凹面,所述發光二極體晶粒的光出射面朝向所述投射透鏡。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的發光二極體車燈,其中,還包括位於光源與投射透鏡之間的遮光部,所述遮光部將發光二極體晶粒出射的光線進一步調整成預設光型。
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TW101149432A TWI550905B (zh) | 2012-12-24 | 2012-12-24 | 發光二極體晶粒及其製造方法、發光二極體車燈 |
US13/920,979 US20140177244A1 (en) | 2012-12-24 | 2013-06-18 | Led die, method for manufacturing the led die and automobile lamp having the led die |
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TW101149432A TWI550905B (zh) | 2012-12-24 | 2012-12-24 | 發光二極體晶粒及其製造方法、發光二極體車燈 |
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US10256376B1 (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2019-04-09 | Leedarson Lighting Co. Ltd. | LED device |
Citations (3)
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US20060154389A1 (en) * | 2005-01-11 | 2006-07-13 | Doan Trung T | Light emitting diode with conducting metal substrate |
TW200711900A (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-04-01 | Chungchou Inst Of Technology | The projector headlamp without using shield (Ⅱ) |
US20110297953A1 (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-08 | Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Light emitting diode and method for manufacturing the same |
-
2012
- 2012-12-24 TW TW101149432A patent/TWI550905B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060154389A1 (en) * | 2005-01-11 | 2006-07-13 | Doan Trung T | Light emitting diode with conducting metal substrate |
TW200711900A (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-04-01 | Chungchou Inst Of Technology | The projector headlamp without using shield (Ⅱ) |
US20110297953A1 (en) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-08 | Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. | Light emitting diode and method for manufacturing the same |
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US20140177244A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
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