TWI540604B - 密封濕電解電容器、可植入式裝置、可植入式心臟去纖顫器、以及製造電容器的方法 - Google Patents
密封濕電解電容器、可植入式裝置、可植入式心臟去纖顫器、以及製造電容器的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
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Description
本申請案根據2009年4月16日申請的美國臨時申請案序號61/169,764主張其權益,此處以引用方式將該美國申請案併入。
本發明係關於電容器,更具體而言是關於適用於諸如可植入式心臟去纖顫器的醫療應用之電容器。
電容器係用於廣泛的電子應用範圍中。某些應用需要能快速充電至預定電壓之電容器,而且其一旦被充電了,必須能傳送足夠之脈波能量。這種應用之一個例子是在可植入式裝置中。於該應用中,重要的是:電容器須為輕薄短小且具高可靠性。
因此,所需者為適用於諸如可植入式心臟去纖顫器的應用之電容器,其中必須以輕薄短小的尺寸來提供可靠度與效能。
因此,本發明之主要目的、特點及優點是在於改善目前所存在之技術。
本發明另外之目的、特點及優點是在於提供一種電容器,其適用於可植入式裝置。
本發明又另外之目的、特點及優點是在於提供一種電容器,其能快速充電至預定電壓,而且其一旦被充電了,亦必須能傳送足夠之脈波能量,藉以當用於可植入式心臟去纖顫器(ICD)中時可恢復病患心臟之正常功能。
本發明之另一個目的、特點及優點是在於提供一種電容器,其有效率地架構且成形,以裝進ICD內可用之有限容積。
本發明之又另一個目的、特點及優點是在於提供一種電容器,其具有高效能及高可靠度。
由以下之說明書內容及申請專利範圍,可清楚地明瞭本發明之這些及/或其它目的、特點及優點其中之一或更多。
根據本發明之一個態樣,提供了一種密封濕電解電容器。該電容器具有密封外殼,其包封陰極、陽極、該陽極與陰極之間之電絕緣體、以及電解液。第一終端係電連接於陽極,第二終端係電連接於陰極。該密封濕電解電容器能提供相當於至少百分之80之儲存能量的脈波傳送。
根據本發明之另一個態樣,該電容器的陰極包含具有合金層之金屬基板,該合金層係由以電化學方式沉積於其上之貴金屬及貴金屬/基礎金屬電極元件層形成,而且該電解液具有10和60mS/cm之間的導電率。
根據本發明之另一個態樣,提供了一種製造電容器之方法。該方法包含密封含有電解液之外殼,該電解液具有10和60mS/cm之間的導電率。該方法進一步包含將第一終端電連接至陽極,該陽極係與陰極絕緣。該方法進一步包含將第二終端電連接至陰極。該陰極係由具有合金層之金屬基板所形成,該合金層係由以電化學方式沉積於其上之貴金屬及貴金屬/基礎金屬電極元件層形成。
現在關於特殊實施例來說明本發明。本說明內容僅用於解釋及舉例之目的,熟悉本項技術人士將會瞭解本發明思及其它選擇、替代方案或變化。
圖1說明本發明的電容器10之一個實施例。雖然圖中係以半圓形表示電容器10,但電容器10並不須是這種形狀。這種特殊形狀僅為實例。密封濕電解電容器10係表示於圖1中。電容器10具有密封外殼12。電容器10具有陰極18及陽極16。陽極16的一個實例設計可包含鈉減少之電容器級鉭粉末,其係被加壓成生材密度為5.0克/cc與7.0克/cc間,然後於1450℃與1650℃間真空燒結。可改變粉末、壓力及燒結條件,以達成所需電容。陽極應形成於能維持需求氧化物厚度所需之電壓的電解液中。
絕緣體14(較佳為,但不限於,包含一層或更多層之聚合材料)位於陽極16及陰極18之間,藉以使陽極16電絕緣於陰極18。電解液22設置於密封外殼12中並圍繞著陰極18及陽極16兩者。電解液22最好包括含有DI水、有機及無機酸以及有機溶劑的膠體。電解液22之組成成份可以各種不同濃度混合,以提供較佳範圍為10mS/cm與60mS/cm之間之導電率。這種電解液22之一個實例可為:
65-80%DI水
0.2-0.6%磷酸
15-30%乙二醇
3-6%草酸
2-4%硼酸
陰極18係由具有合金層24之金屬基板20所形成,該合金層24係以藉電化學方式沉積於合金表面上之貴金屬及貴金屬/基礎金屬電極元件層26而從金屬鹽之溶液所形成。陰極18的一個實例設計可為電沉積於Ti-Pd合金上之Pd及Cu之混合物。為了增加陰極18附著於合金基板之附著度,Pd-Cu之初始平滑薄膜可被電沉積成為黏著層。然後可將粗製的大表面積層沉積於該黏著層之頂部,以完成高電容陰極18。
陰極18之金屬基板20可為閥金屬所形成。這種閥金屬的實例包括鉭、鈮、鉿、釩、鋯、鈦或任何其合金。金屬基板20可有任何數目之形狀或組構,包含平面或圓柱形狀。金屬基板20可為任何適合形狀的襯裏,且可代表密封外殼12之一部份。陰極18的這種結構造成了高陰極電容,其有助於有效率地將儲存於電容器10中之能量傳遞至負載。
圖式所示之第一終端30係延伸經過隔件32。第一終端30電連接至陽極16。第二終端36電連接至陰極18。
圖2表示可植入式心臟去纖顫器(ICD)裝置40之一個實施例。裝置40包括圖1之電容器10(具有第一終端30及第二終端36)以及控制電路42,控制電路42係電耦合至電容器10、偵測器43及電池44。電容器10係配置用以在第一終端30及第二終端36之間提供所儲存能量之至少80%(但最好大於87%)的脈波傳送。偵測器43監視病患的狀況並提供此病患資料給該控制電路42。控制電路42於偵測到異常或危急狀況時監視來自偵測器之資訊(其可被界定為已經超過一個或更多個預定臨界值之一個或更多個預定參數)。
舉例而言,偵測器43可偵測病患心臟中之電氣活動,並把此資料傳給控制電路42。控制電路42監視此電氣活動,如果該電氣活動下降到特定電氣位準以下或如果電氣活動變成不規則(如當發生心律不整時),則開始傳送電擊。
可使用電池44對電容器10充電並供電給ICD裝置。可一直維持對電容器10充電(以抵抗電荷洩漏的影響),使電容器10隨時可放電;可周期性地對電容器10充電(亦即,以預定時間間隔充電,以維持電容器10之充電位準在預定臨界值之上);或可依需求對電容器10充電,使當一旦偵測到異常發生時,可立即使用電池44對電容器10充電。
於ICD裝置40之應用中,當ICD裝置40之控制電路42偵測到病患有異常或危急狀況時,電容器10便會執行將電擊治療傳送至該病患之心臟內的功能。電容器10使電容器能提供快速充電到預定電壓,然後傳送一個或更多個具有足夠能量之脈波,以恢復病患心臟之正常功能。
圖1所示之電容器10本質上為有效率且非常輕薄短小,使電容器10之結構及形狀可裝配於ICD裝置40內之有限容積內。較佳地,電容器10之大小為1.5至3.0CC,且包含如圖1所示之半月形形狀,雖然本發明不限於這種組構。電容器10能符合任何尺寸及形狀,藉以能裝配被植入的人所需之特殊組構。
為了支援ICD裝置40之應用,於需要時,電容器10能供應至少9J(但較佳為12J)之能量。實際所傳送之能量大小係由控制電路42決定。
已經說明了一種密封濕電解電容器。本發明不限於此處所表示或說明之特定實施例,因為如熟悉本技術人士所瞭解者為:本發明電容器之尺寸及形狀可變化、所使用之材料可變化、並可有其他之變化、替代方案及選項。
10...電容器
12...密封外殼
14...絕緣體
16...陽極
18...陰極
20...金屬基板
22...電解液
24...合金層
26...電極元件層
30...第一終端
32...隔件
36...第二終端
40...可植入式心臟去纖顫器(ICD)裝置
42...控制電路
43...偵測器
44...電池
圖1說明密封濕電解電容器之一個實施例。
圖2說明置放於可植入式心臟去纖顫器中之圖1之電容器。
10...電容器
12...密封外殼
14...絕緣體
16...陽極
18...陰極
20...金屬基板
22...電解液
24...合金層
26...電極元件層
30...第一終端
32...隔件
36...第二終端
Claims (23)
- 一種電容器,包含:陰極,其包含金屬基板、合金層、被沉積在該合金層上的黏著層及大表面積層,其中該合金層包含Ti-Pd合金及被電化學沉積的電極元件層,該黏著層包含被電沉積的平滑薄膜,該平滑薄膜包含被電沉積於該合金層上之Pd-Cu的混合物,且該大表面積層包含在該黏著層的頂部上的粗糙的大表面積材料;第一終端,其被電性連接至該陰極;陽極;第二終端,其被電性連接至該陽極;密封外殼,其容納該陽極、該陰極、以及圍繞該陽極與該陰極的電解液;其中該電容器被調適為經由該第一終端與該第二終端將該電容器所儲存的能量放電。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之電容器,其中該電解液具有10與60mS/cm之間的導電率。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之電容器,其中該電解液包含水、無機酸、有機酸及有機溶劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之電容器,其中該陽極係以被加壓成生材密度為5.0克/cc與7.0克/cc之間的鈉減量電容器級鉭粉末來形成,然後於1450℃與1650℃之間真空燒結。
- 一種可植入式裝置,包含申請專利範圍第1項所 述之電容器。
- 一種可植入式心臟去纖顫器,包含申請專利範圍第1項所述之電容器。
- 一種製造電容器的方法,包含:將第一終端電性連接至陽極;將第二終端電性連接至陰極,該陰極係以具有合金層的金屬基板來形成,其中該合金層係由Ti-Pd合金層以及藉由將平滑薄膜電沉積成為黏著層而被電化學沉積於該合金層上之電極元件層來形成,然後將粗糙的大表面積層沉積於該黏著層的頂部上,以達成高電容,其中該黏著層包含Pd-Cu的混合物;且將外殼密封,該外殼容納該陽極、該陰極、以及圍繞該陽極與該陰極的電解液。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之製造電容器的方法,另包含藉由混合水、無機酸、有機酸及有機溶劑來備製該電解液。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之製造電容器的方法,另包含將絕緣體定位在該陽極與該陰極之間,用以在該陽極與該陰極之間提供電性絕緣。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之製造電容器的方法,其中該電解液具有10與60mS/cm之間的導電率。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之製造電容器的方法,其中該陽極係以被加壓成生材密度為5.0克/cc與7.0克/cc之間的鈉減量電容器級鉭粉末來形成,然後於1450℃與 1650℃之間真空燒結。
- 一種電容器,包含:陰極,其包含金屬基板、合金層、被沉積在該合金層上的黏著層、及大表面積層,其中該合金層包含Ti-Pd合金及被電化學沉積的電極元件層,該黏著層包含被電沉積的平滑薄膜,該平滑薄膜包含被電沉積於該合金層上之Pd-Cu的混合物,且該大表面積層包含在該黏著層的頂部上的粗糙的大表面積材料;第一終端,其被電性連接至該陰極;陽極;第二終端,其被電性連接至該陽極;及絕緣體,其被定位在該陽極與該陰極之間,用以在該陽極與該陰極之間提供電性絕緣。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項之電容器,其中該電容器被調適成經由該第一終端與該第二終端將該電容器所儲存的能量放電。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項之電容器,其中該陽極係以被加壓成生材密度為5.0克/cc與7.0克/cc之間的鈉減量電容器級鉭粉末來形成,然後於1450℃與1650℃之間真空燒結。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項之電容器,另包含密封外殼,該密封外殼容納該陽極、該陰極、以及圍繞該陽極與該陰極的電解液。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項之電容器,其中該電解 液具有10與60mS/cm之間的導電率。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項之電容器,其中該電解液包含水、無機酸、有機酸及有機溶劑。
- 一種製造電容器的方法,包含:製造陰極,其係藉由:以Ti-Pd合金來形成金屬基板的合金層,藉由將平滑薄膜電沉積成為黏著層而將電極元件層電化學沉積在該合金層上,且將粗糙的大表面積層沉積於該黏著層的頂部上,以達成高電容,其中該黏著層包含被電沉積於該合金層上之Pd-Cu的混合物;將第一終端電性連接至該陰極;製造陽極;及將第二終端電性連接至該陽極。
- 如申請專利範圍第18項之製造電容器的方法,另包含將絕緣體定位在該陽極與該陰極之間,用以在該陽極與該陰極之間提供電性絕緣。
- 如申請專利範圍第18項之製造電容器的方法,其中該陽極係以被加壓成生材密度為5.0克/cc與7.0克/cc之間的鈉減量電容器級鉭粉末來形成,然後於1450℃與1650℃之間真空燒結。
- 如申請專利範圍第18項之製造電容器的方法,另包含以密封外殼來容納該陽極、該陰極、以及圍繞該陽極與該陰極的電解液。
- 如申請專利範圍第21項之製造電容器的方法,其中該電解液具有10與60mS/cm之間的導電率。
- 如申請專利範圍第21項之製造電容器的方法,其中該電解液包含水、無機酸、有機酸及有機溶劑。
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TW201108270A (en) | 2011-03-01 |
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IL215766A0 (en) | 2012-01-31 |
IL231343A0 (en) | 2014-04-30 |
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US20170194099A1 (en) | 2017-07-06 |
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US20100268292A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
US10522298B2 (en) | 2019-12-31 |
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