TWI526681B - 流體載裝或容納組件及檢查該組件之方法 - Google Patents

流體載裝或容納組件及檢查該組件之方法 Download PDF

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TWI526681B
TWI526681B TW100125416A TW100125416A TWI526681B TW I526681 B TWI526681 B TW I526681B TW 100125416 A TW100125416 A TW 100125416A TW 100125416 A TW100125416 A TW 100125416A TW I526681 B TWI526681 B TW I526681B
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protective layer
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load
bearing structure
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TW201219765A (en
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法蘭茲 史托莫
珍斯 薩爾法蘭克
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阿雷瓦股份有限公司
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
    • F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
    • F16L11/12—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting
    • F16L11/127—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting electrically conducting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L57/00—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear
    • F16L57/06—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear against wear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
    • F16L9/125—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement electrically conducting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/16—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means
    • G01M3/18—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/16—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means
    • G01M3/18—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
    • G01M3/186—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators for containers, e.g. radiators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G01N27/20—Investigating the presence of flaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices
    • B65D90/50—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices of leakage-indicating devices
    • B65D90/513—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices of leakage-indicating devices comprising electrically conductive layers in walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L2201/00—Special arrangements for pipe couplings
    • F16L2201/30—Detecting leaks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
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Description

流體載裝或容納組件及檢查該組件之方法
本發明係一種流體載裝或容納組件，尤其是工業設施之流體載裝管路系統的組件，特別是核能電廠之第三冷卻循環的管路系統的組件。此外，本發明還包括檢查該組件之方法。
工業設施(例如化學工業設施或核能電廠設施)之流體載裝管路系統的組件(例如核能電廠之第三冷卻循環的冷卻管路的組件)通常是由舖設在地下、且內外均塗有橡膠的鋼管或混凝土管構成。這種兩管子都會因侵蝕或腐蝕而磨損，因此老舊的核能電廠設施時必須經常更換鋼管或混凝管。尤其是以海水冷卻的核能電廠設施，只要鋼管的橡膠層受侵蝕或受損，鋼管就會有很大的腐蝕問題。基於這個原因，應以適當的組件取代管路系統中的鋼製組件或混凝土製組件，此類組件之承載構造是以玻璃纖維強化塑膠製成，例如一種由玻璃纖維及環氧樹脂(EP)構成的複合材料，而且此類組件的內部及外部還另外加上一個保護層或強化層。但是此類組件的缺點是其可檢查性不足，因為常用的檢查方法(例如渦流檢驗)均無法應用於此類組件，原因是這些檢查方法都只能對具導電性之材料進行檢查。超音波檢查方法雖然原則上可行，但對於複雜的複合物結構而言，在實務上是很難使用的。基於上述原因，目前對於玻璃纖維-塑膠複合物製的組件的檢查是採用目視檢查，此類組件包括管路系 統的組件及可載裝流體的容器，也就是將檢查用的操作器放到要檢查的組件內，以攝錄影機檢查其內表面。但是目視檢查是很困難的，因為組件在排空載裝物後內部通常很潮濕，而且經常會有沉積物、污泥及生物膜黏附在內壁上。因此目視檢查僅能發現管壁上的明顯變化。
本發明的目的是提出一種流體載裝或容納組件，該等組件係以玻璃纖維強化塑膠製成，而且能夠以簡單的方法被檢查出當前存在的損傷。此外，本發明的另外一個目的是提出一種檢查此類組件的方法。
採用具有申請專利範圍第1項之特徵的組件即可達到本發明的目的。根據這些特徵，組件的壁面具有玻璃纖維強化塑膠製的承載結構，且在其內表面及外表面上分別覆有一層電絕緣的內保護層及外保護層，其中在內保護層及承載結構之間有一帶有電線的導電內襯墊，在外保護層及承載結構之間有一帶有電線、並與內襯墊電絕緣的導電外襯墊。
本發明所稱的組件包括載裝流體之管路系統的管路及組件，以及可容納流體的固定式或可移動式容器。
透過這樣的設計，僅需測量內襯墊及外襯墊之間的電阻，即可用很簡單的方式找出承載結構內的洩漏，但前提是位於組件內的流體本身具有導電性，或是在測量時添加適當的化學物質，使流體具有導電性。
由於通常是以所謂的捲繞法製造承載結構，這種方法是將浸泡樹脂的玻璃纖維無捻粗紗以交叉狀捲繞在不 停旋轉的鋼芯上，為了簡化組件的製造過程，可以使用以導電織物製造的襯墊，因為這種襯墊和承載結構可以用同樣的捲繞或塗布技術製成。
採用具有申請專利範圍第3項之特徵的方法即可達到本發明的另一個目的。這種方法是測量外襯墊及內襯墊之間的電阻。以這種方式只需進行簡單的導通測試，即可找出承載結構內的缺陷，也就是在流體具有導電性的情況測量外襯墊及內襯墊之間的電阻。
以下配合圖式及實施例對本發明的內容做進一步的說明。其中：根據第1圖流體載裝管路系統之組件的壁面是由作為承載壁的承載結構2構成。由玻璃纖維強化複合材料製成的承載結構2是不導電的，且在其內表面及外表面上分別覆有一電絕緣的內保護層4及外保護層6。在內保護層4及承載結構2之間有一帶有電線8的導電內襯墊10，在外保護層6及承載結構2之間有一帶有電線12、並與內襯墊10被承載結構2電絕緣的導電外襯墊14。換句話說：在承載結構2的內表面及外表面上分別覆有一層導電的內襯墊10及外襯墊14，然後內保護層4及外保護層6再分別覆於其上。內保護層4及外保護層6的作用是保護組件免於來自內部及外部的損害。載裝含有磨損微粒(例如細沙)之冷卻劑的管路組件通常具有厚度約2mm之橡膠構成的內保護層4。
導電的內襯墊10及外襯墊14的電線8，12可以從 外部進入，例如設置於外保護層6的外表面上。
導電的內襯墊10、外襯墊14是由網子或織物製成，例如很細的篩網、不銹鋼織物、摻有金屬絲或碳纖維複合材料的玻璃纖維網或玻璃纖維織物。
利用測量裝置16測量內襯墊10及外襯墊14之間的電阻R。如果在承載結構及內保護層4內有洩漏，位於組件內部的流體就會滲入承載結構2，然後一直滲透到外襯墊14。如果位於組件內部的流體(通常是水)具有導電性，則承載結構2的電絕緣性就會相應的變差，因而使內襯墊10及外襯墊14之間的電阻R變小。在測量期間可以加入適當的添加物，使原本不導電的流體具有導電性。以這種方式可以簡單且可靠的監控組件是否有出現洩漏。
根據第2圖可以檢查由多個組件20a-e構成之管路系統，第2圖顯示多個彼此以法蘭22連接的管子，以及中間監控裝置30，中間監控裝置30可以測出各組件20a-e之導電襯墊之間的電阻。以這種方式不但可以自動測出管路系統內出現的洩漏，而且也可以找出是那一個組件發生洩漏。
2‧‧‧承載結構
4‧‧‧內保護層
6‧‧‧外保護層
8、12‧‧‧電線
10‧‧‧內襯墊
14‧‧‧外襯墊
16‧‧‧測量裝置
20a-e‧‧‧組件
22‧‧‧法蘭
20‧‧‧管路系統
30‧‧‧監控裝置
R‧‧‧電阻
第1圖：本發明之組件的壁面的一個斷面圖。
第2圖：由多個待檢查之組件共同構成之管路系統的檢查裝置的電路原理圖。

Claims (3)

  1. 一種流體載裝或容納組件(20a-e)，尤其是工業設施之流體載裝管路系統(26)的組件(20a-e)，特別是核能電廠之第三冷卻循環的管路系統的組件，組件之壁面具有由玻璃纖維強化塑膠製成的承載結構(2)，該承載結構在其內表面及外表面上分別覆有一層電絕緣的內保護層(4)及外保護層(6)，其中在內保護層(4)及承載結構(2)之間有一帶有電線(8)的導電內襯墊(10)，在外保護層(6)及承載結構(2)之間有一帶有電線(12)、並與內襯墊(10)電絕緣的導電外襯墊(14)。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項的流體載裝或容納組件，其中襯墊(10，14)是由導電織物製成。
  3. 一種用以檢查一流體載裝或容納組件的方法，該方法包含下列步驟：提供該流體載裝或容納組件，該組件之壁面具有由玻璃纖維強化塑膠製成的承載結構，該承載結構在其內表面及外表面上分別覆有一層電絕緣的內保護層及外保護層，其中在內保護層及承載結構之間有一帶有電線的導電內襯墊，在外保護層及承載結構之間有一帶有電線、並與內襯墊電絕緣的導電外襯墊；藉一中間監控裝置來測量外襯墊及內襯墊之間的電阻；及檢測該組件發生的洩漏。
TW100125416A 2010-07-21 2011-07-19 流體載裝或容納組件及檢查該組件之方法 TWI526681B (zh)

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DE102010031610A DE102010031610A1 (de) 2010-07-21 2010-07-21 Komponente zum Führen oder Aufnehmen eines Fluids und Verfahren zum Überprüfen der Komponente

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US9347590B2 (en) 2016-05-24
DE102010031610A1 (de) 2012-01-26
EP2596326A1 (de) 2013-05-29
EP2596326B1 (de) 2016-04-13
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CA2805351A1 (en) 2012-02-23
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