TWI516395B - Disengagement detection equipment and railway vehicles for railway vehicles - Google Patents
Disengagement detection equipment and railway vehicles for railway vehicles Download PDFInfo
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- TWI516395B TWI516395B TW102115344A TW102115344A TWI516395B TW I516395 B TWI516395 B TW I516395B TW 102115344 A TW102115344 A TW 102115344A TW 102115344 A TW102115344 A TW 102115344A TW I516395 B TWI516395 B TW I516395B
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- derailment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F9/00—Rail vehicles characterised by means for preventing derailing, e.g. by use of guide wheels
- B61F9/005—Rail vehicles characterised by means for preventing derailing, e.g. by use of guide wheels by use of non-mechanical means, e.g. acoustic or electromagnetic devices
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於鐵道車輛之脫軌偵測裝置及具備其之鐵道車輛者。 The present invention relates to a derailment detecting device for a railway vehicle and a railway vehicle provided therewith.
習知,作為鐵道車輛之脫軌偵測裝置,已知有例如使用具有如微型開關(micro switch)之作動片之脫軌檢測感測器,且於脫軌時,該作動片進行旋動而進行開啟(ON)作動,使警報器作動並發出警報者(例如參照專利文獻1)。 Conventionally, as a derailment detecting device for a railway vehicle, for example, a derailment detecting sensor having an actuator such as a micro switch is known, and when the rail is derailed, the actuator is rotated to be turned on ( ON) Actuator to activate the alarm and issue an alarm (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).
專利文獻1:日本特許第2695976號公報 Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 2695976
如專利文獻1記載之技術,在使用脫軌檢測感測器來檢測脫軌之構成中,因台車之振動等導致感測器易損壞。因此,成為相當堅固之特殊規格之感測器係有其必要,且價格高昂。 According to the technique described in Patent Document 1, in the configuration in which the derailment detecting sensor is used to detect the derailment, the sensor is easily damaged by the vibration of the trolley or the like. Therefore, it is necessary to be a very sturdy special specification sensor, and the price is high.
本發明之目的,在於提供一種無需使用如此般之特殊規格之感測器,而能夠以簡易之構成且價格便宜地偵測脫軌之鐵道車輛之脫軌偵測裝置及具備其之鐵道車輛。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a derailment detecting device for a railway vehicle capable of detecting derailment with a simple configuration and inexpensive, without using such a special sensor, and a railway vehicle having the same.
本發明之脫軌偵測裝置,係設於台車之前端部之脫軌偵測裝置,具備:可動構件,係藉由既定值以上之負載之作用而往既定方向進行移動;脫軌偵測構件,係在該台車之脫軌時,將藉由與軌道之接觸而接受 到之該既定值以上之負載往該可動構件傳遞,並使該可動構件往既定方向移動;以及脫軌偵測線,係用以偵測該台車之脫軌之導通電或光之脫軌偵測線,並構成為在該台車之脫軌時,藉由該可動構件之移動,使電導通狀態或光導通狀態被遮斷。 The derailment detecting device of the present invention is provided with a derailing detecting device at the front end of the trolley, and has a movable member that moves in a predetermined direction by a load of a predetermined value or more; the derailing detecting member is attached to When the trolley is derailed, it will be accepted by contact with the track. The load above the predetermined value is transmitted to the movable member, and the movable member is moved in a predetermined direction; and the derailment detecting line is used to detect the derailment of the trolley or the derailment detection line of the light. Further, when the trolley is derailed, the electric conduction state or the light conduction state is blocked by the movement of the movable member.
根據如此,能夠以可動構件、脫軌偵測構件及脫軌偵測線之所謂的簡單之構成,價格便宜地偵測脫軌。此外,可無需使用特殊規格之感測器等而偵測脫軌。 According to this, it is possible to inexpensively detect the derailment by the so-called simple configuration of the movable member, the derailment detecting member, and the derailment detecting line. In addition, derailment can be detected without using a special-sized sensor or the like.
此外,本發明之鐵道車輛,具備:上述之鐵道車輛之脫軌偵測裝置;脫軌偵測電路,係與該脫軌偵測裝置之該脫軌偵測線連接,並包含一旦該脫軌偵測線之電導通狀態或光導通狀態被遮斷則進行作動之繼電器(relay);以及煞車器,係與該繼電器之作動連動而進行作動。 In addition, the railway vehicle of the present invention comprises: the derailment detecting device of the railway vehicle; the derailment detecting circuit is connected to the derailment detecting line of the derailing detecting device, and includes the conductance of the derailing detecting line. A relay that is actuated when the through state or the light conducting state is interrupted, and a brake is actuated in conjunction with the action of the relay.
本發明能夠提供一種可無需使用特殊規格之感測器,而以簡單之構成且價格便宜地偵測脫軌之鐵道車輛之脫軌偵測裝置及具備其之鐵道車輛。 The present invention can provide a derailment detecting device for a railway vehicle that can detect a derailment with a simple configuration and inexpensively, without using a special-sized sensor, and a railway vehicle having the same.
1‧‧‧脫軌偵測裝置 1‧‧‧ Derailment detection device
11‧‧‧可動構件 11‧‧‧ movable components
11A‧‧‧本體部 11A‧‧‧ Body Department
11Aa‧‧‧貫通孔 11Aa‧‧‧through hole
11B‧‧‧安裝部 11B‧‧‧Installation Department
12‧‧‧偵測臂 12‧‧‧Detecting arm
14‧‧‧排障板 14‧‧‧Breakout board
21‧‧‧固定構件 21‧‧‧Fixed components
21a‧‧‧覆蓋體 21a‧‧‧ Coverage
24‧‧‧中空螺栓 24‧‧‧ hollow bolts
3‧‧‧脫軌偵測線 3‧‧‧ Derailment detection line
4‧‧‧鐵道車輛用台車 4‧‧‧Trolley for railway vehicles
40‧‧‧車輛 40‧‧‧ Vehicles
51‧‧‧脫軌偵測電路 51‧‧‧ Derailment detection circuit
53‧‧‧煞車器 53‧‧‧煞车器
54‧‧‧障礙物偵測電路 54‧‧‧ obstacle detection circuit
6‧‧‧障礙物偵測裝置 6‧‧‧ obstacle detection device
61‧‧‧可動構件(第2可動構件) 61‧‧‧ movable member (2nd movable member)
8‧‧‧障礙物偵測線 8‧‧‧ obstacle detection line
圖1,係設置有鐵道車輛之脫軌偵測裝置之鐵道車輛用台車之側視圖。 Fig. 1 is a side view of a railway vehicle trolley provided with a derailment detecting device for a railway vehicle.
圖2,係圖1之A部之放大圖。 Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of Figure 1.
圖3,係圖1之A部之前視圖。 Figure 3 is a front view of the portion A of Figure 1.
圖4,係圖1之A部之俯視圖。 Figure 4 is a plan view of a portion A of Figure 1.
圖5,係脫軌偵測裝置之立體圖。 Figure 5 is a perspective view of the derailment detecting device.
圖6,係在脫軌偵測線通過之位置之固定構件及可動構件之放大圖。 Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the fixing member and the movable member at a position where the derailment detecting line passes.
圖7(a)、(b),係分別表示脫軌時之狀態之脫軌偵測裝置之前視圖及側視圖。 7(a) and 7(b) are a front view and a side view, respectively, showing the derailment detecting device in the state at the time of derailment.
圖8,係關於鐵道車輛中之脫軌偵測裝置之部分之方塊圖。 Figure 8 is a block diagram of a portion of a derailment detecting device in a railway vehicle.
圖9(a)、(b),係分別設置有鐵道車輛之脫軌偵測裝置及障礙物偵測裝置之鐵道車輛用台車之一部分之前視圖及側視圖。 9(a) and 9(b) are front and side views, respectively, of a portion of a railway vehicle trolley provided with a derailment detecting device for a railway vehicle and an obstacle detecting device.
圖10,係脫軌偵測裝置及障礙物偵測裝置之一部分剖面俯視圖。 Figure 10 is a partial cross-sectional plan view of a derailment detecting device and an obstacle detecting device.
圖11,係關於鐵道車輛中之脫軌偵測裝置及障礙物偵測裝置之部分之方塊圖。 Figure 11 is a block diagram of a portion of a derailment detecting device and an obstacle detecting device in a railway vehicle.
以下,依照圖式說明實施形態。[1.脫軌偵測裝置之構成][1-1.整體構成之概略]圖1係設置有鐵道車輛之脫軌偵測裝置之鐵道車輛用台車之側視圖,圖2~4係分別為圖1之A部分之放大圖、前視圖及俯視圖,圖5係脫軌偵測裝置之立體圖。以下之說明中之方向之概念,係以鐵道車輛之進行方向為前方,與朝向前方時之方向之概念一致。亦即,車輛長邊方向對應前後方向,車寬方向對應左右方向。 Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings. [1. Configuration of Derailment Detection Device] [1-1. Outline of Overall Configuration] FIG. 1 is a side view of a railway vehicle trolley provided with a derailment detecting device for a railway vehicle, and FIGS. 2 to 4 are respectively FIG. A magnified view, a front view and a top view of the A portion, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the derailment detecting device. The concept of the direction in the following description is that the direction in which the railway vehicle travels is forward, which is consistent with the concept of the direction toward the front. That is, the longitudinal direction of the vehicle corresponds to the front-rear direction, and the vehicle width direction corresponds to the left-right direction.
在圖1~圖5中,用以偵測鐵道車輛之脫軌之脫軌偵測裝置1,設於鐵道車輛用台車4(以下,亦簡稱「台車」)之前端部(車輛進行方向之前側),且位於車輪40之前方。該脫軌偵測裝置1,具備固定構件21、可動構件11、作為脫軌偵測構件而發揮功能之偵測臂12、及脫軌偵測線3。 In FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, the derailment detecting device 1 for detecting the derailment of a railway vehicle is provided at the front end of the railway vehicle trolley 4 (hereinafter, also referred to as "trailer") (the front side of the vehicle traveling direction). It is located in front of the wheel 40. The off-track detecting device 1 includes a fixing member 21, a movable member 11, a detecting arm 12 functioning as a derailing detecting member, and a derailing detecting line 3.
如圖1~4所示,從台車4之台車架41之前面之車寬方向之兩端部垂下柱構件42,且在該柱構件42之下部設有於車寬方向內側延伸之樑構件43。在本實施形態,藉由該等之構件42、43構成台車4之前端部。 而且,脫軌偵測裝置1,安裝於從樑構件43之前端往前方突出之支持托架(bracket)44。 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the column member 42 is suspended from both end portions in the vehicle width direction of the front surface of the carriage 41 of the carriage 4, and a beam member extending inward in the vehicle width direction is provided at the lower portion of the column member 42. 43. In the present embodiment, the members 42 and 43 constitute the front end portion of the bogie 4. Further, the derailment detecting device 1 is attached to a support bracket 44 that protrudes forward from the front end of the beam member 43.
[1-2.固定構件21之構成]固定構件21,透過支持托架44而固定於樑構件43。具體而言,固定構件21,如圖5所示,具有以俯視觀察成為T字狀且藉由支持托架44與螺栓(bolt)緊固之基部、以及從該基部之大致中央往前方突出之於車寬方向扁平之板部。此外,在固定構件21,一體形成有從上方及前方覆蓋板部之與基部相同程度之寬度之覆蓋體21a。在固定構件21之板部之車寬方向內側之主面,於與可動構件11重合之區域設有台座部21b(參照圖6)。 [1-2. Configuration of Fixing Member 21] The fixing member 21 is fixed to the beam member 43 through the support bracket 44. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the fixing member 21 has a base portion that is T-shaped in plan view and fastened by a support bracket 44 and a bolt, and protrudes forward from a substantially center of the base portion. It is a flat plate in the direction of the width of the car. Further, in the fixing member 21, a cover 21a having a width equal to the base portion from the upper and the front cover plate portions is integrally formed. The main surface on the inner side in the vehicle width direction of the plate portion of the fixing member 21 is provided with a pedestal portion 21b (see FIG. 6) in a region overlapping the movable member 11.
[1-3.可動構件11之構成]如圖2及圖3所示,可動構件11,配置於鐵道車輛之在軌道行走時成為軌道R之上方之位置。具體而言,可動構件11,如圖5所示,具有本體部11A、及安裝部11B。 [1-3. Configuration of Movable Member 11] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the movable member 11 is disposed at a position above the rail R when the railway vehicle travels in orbit. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the movable member 11 has a main body portion 11A and a mounting portion 11B.
本體部11A,係與固定構件21之板部平行之於車輛長邊方向延伸之板狀。本體部11A,藉由於車寬方向延伸之安裝螺栓22、及與該安裝螺栓22螺合之螺帽,而與固定構件21之板部緊固。藉此,可動構件11成為可繞安裝螺栓22旋轉。亦即,安裝螺栓22作為旋轉軸而發揮功能。此外,可動構件11,藉由後述之中空螺栓24之幫助,而構成為藉由既定值以上之負載之作用而往既定方向B旋轉(移動)。 The main body portion 11A is formed in a plate shape extending parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, parallel to the plate portion of the fixing member 21. The main body portion 11A is fastened to the plate portion of the fixing member 21 by a mounting bolt 22 extending in the vehicle width direction and a nut screwed to the mounting bolt 22. Thereby, the movable member 11 is rotatable around the mounting bolt 22. That is, the mounting bolt 22 functions as a rotating shaft. Further, the movable member 11 is configured to be rotated (moved) in a predetermined direction B by the action of a load of a predetermined value or more, with the aid of a hollow bolt 24 to be described later.
在本體部11A,於從與固定構件21之板部重合之區域中之旋轉中心偏移之位置形成有貫通孔11Aa(參照圖6)。此外,亦於固定構件21之板部及台座部21b,於對應貫通孔11Aa之位置形成有貫通孔21c(參照圖6)。在該等之貫通孔11Aa、21c,如後述般,插通有脫軌偵測線3之一部分。 The main body portion 11A is formed with a through hole 11Aa at a position shifted from a center of rotation in a region overlapping the plate portion of the fixing member 21 (see FIG. 6). Further, a through hole 21c (see FIG. 6) is formed in the plate portion of the fixing member 21 and the pedestal portion 21b at a position corresponding to the through hole 11Aa. In the through holes 11Aa and 21c, one of the portions of the derailment detecting line 3 is inserted as will be described later.
安裝部11B,係以成為車輛外側之程度位於後方之方式相對於本體部11A傾斜之板狀。而且,安裝部11B之左右方向中央部連設於本體部11A之前端部。 The mounting portion 11B has a plate shape that is inclined with respect to the main body portion 11A so as to be located rearward of the vehicle. Further, the center portion of the mounting portion 11B in the left-right direction is connected to the front end portion of the main body portion 11A.
此外,在安裝部11B,以垂下之方式安裝有板狀之排障板14(例如埋設有補強布之橡膠板),且成為於鐵道車輛之行走時,可藉由該排障板14排除軌道R上之障礙物。 Further, in the mounting portion 11B, a plate-shaped barrier plate 14 (for example, a rubber plate in which a reinforcing cloth is embedded) is attached so as to be suspended, and when the railway vehicle is traveling, the track can be eliminated by the barrier plate 14. Obstacle on R.
[1-4.偵測臂12之構成]偵測臂12,例如係棒狀,且從可動構件11之本體部11A之側面往車輛內方側突出。另外,偵測臂12,亦可非往車輛內方側突出,而往車輛外方側突出。 [1-4. Configuration of Detection Arm 12] The detection arm 12 is, for example, in the form of a rod, and protrudes from the side of the main body portion 11A of the movable member 11 toward the inner side of the vehicle. In addition, the detecting arm 12 may protrude beyond the inner side of the vehicle and protrude toward the outer side of the vehicle.
偵測臂12之基端部,藉由熔接等而固定於本體部11A之側面。偵測臂12,於大致水平方向延伸至與軌道緊固裝置15之側緣附近相對應之位置。此外,偵測臂12,從上述之安裝螺栓22觀察為配置於斜後方。 The base end portion of the detecting arm 12 is fixed to the side surface of the main body portion 11A by welding or the like. The detecting arm 12 extends in a substantially horizontal direction to a position corresponding to the vicinity of the side edge of the rail fastening device 15. Further, the detecting arm 12 is disposed obliquely rearward as viewed from the mounting bolt 22 described above.
偵測臂12,於台車4之脫軌時,藉由與軌道R之接觸而接受到既定值以上之負載,且使該負載往可動構件11傳遞。藉此,與偵測臂12固定之可動構件11進行旋轉。 The detecting arm 12 receives a load of a predetermined value or more by contact with the rail R when the trolley 4 is derailed, and transmits the load to the movable member 11. Thereby, the movable member 11 fixed to the detecting arm 12 is rotated.
[1-5.脫軌偵側線3之構成]脫軌偵側線3,係導通電或光者,且於台車4之脫軌時,藉由可動構件11之旋轉,使電導通狀態或光導通狀態被遮斷。藉此,可偵測脫軌。具體而言,脫軌偵測線3,如圖8所示,與設於車體側之脫軌偵測電路51連接,一旦藉由脫軌偵測電路51偵測脫軌,其訊息將顯示於監視器裝置52。例如,脫軌偵測電路51,包含一旦脫軌偵側線3之電導通狀態或光導通狀態被遮斷時進行作動之繼電器。一旦繼電器進行作動,煞車器53與此連動而作為非常煞車器進行作動。 [1-5. Configuration of Derailment Detection Side Line 3] The derailment detection side line 3 is electrically connected or lighted, and when the trolley 4 is derailed, the electrical conduction state or the light conduction state is blocked by the rotation of the movable member 11. Broken. Thereby, the derailment can be detected. Specifically, the derailment detecting line 3 is connected to the off-track detecting circuit 51 provided on the vehicle body side as shown in FIG. 8. Once the derailing detecting circuit 51 detects the derailment, the message is displayed on the monitor device. 52. For example, the off-track detecting circuit 51 includes a relay that operates when the electrical conduction state or the light conduction state of the off-track detection line 3 is blocked. Once the relay is actuated, the brake 53 is actuated in conjunction with this as a very brake.
在本實施形態中,作為脫軌偵測線3,係使用導通電之電配線。然而,脫軌偵測線3,亦可係導通光之光纖。在該情形,脫軌偵側線3之兩端,透過將電轉換為光之光投射器及將光轉換為電之光接收器而與脫軌偵測電路51連接。在使用電配線作為脫軌偵側線3時,恐存在有對信號機器或電子機器賦予雜訊之情況,但若使用光纖,則可防止如此之雜訊之產生。 In the present embodiment, as the derailment detecting line 3, an electric wiring for conducting electricity is used. However, the derailment detecting line 3 can also be an optical fiber that conducts light. In this case, both ends of the derailment detecting line 3 are connected to the off-track detecting circuit 51 by converting the electric light into a light projector and converting the light into an electric light receiver. When the electric wiring is used as the off-track detection line 3, there is a fear that noise is applied to the signal device or the electronic device. However, if an optical fiber is used, such noise can be prevented.
脫軌偵測線3,以呈現於前端具有環箍之繩狀之方式,將去路及返路之大部分捆作成一線材30。線材30沿著柱構件42配設,且藉由脫軌偵測線3之中央部形成之環箍部,與固定構件21之板部於二處交叉。更詳細而言,脫軌偵測線3,以通過設於固定構件21之板部之上側位置之貫通孔、與由上述之可動構件11之貫通孔11Aa及固定構件21之貫通孔21c所構成之連續孔之方式貫通。 The derailment detecting line 3 is formed in a rope shape having a hoop at the front end, and the majority of the outgoing and returning paths are bundled into a wire 30. The wire 30 is disposed along the column member 42, and the hoop portion formed by the central portion of the derailment detecting line 3 intersects the plate portion of the fixing member 21 at two places. More specifically, the derailment detecting line 3 is formed by a through hole provided at a position above the plate portion of the fixing member 21, and a through hole 11Aa of the movable member 11 and a through hole 21c of the fixing member 21. Continuous hole penetration.
如圖6所示,在可動構件11之貫通孔11Aa與固定構件21之貫通孔21c,插入中空螺栓24之軸部。換言之,中空螺栓24,貫通可動構件11之本體部11A及固定構件21之台座部21b及板部。在中空螺栓24之軸部螺合螺母25,藉此緊固可動構件11與固定構件21之板部。而且,脫軌偵測線3,插通中空螺栓24。此外,從中空螺栓24露出之脫軌偵測線3以橡膠軟管26覆蓋。而且,脫軌偵測線3,在貫通孔11Aa、21c之出口部分,以熱收縮管27覆蓋。 As shown in Fig. 6, the shaft portion of the hollow bolt 24 is inserted into the through hole 11Aa of the movable member 11 and the through hole 21c of the fixing member 21. In other words, the hollow bolt 24 penetrates the main body portion 11A of the movable member 11 and the pedestal portion 21b and the plate portion of the fixing member 21. The nut 25 is screwed to the shaft portion of the hollow bolt 24, whereby the plate portion of the movable member 11 and the fixing member 21 is fastened. Further, the derailment detecting line 3 is inserted into the hollow bolt 24. Further, the derailment detecting line 3 exposed from the hollow bolt 24 is covered with a rubber hose 26. Further, the derailment detecting line 3 is covered by the heat shrinkable tube 27 at the exit portion of the through holes 11Aa and 21c.
藉此,在台車4之脫軌時,一旦通過與軌道R接觸之偵測臂12而對可動構件11作用既定值以上之負載,則可動構件11進行旋轉,而可動構件11之貫通孔11Aa相對於固定構件21之貫通孔21c偏移,從而 使中空螺栓24斷裂。也就是,中空螺栓24之強度,設定成藉由既定值以上之負載進行作用而使中空螺栓24斷裂。換言之,既定值係中空螺栓24之斷裂強度。 Thereby, when the trolley 4 is derailed, when the load of the movable member 11 is applied to the movable member 11 by the detecting arm 12 that is in contact with the rail R, the movable member 11 is rotated, and the through hole 11Aa of the movable member 11 is opposed to The through hole 21c of the fixing member 21 is offset, thereby The hollow bolt 24 is broken. That is, the strength of the hollow bolt 24 is set to be broken by a load of a predetermined value or more to break the hollow bolt 24. In other words, the predetermined value is the breaking strength of the hollow bolt 24.
[1-6.脫軌及障礙物偵測]在車輛之脫軌時,如圖7(a)、(b)所示,台車4之車輪40從軌道R上脫離,台車4包含車輪40往下方落下。藉此,往車輛側方突出之偵測臂12與軌道R之上面接觸,且通過偵測臂12對可動構件11作用既定值以上之負載。而且,可動構件11,相對於固定構件21往既定方向進行旋轉,藉此發揮作為刀具之功能,而將中空螺栓24及插通於內部之脫軌偵測線3切斷。一旦脫軌偵測線3被切斷,則電導通狀態被遮斷,而偵測出脫軌。 [1-6. Derailment and obstacle detection] When the vehicle is derailed, as shown in Figs. 7(a) and (b), the wheel 40 of the trolley 4 is detached from the rail R, and the trolley 4 includes the wheel 40 falling downward. . Thereby, the detecting arm 12 protruding to the side of the vehicle is in contact with the upper surface of the rail R, and the movable arm 11 is applied to the movable member 11 by a load of a predetermined value or more. Further, the movable member 11 rotates in a predetermined direction with respect to the fixed member 21, thereby functioning as a cutter, and the hollow bolt 24 and the derailment detecting line 3 inserted therein are cut. Once the derailment detecting line 3 is cut off, the electrical conduction state is blocked and the derailment is detected.
另外,使可動構件11移動之負載,例如係1噸左右之靜負載,但可藉由中空螺栓24之徑長或與旋轉中心之距離等做各種變更,只要係為可偵測脫軌之負載即可。 Further, the load for moving the movable member 11 is, for example, a static load of about 1 ton, but it can be variously changed by the diameter of the hollow bolt 24 or the distance from the center of rotation, and the like, as long as it is a load capable of detecting derailment. can.
脫軌偵測電路51雖作為偵測脫軌者,但亦可利用排障板14進行障礙物偵測。也就是,由於排障板14安裝於可動構件11(安裝部11B),因此排障板14與軌道R上之障礙物碰撞,亦從該障礙物接受既定值以上之負載之情形,可動構件11透過排障板14而接受既定值以上之負載,並往既定方向進行旋轉而使中空螺栓24斷裂。亦在該情形,藉由中空螺栓24之斷裂,切斷脫軌偵測線3並遮斷電導通狀態。另外,即使排障板14與軌道R上之障礙物碰撞,若係碎石等之障礙物,則僅以從軌道R上排除該障礙物,可動構件11不會旋轉。 Although the off-track detecting circuit 51 serves as a derailer, the obstacle board 14 can also be used for obstacle detection. That is, since the barrier plate 14 is attached to the movable member 11 (the mounting portion 11B), the barrier plate 14 collides with an obstacle on the rail R, and the load is received from the obstacle more than a predetermined value, and the movable member 11 The load of the predetermined value or more is received through the barrier plate 14, and is rotated in a predetermined direction to break the hollow bolt 24. Also in this case, the breakage detecting line 3 is cut off by the breakage of the hollow bolt 24 and the electrical conduction state is blocked. Further, even if the barrier board 14 collides with an obstacle on the rail R, if an obstacle such as a gravel is used, the obstacle is not removed from the rail R, and the movable member 11 does not rotate.
[1-7.所述各構成之效果]如此般,脫軌偵測裝置1,可在台 車4之脫軌時,使偵測臂12與軌道R接觸並使可動構件11旋轉,且藉由脫軌偵測電路51電偵測該旋轉之簡單之構成,可偵測脫軌。 [1-7. Effects of the respective configurations] In this manner, the derailment detecting device 1 can be used in the station When the vehicle 4 is derailed, the detecting arm 12 is brought into contact with the track R and the movable member 11 is rotated, and the derailment detecting circuit 51 electrically detects the simple configuration of the rotation, and the derailment can be detected.
藉此,例如習知技術般,在將脫軌檢測感測器(微型開關)安裝於台車4並對脫軌進行偵測之情形,為了確實地避免因台車4之振動等而使該脫軌檢測感測器毀損,有必要使用特殊規格之感測器,但根據所述之各構成,可避免此情況,且即使是成本面亦有益處。 In this way, for example, in the case where the derailment detecting sensor (microswitch) is attached to the bogie 4 and the derailment is detected, for example, in order to surely avoid the vibration of the trolley 4 or the like, the derailment detection is sensed. If the device is damaged, it is necessary to use a sensor of a special specification, but according to the various configurations described above, this situation can be avoided, and even the cost side is advantageous.
為了偵測脫軌,可藉由設置從可動構件11之側面往車輛內方側(或車輛外方側)突出之偵測臂12(脫軌偵測構件)之簡單之構成,偵測脫軌,且可使非常煞車器作動。 In order to detect the derailment, the derailment can be detected by providing a simple configuration of the detecting arm 12 (derailing detecting member) protruding from the side of the movable member 11 toward the inner side of the vehicle (or the outer side of the vehicle). Make a very brakes work.
此外,亦可偵測軌道R上之障礙物,同樣地亦可使非常煞車器作動。尤其是,可藉由共通之可動構件11及脫軌偵測線3,進行脫軌偵測與障礙物偵測,因此可謀求構造之簡單化。 In addition, it is also possible to detect obstacles on the track R, as well as to activate the very brakes. In particular, the off-track detection and the obstacle detection can be performed by the common movable member 11 and the derailment detecting line 3, so that the structure can be simplified.
進一步地,由於係藉由可動構件11之旋轉之簡單動作導致之脫軌偵測線3(中空螺栓24)之切斷而偵測脫軌,因此可無需使用特殊規格之感測器,並價格便宜地進行偵測。 Further, since the derailment detection line 3 (the hollow bolt 24) is cut off by the simple action of the rotation of the movable member 11, the derailment is detected, so that it is possible to use a sensor of a special specification and inexpensively Perform detection.
此外,可動構件11,由於若未接受既定值以上之負載則不會旋轉,因此在一般行走時並不會旋轉,且不會不經意地使脫軌偵測線3之電導通狀態被遮斷。 Further, since the movable member 11 does not rotate if it does not receive a load of a predetermined value or more, it does not rotate during normal traveling, and does not inadvertently interrupt the electrical conduction state of the derailment detecting line 3.
[2.其他]上述實施形態,除前述以外,亦可如以下般進行變更。 [2. Others] The above embodiment can be modified as follows in addition to the above.
(1)在可動構件11,不僅安裝有偵測臂12(脫軌偵測構件),亦安裝有排障板14,但亦可僅安裝偵測臂12(脫軌偵測構件)。該情形,亦 可以同樣之構成將具有排障板之障礙物偵測裝置另行安裝於台車4,且進一步將偵測軌道R上之障礙物之專用之障礙物偵測電路裝備於鐵道車輛。以下,參照圖9(a)~圖11針對該例詳細地進行說明。 (1) In the movable member 11, not only the detecting arm 12 (derail detecting member) but also the venting plate 14 is attached, but only the detecting arm 12 (derail detecting member) may be attached. In this case, too In the same manner, the obstacle detecting device having the barrier plate can be separately mounted to the trolley 4, and the dedicated obstacle detecting circuit for detecting the obstacle on the track R can be further equipped to the railway vehicle. Hereinafter, this example will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 9(a) to 11 .
圖9(a)、(b),分別係設置有脫軌偵測裝置1及障礙物偵測裝置6之鐵道車輛用台車4之一部分之前視圖及側視圖,圖10係脫軌偵測裝置1及障礙物偵測裝置6之一部分剖面俯視圖。在本變形例中,脫軌偵測裝置1用之支持托架44從樑構件43之前端往後方突出,另一方面,障礙物偵測裝置6用之支持托架45從樑構件43之前端往前方突出。 9(a) and 9(b) are front and side views, respectively, of a portion of the railway vehicle trolley 4 provided with the off-track detecting device 1 and the obstacle detecting device 6, and FIG. 10 is a derailing detecting device 1 and an obstacle. A partial cross-sectional plan view of the object detecting device 6. In the present modification, the support bracket 44 for the derailment detecting device 1 protrudes rearward from the front end of the beam member 43. On the other hand, the obstacle detecting device 6 supports the bracket 45 from the front end of the beam member 43. Prominent in front.
脫軌偵測裝置1,除了可動構件11僅由與固定構件21之板部平行之板狀部分構成之方面以外,係與該實施形態相同般構成。亦即,在可動構件11,僅安裝偵測臂12。 The off-track detecting device 1 is configured in the same manner as the embodiment except that the movable member 11 is constituted only by a plate-like portion parallel to the plate portion of the fixing member 21. That is, in the movable member 11, only the detecting arm 12 is attached.
障礙物偵測裝置6,除了未設置偵測臂12之方面以外,係具有與所述實施形態之脫軌偵測裝置1同樣之構成。亦即,障礙物偵測裝置6,具備透過支持托架45而固定於樑構件43之固定構件71、一體形成於固定構件71之覆蓋體72、連結於固定構件71之可動構件(第2可動構件)61、及障礙物偵測線8。 The obstacle detecting device 6 has the same configuration as the derailing detecting device 1 of the above-described embodiment except that the detecting arm 12 is not provided. In other words, the obstacle detecting device 6 includes a fixing member 71 fixed to the beam member 43 through the support bracket 45, a cover 72 integrally formed with the fixing member 71, and a movable member coupled to the fixing member 71 (second movable Member 61, and obstacle detection line 8.
可動構件61,具有藉由固定構件71之板部與安裝螺栓22及螺帽而緊固之於車輛長邊方向延伸之板狀之本體部61A、以及相對於本體部61A傾斜之安裝有排障板14之安裝部61B。亦即,可動構件61,係可繞安裝螺栓22旋轉。此外,可動構件61,與圖6所示之構成同樣地,亦藉由中空螺栓24及螺帽25而緊固於固定構件71之板部。藉此,可動構件61,藉由既定值以上之負載之作用,往既定方向旋轉(移動)。在中空螺栓24,插 通有障礙物偵測線8。 The movable member 61 has a plate-shaped main body portion 61A that is fastened in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle by the plate portion of the fixing member 71, the mounting bolts 22 and the nut, and a mounting portion that is inclined with respect to the main body portion 61A. Mounting portion 61B of the board 14. That is, the movable member 61 is rotatable around the mounting bolt 22. Further, similarly to the configuration shown in FIG. 6, the movable member 61 is also fastened to the plate portion of the fixing member 71 by the hollow bolt 24 and the nut 25. Thereby, the movable member 61 is rotated (moved) in a predetermined direction by the action of a load of a predetermined value or more. In the hollow bolt 24, insert There is an obstacle detection line 8.
障礙物偵測線8,係導通電或光者,且藉由在鐵道車輛之行走時可動構件61從軌道R上之障礙物接受既定值以上之負載並進行旋轉,而使電導通狀態或光導通狀態被遮斷。藉此,可對障礙物進行偵測。具體而言,障礙物偵測線8,如圖11所示,與設置於車體側之障礙物偵測電路54連接,一旦藉由障礙物偵測電路54偵測障礙物,則其訊息將顯示於監視器裝置52。例如,障礙物偵測電路54,包含一旦障礙物偵測線8之電導通狀態或光導通狀態被遮斷則進行作動之繼電器。一旦繼電器進行作動,煞車器53與此連動而作為非常煞車器進行作動。 The obstacle detecting line 8 is electrically connected or lighted, and the movable member 61 receives a load of a predetermined value or more from an obstacle on the track R while the railway vehicle is traveling, and rotates to make the electric conduction state or light. The on state is blocked. In this way, obstacles can be detected. Specifically, the obstacle detecting line 8 is connected to the obstacle detecting circuit 54 provided on the vehicle body side as shown in FIG. 11, and once the obstacle detecting circuit 54 detects the obstacle, the message will be Displayed on the monitor device 52. For example, the obstacle detecting circuit 54 includes a relay that operates when the electrical conduction state or the light conduction state of the obstacle detecting line 8 is blocked. Once the relay is actuated, the brake 53 is actuated in conjunction with this as a very brake.
作為障礙物偵測線8,亦可使用導通電之電配線,亦可使用導通光之光纖。在後者之情形,脫軌偵測線8之兩端,透過將電轉換成光之光投射器及將光轉換成電之光接收器而與障礙物偵測電路54連接。障礙物偵測線8,與脫軌偵測線3同樣地,以呈現於前端具有環箍之繩狀之方式,將去路及返路之大部分捆作成一線材80。線材80沿著柱構件42配設,且藉由障礙物偵測線8之中央部形成之環箍部,與固定構件61之板部於二處交叉。與圖6所示之構成同樣地,在可動構件61設置有貫通孔11Aa,且於固定構件21之板部及台座部21b設置有貫通孔21c。而且,於可動構件61之貫通孔11Aa及固定構件21之貫通孔21c插入有中空螺栓24之軸部。 As the obstacle detecting line 8, it is also possible to use an electric wiring for conducting electricity, or an optical fiber for conducting light. In the latter case, both ends of the derailment detecting line 8 are connected to the obstacle detecting circuit 54 by converting the electric light into a light projector and converting the light into an electric light receiver. Similarly to the derailment detecting line 3, the obstacle detecting line 8 bundles most of the outward and return paths into a wire 80 so as to have a rope shape having a hoop at the front end. The wire 80 is disposed along the column member 42, and the hoop portion formed by the central portion of the obstacle detecting line 8 intersects with the plate portion of the fixing member 61 at two places. Similarly to the configuration shown in FIG. 6, the movable member 61 is provided with the through hole 11Aa, and the through hole 21c is provided in the plate portion of the fixing member 21 and the pedestal portion 21b. Further, a shaft portion of the hollow bolt 24 is inserted into the through hole 11Aa of the movable member 61 and the through hole 21c of the fixing member 21.
或者,亦可利用脫軌偵測裝置1之可動構件11分別進行脫軌偵測與障礙物偵測。在該情形,若於圖1~5所示之脫軌偵測裝置1追加障礙物偵測線8,並且於車體側追加障礙物偵測電路54亦可。另外,一旦在脫軌偵測裝置1追加障礙物偵測線8,意味著對1個可動構件11設置2 個中空螺栓24。 Alternatively, the movable member 11 of the off-track detecting device 1 can also be used for derailment detection and obstacle detection, respectively. In this case, the obstacle detecting line 8 is added to the off-track detecting device 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, and the obstacle detecting circuit 54 may be added to the vehicle body side. In addition, once the obstacle detection line 8 is added to the derailment detecting device 1, it means that 2 movable members 11 are provided. Hollow bolts 24.
(2)脫軌偵測裝置1之可動構件11及/或障礙物偵測裝置6之可動構件61並不一定需要進行旋轉,亦可成為藉由進行移動(直線移動、彎曲移動等)而將脫軌偵測線3及/或障礙物偵測線8切斷。 (2) The movable member 11 of the off-track detecting device 1 and/or the movable member 61 of the obstacle detecting device 6 do not necessarily need to be rotated, and may be derailed by moving (linear movement, bending movement, etc.) The detection line 3 and/or the obstacle detection line 8 are cut off.
(3)脫軌偵測線3及/或障礙物偵測線8,亦可不需要貫通兩貫通孔11Aa、21c,而僅貫通一貫通孔。此外,亦可完全不貫通貫通孔,而以藉由可動構件11之移動而切斷之方式配置。例如,若以橫切可動構件11之移動軌道(旋轉軌道)之方式配置脫軌偵測線3及/或障礙物偵測線8,則可藉由可動構件11之移動而輕易地切斷脫軌偵測線3及/或障礙物偵測線8。 (3) The derailment detecting line 3 and/or the obstacle detecting line 8 may not penetrate through the through holes 11Aa and 21c, but only penetrate one through hole. Further, the through holes may not be penetrated at all, and may be arranged to be cut by the movement of the movable member 11. For example, if the derailment detecting line 3 and/or the obstacle detecting line 8 are disposed in such a manner as to traverse the moving rail (rotating orbit) of the movable member 11, the derailment detection can be easily cut off by the movement of the movable member 11. Line 3 and/or obstacle detection line 8.
(4)在上述之實施形態中,雖使煞車器53作為非常煞車器而作動,但不限於此,例如亦可使駕駛座之警告燈點亮、或使警報器響動等。 (4) In the above-described embodiment, the brake device 53 is operated as a very brake, but the invention is not limited thereto. For example, the warning light of the driver's seat may be lighted, or the alarm may be sounded.
(5)作為脫軌偵測構件之偵測臂12,除了圓柱狀以外,亦可成為角柱狀、板狀、箱狀等,只要係能夠偵測脫軌之形狀即可。 (5) The detecting arm 12 as the derailment detecting member may be a columnar shape, a plate shape, a box shape or the like in addition to the cylindrical shape, as long as it can detect the shape of the derailment.
(6)固定構件21,並不一定要與台車4為不同體,亦可一體形成於台車4之一部分。 (6) The fixing member 21 does not necessarily have to be different from the bogie 4, and may be integrally formed in one portion of the bogie 4.
(7)脫軌偵測線3之電導通狀態或光導通狀態被遮斷之因素,並不一定僅限於脫軌偵測線3之切斷。例如,亦可將脫軌偵測線3分割成固定構件21側之線部與可動構件11側之線部,且該等之線部透過連接器而相互連接,在可動構件11移動時,連接器進行分離。此方面,關於障礙物偵側線8亦相同。 (7) The factor that the electrical conduction state or the light conduction state of the derailment detecting line 3 is blocked is not necessarily limited to the cutting of the derailing detecting line 3. For example, the derailment detecting line 3 may be divided into a line portion on the side of the fixing member 21 and a line portion on the side of the movable member 11, and the line portions are connected to each other through the connector, and when the movable member 11 moves, the connector Separate. In this respect, the obstacle detection line 8 is also the same.
(8)使脫軌偵測裝置1之可動構件11及/或障礙物偵測裝置6 之可動構件61往既定方向移動之既定值,並不一定要為中空螺栓24之斷裂強度,而可適當地做選定。例如,亦可採用於車輛長邊方向延伸之管狀構件之屈曲(buckling)強度。 (8) The movable member 11 and/or the obstacle detecting device 6 of the derailment detecting device 1 The predetermined value of the movable member 61 moving in a predetermined direction does not necessarily have to be the breaking strength of the hollow bolt 24, and may be appropriately selected. For example, the buckling strength of the tubular member extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle can also be employed.
1‧‧‧脫軌偵測裝置 1‧‧‧ Derailment detection device
3‧‧‧脫軌偵測線 3‧‧‧ Derailment detection line
11‧‧‧可動構件 11‧‧‧ movable components
11A‧‧‧本體部 11A‧‧‧ Body Department
11B‧‧‧安裝部 11B‧‧‧Installation Department
12‧‧‧偵測臂 12‧‧‧Detecting arm
14‧‧‧排障板 14‧‧‧Breakout board
21‧‧‧固定構件 21‧‧‧Fixed components
21a‧‧‧覆蓋體 21a‧‧‧ Coverage
22‧‧‧安裝螺栓 22‧‧‧Installation bolts
23‧‧‧環箍部 23‧‧‧ hoop department
26‧‧‧軟管 26‧‧‧Hose
27‧‧‧熱收縮管 27‧‧‧Heat shrink tube
44‧‧‧支持托架 44‧‧‧Support bracket
Claims (5)
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JP2012161100 | 2012-07-20 |
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TW201404638A TW201404638A (en) | 2014-02-01 |
TWI516395B true TWI516395B (en) | 2016-01-11 |
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TW102115344A TWI516395B (en) | 2012-07-20 | 2013-04-30 | Disengagement detection equipment and railway vehicles for railway vehicles |
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JP (1) | JP6014672B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104428186B (en) |
HK (1) | HK1203178A1 (en) |
SG (1) | SG11201500390WA (en) |
TW (1) | TWI516395B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014013650A1 (en) |
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EP3079965B1 (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2020-02-05 | Siemens Mobility Austria GmbH | Method and device for detecting a derailment or a striking of an obstacle against a rail vehicle |
JP6499759B2 (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2019-04-10 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Railroad vehicle drainage device |
CN105539487B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-03-13 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | Derail detector and its detection method based on side frame positioning |
CN105539488B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-03-27 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | Derailing bogie and its derailing detection method based on side frame detection and localization |
WO2017154573A1 (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-09-14 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Railway vehicle derailment detection method and device |
DE102016104722A1 (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2017-09-21 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH | Method for generating data for the validation of derailment detection systems |
KR101944161B1 (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-04-18 | 현대로템 주식회사 | Apparatus for detecting derailment of railway vehicle |
CN107139959A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-09-08 | 中车四方车辆有限公司 | A kind of derailing obstacle deflector |
KR102049295B1 (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2019-11-27 | 주식회사 고려차량 | Apparatus for detecting derailment of train and train having the same |
CN108860221A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-23 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | A kind of Derail detector and the rail vehicle with the device |
CN109501819A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-03-22 | 中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司 | A kind of mounting structure suitable for automatic driving vehicle derailing detection sensor |
CN109484432B (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2021-01-22 | 北京麦斯泰克科技有限公司 | Derailing detection device triggered by fusion of electronic and mechanical sensors |
CN109969215B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-08-07 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Railway vehicle bogie |
CN115384569B (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2023-03-31 | 合肥市轨道交通集团有限公司 | Rail vehicle and obstacle-removing and derailing-preventing detection device and detection method thereof |
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JPS5135602Y2 (en) * | 1971-05-14 | 1976-09-02 | ||
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JPS51142206U (en) * | 1975-05-09 | 1976-11-16 | ||
JPS5378717U (en) * | 1976-12-01 | 1978-06-30 | ||
JP2695976B2 (en) * | 1990-08-29 | 1998-01-14 | 株式会社東芝 | Derailment detection device |
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2013
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- 2013-04-25 WO PCT/JP2013/002802 patent/WO2014013650A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-04-30 TW TW102115344A patent/TWI516395B/en active
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SG11201500390WA (en) | 2015-04-29 |
CN104428186A (en) | 2015-03-18 |
CN104428186B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
JPWO2014013650A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
JP6014672B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 |
WO2014013650A1 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
HK1203178A1 (en) | 2015-10-23 |
TW201404638A (en) | 2014-02-01 |
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