JP3299442B2 - Train derailment detector - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a train derailment detector for detecting a derailment of a train, and more particularly to a train derailment detector which does not cause a leakage fault and has few malfunctions.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Derailing of a train is a serious accident, and information must be transmitted as soon as it occurs.
This requires a detector that can be monitored at all times along the track.

Conventionally known detectors include the following.

(1) A cable is laid on the side of a track, a constant voltage is applied to the cable, and a voltage sensor is installed at intervals of several tens to several hundreds meters along the cable to detect the voltage. When the train touches the cable due to the train derailment, the voltage changes, so that the train derailment can be detected.

[0005] (2) A pipe (diameter 50) is provided near the train track.
mm, height 400 mm), and attach an accelerometer to the upper end of the pipe. Train derailment can be detected from the acceleration generated when the train collides with the pipe.

[0006]

However, since the detector (1) detects the voltage of the cable laid in the space, a malfunction due to noise is likely to occur.
In the event that a ground fault occurs, the human body and other measuring instruments may be adversely affected.

[0007] The detector (2) is sensitive to vibrations and shocks, and may malfunction due to vibrations and shocks unrelated to train derailment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a train derailment detector which does not cause a leakage fault and has few malfunctions.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a detection column is set up near a train track, an optical fiber is laid below the detection column, and the detection column is interlocked with the falling down of the detection column. A cutting mechanism for cutting the optical fiber is provided to detect train derailment when light passing through the optical fiber is cut off.

In addition, a detection pole is set up near the train track,
An optical fiber is laid below the sensing column, a loose knot is formed on the optical fiber, and a tensioning mechanism is provided for tensioning the optical fiber in conjunction with the falling down of the sensing column, thereby blocking light passing through the optical fiber. It is configured to detect train derailment based on the result.

[0011] With the above configuration, when the train derails and the detection column falls down, the optical fiber is cut off in conjunction with this, and
Since light passing through the optical fiber is blocked, train derailment can be detected. Since an optical fiber is used, there is no influence of external noise and no leakage accident occurs. Also,
No malfunction due to vibration or impact occurs because the detection column is used to fall down.

Further, a loose knot is formed on the optical fiber so that light can pass therethrough. When the optical fiber is tensioned in conjunction with the fall of the sensing column, the knot is tightened and the light is blocked.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the train derailment detector according to the present invention comprises a detector body 1 and an optical fiber 2, and the detector body 1 is laid down by a fixed part 3 fixed to the ground and a train. And the detection pillar 4 to be used.

The fixing portion 3 includes a foundation 5, a cylindrical pedestal 6 standing on the foundation and having an open top, and a pedestal 6.
And a bearing 8 supported by the receiving stand 7. An optical fiber shear hole 9 which is open upward and circular in a position below the bearing 8
Is provided.

The detection column 4 is mounted on the upper part of the pedestal 6,
A cylindrical detection pillar base end 10 having an upper bottom part 10a and a lower part being opened; a detection pillar 11 of a predetermined height standing upright at the center of the upper surface 10a of the detection pillar base end part 10 A shaft 12 is attached to the center of the lower surface of the upper bottom portion 10a and is suspended from the base end portion 10 of the detection column. The rotor 12 is received by the bearing 8. The rotor 13 has a spherical shape and can rotate freely in any direction. The shaft 12 is inserted through the rotor 13 and extends below the rotor 13.
The shaft 12 has a larger diameter than the optical fiber shear hole 9 of the receiving stand 7 and has a rounded lower end, and is in contact with the optical fiber shear hole.

The detection column 4 has a detection column 11 and a detection column base end 10 integrated with each other. When the detection column base end 10 is lowered together with the detection column 11, the detection column 11 interlocks with this. Thus, the shaft 12 rotates around the rotor 13.

The detection column 4 is connected to the fixing portion 3 by a fuse 14.
It is fixed at. Here, the inner diameter of the pedestal 6 is the same as the inner diameter of the base end portion 10 of the detection column, but the pedestal 6 has a larger wall thickness, and accordingly, the outer diameter of the pedestal 6 is larger. A flange 15 for increasing the diameter is provided at the lower end of the base end portion 10 of the detection column, and fuses 14 are arranged on the flange 15 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. The fuse 14 penetrates the flange 15 from above and is inserted into a thick portion of the pedestal 6. The fuse 14 is designed to be blown when a predetermined force or more is applied.

In the above configuration, the detection column 4 is fixed to the fixing portion 3 by the fuse 14, so that the detection column 11 is kept upright and the detection column 11 has an impact larger than the proof strength of the fuse 14. Is applied, the sensing column 11 and the sensing column base end 10 fall down. Then, the shaft 12 rotates with the fall of the detection column 11, and the lower end of the shaft 12 moves while rubbing the optical fiber shear hole 9.

The detector main bodies 1 are arranged at predetermined intervals along a line. The size of the detector main body 1 is, for example,
The height of the detection column 11 is 400 mm from the ground, and the diameter of the foundation 5 is 210 mm.

On the other hand, an optical fiber 2 is laid along the line. This optical fiber 2 is taken into the detector main body 1. An optical fiber hole 16 for passing the optical fiber 2 is provided on the side of the pedestal 6 of the fixing portion 3, and a gap 17 for passing the optical fiber 2 is also provided on the receiving base 7.
This gap 17 communicates with the optical fiber shear hole 9. Further, the shaft 12 is provided with a small hole 18 for passing the optical fiber 2 in the axial center thereof, and the small hole 18 passes through the opening 19 on the side of the shaft above the rotor 13. ing. Thus, the optical fiber 2 passes through the optical fiber hole 16, the gap 17, the optical fiber shear hole 9, the fine hole 18, and the opening 19, forms a loop, and again forms the optical fiber hole 1.
6 and out of the detector body 1.

The base 7, the bearing 8, the shaft 12, and the rotor 1 accommodated in the base end portion 10 and the pedestal 6 of the detection column.
Reference numeral 3 denotes a cutting mechanism 20 that cuts the optical fiber 2 in conjunction with the fall of the detection column 11.

Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described.

An optical signal is transmitted from an optical signal transmitting device (not shown) via the optical fiber 2 and received by the receiving device on the opposite side.

Now, it is assumed that the train derails and collides with the detector main body 1. The detection pillar 4 receives an impact in the direction of the arrow where the train collided, and attempts to move in the direction of the arrow. The movement is impeded by the fuse 14, but the fuse 14 blows when the impact force exceeds the strength of the fuse 14. At this time, the detection column 11 and the detection column base end 10 rotate and fall with the point P of the fuse 14 on the opposite side as a fulcrum. The shaft 12 rotates with the fall of the detection column 11, and the shaft 12
Moves while rubbing the optical fiber shear holes 9.

Since the optical fiber 2 is passed through the fine hole 18 in the shaft 12 which is the cutting mechanism 20 and the optical fiber shear hole 9 of the receiving base 7, the shaft 12 moves and the fine hole 1
When the optical fiber 8 tries to come off from the optical fiber shear hole 9, a shearing force acts and the optical fiber is cut. In this way, the optical fiber 2 is cut in conjunction with the fall of the detection column 11, and the light passing through the optical fiber 2 is cut off. Since the optical signal transmitted / received via the optical fiber 2 is interrupted, the train derailment can be detected.

As described above, since the train derailment detector of the present invention uses the optical fiber 2, there is no influence of external noise and no electric leakage accident occurs. In addition, since derailment is detected by using the fall of the detection column, a malfunction due to vibration or impact does not occur.

Further, in this embodiment, a spherical rotor 13 is used as the cutting mechanism 20, and the lower end of the shaft 12 having a round optical fiber shear hole 9 which is opened circularly moves while rubbing. The optical fiber 2 passing through the axis of the shaft 12 is sheared, so that the optical fiber 2 is cut even if the sensing column 11 falls 360 degrees around. Therefore, the cutting mechanism 20 operates regardless of the direction in which the train collides, so that the optical fiber 2 is reliably cut regardless of which of the tracks the train travels from or the train falls.

Further, in the present embodiment, since the detection column 11 is kept upright by using the fuse 14, malfunction does not occur due to vibration or impact unrelated to train derailment. The proof stress of the fuse 14 differs depending on its material and thickness. When SUS is used, the relationship between the fuse diameter and the proof strength becomes linear as indicated by the black dots in FIG. 2, and an arbitrary proof strength can be selected by determining the fuse diameter.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 3, the train derailment detector comprises a detector main body 1 and an optical fiber 2 in the same manner as in the above embodiment, and the detector main body 1 comprises a fixed section 3 fixed to the ground and a train And the detection pillar portion 4 which falls down. The fixed portion 2 has a cylindrical pedestal 6, and the detection column portion 4 includes a disk 10b that covers the upper portion of the pedestal 6, and a detection column 11 that stands upright at the center of the upper surface of the disk 10b. The detection column 4 is fixed to the fixing part 3 by a fuse 14.

In this embodiment, a loose knot is formed in the optical fiber 2 taken in the detector main body 1 and a tension mechanism 30 is provided in the pedestal 6.

The tensioning mechanism 30 includes the optical fiber lifting mechanism 3
1 and an optical fiber lowering mechanism 32. The optical fiber lifting mechanism 31 includes a bearing 8 fixed to the upper stage in the pedestal 6, a shaft 12 attached to the center of the lower surface of the disk 10 b and hanging down in the pedestal 6, and a rotor 13 received by the bearing 8. And the shaft 12 penetrating the rotor 13
And an optical fiber engaging portion 33 provided at the lower end of the optical fiber. The lower end of the shaft 12 has an optical fiber pull-down mechanism 32.
Is mounted.
The optical fiber lowering mechanism 32 includes a cylindrical stage 35 erected at the center of the base 5, a weight 36 mounted on the stage 35, and an optical fiber fixing portion 37 provided on the weight 36. The lower portion of the weight 36 is rounded. The upper portion of the weight 36 is held by the receptacle 34 from above.

In the above configuration, when an impact larger than the proof strength of the fuse 14 is applied to the detection column 11, the detection column 11 falls down, and accordingly the shaft 12 rotates,
The lower end moves and rises. Also, the rotation of the shaft 12 causes the receptacle 34 to tilt,
For this reason, the weight 36 falls from the stage 35.

On the other hand, the optical fiber 2 laid along the line is taken into the detector main body 1. The optical fiber 2 has an optical fiber hole 16 on the side of the pedestal 6 of the fixed part 3.
, Is fixed to the optical fiber fixing portion 37 of the weight 36, passes through the optical fiber engaging portion 33 of the shaft 12, passes through the pipe 38 provided on the upper inner wall of the pedestal 6, and passes through the optical fiber fixing portion with respect to the inner wall of the pedestal 6. It is fixed at 39, forms a loop, and exits the detector main body 1 again through the optical fiber hole 16. The optical fiber 2 is lightly tied between the pipe 38 and the optical fiber fixing portion 39, and a loose knot 40 is formed so as not to hinder the passage of light.

Now, when the train derails and collides with the detector main body 1, the fuse 14 is blown, and the detection column 11 falls down. In the optical fiber lifting mechanism 31, the rotation of the shaft 12 causes the optical fiber engaging portion 33 at the lower end of the shaft 12 to rotate.
Move up, and in the optical fiber lowering mechanism 32, the weight 36 falls from the stage 35 with the optical fiber 2 accompanying the optical fiber 2, so that the optical fiber 2 is pulled up and down to be tensed. For this reason, the knot 40 is tightened and the bending radius becomes smaller than the allowable bending radius, or the knot 40 is disconnected. Since the light passing through the optical fiber 2 is blocked, the train derailment can be detected.

[0037]

The present invention exhibits the following excellent effects.

(1) Since an optical fiber is used, there is no influence of external noise and no electric leakage accident occurs.

(2) Since derailment is detected by utilizing the fall of the detection column, no malfunction occurs due to vibration or impact.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a train derailment detector showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship between a fuse diameter and a proof stress.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a train derailment detector according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Detector main body 2 Optical fiber 3 Fixed part 4 Detecting pillar part 11 Detecting pillar 20 Cutting mechanism

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-60-201240 (JP, A) JP-A-58-99175 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B61K 13/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A detecting mechanism is provided in the vicinity of a railroad track of a train, an optical fiber is laid below the detecting mechanism, and a cutting mechanism for cutting the optical fiber in conjunction with the falling of the detecting mechanism is provided. A train derailment detector configured to detect train derailment when light passing through a fiber is blocked. 2. A detection column is set up near a train track, an optical fiber is laid below the detection column, a loose knot is formed in the optical fiber, and the optical fiber is linked to the falling of the detection column. A train derailment detector configured to provide a tensioning mechanism for tensioning, and to detect train derailment when light passing through the optical fiber is blocked.