JP5027635B2 - Slope fluctuation detector - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a slope fluctuation detecting device for detecting a fluctuation of a natural slope that may collapse or an artificial slope formed by construction or cutting in construction work.

  On slopes formed along roads and railways, landslides due to collapse have become a social problem. These slopes include naturally formed slopes in mountainous areas and artificial slopes formed by construction or cutting in connection with construction work, both of which collapse at once after an earthquake or heavy rain has caused the ground to loosen. For this reason, even if the patrol is periodically monitored, it is difficult to accurately predict the collapse and take preventive measures such as closing the road.

Therefore, it has been proposed to detect a risk of collapse by installing a detection device on the slope. For example, in Patent Document 1, it is detected that the case has changed from a vertical posture to a tilted posture, a collapse detection sensor that transmits radio waves having a predetermined frequency, a receiver that receives the radio waves transmitted by the collapse detection sensor, and An alarm receiving device comprising a display for indicating that the receiver has received radio waves, the collapse detection sensor is installed in a vertical position at a monitored location, and the alarm receiving device has a predetermined frequency. A slope collapse detection method is described in which it is determined that the installation location of the collapse detection sensor has collapsed by displaying on the display that radio waves have been received. Further, in Patent Document 2, a liquid-tight case having a rollable outer shape so as to roll when a collapsing disaster occurs, and a case to be operated in response to the rolling of the case. A collapsible disaster warning device is described which has a roll detector disposed and a collapsible disaster notification signal generator disposed in a case and activated in response to the operation of the roll detector 9.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-101638 JP-A-11-185187

  Although the device described in the above-mentioned patent document can detect the change or collapse of the slope with certainty, it requires electric energy for detection, so it must be able to reliably provide electric energy over a long period of time. In addition, it is necessary to periodically check whether it operates normally. Furthermore, since electronic components such as a detection sensor, a signal generation circuit, and a reception circuit are required, and the cost for manufacturing the device and the cost for maintenance are high, it is difficult to install on many slopes from the viewpoint of cost. Therefore, it will be installed from the slope with a high risk of collapsing, but it is difficult to judge what criteria should be used for the priority order and where it should be installed on one slope. Is the actual situation.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a slope fluctuation detecting device that can suppress the manufacturing cost at a low cost with a simple structure and can accurately detect the slope fluctuation.

  A slope fluctuation detecting device according to the present invention includes a base installed and fixed on a slope, a horizontal adjustment mechanism for adjusting a planar placement surface provided on the base to a horizontal state, and the placement surface described above. A movable body that is arranged so as to be movable and moves when the mounting surface is inclined, a rolling plate that is placed in contact with the movable body, and a rolling plate that is arranged on the upper surface of the rolling plate so as to be capable of rolling. And a detection mechanism that detects that the detection sphere has dropped from the rolling plate. Furthermore, the moving body is composed of a group of three or more spheres of the same size, which are arranged to roll on the mounting surface. Further, the horizontal adjustment mechanism is characterized by comprising three adjustment screws attached to the mounting plate on which the mounting surface is formed. Further, the detection mechanism includes a display plate movable to a display position exposed to the outside, and the display plate is moved to and held at the display position in conjunction with the drop of the detection sphere. And

  The present invention has the above-described configuration, so that a rolling plate is installed on a movable body that is movably disposed on a horizontal mounting surface, and a detection sphere is rolled on the upper surface of the rolling plate. Since it arrange | positions freely, the fluctuation | variation can be correctly detected because a detection sphere falls by the fluctuation | variation of a slope.

  That is, when the base fixed on the slope tilts due to the slope change, the moving body moves on the mounting surface, and the detection sphere rolls and drops by moving the rolling plate in conjunction with it. To do. Therefore, if the horizontal state of the mounting surface is adjusted accurately, it is possible to accurately set the inclination of the mounting surface that causes the movement of the moving body, and it is possible to accurately detect the occurrence of a change in slope. it can.

  In these series of operations, no electrical energy is required, and the detection sphere is dropped only by the action of gravity, so the manufacturing cost can be kept extremely low, and maintenance costs such as periodic inspections can be reduced. Hardly occur. Further, even after the detection sphere is dropped, the horizontal state of the placement surface is readjusted, so that it can be easily set to a state where it can be detected again and can be used repeatedly. Therefore, even if there are many locations that need to be installed, the overall installation cost can be reduced, and it is possible to accurately detect slope changes at many locations. The accuracy of occurrence prediction can be improved.

  In addition, by using three or more sphere groups of the same size that are arranged so as to be able to roll on the placement surface as the moving body, the rolling plate can be installed in a stable state. Using the ease of movement, it becomes possible for the moving body to operate and detect even a slight inclination of the placement surface. And since it is comprised only by the spherical body group, it can suppress very cheap also in terms of cost.

  Further, as the horizontal adjustment mechanism, by using three adjustment screws attached to the mounting plate on which the mounting surface is formed, the horizontal state of the mounting plate can be accurately adjusted with a simple configuration, The manufacturing cost can be reduced, and even when resetting, it can be performed by a simple operation of adjusting the three adjusting screws.

  In addition, if the detection mechanism is equipped with a display plate that can be moved to a display position exposed to the outside, the display plate can be moved to the display position and held in conjunction with the fall of the detection sphere. It is possible to confirm whether or not there has been a change in the slope visually from a place away from the station. Therefore, it is not necessary to climb the slope for inspection, and it is possible to monitor the slope safely without approaching a slope with high danger such as landslide.

  Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail. The embodiments described below are preferable specific examples for carrying out the present invention, and thus various technical limitations are made. However, the present invention is particularly limited in the following description. Unless otherwise specified, the present invention is not limited to these forms.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view thereof. The slope fluctuation detection device 1 includes an operation mechanism 2 and a detection mechanism 3 that are linked to the slope S fluctuation.

  In the operating mechanism 2, the substrate 11 is fixed to the upper surface of the pile 10 driven and fixed on the slope S by a fixing tool 12 such as a nail, and a rectangular parallelepiped case 13 is roughly adjusted above the substrate 11. It is attached by screws 14. The lower part of the coarse adjustment screw 14 is fixed by being screwed into the substrate 11, and a support bolt 14a is screwed into the middle part thereof. Then, the height of the support bolt 14a is adjusted, and the upper portion of the coarse adjustment screw 14 is inserted into a mounting hole drilled in the bottom surface of the case 13, so that the bottom surface of the case 13 is set in a substantially horizontal state.

  Support bolts 14b are screwed onto the upper portions of the coarse adjustment screws 14, and the heights of the support bolts 14b are adjusted so that the coarse adjustment screws are respectively attached to the mounting holes formed in the three corners of the triangular support plate 15. 14 is inserted, and the upper surface of the support plate 15 is set in a substantially horizontal state. On the upper surface of the support plate 15, a level 16 is fixed substantially at the center, and the level 16 checks whether the upper surface of the support plate 15 is in a horizontal state. In the case of not being in a horizontal state, the horizontal position is set by finely adjusting the height positions of the three support bolts 14b.

  Above the support plate 15, a triangular mounting plate 18 is installed via three fine adjustment screws 17. Each fine adjustment screw 17 is screwed into the three corners of the mounting plate 18 from above and penetrates the lower part, and the lower end is rotatably attached to the corner of the support plate 15. Yes. By rotating the three fine adjustment screws 17, the heights of the three corners of the mounting plate 18 can be finely adjusted.

  A circular mounting table 19 is installed at the center of the mounting plate 18, and an annular rubber frame 20 is provided along the periphery of the upper surface of the mounting table 19. Three spheres 21 of the same size are arranged in contact with each other at the center of the mounting surface on the top surface of the mounting table 19 so that each sphere 21 can roll on the mounting surface. Is installed.

  Since the sphere 21 rolls when the placement surface is slightly inclined, the height of the three corners of the placement plate 18 is finely adjusted by the three fine adjustment screws 17 so that the sphere 21 is moved. Set the mounting surface to be horizontal so that it does not roll.

  After the three spheres 21 are installed in contact with the center of the mounting surface, a circular rolling plate 22 is installed on the sphere 21. The rolling plate 22 is set to the same size as the mounting table 19, and by positioning according to the mounting table 19, the center of gravity of the rolling plate 22 is set to a position supported by the three spheres 21. Thus, the rolling plate 22 is supported in a stable state.

  The detection sphere 23 is installed at the center position of the rolling surface on the upper surface of the rolling plate 22 so as to be able to roll. Since the rolling plate 22 is formed to have the same thickness, if the placement surface is set in a horizontal state, the rolling surface is also set in a horizontal state, so that the detection sphere 23 is centered in a stable state. Can be installed in position.

  In addition to the case where three spheres 21 are used as the moving body, a larger number of spheres may be used. Further, any structure that moves due to the inclination of the mounting surface, such as a structure using wheels, can be used.

  An inclined plate 24 is provided on the bottom side inside the case 13, and the inclined plate 24 is set to be inclined toward one corner of the bottom surface of the case 13. A circular drop hole 25 is drilled at the lowest corner of the inclined plate 24, and the drop hole 25 is connected to a guide pipe 26 that passes through the case 13 and is attached downward. The inclined plate 24 is provided with a mounting hole through which the coarse adjustment screw 14 passes, similarly to the bottom surface of the case 13.

  The detection mechanism 3 includes a case 30 fixed to the slope S, and a guide tube 26 is inserted into the case 30 from above. As shown in the enlarged perspective view of FIG. 3, the guide tube 26 is provided with a mounting hole 26a so as to communicate in a direction transverse to the inside of the tube, and a rod-shaped detection bar 31 is inserted into the mounting hole 26a. ing. The detection bar 31 is set at a position where it collides with the detection sphere 23 falling in the guide tube 26 and is made of a material that can be easily broken when the detection sphere 23 collides.

  Locking members 32 are locked to both ends of the inserted detection bar 31 protruding from the guide tube 26. The locking member 32 includes hook portions 32a that are hooked to both ends of the detection bar 31, and one end portion of the string 33 is connected to a connecting bar 32b that connects the hook portions 32a.

  A display plate 35 is connected to the other end of the string 33 via a pulley portion 34 that is installed and fixed on the ceiling surface in the case 30. The rectangular display plate 35 is suspended in the case 30 by the string 33. Set to the specified state. An opening through which the display plate 35 can pass when dropped is formed in the bottom surface of the case 30. A height adjustment screw 34b is provided on the top of the pulley portion 34, and the height adjustment screw 34b is inserted into an attachment hole drilled in the ceiling surface of the case 30 and attached to the case 30 by a support bolt 34a. And the position of the support bolt 34a is adjusted, the height position of the display board 35 is adjusted, and the tension | tensile_strength provided to the string 33 is adjusted.

  Next, the operation of the apparatus when the slope S fluctuates due to the looseness of the ground will be described. As shown in FIG. 4A, when the apparatus is installed on the slope S, the mounting surface of the mounting table 19 is kept in a horizontal state by adjusting the coarse adjustment screw 14 and the fine adjustment screw 17 as described above. After setting the sphere 21 to stand at the center of the mounting table 19, the rolling plate 22 is installed thereon, and the detection sphere 23 is set at the center of the rolling plate 22. In this installed state, since the rolling surface of the rolling plate 22 is set in a horizontal state, the detection sphere 23 does not roll.

  When the slope S gradually changes after installation, the mounting table 19 set in the horizontal state at the beginning of installation is gradually inclined, and the mounting surface is inclined as shown in FIG. Thus, the rolling force is gradually applied to the sphere 21. When the rolling force exceeds a predetermined threshold, the sphere 21 starts rolling and rolls to the periphery of the mounting table 19 as shown in FIG. Stop in contact. As the sphere 21 rolls, the rolling plate 22 slides on the sphere 21 and falls together with the detection sphere 23.

  The fallen detection sphere 23 falls on the inclined plate 24, is guided in the inclined direction and rolls, and falls in the guide tube 26 from the drop hole 25.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the detection sphere 23 falling in the guide tube 26 is introduced into the detection mechanism 3 (FIG. 5A) and collides with the detection bar 31 from above to break the detection bar 31. It falls as it is. When the detection bar 31 is damaged, the locking state between the locking member 32 and the detection bar 31 is released, the string 33 is pulled by the weight of the display plate 35, and the locking member 32 is caught by the pulley portion 34. To stop. Therefore, the display board 35 is held in a stopped state after reaching the display position dropped from the opening 36 and exposed to the outside from the case 30.

  In the above example, the detection bar 31 is broken by the detection sphere 23 to perform detection. However, as shown in FIG. 6, a rotation plate 37 is provided at a point where the detection sphere 23 falls from the guide tube 26. The rotation plate 37 is set to move up and down when the detection sphere 23 collides with the rotation plate 37. A locking claw 37 a is formed at the tip of the rotating plate 37 so as to bend upward. The locking bar 38 is hooked on the locking claw 37 a and the locking bar 38 is pulled by the string 33. With this configuration, the locking bar 38 comes off due to the vertical movement of the rotating plate 37, but it can be easily reset by hooking the locking bar 38 on the rotating plate 37 again. Become.

  When the operation experiment which inclines a mounting board using the slope variation detection apparatus regarding embodiment described above was carried out, it was confirmed that an inclination | tilt angle operate | moves in about 500 second. When the detection angle is 500 seconds, the displacement is about 2.4 to 4.8 mm when the turning radius is 1 to 2 m (a size comparable to a falling rock). Can do.

  In addition, when an operation experiment was performed by combining various materials for the mounting plate and the detection sphere, the surface of the mounting plate was made of a smooth and hard material such as a tempered glass that was not easily damaged. By using a high-strength material such as zirconia, the tilt angle operated in 100 seconds to 300 seconds, and it was confirmed that the detection accuracy was improved. And even if it uses for a long period of time by using such a material, degradation, such as a rust, does not arise, but it can be set as the slope fluctuation | variation detection apparatus excellent in durability with the detection accuracy maintained.

  The rolling plate installed on the detection sphere is preferably a disc-shaped plate, and the larger the weight, the better the detection accuracy. In addition, the larger the rolling plate size, the higher the detection accuracy. However, as described above, if the material of the mounting plate and the detection sphere is selected so as to increase the detection accuracy, the rolling accuracy can be increased. Even if the size of the plate is reduced, a decrease in detection accuracy can be suppressed, and the apparatus can be made compact.

  The slope change detection device according to the present invention allows the display board 35 to be viewed from a location away from the slope by exposing the display board 35 to the outside, and reliably determines that the slope has changed. It becomes possible. No electrical energy is used for the operation of the above devices, there is no problem of non-operation due to running out of battery, etc., and it is possible to detect slope fluctuations with a simple structure using inexpensive materials. Even if many are installed, the cost burden can be reduced. Therefore, it can be installed at many locations on the same slope, or can be installed at many slopes, and it is possible to accurately monitor slope fluctuations over a wide range. And since it can confirm reliably with a display board even if it leaves | separates from an installation place, monitoring work can be performed easily.

  In addition, the slope fluctuation detecting device according to the present invention has a configuration in which a rolling plate is installed on the detection sphere, so that it works as a seismic isolation structure against ground vibration such as earthquake motion. Malfunction due to vibration can be prevented. As a result of vibration tests on the device, it was confirmed that no malfunction occurred for vibrations with a seismic intensity of about 3.

It is a schematic sectional drawing regarding embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view regarding embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a partially expanded perspective view of a detection mechanism. It is explanatory drawing regarding the operation state of embodiment. It is explanatory drawing regarding the detection operation of embodiment. It is a partially expanded perspective view regarding the modification of a detection mechanism.

Explanation of symbols

1 Slope change detection device 2 Actuation mechanism 3 Detection mechanism
17 Fine adjustment screw
18 Mounting plate
19 Mounting table
21 sphere
22 Rolling plate
23 detection sphere
31 Detection bar
35 Display board

Claims (4)

  A base installed on and fixed to the slope; a leveling mechanism for adjusting the planar mounting surface provided on the base to a horizontal state; A moving body that moves by tilting the surface, a rolling plate that is placed in contact with the moving body, a detection sphere that is arranged to roll on the upper surface of the rolling plate, and the detection sphere A slope change detection device comprising: a detection mechanism for detecting a fall from the rolling plate.   The slope change detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the moving body is composed of three or more sphere groups having the same size and arranged to roll on the placement surface.   The slope change detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal adjustment mechanism includes three adjustment screws attached to a mounting plate on which the mounting surface is formed.   The detection mechanism includes a display plate movable to a display position exposed to the outside, and the display plate is moved to and held at the display position in conjunction with the fall of the detection sphere. The slope fluctuation detecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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