TWI514602B - Can be a combination of two-way combination of solar modules - Google Patents

Description

Solar battery module capable of bidirectional arrangement

The invention relates to a solar cell module, in particular to a solar cell module capable of bidirectionally arranging and combining, so that each of the solar cell modules can be arranged and assembled on a plane in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, and then specially made. The connector is respectively connected to the corresponding contact point thereof, that is, an integral battery module of a predetermined shape and size can be formed, and the working voltage outputted by each group of positive and negative contacts can be adjusted for use by different loads to effectively Enhance the flexibility of its application, and greatly expand its use of the field, and thus easily realize the environmental benefits of energy saving and carbon reduction.

According to the 19th century, it was discovered that the action of sunlight on the material would produce a "photovoltaic" reaction. In 1849, the term "photo-voltaic" (photovoltaic) appeared in English, which means The resulting electromotive force, however, as late as the 1950s, with the scientific understanding of semiconductor physics and the advancement of semiconductor processing technology, Bell Labs began to find a certain amount in the sputum. After the impurities, the semiconductor is more sensitive to light. According to this, the first practical solar cell was born in Bell Labs in 1954, and the era of solar cells began. In the early 1960s, the United States first used solar cells as a source of energy on the launched satellites. In the 1970s, when the energy crisis occurred, countries around the world began to transfer solar cells to the general people's livelihood because they realized the importance of energy development. Use. At present, countries around the world have not only used solar cells in large quantities, but also plan to develop solar cells toward commercialization goals in order to achieve environmental benefits of energy conservation and carbon reduction.

Investigate that a solar cell is a "photovoltaic device" for converting light energy into electrical energy. Its basic structure is formed by bonding P-type and N-type semiconductors. The most basic material of a semiconductor is "矽", which is not conductive. However, if a different type of impurity is mixed therein, a P-type and an N-type semiconductor can be fabricated, and a hole in the P-type semiconductor is used. (Because the P-type semiconductor has one negatively charged electron, it can be regarded as much a positive charge), with a free electron on the N-type semiconductor The potential is generated to generate a current. Therefore, when sunlight is irradiated to the semiconductor, the light energy excites electrons in the germanium atom to generate convection between the electron and the hole, and the electrons and holes are received. The influence of the built potential is attracted by the N-type and P-type semiconductors, and is concentrated at both ends. At this time, the electrodes are connected externally to form a loop, which is the basic principle of solar cell power generation. In short, the principle of power generation of "photovoltaic elements" is to absorb the light energy of the wavelength of 0.4μm to 1.1μm (the main light wave that can be absorbed by the twins) in the sunlight by the "photoelectric element", so that the twins can directly direct the light energy. A form of power generation that turns into electrical energy output. Since the electricity generated by the solar cell is direct current, if it is necessary to supply power to various household or industrial appliances, it is necessary to install a direct/alternative converter and convert it into an alternating current to be used as a household or industrial power source. .

At present, there are many kinds of materials used in solar cells, such as amorphous germanium, polycrystalline germanium, CdTe, CuInxGa(1-x)Se2, etc., or materials of three-five and two-membered elemental chains. After the light is irradiated, it is the material that can be used for the solar cell. The type of solar cell can be divided into a substrate (Silicon Based) or a thin film (Thin Film) type, and the substrate type solar cell can be divided into a single crystal type, or a solution, and then cooled into a polycrystalline block, and a thin film type solar cell. Amorphous germanium is more commonly used in the process, and can be made into a curvature, a deflection, or a folded type, so that it can be better combined with a building.

Taking a conventional solar cell module of a substrate type as an example, the basic cross-sectional structure of the photovoltaic element 10 is generally as shown in FIG. 1 . First, a P-type germanium 11 doped with a small amount of boron atoms is used as a substrate. Then, using a high-temperature thermal diffusion method, phosphorus having a concentration slightly higher than boron is doped into the top surface of the P-type substrate to form an N-type 矽12 on the top surface of the P-type substrate, thus, in the N-type 矽12 and A P-type yoke is formed between the P-type 嗣11, and an anti-reflective coating 13 is grown on the top surface of the N-type 矽12 to effectively reduce the reflection of sunlight from the surface of the ruthenium. Ratio, finally, a negative electrode 14 and a positive electrode 15 are formed on the top surface of the N-type crucible 12 and the bottom surface of the P-type crucible 11 (ie, the front surface and the back surface of the photovoltaic element 10), thereby forming the photovoltaic element. The main body of 10. In general, as shown in FIG. 2, the conventional solar cell module 20 includes a photovoltaic group 21, a light transmissive protective layer 22, a reflective protective layer 23, a tempered glass 24, and a plastic template 25, wherein The photoelectric group 21 is composed of a plurality of photoelectric elements 211, and the positive and negative electrodes adjacent to the photoelectric elements 211 are electrically connected in series to each other in order to form the photovoltaic group 21 in a flat shape, and in the photoelectric A positive electrode 212 is formed at each end of the group 21 And a negative electrode 213; the light-transmissive protective layer 22 is disposed on the front surface of the photovoltaic group 21 to protect the photovoltaic elements 211, and to ensure that solar energy is irradiated to the photovoltaic elements 211, and the photovoltaic elements are 211 is converted into electrical energy; the reflective protective layer 23 is disposed on the back surface of the photovoltaic group 21 to protect the photovoltaic elements 211, and to ensure that the solar energy irradiated to the photovoltaic elements 211 is not lost; the strengthened glass 24 The bottom surface is attached to the top surface of the transparent protective layer 22 to support and protect the structure of the photoelectric group 21; the plastic template 25 is composed of a plurality of layers of plastic, and the top surface of the plastic template 25 is attached to the reflective protective layer 23 The bottom surface is also used to support and protect the structure of the photovoltaic group 21. However, since the photoelectric elements 211 adjacent to each other in the conventional solar cell module 20 are connected in series with the positive and negative electrodes, the photovoltaic elements 211 can be electrically connected in sequence, so that, for example, the third The equivalent circuit diagram of the photovoltaic elements 311 in the conventional solar battery module 30 shown in the figure, because a conventional solar battery module (such as 20 shown in FIG. 2) forms a positive electrode only at both ends of the longitudinal direction thereof. And a negative electrode (such as 212 and 213 shown in FIG. 2), therefore, the plurality of conventional solar cell modules 30 can only be arranged and connected sequentially along the longitudinal direction thereof, and assembled into a plane, and can only be in the plane. A positive electrode 312 and a negative electrode 313 are formed at both ends for connection to a load, which greatly limits the flexibility and field of application.

Therefore, how to improve the conventional solar cell module so that each of the solar cell modules can be easily arranged in a bidirectional direction along the X (horizontal) and Y (longitudinal) axes to form a plane (X and Y axes are formed). In the plane), an integral battery module of different shapes and sizes can be formed according to actual needs, and the different working voltages can be adjusted according to actual requirements, and respectively supplied to different loads to effectively improve the application flexibility, and The expansion of its field of use, and the environmental goals of energy conservation and carbon reduction, can be more easily implemented in daily life, which is an important issue that the present invention is intended to solve.

In view of the aforementioned shortcomings of the traditional solar cell module, the inventor, after years of practical experience, has continuously researched, tested and improved, finally designed a solar cell module capable of bidirectional arrangement, and ordered the solar cell module. Can be more easily applied in daily life.

An object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module capable of bidirectional arrangement, comprising a photovoltaic group, a light transmissive protective layer and a circuit board, wherein the photoelectric group is composed of plural a photovoltaic element (ie, a silicon wafer of a solar cell), wherein the positive and negative electrodes of the adjacent photoelectric elements are electrically connected in series in series to form a photovoltaic group of the flat shape, and A positive electrode and a negative electrode are respectively formed on both ends of the photoelectric group; the light-transmissive protective layer is coated on the front surface of the photoelectric group to protect the photoelectric elements, and the solar energy is irradiated to the photoelectric elements, and Converted into electrical energy by the photoelectric elements; the configuration of the circuit board corresponds to the configuration of the photoelectric group and the transparent protective layer, and the top surface of the circuit board is attached to the back of the photoelectric group to borrow The circuit board supports the structure of the photoelectric group. The circuit board is formed by combining an upper layer circuit, a resin substrate and a lower layer circuit from top to bottom, wherein the upper layer circuit is electrically connected to the lower layer circuit. And the circuit layout thereon can be electrically connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, respectively, so that the photoelectric elements can pass through the upper layer circuit to form an electrical connection with the circuit layout of the lower layer circuit, and the electrical circuit of the lower layer circuit Forming a plurality of layout-based set of contacts adjacent to the position of its periphery, each set of contacts comprising a combination of positive and negative contacts, the combination of two positive or two negative contacts of contacts. In this way, a plurality of solar cell modules can be easily arranged in a bidirectional direction along the X (horizontal) and Y (longitudinal) axes, and assembled into a plane formed by the X and Y axes, and then a special connector is respectively used. By connecting the corresponding contacts (ie, the abutment between the positive and negative contacts), an integral battery module of one of different shapes and sizes can be formed.

Another object of the present invention is that the system can easily adjust the circuit layout of the upper layer circuit and the lower layer circuit to adjust the connection patterns between the groups of contacts on the lower layer circuit and the photoelectric elements. The connection state further enables each group of positive and negative contacts on the lower layer circuit to respectively provide an operating voltage for use by a load.

Another object of the present invention is that the manufacturer can design the circuit board into a polygonal (eg, triangular, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, etc.) plate body according to actual needs, and the circuit layout of the lower layer circuit can be adjacent to the periphery thereof. At least one set of contacts is formed on each side, and each set of contacts includes a combination of positive and negative contacts, two positive contacts or two negative contacts. Thus, the solar cell modules of the present invention can be easily assembled in a bidirectional manner along the X and Y axes to the plane formed by the X and Y axes.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a reflective protective layer covering the back surface of the photovoltaic group to protect the photovoltaic device. Components and ensuring sunlight that illuminates the optoelectronic components The top surface of the circuit board is attached to the bottom surface of the reflective protective layer to support the structure of the photovoltaic group.

Accordingly, the solar cell module of the present invention can not only effectively enhance the flexibility of its application, but also greatly expand its use field. For example, in daily life applications, the user can easily and directly use the solar cell module. The front side is attached to the inside of the general household glass window or the glass curtain of the building. At this time, the solar cell modules can be supported by the strength of the glass window or the glass curtain itself, without the need to use tempered glass as usual. Not only can the manufacturing cost and weight of the solar cell module of the present invention be greatly reduced, but also because of its fast and two-way assembly characteristics, the environmental protection problem of energy saving and carbon reduction can be more easily implemented in daily life, rather than only It is a slogan that is out of reach.

In order that the review committee can have a better understanding and understanding of the technical, structural features and purposes of the present invention, several embodiments are described in conjunction with the drawings, which are described in detail as follows:

[study]

10, 211, 311‧‧‧ photoelectric components

11‧‧‧P type

12‧‧‧N type

13‧‧‧Anti-reflection film

14,213, 313‧‧‧ negative electrode

15, 212, 312‧‧ positive electrodes

20, 30‧‧‧ solar battery module

21‧‧‧Photoelectric group

22‧‧‧Light protective layer

23‧‧‧reflective protective layer

24‧‧‧Strengthened glass

25‧‧‧Plastic template

〔this invention〕

40‧‧‧Solar battery module

401‧‧‧ positive contact

402‧‧‧negative contact

41‧‧‧Photoelectric group

411‧‧‧Optoelectronic components

414‧‧‧ positive electrode

415‧‧‧ negative electrode

42‧‧‧Light protective layer

43‧‧‧ boards

431‧‧‧Upper Circuit

432‧‧‧Resin substrate

433‧‧‧lower circuit

44‧‧‧reflective protective layer

50‧‧‧Connector

60‧‧‧Integrated battery module

1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a conventional photovoltaic element; FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a conventional solar cell module; and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of the photovoltaic element in a conventional solar cell module; A schematic cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the solar cell module of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a perspective photograph of the back side of the solar cell module of the present invention; and FIG. 6 is assembled by using four solar cell modules of the present invention. A schematic diagram of the back side of one of the integrated battery modules is completed; and FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention provides a solar cell module that can be arranged in a bidirectional arrangement. Referring to FIG. 4, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell module 40 includes a photoelectric group 41 and a light transmission protection. The layer 42 and a circuit board 43, wherein the photoelectric group 41 is composed of a plurality of photovoltaic elements 411 (ie, a silicon wafer of a solar cell), and the positive and negative electrodes of the adjacent photoelectric elements 411 are connected in series with each other. The method is electrically connected in sequence to form the photovoltaic group 41 in the form of a flat plate, and a positive electrode 414 and a negative electrode 415 are respectively formed on both ends of the photoelectric group 41; The protective layer 42 is made of a plastic material of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or a polymer material of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer). Covering the front surface of the photovoltaic group 41 to protect the photovoltaic elements 411, ensuring that solar energy is irradiated to the photovoltaic elements 411, and converted into electrical energy by the photoelectric elements 411; the configuration of the circuit board 43 corresponds to The top surface of the circuit board 43 is attached to the back surface of the photoelectric group 41, and can be used to support the structure of the photoelectric group 41. The circuit board 43 is self-supporting. The lower layer circuit 431 is electrically connected to the lower layer circuit 433, and the circuit layout thereon can be respectively associated with the upper layer circuit 431 and the lower layer circuit 433. The positive electrode 414 and the negative electrode 415 are electrically connected to each other, so that the photovoltaic element 411 can pass through the upper layer circuit 431 to form an electrical connection with the circuit layout of the lower layer circuit 433. Please refer to the solar cell module shown in FIG. The photo on the back of the group, The circuit layout of the lower layer circuit 433 of the circuit board 43 forms a complex array of contacts adjacent to the periphery thereof, and each set of contacts includes a combination of a positive contact 401 and a negative contact 402, and a combination of two positive contacts 401. Or a combination of two negative contacts 402.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, in the preferred embodiment, the circuit board 43 is a plate body having a polygonal shape (for example, a square shown in FIG. 5), wherein the circuit layout of the lower layer circuit 433 Forming at least one set of contacts on each side adjacent to the periphery thereof, each set of contacts includes a combination of a positive contact 401 and a negative contact 402, a combination of two positive contacts 401 or two negative contacts 402 combination. In this way, the operator can easily adjust the set of contacts on the lower layer circuit 433 and the optoelectronic components by designing the circuit layout of the upper layer circuit 431 and the lower layer circuit 433 in different connection configurations according to actual data requirements. The connection relationship between the 411s further enables each set of contacts (ie, a combination of a positive contact 401 and a negative contact 402) on the lower layer circuit 433 to provide an operating voltage for use by a load; or Each group of contacts on the lower layer circuit 433 (ie, a combination of two positive electrode contacts 401 or two negative electrode contacts 402), as shown in FIG. 6, can correspond to each of the adjacent lower layer circuits 433. The group of contacts (ie, the combination of the two negative contacts 402 or the two positive contacts 401) are connected in series or in parallel to each other, thereby enabling the solar cell modules to be easily bidirectional along the X (horizontal) and Y (longitudinal) axes. They are arranged to be assembled on one of the planes formed by the X and Y axes.

According to the above, it is only one specific embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is The actual application is not limited thereto, and the solar cell module and the circuit board thereon can also be fabricated into other polygonal plates, such as triangular, rectangular or trapezoidal plates, according to actual needs.俾In order to increase its elasticity in alignment and assembly, it can be easily arranged in different directions along the X and Y axes, and assembled on different planes formed by the X and Y axes. For details, please refer to Figure 6, and then The integrated connector 50 is connected to the corresponding contacts 401, 402, respectively, to form an integral battery module 60 of different shapes and sizes as desired.

Referring to another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7, in the other embodiment, the solar cell module 40 of the present invention further includes a reflective protective layer 44, which is also made of PET. (polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate) plasticized material or EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) polymer material, etc., and coated on the back of the photovoltaic group 41 Protecting the optoelectronic components 411 and ensuring that the solar energy that is irradiated to the optoelectronic components 411 is not lost; the configuration of the circuit board 43 corresponds to the optoelectronic group 41, the light transmissive protective layer 42 and the reflection protection The top surface of the circuit board 43 is attached to the bottom surface of the reflective protective layer 44. The upper circuit 431 of the circuit board 43 is electrically connected to the lower layer circuit 433, and the circuit layout of the upper layer circuit 431 is formed. The positive electrode 414 and the negative electrode 415 at both ends of the photoelectric group 41 can be electrically connected to each other, and the photovoltaic elements 411 can be transmitted through the upper layer circuit 431 to be electrically connected to the circuit layout of the lower layer circuit 433.

Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 4-6, each of the solar cell modules 40 of the present invention can be designed into various polygonal plates according to actual needs, and the upper circuit 431 and the lower layer of the circuit board 43 are provided. The circuit 433 can also be designed into different circuit layouts according to actual needs. Therefore, when the solar cell module 40 of the present invention is to be installed in a general household glass window or a glass curtain of a building, only the glass window or the glass is required. The shape and size of the curtain, and selecting the appropriate number and size of the solar cell module 40, can easily arrange the solar cell modules 40 to the window or glass curtain along the X and Y axis directions of the window or the curtain. In the plane formed on the inner side, the corresponding connector 50 is connected to the corresponding contact points 401, 402 respectively, that is, one of the different shapes and sizes required to form the integral battery module 60 on the inner side of the glass window or the glass curtain. And the plurality of sets of positive and negative contacts 401 and 402 respectively formed on each side of the integrated battery module 60 can respectively supply different working voltages generated by the battery module 60 to different loads.

In summary, the solar cell module of the present invention can be adapted to actual needs. It is made into different shapes and sizes, and can be easily arranged in two directions along the X (horizontal) and Y (longitudinal) axes. It is arranged to be assembled into the plane formed by the X and Y axes, and can be formed by the plural formed by each side. The positive and negative contacts 401 and 402 provide different operating voltages generated by the optoelectronic components 411 to different loads, thereby not only effectively improving the application flexibility, but also because the solar cell modules are through windows or The support of the strength of the curtain glass itself, without the need to use tempered glass as usual, can significantly reduce its manufacturing cost and weight, making environmental protection issues of energy saving and carbon reduction easier to achieve in daily life.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the claims of the present invention is not limited thereto, and according to those skilled in the art, according to the technical content disclosed in the present invention, Equivalent changes that are easily considered are within the scope of protection of the invention.

40‧‧‧Solar battery module

41‧‧‧Photoelectric group

411‧‧‧Optoelectronic components

414‧‧‧ positive electrode

415‧‧‧ negative electrode

42‧‧‧Light protective layer

43‧‧‧ boards

431‧‧‧Upper Circuit

432‧‧‧Resin substrate

433‧‧‧lower circuit

Claims (6)

A solar cell module capable of bidirectionally arranging and comprising: a photoelectric group consisting of a plurality of photoelectric elements, wherein adjacent positive and negative electrodes of the photoelectric elements are electrically connected in series to each other in order to form a photovoltaic element in the form of a flat plate, and a positive electrode and a negative electrode are respectively formed on both ends of the photoelectric group; a transparent protective layer is disposed on the front surface of the photoelectric group to protect the photoelectric components and ensure The solar light is irradiated to the photovoltaic elements and converted into electrical energy by the photoelectric elements; and a circuit board is a polygonal plate body, the configuration of which corresponds to the configuration of the photoelectric group and the light transmissive protective layer. The top surface is attached to the back surface of the photoelectric group, and can be used to support the structure of the photoelectric group. The circuit board is composed of an upper layer circuit, a resin substrate and a lower layer circuit in sequence from top to bottom. The upper layer circuit is electrically connected to the lower layer circuit, and the circuit layout thereon is electrically connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so that the photoelectric elements can pass through the upper layer circuit and the lower layer circuit The circuit layout forms an electrical connection, and the circuit layout of the lower layer circuit forms at least one set of contacts respectively adjacent to each of its peripheral edges, and each set of contacts includes a combination of a positive contact and a negative contact, and two positive contacts Combination of the two or two negative contacts. The solar cell module of claim 1, wherein the lower layer circuit has a set of contacts having different polarities formed on each side adjacent to the periphery thereof to provide an operating voltage for use by a load. The solar cell module of claim 1, wherein the lower layer circuit has a set of contacts of the same polarity formed on each side adjacent to the periphery thereof and can be associated with each of the adjacent lower layer circuits. The points are connected in series or in parallel. A solar cell module capable of bidirectionally arranging and combining comprises: a photoelectric group, which is composed of a plurality of photovoltaic elements of a solar cell, and adjacent positive and negative electrodes of the photoelectric elements are electrically connected in series according to each other. Forming the photovoltaic group in the form of a flat plate, and forming a positive electrode and a negative electrode respectively at two ends of the photoelectric group; a light transmissive protective layer is disposed on the front surface of the photoelectric group to protect the photoelectric elements And ensuring that solar light is irradiated to the photovoltaic elements and converted into electrical energy by the photovoltaic elements; a reflective protective layer is applied over the back side of the photovoltaic group to protect the photovoltaic elements and to ensure illumination The solar energy of the photovoltaic element is not lost; and a circuit board is a polygonal plate body, and the configuration thereof corresponds to the configuration of the photoelectric group, the transparent protective layer and the reflective protective layer, and the top surface of the circuit board is attached The bottom surface of the reflective protective layer can be used to support the structure of the photoelectric group, and the circuit board is sequentially composed of an upper layer circuit, a resin substrate and a lower layer circuit from top to bottom, wherein the upper layer The circuit system is electrically connected to the lower layer circuit, and the circuit layout thereon is electrically connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, respectively, so that the photoelectric elements can pass through the upper layer circuit and form a circuit layout with the lower layer circuit. Electrically connected, the circuit layout of the lower layer circuit forms at least one set of contacts on each side adjacent to its circumference, and each group is connected The point includes a combination of a positive contact and a negative contact, a combination of two positive contacts, or a combination of two negative contacts. The solar cell module of claim 4, wherein the lower layer circuit has a set of contacts of different polarities formed on each side adjacent to the periphery thereof to provide an operating voltage for use by a load. The solar cell module of claim 4, wherein the lower layer circuit has a set of contacts of the same polarity formed on each side adjacent to the periphery thereof and can be associated with each of the adjacent lower layer circuits. The points are connected in series or in parallel.