TWI506272B - Method and system of image reconstruction and method and system of image construction - Google Patents

Description

Image reconstruction method and system and image construction method and system

The invention relates to an image reconstruction method and system and image construction method and system

According to medical research on cancer risk factors, for example, according to medical research on breast cancer risk factors, the most risky breast cancer risk factor is breast density. Breast density can be divided into six levels of 0, <10%, 10~25%, 25~50%, 50~75%, and >75%. As the density of the breast increases, the risk of developing breast cancer is higher.

Photography of patients (including humans or animals) on the affected area (where the lesion is likely to occur, not limited to a specific site) can help the physician determine if the patient is suffering from cancer. For example, mammography for women can help doctors determine whether a woman has breast cancer. According to the statistical results, the proportion of breast cancer in situ detected by mammography is about 20% of all types of breast cancer, and 90% of the zero-stage breast carcinoma in situ is a small calcification point. Calcification points usually appear in the glands of the breast. Of course However, in high-density breasts, calcifications and glands are highly absorbent substances, and the two often overlap. Therefore, it is difficult to distinguish the difference between the calcification point and the gland by using the current mammography to capture the two-dimensional X-ray image, thereby reducing the correct rate of the physician's diagnosis.

In general, computer tomography can be used to more accurately know the structure inside the affected part. For example, computer tomography can be used to more accurately understand the internal structure of the breast. However, computed tomography scans a breast from multiple directions to obtain a two-dimensional image of multiple breasts. Then, these two-dimensional images are reconstructed into a three-dimensional image of the breast through computer simulation. Although the use of computed tomography provides more accurate information on the internal structure of the breast, computer tomography requires multiple X-ray images of women, which allows women to receive high doses of radiation, thereby increasing the risk of cancer in women.

An image reconstruction method according to an embodiment of the present invention is used to reconstruct an image of a sample to be tested. The image reconstruction method includes the following steps. When the object to be tested is not disposed in the measurement space, the plurality of first intensity images of the electromagnetic waves passing through the measurement space at a plurality of different photon energies are respectively measured. When the object to be tested is disposed in the measurement space, a plurality of second intensity images of the electromagnetic waves passing through the object to be tested are respectively measured at the energy of the photons. Providing data of a database, wherein the data of the database includes an attenuation coefficient of each of the plurality of substances having a plurality of components under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to each photon energy, and each substance corresponding to the photon energy The electromagnetic wave transmits the thickness in the direction. root The plurality of attenuation images corresponding to the components are respectively calculated according to the data of the database, the plurality of first intensity images, and the plurality of second intensity images.

An image reconstruction system according to an embodiment of the present invention is used to reconstruct an image of a sample to be tested. The image reconstruction system includes an electromagnetic wave providing unit, an electromagnetic wave detector, and a processing unit. The electromagnetic wave providing unit supplies electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic wave detector measures a plurality of first intensity images of the electromagnetic waves passing through the measurement space under a plurality of different photon energies when the measurement object is not configured with the object to be tested. A plurality of second intensity images of the electromagnetic waves passing through the object under test at the photon energy are measured when the object to be tested is disposed in the measurement space. The data of the database includes an attenuation coefficient of each of the plurality of substances having a plurality of components under the electromagnetic wave irradiation corresponding to each photon energy, and each substance in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction corresponding to the photon energy thickness. The processing unit calculates a plurality of attenuation image corresponding to the components of the object to be tested according to the data of the database, the plurality of first intensity images, and the plurality of second intensity images.

An image construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention is used to construct an image of a sample to be tested. The image construction method includes the following steps. A pulsed electromagnetic beam is provided. Using a pulsed electromagnetic beam to scan a plurality of blocks to be tested, wherein when the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially zero, the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is relative to one of the blocks to be tested. Moving to the other of the blocks to be tested, and when the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially non-zero, the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is maintained substantially stationary relative to the object under test. When the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beams respectively stay in the block to be tested, the plurality of intensities of the electromagnetic beams passing through the blocks to be tested are respectively measured. Record the correspondence between these intensities and the blocks to be tested. Use this These intensities and corresponding relationships construct an image of the object to be tested.

An image construction system according to an embodiment of the present invention is used to construct an image of a sample to be tested. The image construction system includes a pulsed electromagnetic beam providing unit, a control unit, an electromagnetic wave detector, and a processing unit. The pulsed electromagnetic beam providing unit includes a pulsed electromagnetic wave source and a collimator. The pulsed electromagnetic wave source provides pulsed electromagnetic waves. The collimator is disposed on the transmission path of the pulsed electromagnetic wave. The collimator has holes. Part of the pulsed electromagnetic wave passes through the hole of the collimator to form a pulsed electromagnetic beam. The control unit causes the pulsed electromagnetic beam to scan a plurality of blocks to be tested of the object to be tested by moving the collimator. When the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially zero, the control unit moves the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam from one of the blocks to be tested to the other of the blocks to be tested. When the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially non-zero, the control unit maintains the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam substantially stationary relative to the object under test. When the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beams respectively stay in the blocks to be tested, the electromagnetic wave detector respectively measures the plurality of intensities of the electromagnetic beams passing through the blocks to be tested. The processing unit records the correspondence between these intensities and the blocks to be tested, and uses these intensities and the corresponding relationships to construct an image of the object to be tested.

The above described features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description.

100, 100A‧‧ image reconstruction system

100B‧‧‧Image Construction System

110, 110A‧‧‧Electromagnetic wave supply unit

110a‧‧‧pulse electromagnetic wave source

112‧‧‧X-ray tube

114‧‧‧Power supply

116‧‧‧ collimator

120, 120A‧‧‧ electromagnetic wave detector

130‧‧‧Control unit

140, 140A‧‧‧ processing unit

150‧‧‧Information Providing Unit

160‧‧‧ Filter unit

170‧‧‧First institution

172, 182‧‧ Track

174, 184‧‧‧ drive motor

180‧‧‧Second institution

210, 220‧‧‧ transmission pipeline

A, A ₀ , A ₁ , A _r ‧‧‧ sensing pixels

E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M ‧‧‧ photon energy

H1‧‧‧ hole

H2‧‧‧ Sensing Area

I ₁ ‧‧‧fixed current

I _r (E ₁ ), I _r (E ₂ )...I _r (E _M )‧‧‧ intensity

M‧‧‧ screen

O‧‧‧Test object

O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r ‧‧‧ blocks to be tested

S1, S2, S10, S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16, S20, S30, S40, S50, S60, S70, S1O0, S110, S120, S2O0, S210, S220, S300, S310, S320, S321, Steps S322, S323, S324, S510, S520, S530, S540, S550‧‧

S‧‧‧Measurement space

S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r ‧‧‧ measurement subspace

T‧‧‧measurement period

X‧‧‧Electromagnetic waves

X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _r ‧‧‧ electromagnetic beam

x _r ‧‧‧pulse electromagnetic beam

X‧‧‧pulse electromagnetic waves

FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing an image reconstruction method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows an image reconstruction system of the first embodiment of the present invention.

3 illustrates a plurality of intensities of an electromagnetic beam measured by a sensing pixel at a plurality of photon energies, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between tube current and time of an X-ray tube in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing an image reconstruction method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 shows an image reconstruction system of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an image construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an image construction system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First embodiment

FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing an image reconstruction method according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The image reconstruction method of this embodiment is used to reconstruct an image of the object to be tested. In the present embodiment, the object to be tested is, for example, a human breast. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the analyte may be a specific part or whole of various organisms (including humans, animals, plants) and abiotics.

Referring to FIG. 1, the image reconstruction method of this embodiment includes steps S100, S200, and S300. It should be noted that the order of steps S100, S200, and S300 can be appropriately changed. For example, steps S200, S100, and S300 may be sequentially performed. The image reconstruction method and image reconstruction system of the present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 at the same time. First, provide the data of the database. data The data of the library includes the attenuation coefficient of each of the plurality of substances having a plurality of components under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the plurality of different photon energies, and the thickness of each substance in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction corresponding to the photon energy. (Step S200). In detail, the method of providing database data includes the following steps. First, according to which N components of the plurality of attenuation images of the object to be detected O are to be selected, a plurality of substances respectively having the N components are selected (step 210), wherein N is greater than 0. Integer. Then, the attenuation coefficient of each of the plurality of substances having the N components respectively under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the plurality of different photon energies and the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the photon energy of each substance are extracted from the database. The thickness in the transfer direction (step 220). For example, when the object to be tested is a breast, and the three attenuation images corresponding to the fat, the breast, and the calcification point (ie, the lesion) are respectively obtained, the data may be selected from the database to provide fat, breast, and calcification, respectively. The attenuation coefficient of the three substances of the point under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to at least three different photon energies and the thickness of each substance in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction corresponding to the photon energy.

Specifically, the image reconstruction system 100 of the present embodiment may optionally include a material providing unit 150. The data providing unit 150 can provide the data of the database described in the above paragraph. The image reconstruction system 100 can determine which of the plurality of substances having the N kinds of components respectively are obtained by the data providing unit 150 by the plurality of attenuation amount images of the object to be detected O to be obtained. The attenuation coefficient of electromagnetic waves corresponding to different photon energies and the thickness of each substance in the direction of electromagnetic wave transmission corresponding to the photon energy. In this embodiment, the data providing unit 150 can be a network unit, and the network unit can be downloaded from the network and has various types. The attenuation coefficient of each of the plurality of substances of the component under the electromagnetic wave irradiation corresponding to each photon energy and the thickness of each substance in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction corresponding to the photon energy. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In another embodiment of the present invention, the data providing unit 150 may also be a storage unit that can store each of a plurality of substances having a plurality of components in a plurality of different photons. The attenuation coefficient of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the energy and the thickness of each substance in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction corresponding to the photon energy. In another embodiment of the present invention, the data providing unit 150 may also be an input interface, and the input interface is configured for the user to input electromagnetic waves corresponding to each of the plurality of substances having multiple components in a plurality of different photon energies. The attenuation coefficient under illumination and the thickness of each substance in the direction of electromagnetic wave transmission corresponding to the energy of the photon.

Next, when the measurement object O is not configured with the object to be tested O, a plurality of first intensity images of the electromagnetic waves passing through the measurement space S at a plurality of different photon energies are respectively measured; and the object to be tested O is disposed at When the space S is measured, a plurality of second intensity images of the electromagnetic waves X passing through the object O to be measured at the plurality of photon energies are measured (step S100). Specifically, the image reconstruction system 100 of the present embodiment includes an electromagnetic wave detector 120. Before measuring the plurality of first intensity images and the plurality of second intensity images, the electromagnetic wave detector 120 may be first set to M sensing intervals (step S110). M is a positive integer greater than or equal to N. In other words, the number of sensing intervals set by the electromagnetic wave detector 120 may be greater than or equal to the number of attenuation images corresponding to the plurality of components to be obtained. Then, when the measurement object O is not disposed in the measurement space S, the electromagnetic wave X passing through the measurement space S is measured under M different photon energies respectively. a plurality of first intensity images, and when the object to be tested O is disposed in the measurement space S, measuring a plurality of second intensity images of the electromagnetic wave X passing through the object to be tested O at the M photon energies respectively (step S120) .

In detail, as shown in FIG. 2, the object to be tested O can be divided into a plurality of blocks to be tested O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r . The measurement space S can be divided into a plurality of measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r . The blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r to be tested are respectively set in the measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r . The image reconstruction system 100 of the present embodiment includes an electromagnetic wave providing unit 110. The electromagnetic wave providing unit 110 is for supplying an electromagnetic wave X. The electromagnetic wave X comprises a plurality of electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _r , wherein the electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _r respectively pass through the corresponding measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r . The steps of measuring the plurality of first intensity images of the electromagnetic waves X in the measurement space S under a plurality of different photon energies are as follows: the measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _{r are} not configured to be tested When the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r , the electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _r passing through the respective measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r are measured in a plurality of photon energies An intensity. The plurality of first intensities of the electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ . . . , X _r in each of the plurality of photon energies respectively form a plurality of first intensity images in the upper segment. In the above section, when the object to be tested O is disposed in the measurement space S, the step of measuring the plurality of second intensity images of the electromagnetic wave X passing through the object to be tested O at a plurality of different photon energies is: in the area to be tested When the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r are respectively set in the plurality of measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r , the electromagnetic beam X ₀ passing through each of the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _{r to} be measured is measured. And a plurality of second intensities of X ₁ ... X _r at a plurality of photon energies. Wherein, the plurality of second intensities of the electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _{r of} each of the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r to be subjected to the plurality of photon energies respectively constitute the plurality of second intensity images described above .

In this embodiment, the plurality of electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _{r can be} simultaneously passed through the measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r , and simultaneously measured through the measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _r a plurality of first intensities at a plurality of photon energies. The plurality of electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _{r can be} simultaneously passed through the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r , respectively , and simultaneously measure each electromagnetic beam X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _r through the area to be tested block O _0, O ₁ ... at a plurality of second intensity of the plurality of photon energy O _r.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the electromagnetic wave providing unit 110 of the present embodiment supplies an electromagnetic wave X. The electromagnetic wave X includes a plurality of electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _r . The electromagnetic wave detector 120 of the present embodiment has a plurality of sensing pixels A corresponding to the plurality of measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ . . . S _r . The electromagnetic wave providing unit 110 of the present embodiment can simultaneously emit a plurality of electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ . . . , X _r . The plurality of sensing pixels A of the electromagnetic wave detector 120 can simultaneously measure the plurality of electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _r passing through the measuring subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r under a plurality of photon energies respectively. Multiple first intensities. The plurality of sensing pixels A of the electromagnetic wave detector 120 can simultaneously measure the plurality of electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _r passing through the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r under the plurality of photon energies respectively. Multiple second intensities.

In the present embodiment, the electromagnetic wave detector 120 is, for example, a photon-counting detector. Each of the sensing pixels A of the electromagnetic wave detector 120 can separately measure a plurality of intensities of the electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ . . . , X _r transmitted to the sensing pixel A at a plurality of photon energies. 3 illustrates a plurality of intensities of an electromagnetic beam measured by a sensing pixel at a plurality of photon energies, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3 , in detail, each sensing pixel A can sense the number of photons of the electromagnetic beam X _r transmitted to the sensing pixel A under the plurality of photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ . . . E _M , From these numbers of photons, the intensity I _r (E ₁ ), I _r (E ₂ )...I _r (E) of the electromagnetic beam X _r transmitted to the sensing pixel A under the plurality of photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M can be known. _M ).

The electromagnetic wave providing unit 110 of the present embodiment is operable in a continuous mode. In other words, the intensity of the electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ . . . X _r emitted by the electromagnetic wave providing unit 110 is within the period during which the electromagnetic wave detector 120 performs the measurement (ie, the period during which the plurality of first intensities and the plurality of second intensities are measured) Can be fixed. In detail, as shown in FIG. 2, the image reconstruction system 100 of the present embodiment may further include a control unit 130 electrically connected to the electromagnetic wave providing unit 110 and the electromagnetic wave detector 120. The control unit 130 can make the intensity of the electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _r emitted by the electromagnetic wave providing unit 110 constant during the measurement by the electromagnetic wave detector 120. For example, the electromagnetic wave providing unit 110 is, for example, an X-ray providing unit for providing X-rays. The X-ray providing unit may include an X-ray tube 112 and a power supply 114 electrically connected to the X-ray tube 112. The control unit 130 can control the voltage and current input from the power supply 114 to the X-ray tube 112 through the transmission pipes 210 and 220, respectively, thereby operating the X-ray tube 112 in the continuous mode.

Fig. 4 is a view showing the relationship between tube current and time of an X-ray tube according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG 4, when the period t X bare tube 112 operates in a continuous mode, a tube current X bare pipe 112 is measured in the wave detector 120 is maintained at a fixed current I _1, the bare tube X The intensity of the electromagnetic beam (i.e., the X-ray beam) output by 112 is maintained at a constant value during the measurement period t.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, after obtaining a plurality of first intensity images, a plurality of second intensity images, and a plurality of required attenuation coefficients and a plurality of thicknesses, the plurality of first intensity images and the plurality of The attenuation coefficient of the two-intensity image and each of the plurality of substances having a plurality of components under the electromagnetic wave irradiation corresponding to the plurality of different photon energies and the thickness of each substance in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction corresponding to the photon energy are calculated. The objects to be tested correspond to a plurality of attenuation image images of the plurality of components, respectively (step 300). In other words, a plurality of first intensities at a plurality of photon energies, passing through each of the regions to be tested, according to the electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _r passing through each of the measured subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r The electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _{r of the} blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r are a plurality of second intensities at a plurality of photon energies, each of a plurality of substances having a plurality of components, respectively, in a plurality of photon energies The plurality of attenuation coefficients and the plurality of thicknesses of the plurality of substances calculate a plurality of first attenuation coefficients corresponding to the electromagnetic beam irradiation corresponding to each of the plurality of photon energies for each of the blocks to be tested. The plurality of first attenuation coefficients of each of the blocks to be tested may constitute the plurality of attenuation image.

The following example illustrates how to calculate a plurality of first attenuation coefficients of a certain block to be tested corresponding to electromagnetic radiation of a plurality of components under a certain photon energy (for example, the first photon energy E ₁ ).

Referring to FIG. 1 , firstly, using a plurality of attenuation coefficients of a plurality of substances, an attenuation coefficient of each component under the electromagnetic beam irradiation corresponding to each photon energy is calculated, and the component is irradiated by an electromagnetic beam corresponding to other photon energies. The conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficients is used, and the inverse matrix W ^{-1 of the} conversion matrix W is established using these conversion relationships (step S310). Taking one of the conversion matrices W as an example, the above various components include a first component, a second component to an Nth component, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The plurality of photon energies include a first photon energy E ₁ , a second photon energy E ₂ to an Mth photon energy E _M , and M is a positive integer greater than or equal to N. The attenuation coefficient μ _r1 (E ₁ ) of the first component under the irradiation of the electromagnetic beam X _r corresponding to the first photon energy E ₁ is calculated by using a plurality of attenuation coefficients of each substance under electromagnetic wave illumination corresponding to the plurality of photon energies. a conversion relationship w between the attenuation coefficients μ _r1 (E ₂ ) to μ _r1 (E _M ) of the first component from the electromagnetic beam X _r corresponding to the second photon energy E ₂ to the Mth photon energy E _M ( μ _r1 , E ₂ )~w(μ _r1 , E _M ). For example, the conversion relations w(μ _r1 , E ₂ )~w(μ _r1 , E _M ) are as follows, w(μ _r1 , E ₂ )=[μ _r1 (E ₂ )/μ _r1 (E ₁ )] , w(μ _r1 , E ₃ )=[μ _r1 (E ₃ )/μ _r1 (E ₁ )],...,w(μ _r1 ,E _M )=[μ _r1 (E _M )/μ _r1 (E ₁ )]. Similarly, using these attenuation coefficients, the attenuation coefficient μ _r2 (E ₁ ) of the second component under the irradiation of the electromagnetic beam X _r corresponding to the first photon energy E ₁ and the second component at the second photon energy E ₂ are calculated. The conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficient μ _r2 (E ₂ )~μ _r2 (E _M ) of the electromagnetic wave X _r corresponding to the M photon energy E _M is w(μ _r2 , E ₂ )~w(μ _r2 , E _M And the attenuation coefficient μ _rN (E ₁ ) of the Nth component under the electromagnetic wave X _r corresponding to the first photon energy E ₁ and the Nth component corresponding to the second photon energy E ₂ to the Mth photon energy E _M The conversion relationship w(μ _rN , E ₂ )~w(μ _rN , E _M ) between the attenuation coefficients μ _rN (E ₂ ) to μ _rN (E _M ) under the irradiation of the electromagnetic beam Xr. The conversion matrix W can be established by using these conversion relationships. The conversion matrix W can be expressed as the following formula (1). The inverse matrix W ^-1 of the transformation matrix W can be calculated using the transformation matrix W.

Referring to FIG. 1, next, multiple first intensities at multiple photon energies and multiple electromagnetic photobeams passing through each of the photon energies of each of the detected sub-blocks are utilized. The second intensity establishes a proportional matrix, and uses the proportional matrix, the conversion matrix W, and the plurality of thicknesses of the plurality of substances to calculate that each of the blocks to be tested corresponds to a plurality of components under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to each photon energy. The first attenuation coefficient (step S320).

The following one block to calculate a measured O _r corresponding to the plurality of component E at _a plurality of electromagnetic wave radiation corresponding to a first attenuation coefficient at a first photon energy as an example (step S322). Using a beam of electromagnetic waves through this measuring X _r S _r subspace plurality of M first intensity at a photon energy of an electromagnetic beam and by this block X _r O _r measured at a plurality of photon energy of the M The second intensity establishes a proportional matrix T _r . In detail, the plurality of first intensities under the first photon energy E ₁ , the second photon energy E ₂ to the Mth photon energy E _M are represented as I _r1 (E ₁ ), I _r1 (E ₂ )~I, respectively. _R1 (E _M ), the plurality of second intensities under the first photon energy E ₁ , the second photon energy E ₂ to the Mth photon energy E _M are represented as I _r2 (E ₁ ), I _r2 (E ₂ ), respectively ~I _r2 (E _M ), and the proportional matrix T _r can be expressed as the following formula (2),

Use ratio and the conversion matrix T _r matrix W calculated block this test O _r corresponding to a first component, a second component to the first plurality of N component at a first electromagnetic irradiation photon energy E ₁ corresponding to the first attenuation coefficient. In detail, can be calculated using the following equation (3) O _r each block corresponding to the first test component, the second component to the first component μ N ₁ in the first plurality of photon energy E of the first attenuation coefficient _R1 (E ₁ ), μ _r2 (E ₁ )~ to μ _rN (E ₁ ).

Wherein t ₁ and t ₂ to t _N respectively represent the thickness of the object having the first component in the direction of electromagnetic wave transmission corresponding to the photon energy, and the thickness of the object having the second component in the direction of electromagnetic wave transmission corresponding to the photon energy. The thickness of the object having the Nth component in the direction of electromagnetic wave transmission corresponding to the photon energy. In the present embodiment, the thicknesses t ₁ and t ₂ to t _N may both be the distance Δx between the two plates (not shown) sandwiching the object O (for example, the breast). However, the invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, these thicknesses t ₁ , t ₂ ~ t _N may also be derived from statistical data. When these thicknesses t ₁ , t ₂ ~ t _N are both Δx, the above formula (3) can be simplified to the following formula (4) . Equation (4) is the one listed in Figure 1.

Above illustrates how a block of a calculated measured O _r corresponding to a first plurality of the plurality of components _R1 attenuation coefficient [mu] (E ₁₎ at a first electromagnetic irradiation photon energy corresponding to E _1, μ _r2 ( E ₁ )~μ _rN (E ₁ ). In a similar manner, the block to be tested O _r corresponds to a plurality of first attenuation coefficients μ _r1 (E ₂ ) to μ _rN (E ₂ ) of the plurality of components under electromagnetic wave illumination corresponding to other photon energies to μ _r1 (E _M )~μ _rN (E _M ). In addition, a plurality of first attenuation coefficients μ _r1 (E ₁ ) to μ _rN (E ₁ ), μ _r1 (E ₂ ) to μ _rN (E ₂ ), and μ _r1 (E _M ) to μ _rN (E _M are respectively stored. After that, the user can individually pick out the first attenuation coefficient under a certain energy, and then view the attenuation amount of each component corresponding to the block to be tested. Similarly, the amount of attenuation of each of the other blocks to be tested corresponding to each component can be reconstructed in a similar manner. When the attenuation amount corresponding to each component of all the blocks to be tested is calculated under all energies, the attenuation amount corresponding to each component of all the blocks to be tested under a single energy can be individually taken out to constitute the object to be tested corresponding to Attenuation image of each component. This will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 simultaneously, the electromagnetic wave detector 120 of the embodiment includes a plurality of sensing pixels A, wherein each sensing pixel A and a measuring subspace (and the measured subspace are to be tested) Block) corresponds. These sensing pixels A are arranged in an array of (G _H .G _W ). In other words, the electromagnetic wave detector 120 of the present embodiment comprises (G _H .G _W) sensing pixels A. In this embodiment, the first sensing pixel corresponding to the first measurement subspace (S _r , r=0) and the first block to be tested (O _r , r=0) may be first captured. A plurality of first intensities and a plurality of second intensities sensed by A ₀ (step 321). Then, through the first intensity and the second intensity, a plurality of first attenuation coefficients corresponding to the plurality of components under the electromagnetic wave illumination corresponding to the first photon energy E ₁ are calculated (step 322). Next, it is determined whether the captured sensing pixel A is the (G _H . G _W ) sensing pixel A, that is, the last sensing pixel A. That is, it is judged whether or not r is equal to (G _H .G _W ) (step 323). If r is not equal to (G _H .G _W ), then the value of r is incremented by 1 (step 324) to extract the next measured subspace (S _r , r=1) and the next block to be tested. (O _r , r=1) corresponding to the plurality of first intensities and the plurality of second intensities sensed by the next sensing pixel A ₁ . Then, through the first intensity and the second intensity, the next block to be tested (O _r , r=1) corresponds to multiple components of the plurality of components under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the first photon energy E ₁ . An attenuation coefficient (step 322). Then, steps S323, S324, and S322 are performed cyclically until r is equal to (G _H .G _W ), that is, all the blocks to be tested correspond to a plurality of components under the electromagnetic wave irradiation corresponding to the first photon energy E ₁ . The first attenuation system is calculated and the end operation is completed.

The above exemplifies how to calculate a plurality of first attenuation coefficients of the object to be tested corresponding to electromagnetic radiation corresponding to a plurality of components at a certain photon energy (for example, the first photon energy E ₁ ). In a similar manner, we can calculate a plurality of first attenuation coefficients of the object to be tested corresponding to electromagnetic radiation corresponding to the plurality of components under other photon energies. Each of the blocks to be tested corresponds to the attenuation amount of a certain component to constitute an attenuation image corresponding to a certain component of the object under a certain energy.

Referring to FIG. 2, the image reconstruction system 100 of the present embodiment includes a processing unit 140. The processing unit 140 can perform the above steps S200 and S300. The processing that can be performed by the processing unit 140 will not be described here. We can clearly see the processing performed by the processing unit 140 by referring to the description corresponding to the above steps S200 and S300. In addition, the image reconstruction system 100 of the embodiment further displays a plurality of attenuation image images respectively corresponding to the plurality of components calculated by the processing unit 140 on the screen M. on.

In this embodiment, the plurality of electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _{r are} simultaneously passed through the plurality of measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r and the plurality of blocks to be tested O ₀ , O ₁ ... Before O _r , the portion of the electromagnetic beams X ₀ , X ₁ ... X _r whose photon energy is lower than the smallest one of the plurality of photon energies can be filtered out. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the image reconstruction system 100 of the present embodiment may further include a filter unit 160. Filter unit arranged in the electromagnetic beam 160 X _0, and located in the electromagnetic wave providing unit 110 with all measurements subspace S _0, S ₁ on X ₁ ... X _r of the transmission path between ... S _r. The filter unit 160 for filtering electromagnetic beam X _0, X ₁ ... X _r photon energy below the photon energy E _1, E ₂ ~ E _M is the smallest part of a photon energy E _1. In other words, the filter unit 160 can filter out the unnecessary portion of the electromagnetic wave X, and the energy absorbed by the object to be tested O is small. If the object to be tested O is the breast of the human body and the electromagnetic wave X is X-ray, the filter unit 160 can reduce the radiation dose received by the human body and reduce the damage that the human body receives when undergoing the examination.

Based on the above, the image reconstruction method and the image reconstruction system of the present embodiment can calculate a plurality of attenuation image corresponding to the plurality of components by the data processing method, and the plurality of components of the object to be tested can each form a decline. Reduce the image. As a result, the composition of the object to be tested can be clearly observed, and the problem of the indistinguishable problem caused by the too close or overlapping of the plurality of components of the object to be tested is improved in the prior art. In addition, in the image reconstruction method and the image reconstruction system of the present embodiment, a plurality of attenuation image images of various components of the object to be tested can be obtained by taking the image to be measured once (that is, acquiring a plurality of second intensity images at a time). And avoid receiving the object to be tested too high The radiation dose, which in turn reduces the damage to the test object when it is examined.

Second embodiment

The image reconstruction method and the image reconstruction system of the present embodiment are similar to those of the first embodiment, and therefore the same steps and elements are denoted by the same reference numerals. The main difference between the two is that the image reconstruction method and the image reconstruction system of the present embodiment are different from the first embodiment in that the plurality of first intensity images and the plurality of second intensity images are obtained. The following is a detailed description of this difference. For the same manner as the first embodiment, the image reconstruction method and the image reconstruction system of the present embodiment are referred to the corresponding descriptions in the first example, and will not be described in detail herein.

FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing an image reconstruction method according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 shows an image reconstruction system of a second embodiment of the present invention. In particular, the image reconstruction method of FIG. 5 is applicable to the image reconstruction system of FIG. Please refer to Figure 5. First, provide the data of the database. The data of the database includes an attenuation coefficient of each of the plurality of substances having a plurality of components under the electromagnetic wave irradiation corresponding to the plurality of different photon energies, and each of the substances in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction corresponding to the photon energy. Thickness (step S200). In detail, the method of providing database data includes the following steps. First, a plurality of substances each having the N components may be selected according to which of the plurality of attenuation images of the object to be detected are to be selected (step 210). Then, the attenuation coefficient of each of the plurality of substances having the N components respectively under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the plurality of different photon energies and the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the photon energy of each substance are extracted from the database. Thickness in the direction of transfer (step Step 220).

Referring to FIG. 6 , in particular, the image reconstruction system 100A of the present embodiment may optionally include a data providing unit 150 . The image reconstruction system 100A of the present embodiment further includes a processing unit 140. The processing unit 140 of the image reconstruction system 100A can obtain, by the data providing unit 150, a plurality of substances having the N kinds of components, respectively, depending on which N components are respectively used for the plurality of attenuation image images of the object to be detected O to be acquired. The attenuation coefficient of a substance under the irradiation of electromagnetic waves corresponding to a plurality of different photon energies and the thickness of each substance in the direction of electromagnetic wave transmission corresponding to the photon energy.

Referring to FIG. 5, the attenuation coefficient of each component under the electromagnetic beam irradiation corresponding to each photon energy is calculated by using a plurality of attenuation coefficients of the plurality of substances, and the electromagnetic beam irradiation of the component corresponding to other photon energies. The conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficients is used, and the inverse matrix W ^{-1 of the} conversion matrix W is established using these conversion relationships (step S310). Referring to FIG. 6 , in particular, the processing unit 140 of the embodiment may calculate the attenuation coefficient of each component under the electromagnetic beam illumination corresponding to each photon energy and the component by using a plurality of attenuation coefficients of the plurality of substances. The conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficients under the irradiation of the electromagnetic beams corresponding to the other photon energies, and the inverse matrix W ^{-1 of the} transformation matrix W is established using these conversion relationships. For a detailed method of calculating the conversion relationship and establishing the inverse matrix W ^-1 , reference may be made to the description in the first embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , when the measurement object O is not disposed in the measurement space S, the electromagnetic waves passing through the measurement space S are respectively measured under a plurality of different photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M . A plurality of first intensity images (step S1). That is, when the measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _{r are} not configured with the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r to be measured, the measurement passes through each measurement subspace S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r The electromagnetic beam X _r has a plurality of first intensities I _r1 (E ₁ ), I _r1 (E ₂ )~I _r1 (E _M ) at a plurality of photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M .

Different from the first embodiment, in the present embodiment, the electromagnetic beam X _r may be a pulse mode electromagnetic beam x _r . Measuring a plurality of first intensities I _r1 (E ₁ ), I _r1 (E ₂ ) of the electromagnetic beam X _r passing through each measurement subspace S _r under a plurality of photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M The method of I _r1 (E _M ) may be such that the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r scans all the measured subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r , wherein when the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is substantially zero, The alignment position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is relatively moved from one of the measurement subspaces to the other of the measurement subspaces. When the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is substantially non-zero, the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is maintained substantially stationary relative to a measurement subspace. When the alignment positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beams x _r respectively stay in the measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r , respectively, the pulsed electromagnetic beams x _r passing through each measurement subspace S _r are respectively measured. A plurality of first intensities I _r1 (E ₁ ) and I _r1 (E ₂ ) to I _r1 (E _M ) under photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M .

Referring to FIG. 6, in particular, the image reconstruction system 100A of the present embodiment includes an electromagnetic wave providing unit 110A for providing a pulsed electromagnetic beam. In the present embodiment, the electromagnetic wave providing unit 110A is a pulsed electromagnetic beam providing unit. The pulsed electromagnetic beam providing unit includes a pulsed electromagnetic wave source 110a that supplies a pulsed electromagnetic wave x and a collimator 116. The pulsed electromagnetic wave source 110a includes an X-ray tube 112 and a power supply 114. The image reconstruction system 100A of the present embodiment may further include a control unit 130 electrically connected to the electromagnetic wave providing unit 110A. Control unit 130 is permeable The transmission ducts 210, 220 control the voltage and current input from the power supply 114 to the X-ray tube 112, thereby causing the X-ray tube 112 to emit a pulsed electromagnetic wave x.

The collimator 116 of the present embodiment is disposed on the transmission path of the pulsed electromagnetic wave x. The collimator 116 has a hole H1. A portion of the pulsed electromagnetic wave x passes through the hole H1 of the collimator 116 to form a pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r . The control unit 130 causes the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _{r to} scan the subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r by moving the collimator 116. When the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is substantially zero, the control unit 130 relatively moves the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r from one of the measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r to These measure the other of the subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r . Moreover, when the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is substantially not zero (for example, at a constant value), the control unit 130 maintains the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r substantially relative to a measurement subspace. still, the image reconstruction system is an electromagnetic wave in detector 120A 100A pulsed electromagnetic beam alignment position x _r respectively stay in these measurements subspaces S _0, S ₁ ... electromagnetic beam are measured by a multi-time x _r S _r A plurality of first intensities after the subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r are measured.

Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , in detail, when the object to be tested O is not disposed in the measurement space S, the electromagnetic waves passing through the measurement space S are respectively measured in a plurality of different photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M The method of the plurality of first intensity images includes the following steps S110, S10, S20, S30, S40, S50, S60, S70, which will be described in detail below. First, the electromagnetic wave detector 120 can be set as M sensing intervals (step S110) to prepare to measure a plurality of first intensity images (and a plurality of second intensity images) respectively under M different photon energies. Where M is a positive integer greater than or equal to N. In this embodiment, the electromagnetic wave detector 120 may be a photon-counting spectrometer, but the invention is not limited thereto.

In this embodiment, the measurement space S can be divided into a plurality of measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r . The number of the plurality of measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ . . . S _r may be (G _H .G _W ). As shown in Fig. 5, first, it is possible to start from the first measurement subspace (S _r , r = 0) (step S10). Then, the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beams x _r are respectively held in the first measurement subspace (S _r , r = 0) and at the same time the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is a fixed value greater than zero. Specifically, the image reconstruction system 100A of the present embodiment includes an electromagnetic wave detector 120A, and the electromagnetic wave detector 120A has a sensing area H2. The hole H1 of the collimator 116, the sensing region H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A, and the first measuring subspace (S _r , r=0) can be substantially aligned, and the pulsed electromagnetic beam can be made at this time. The intensity of x _r is a fixed value greater than zero (step S20).

Then, the electromagnetic wave detector 120A is caused to measure the plurality of first rays of the electromagnetic beam x _r passing through the first measurement subspace (S _r , r=0) under the plurality of photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M Intensity I ₀₁ (E ₁ ), I ₀₁ (E ₂ )~I ₀₁ (E _M ), and record these first intensities I ₀₁ (E ₁ ), I ₀₁ (E ₂ )~I ₀₁ (E _M ) and The first correspondence relationship of the subspaces (S _r , r=0) is measured (step S30), for example, the first correspondence between the coordinates of the hole H1 (or the coordinates of the sensing region H2) and the first intensities is recorded. Specifically, the processing unit 140 of this embodiment may be electrically connected to the electromagnetic wave detectors 120A, each measurement acquired by the subspace S _r x _r of the beam of electromagnetic waves in a plurality of photon energy E _1, E ₂ ... E the plurality of _M first intensity _{I r1 (E 1), I} r1 (E 2) ~ I r1 (E M), with each measurement and record a first sub-space S _r corresponding to the intensity I _r1 (E ₁ ), the first correspondence between I _r1 (E ₂ )~I _r1 (E _M ) and the measurement subspace S _r .

Next, the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is made zero (step S40). Then, it is judged whether the measured measurement subspace is the (G _H .G _W ) measurement subspace, that is, the last measurement subspace. That is, it is judged whether or not r is equal to (G _H .G _W ) (step S50). If r is not equal to (G _H .G _W ), then the value of r is incremented by 1 (step S60), so that the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r respectively stay in the next measurement subspace (S _r , r=1) and at the same time the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is a fixed value greater than zero. That is, the hole H1 of the collimator 116 and the sensing region H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A are substantially aligned with the next measurement subspace (S _r , r=1), and the pulsed electromagnetic beam is made at this time. The intensity of x _r is a constant value greater than zero as described above (step S20).

It should be noted that, during the period in which the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is zero (step S40), the control unit 130 can move the hole H1 of the collimator 116 and the sensing region H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A. Align the next measurement subspace. In this embodiment, the control unit 130 can move the hole H1 of the collimator 116 synchronously with the sensing area of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A while simultaneously aligning with the next measuring subspace. When the electromagnetic wave detector 120A measures a plurality of first intensities corresponding to each measurement subspace, the hole H1 of the collimator 116, each measurement subspace, and the sensing region H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120 are substantially Aligned on.

Specifically, the image reconstruction system 100A of the present embodiment further includes a first mechanism 170 and a second mechanism 180. The collimator 116 is mounted on the first mechanism 170. The electromagnetic wave detector 120A is mounted on the second mechanism 180. The control unit 130 moves the hole H1 of the collimator 116 and the sensing area H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A synchronously through the first mechanism 170 and the second mechanism 180, thereby causing the hole H1 of the collimator 116 and the electromagnetic wave detector 120A. The sensing area H2 is simultaneously aligned with the measuring subspace S _{r to} be measured. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the hole H1 of the collimator 116 and the sensing area H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A may also be measured at different time points and the measured subspace S _r alignment.

In detail, in the present embodiment, the first mechanism 170 includes a track 172 having two different extending directions and a driving motor 174 connected to the track 172. The second mechanism 180 includes a track 182 having two different directions of extension and a motor 184 coupled to the track 182. The motors 174, 184 are electrically connected to the control unit 130. The collimator 116 and the electromagnetic wave detector 120A are respectively mounted on the rails 172, 182. The control unit 130 drives the collimator 116 and the electromagnetic wave detector 120A mounted on the rails 172 and 182 through the motors 174 and 184, respectively, so that the hole H1 of the collimator 116 and the sensing region H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A are paired. The measured subspace S _r is measured as desired.

Referring again to FIG. 5, the electromagnetic wave detector 120A is then measured to measure a plurality of first intensities at a plurality of photon energies through the next measurement subspace (S _r , r=1), and record the first A first correspondence relationship between the intensity and the measured subspace (S _r , r = 1) (step S30). Thereafter, then, steps S40, S50, S60, S20, and S30 are performed cyclically, and until step S50, it is determined that r is equal to (G _{H .} G _W ), that is, a plurality of first intensities corresponding to all the measured subspaces and A plurality of first intensities corresponding to all the measurement subspaces and a plurality of first correspondences of the measurement subspaces are respectively measured and recorded. When a plurality of first intensities corresponding to all the measured subspaces and a plurality of first intensities corresponding to all the measured subspaces and the plurality of first correspondences of the measured subspaces are respectively measured and recorded And establishing, by using a plurality of first intensities corresponding to all the measurement subspaces and a plurality of first intensities corresponding to all the measurement subspaces and the plurality of first correspondences of the measurement subspaces, establishing a plurality of first The intensity image (step S70).

Referring to FIG 6, specifically, the processing unit 140 may use an electromagnetic beam through each of the measured x _r S _r subspace in these photon energy E _1, a first plurality of the strength and E ₂ ... E _M and the The first correspondence between the first intensity and the each measurement subspace S _r obtains the plurality of first intensity images.

Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 again, next, when the object to be tested O is disposed in the measurement space S, the plurality of electromagnetic waves passing through the object to be tested O are measured under a plurality of photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M The second intensity image (step S2). That is, when the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r to be tested are respectively arranged in the measurement subspaces S ₀ , S ₁ ... S _r , the electromagnetic beam X _r passing through each block O _{r to} be measured is measured. A plurality of second intensities I _r2 (E ₁ ) and I _r2 (E ₂ ) to I _r2 (E _M ) of the plurality of photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M .

In this embodiment, the plurality of second intensities I _r2 (E ₁ ), I under the plurality of photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M of the electromagnetic beam X _r passing through each of the blocks O _{r to} be measured are measured. _{The method of r2} (E ₂ )~I _r2 (E _M ) may be such that the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r scans all the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _{r to} be tested, wherein the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is substantial when a is zero, so that the pulsed electromagnetic beam alignment position x _r of the blocks to be measured O _0, O ₁ ... O _r wherein relative movement of one of these blocks from the measured O _0, O ₁ ... O _r of another. When the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is substantially non-zero, the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is maintained substantially stationary relative to a block to be tested. When the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r respectively stay in the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r to be tested, the pulse patterns passing through each of the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r are respectively measured. The electromagnetic beam x _r is a plurality of second intensities I _r2 (E ₁ ), I _r2 (E ₂ ) to I _r2 (E _M ) at a plurality of photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M .

Referring to FIG. 6 , specifically, the control unit 130 causes the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _{r to} scan the plurality of blocks to be tested O _{r of} the object to be tested O by moving the collimator 116 . When the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is substantially zero, the control unit 130 relatively moves the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r from one of the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r to The other of the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _{r to} be tested. And, when the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is substantially not zero (for example, at a constant value), the control unit 130 maintains the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r substantially stationary relative to the object to be tested O The electromagnetic wave detector 120A of the image reconstruction system 100A measures the electromagnetic beam x _r through multiple positions when the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r respectively stay in the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r to be tested. A plurality of second intensities I _r2 (E ₁ ), I _r2 (E ₂ )~I _r2 (E _M ) after the blocks O ₀ and O ₁ ... O _{r to} be tested.

Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, in detail, the method for measuring a plurality of second intensity images of the electromagnetic beams passing through the object O to be detected under a plurality of different photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M includes the following steps. S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, and S16 will be described in detail below.

In this embodiment, the object to be tested O can be divided into a plurality of blocks to be tested O ₀ , O ₁ . . . O _r . The number of the plurality of blocks to be tested O ₀ , O ₁ . . . O _r may be (G _H .G _W ). As shown in FIG. 5, first, it is possible to start from the first block to be tested (O _r , r = 0) (step S11). Then, the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r are respectively stopped in the first block to be tested (O _r , r = 0) and the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is made a constant value greater than zero. Specifically, the hole H1 of the collimator 116, the sensing area H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A, and the first block to be tested (O _r , r=0) can be substantially aligned, and at this time The intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is a fixed value greater than zero (step S12).

Then, the electromagnetic wave detector 120A is measured to measure a plurality of second intensities I ₀₂ under the plurality of photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M through the first block to be tested (O _r , r=0). E ₁ ), I ₀₂ (E ₂ )~I ₀₂ (E _M ), and record these second intensities I ₀₂ (E ₁ ), I ₀₂ (E ₂ )~I ₀₂ (E _M ) and the block to be tested a second correspondence relationship of (S _r , r = 0) (step S13), for example, recording the coordinates of the hole H1 (or the coordinates of the sensing region H2) and the second intensities I ₀₂ (E ₁ ), I ₀₂ ( The second correspondence of E ₂ )~I ₀₂ (E _M ). Specifically, the processing unit 140 of the embodiment can be electrically connected to the electromagnetic wave detector 120A to obtain the electromagnetic beam X _r passing through each of the blocks O _r to be in the plurality of photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E a second plurality of _M in the intensity _{I r2 (E 1), I} r2 (E 2) ~ I r2 (E M), and recorded with each block corresponding to a second O _r measured intensity I _r2 (E ₁ ), a second correspondence _{I r2 (E 2) ~ I} r2 (E M) to be measured O _r of this block.

Next, the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is made zero (step S14). Then, using the electromagnetic beam x _r passing through the first block to be tested (O _r , r = 0), a plurality of second intensities I ₀₂ (E ₁ ) under the plurality of photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M , I ₀₂ (E ₂ )~I ₀₂ (E _M ), and the electromagnetic beam x _r passing through the first measurement subspace (S _r , r=0) in the plurality of photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ... E _M The first plurality of first intensities I ₀₁ (E ₁ ), I ₀₁ (E ₂ )~I ₀₁ (E _M ), the inverse matrix W ^{−1 ,} and the above equation (3) calculate the first block to be tested (O) _r , r = 0) a plurality of first attenuation coefficients μ _r1 (E ₁ ), μ _r2 (E ₁ )~ to μ corresponding to the first component, the second component to the Nth component at the first photon energy E _{1 rN} (E ₁ ) (r = 0) (step S323). For the method of calculating the first attenuation coefficient in detail, reference may be made to the description in the first embodiment. Specifically, the processing unit 140 (shown in FIG. 6) of the embodiment may perform the above-described operation of calculating a plurality of first attenuation amount images.

Next, it is determined whether the measured block to be tested is the (G _H .G _W ) block to be tested, that is, the last block to be tested. That is, it is judged whether or not r is equal to (G _H .G _W ) (step S15). If r is not equal to (G _H .G _W ), then the value of r is incremented by 1 (step 16), so that the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r respectively stay in the next block to be tested (O _r , r=1) and at the same time the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is a fixed value greater than zero. That is, the hole H1 of the collimator 116 and the sensing region H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A are substantially aligned with the next block to be tested (O _r , r=1), and the pulsed electromagnetic beam is made at this time. The intensity of x _r is a fixed value greater than zero as described above (step 12).

It should be noted that, during the period in which the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is zero (step 14), the control unit 130 can move the hole H1 of the collimator 116 and the sensing region H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A. Align to the next block to be tested. In this embodiment, the control unit 130 can move the hole H1 of the collimator 116 synchronously with the sensing area of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A while simultaneously aligning with the next block to be tested. When the electromagnetic wave detector 120A measures a plurality of second intensities corresponding to each of the blocks to be tested, the holes H1 of the collimator 116, each of the blocks to be tested, and the sensing region H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120 are substantially Aligned on.

Specifically, the control unit 130 moves the hole H1 of the collimator 116 and the sensing area H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A synchronously through the first mechanism 170 and the second mechanism 180, thereby causing the hole H1 of the collimator 116 and the electromagnetic wave. The sensing area H2 of the detector 120A is simultaneously aligned with the to-be-tested block S _{r to} be measured. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the hole H1 of the collimator 116 and the sensing area H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A may also be respectively measured at different time points and the block to be measured S _{r to} be measured. alignment.

Please refer to FIG. 5 again, and then, the electromagnetic wave detector 120A measures the electromagnetic beam x _r through the next block to be tested (O _r , r=1) under multiple photon energies E ₁ , E ₂ ~E _M a plurality of second intensities, and recording a second correspondence relationship between the second intensities and the block to be tested (O _r , r=1) (step S13). Thereafter, then, steps S14, S323, S15, S16, and S12 are performed cyclically until step S15, and it is determined that r is equal to (G _{H .} G _W ), that is, a plurality of second intensities corresponding to all the blocks to be tested and Corresponding relationships between the plurality of second intensities corresponding to the blocks to be tested and the blocks to be tested are respectively measured and recorded, and the first attenuation coefficients corresponding to all the blocks to be tested are calculated. In this way, a plurality of attenuation image corresponding to the plurality of components of the object to be tested can be obtained. For the method of obtaining the plurality of attenuation image corresponding to the plurality of components by the first attenuation coefficient of all the blocks to be tested, refer to the description in the first embodiment.

Further, it should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the amount is measured by an electromagnetic beam a certain block X _r O _r measured at a plurality of photon energy E _1, at a plurality of E ₂ ... E _M The two intensities I _r2 (E ₁ ), I _r2 (E ₂ )~I _r2 (E _M ) and record the block to be tested Or and the plurality of second intensities I _r2 (E ₁ ), I _r2 (E ₂ )~ after the second correspondence I _r2 (E _M), and then a beam of electromagnetic waves through this certain block X _r O _r measured at a plurality of a plurality of photon energy E _1, E ₂ ... E _M according to the second intensity _{I r2 (E 1), I} r2 (E 2) ~ I r2 (E M), and by measuring a subspace S _r x _r E of the electromagnetic beam _1, E ₂ ... E _M at a plurality of photon energy The plurality of first intensities I _r1 (E ₁ ), I _r1 (E ₂ )~I _r1 (E _M ), the inverse matrix W ^−1, and the above formula (3) calculate the corresponding block O _r corresponding to the block to be tested. A plurality of first attenuation coefficients of the plurality of components at a certain photon energy, thereby obtaining a plurality of attenuation image corresponding to the plurality of components of the object O.

However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, a plurality of second intensities corresponding to all the blocks to be tested and a plurality of second intensities corresponding to all the blocks to be tested may be used. After the plurality of second correspondences of the blocks are respectively measured and recorded, the second strength corresponding to all the blocks to be tested and the plurality of second strengths corresponding to all the blocks to be tested are used. A plurality of second correspondences of the measurement blocks establish a plurality of second intensity images. Then, the attenuation coefficient of each of the plurality of substances respectively having the plurality of components under the electromagnetic wave irradiation corresponding to each photon energy and the thickness of each substance in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction corresponding to the photon energy are utilized. And the plurality of first intensity images and the plurality of second intensity images calculate a plurality of attenuation image corresponding to the plurality of components.

In the image reconstruction method and the image reconstruction system of the embodiment, since the pulsed electromagnetic beams are passed through each measurement subspace (and each of the blocks to be tested) one by one, and the pulsed electromagnetic beam is measured by one measurement subspace. When (and a block to be tested) moves to the next measurement subspace (and the next block to be tested), the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially zero. Therefore, the measured plurality of first intensities (and the plurality of second intensities) corresponding to each measurement subspace (and each of the blocks to be tested) are not easily interfered by other factors, thereby enabling the implementation. The image reconstruction method and the multiple attenuation image reconstructed by the image reconstruction system can more accurately represent the actual condition of the internal composition of the object to be tested.

Third embodiment

The image construction method and the image construction system of the present embodiment are similar to the image reconstruction method and the image reconstruction system of the second embodiment, and therefore the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for constructing an image according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an image construction system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, the image construction method of FIG. 7 is applicable to the image construction system of FIG. Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 simultaneously, the image construction method and the image construction system 100B of the present embodiment are used to construct an image of the object S to be tested. First, a pulsed electromagnetic beam x _{r is provided} (step S510). Further, a pulsed electromagnetic wave x _r may be first supplied, and then the pulsed electromagnetic wave x _{r is} transmitted to the collimator 116 having the hole H1, wherein the pulsed electromagnetic beam x is formed by a portion of the pulsed electromagnetic wave x of the hole H1 _r .

Specifically, the image construction system 100B of the present embodiment includes a pulsed electromagnetic beam providing unit 110A. The pulsed electromagnetic beam providing unit 110A includes a pulsed electromagnetic wave source 110a that supplies a pulsed electromagnetic wave x and a collimator 116. The pulsed electromagnetic wave source 110a includes an X-ray tube 112 and a power supply 114. The image construction system 100B of the present embodiment may further include a control unit 130 electrically connected to the electromagnetic wave providing unit 110A. The control unit 130 can control the voltage and current input from the power supply 114 to the X-ray tube 112 through the transmission pipes 210 and 220, thereby causing the X-ray tube 112 to emit a pulsed electromagnetic wave x. The collimator 116 of the present embodiment is disposed on the transmission path of the pulsed electromagnetic wave x. The collimator 116 has a hole H1. A portion of the pulsed electromagnetic wave x passes through the hole H1 of the collimator 116 to form a pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r .

Then, the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _{r is used to} scan a plurality of blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _{r of} the object to be tested O, wherein when the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is substantially zero, the pulsed electromagnetic wave is made _{R & lt} beam alignment position x from the blocks under test O _0, O ₁ ... O _r a relative movement of the blocks to be measured O _0, O ₁ ... O _r of the other, and when the pulsed electromagnetic beams x _When the intensity of _r is substantially not zero, the alignment position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is maintained substantially stationary with respect to the object to be tested O (step S520). Specifically, referring to FIG. 8 , the control unit 130 of the present embodiment transmits the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _{r to} scan a plurality of to-be-tested blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _{r of} the object to be tested O by moving the collimator 116 . . When the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is substantially zero, the control unit 130 relatively moves the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r from one of the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r to The other of the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _{r to} be tested. Alignment position and, when the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r is substantially zero (e.g., when a predetermined value), the control unit 130 so that the pulsed electromagnetic beam with respect to x _r O _r a test block to maintain It is essentially static.

Then, when the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r respectively stay in the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r to be tested, respectively, the plurality of pulsed electromagnetic beams x _r are measured to pass through the blocks to be tested. Intensity (step S530). Specifically, the image construction 100B includes an electromagnetic wave detector 120A. The electromagnetic wave detector 120A measures the electromagnetic beam x _r through the plurality of blocks to be tested O ₀ when the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beam x _r respectively stay in the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r , A plurality of first intensities after O ₁ ... O _r . Further, in the present embodiment, the control unit 130 can move the hole H1 of the collimator 116 in synchronization with the electromagnetic wave detector 120A for measuring these intensities. Moreover, when the electromagnetic wave detector 120A measures the intensities, the control unit 130 can make the holes H1 of the collimator 116, each of the measured blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _r , and the electromagnetic wave detector. The sensing region H2 of 120A is substantially aligned.

In detail, the image reconstruction system 100B of the present embodiment further includes a first mechanism 170 and a second mechanism 180. The collimator 116 is mounted on the first mechanism 170. The electromagnetic wave detector 120A is mounted on the second mechanism 180. The control unit 130 moves the hole H1 of the collimator 116 and the sensing area H2 of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A synchronously through the first mechanism 170 and the second mechanism 180, thereby causing the hole H1 of the collimator 116 and the electromagnetic wave detector 120A. sensing region H2 to be aligned simultaneously with the measurement block to be measured O _r. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, in other embodiments, the collimator holes H1 detector 116 and the electromagnetic wave sensing area 120A may H2 at different time points are to be measured and the measured block O _r alignment.

Next, the correspondence between these intensities and the blocks to be tested is recorded (step S540). Then, using these intensities and the corresponding relationship, an image of the object to be tested O is constructed (step S550). In particular, image construction 100B includes processing unit 140A. The processing unit 140A can record the correspondence between these intensities and the blocks O ₀ , O ₁ ... O _{r to} be tested. For example, when the recording electromagnetic wave detector 120A measures the intensities, the intensities and the sensing of the electromagnetic wave detector 120A are detected. The relationship between the coordinates of the zone H2, or the relationship between these intensities and the coordinates of the hole H1 when the electromagnetic wave detector 120A measures these intensities. The processing unit 140A constructs an image of the object to be tested O using these intensities and the corresponding relationship.

In the image construction method and the image construction system of the embodiment, since the pulsed electromagnetic beam scans each of the blocks to be tested one by one, and the pulsed electromagnetic beam moves from one block to be tested to the next block to be tested The intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially zero. Therefore, the measured intensity corresponding to each of the blocks to be tested is not easily interfered by other factors, so that the image construction method and the image construction system of the embodiment can accurately construct the image of the object to be tested.

In summary, the image reconstruction method and the image reconstruction system according to an embodiment of the present invention can calculate a plurality of attenuation image corresponding to a plurality of components by using the data processing method, and the plurality of components of the object to be tested can be Each forms an attenuation image. As a result, the composition of the object to be tested can be clearly observed, and the problem of the indistinguishable problem caused by the too close or overlapping of the plurality of components of the object to be tested is improved in the prior art.

In addition, in the image reconstruction method and the image reconstruction system according to another embodiment of the present invention, by scanning the object to be tested once (or taking the image once), a plurality of attenuation images of various components of the object to be tested can be obtained, and the image is avoided. The sample receives an excessively high dose of radiation, which in turn reduces the damage to the object under test.

Furthermore, in the image reconstruction method and the image reconstruction system according to another embodiment of the present invention, since the pulsed electromagnetic beams are passed through each measurement subspace (and each of the blocks to be tested) one by one, and one measurement is performed. When the subspace (and a block to be tested) moves to the next measurement subspace (and the next block to be tested), the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially zero, so the measured amount corresponds to each amount The plurality of first intensities (and the plurality of second intensities) of the subspace (and each block to be tested) are not susceptible to other factors The interference, and the image reconstruction method and the image reconstruction system reconstructed by the image reconstruction system according to another embodiment of the present invention can more accurately present the actual condition of the internal composition of the object to be tested.

In the image construction method and image construction system according to an embodiment of the invention, since the pulsed electromagnetic beam scans each of the blocks to be tested one by one, and the pulsed electromagnetic beam moves from one block to the next to be tested. At the time of the block, the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially zero. Therefore, the measured intensity corresponding to each block to be tested is not easily interfered by other factors, so that the image construction method and the image construction system according to an embodiment of the present invention can accurately construct an image of the object to be tested.

S100, S110, S120, S200, S210, S220, S300, S310, S320, S321, S322, S323, S324‧‧

Claims (31)

An image reconstruction method for reconstructing an image of a sample to be tested, the image reconstruction method comprising: measuring an electromagnetic wave passing through the measurement space in a plurality of different photons when a measurement object is not disposed in a measurement space a plurality of first intensity images under the energy; when the object to be tested is disposed in the measurement space, measuring a plurality of second intensity images of the electromagnetic waves passing through the object to be tested respectively at the photon energy; providing one The data of the database, the data of the database includes an attenuation coefficient of each of the plurality of substances having a plurality of components under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to each photon energy, and each of the substances in the photon energy Corresponding electromagnetic wave transmission direction thickness; and calculating, according to the data of the database, the first intensity image and the second intensity image, the plurality of attenuation image corresponding to the components. The image reconstruction method of claim 1, wherein the object to be tested is divided into a plurality of blocks to be tested, and the measurement space is divided into a plurality of measurement subspaces, and the blocks to be tested are respectively scheduled to be set. In the measurement subspaces, an electromagnetic beam passes through the corresponding measurement subspace, and the electromagnetic beam is part of the electromagnetic wave; when the measurement object is not configured in the measurement space, the measurement passes the measurement The step of the electromagnetic waves in the space respectively at the first intensity images of the different photon energies is: when the plurality of measurement blocks are not disposed in the measurement subspaces, measuring each of the measurement subspaces The plurality of first intensities of the electromagnetic beam at the photon energy, wherein the first intensities of the electromagnetic beams passing through each of the measuring subspaces at the photon energies respectively constitute the first intensity images When the object to be tested is disposed in the measurement space, the step of measuring the second intensity images of the electromagnetic wave passing through the object to be tested under the different photon energies is: respectively, in the blocks to be tested When set in the measurement subspaces Measure a plurality of second intensities of the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the photon energy of each of the to-be-tested blocks, and pass the electromagnetic beams of each of the to-be-tested blocks to the photon energy The second intensity of the quantity respectively constitutes the second intensity images; and the materials according to the database, the first intensity images and the second intensity images are respectively calculated to correspond to the components The step of attenuating the image is: using the first intensity of the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the measurement subspaces at the photon energy, and the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the blocks to be tested The second intensity at the photon energy, the attenuation coefficients of the substances, and the thicknesses of the substances calculate an electromagnetic wave corresponding to each of the photons of the photon energy corresponding to each of the components to be tested. a plurality of first attenuation coefficients under beam illumination, the first attenuation coefficients constituting the attenuation image. The image reconstruction method of claim 2, wherein the components comprise a first component, a second component to an Nth component, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and the photon energy comprises a a first photon energy, a second photon energy to a Mth photon energy, M being a positive integer greater than or equal to N, and utilizing the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the measured subspaces at the photon energies Calculating, by the first intensity, the second intensity of the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the photon energy at the photon energy, the attenuation coefficients of the substances, and the thicknesses of the substances The method for determining, by the first component, the second component to the N component, the first attenuation coefficients of the Nth component under the electromagnetic beam corresponding to the first photon energy comprises: using the materials Calculating the attenuation coefficient of the first component under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the first photon energy and the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the first component at the second photon energy to the Mth photon energy Attenuation system a conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficient of the second component under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the first photon energy and the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the second component at the second photon energy to the energy of the Mth photon a conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficients, and the electromagnetic component of the Nth component under the irradiation of the first photon energy a conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficient and the attenuation coefficients of the Nth component under the electromagnetic wave illumination corresponding to the energy of the second photon energy to the Mth photon; establishing a conversion matrix by using the conversion relationships; The first intensity of the electromagnetic beam of the measurement subspace at the photon energy and the second intensity of the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the photon energies of each of the to-be-measured blocks establish a proportional matrix And using the proportional matrix, the conversion matrix, and the thicknesses of the substances to calculate that each of the blocks to be tested corresponds to the first component, and the second component to the Nth component are at the first photon energy The first attenuation coefficients under the corresponding electromagnetic wave illumination. The image reconstruction method according to claim 3, wherein the first photon energy, the second photon energy to the Mth photon energy are respectively represented as E ₁ , E ₂ to E _M , and the first component is The conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficient of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the first photon energy and the attenuation coefficients of the first component under the electromagnetic wave irradiation corresponding to the energy of the second photon energy to the Mth photon energy respectively Expressed as w(μ _r1 , E ₂ )~w(μ _r1 , E _M ), the attenuation coefficient of the second component under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the first photon energy and the second component in the second photon The conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficients of the energy to the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the Mth photon energy is expressed as w(μ _r2 , E ₂ )~w(μ _r2 , E _M ), respectively, the Nth component The conversion between the attenuation coefficient of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the first photon energy and the attenuation coefficients of the Nth component under the electromagnetic wave illumination corresponding to the energy of the second photon energy to the Mth photon relationship respectively denoted _{w (μ rN, E 2)} ~ w (μ rN, E M), which converter Array is represented as W, And the first intensities of the electromagnetic beam passing through the first photon energy and the second photon energy to the Mth photon energy of each of the measurement subspaces are represented as I _r1 (E ₁ ), I _r1 (E ₂ ) to I _r1 (E _M ), respectively, the second intensity of the electromagnetic beam passing through the electromagnetic field of the to-be-tested block at the first photon energy, the second photon energy, and the Mth photon energy Expressed as I _r2 (E ₁ ), I _r2 (E ₂ ) to I _r2 (E _M ), the scale matrix is expressed as T _r , The thickness of the object having the first component, the thickness of the object having the second component, and the thickness of the object having the Nth component are represented as t ₁ , t ₂ to t _N , respectively. The first attenuation coefficients corresponding to the first component, the second component to the Nth component, and the electromagnetic beam corresponding to the first photon energy are respectively represented as μ _r1 (E ₁ ) And μ _r1 (E ₁ ) to μ _rN (E ₁ ), using the proportional matrix, the conversion matrix, and the thicknesses of the substances to calculate that each of the blocks to be tested corresponds to the first component and the second The method for the first attenuation coefficient of the component to the Nth component at the first photon energy comprises: calculating, by using the following formula (1), each of the to-be-tested blocks corresponding to the first component and the second component The first attenuation coefficients of the Nth component at the first photon energy, For example, the image reconstruction method described in claim 2, wherein the measurement is The method for the first intensity of the electromagnetic beam at each of the plurality of photon energies of each of the measurement subspaces includes: causing the electromagnetic beams to pass through the measurement subspaces simultaneously; and simultaneously measuring the Measuring the first intensities of the electromagnetic beams of the subspace at the photon energies, and measuring the second intensities of the electromagnetic beams passing through each of the photons to be measured The method includes: causing the electromagnetic beams to pass through the blocks to be tested at the same time; and simultaneously measuring the second intensities of the electromagnetic beams that pass through the block to be tested at the photon energy. The image reconstruction method of claim 5, wherein the intensity of the electromagnetic beams is constant during the measurement of the first intensity image and the second intensity image. The method for image reconstruction according to claim 5, wherein before the electromagnetic beams are respectively passed through the measurement subspaces and the blocks to be tested, the method further comprises: filtering out photon energy in the electromagnetic beams. Below the smallest of the photon energies. The image reconstruction method of claim 2, wherein the electromagnetic beam is a pulsed electromagnetic beam, and the first one of the electromagnetic beams passing through each of the measurement subspaces under the photon energy is measured. The method of intensity includes: causing the pulsed electromagnetic beam to scan the measurement subspaces, wherein when the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially zero, the alignment position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is obtained from the quantisers One of the spaces is relatively moved to the other of the measurement subspaces, and when the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially non-zero, the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is relative to the measurement subspace Maintaining a substantially stationary state, when the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beams respectively stay in the measurement subspaces, respectively measuring the pulsed electromagnetic beams passing through each of the measurement subspaces under the photon energies These first intensities. The image reconstruction method of claim 8, further comprising: recording the first intensity of the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the measurement subspaces at the photon energy and one of the measurement subspaces a first correspondence relationship; and obtaining the first intensity images by using the first intensity of the electromagnetic beam at each of the photon energies and the first correspondence relationship. The method of image reconstruction according to claim 8, wherein the method of measuring the second intensities of the electromagnetic beams passing through each of the photon energies of the block to be tested comprises: causing the pulsed electromagnetic waves The beam scans the blocks to be tested, wherein when the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially zero, the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is relatively moved from one of the blocks to be tested to the Detecting another of the blocks, and when the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially non-zero, maintaining the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam substantially stationary relative to the block to be tested, when the pulsed electromagnetic wave When the aligned positions of the beams respectively stay in the blocks to be tested, the second intensities of the pulsed electromagnetic beams passing through each of the to-be-measured blocks at the photon energies are respectively measured. The image reconstruction method of claim 10, further comprising: recording the second intensity of the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the to-be-tested blocks at the photon energy and one of the to-be-tested blocks a second correspondence relationship; and obtaining the second intensity images by using the second intensity of the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the to-be-tested blocks at the photon energy and the second correspondence. An image reconstruction system for reconstructing an image of a sample to be tested, the image reconstruction system comprising: an electromagnetic wave providing unit for providing an electromagnetic wave; and an electromagnetic wave detector for measuring when the object to be tested is not disposed in a measurement space a plurality of first electromagnetic waves passing through the measurement space at a plurality of different photon energies An intensity image, when the object to be tested is disposed in the measurement space, measuring a plurality of second intensity images of the electromagnetic wave passing through the object to be tested under the photon energy; and a processing unit, a data of the database And including an attenuation coefficient of each of the plurality of substances having a plurality of components respectively under the electromagnetic wave irradiation corresponding to the photon energy, and a thickness of each of the substances in the electromagnetic wave transmission direction corresponding to the photon energy, The processing unit calculates, according to the data of the database, the first intensity images, and the second intensity images, a plurality of attenuation image corresponding to the components. The image reconstruction system of claim 12, wherein the object to be tested is divided into a plurality of blocks to be tested, and the measurement space is divided into a plurality of measurement subspaces, and the blocks to be tested are respectively scheduled to be set. In the measurement subspaces, an electromagnetic beam passes through the corresponding one of the measurement subspaces, and the electromagnetic beam is a part of the electromagnetic waves; the electromagnetic wave detector is not disposed in the measurement subspaces. Blocking, measuring a plurality of first intensities of the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the measuring subspaces at the photon energies, wherein the electromagnetic wave detectors are respectively disposed in the plurality of measuring subtags Spatially measuring a plurality of second intensities of the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the photon energy of each of the to-be-measured blocks, wherein the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the measurement subspaces is at the photon energy The first intensity images respectively form the first intensity images, and the second intensity images of the electromagnetic beams of each of the to-be-measured blocks at the photon energy respectively constitute the second intensity images, and the processing unit is configured according to the Through each of the measured subspaces The first intensity of the electromagnetic beam at the photon energy, the second intensity of the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the to-be-measured blocks at the photon energy, the attenuation coefficients of the substances, and The thicknesses of the substances are calculated, and each of the blocks to be tested corresponds to a plurality of first attenuation coefficients of each of the components under the electromagnetic beam illumination corresponding to the photon energies, and the first attenuation coefficients constitute the These attenuation images. The image reconstruction system of claim 13, wherein the image reconstruction system The composition includes a first component, a second component to an Nth component, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. The photon energy includes a first photon energy, a second photon energy, and an Mth photon energy. M is a positive integer greater than or equal to N, and the processing unit calculates the attenuation coefficient of the first component under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the first photon energy and the first component by using the attenuation coefficients of the substances a conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficients of the second photon energy to the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the energy of the Mth photon, and the attenuation coefficient of the second component under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the first photon energy a conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficients of the second component in the second photon energy to the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the energy of the Mth photon, to the electromagnetic component of the Nth component corresponding to the first photon energy The conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficient and the attenuation coefficients of the Nth component under the electromagnetic wave irradiation corresponding to the energy of the second photon energy to the energy of the Mth photon is utilized by the conversion relationship a conversion matrix utilizing the first intensity of the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the measurement subspaces at the photon energy and the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the to-be-tested blocks at the photon energy The second intensity establishes a proportional matrix, and the scale matrix, the conversion matrix, and the thicknesses of the objects are used to calculate that each of the blocks to be tested corresponds to the first component, the second component to the Nth component The first attenuation coefficients under the illumination of the electromagnetic beam corresponding to the first photon energy. If the application of the image reconstruction system of patentable scope of clause 14, wherein the first photon energy, the photon energy to the second photon energy of M are represented by _{E 1, E 2 ~ E M} , the first component in the The conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficient of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the first photon energy and the attenuation coefficients of the first component under the electromagnetic wave irradiation corresponding to the energy of the second photon energy to the Mth photon energy respectively Expressed as w(μ _r1 , E ₂ )~w(μ _r1 , E _M ), the attenuation coefficient of the second component under the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the first photon energy and the second component in the second photon The conversion relationship between the attenuation coefficients of the energy to the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the Mth photon energy is expressed as w(μ _r2 , E ₂ )~w(μ _r2 , E _M ), respectively, the Nth component The conversion between the attenuation coefficient of the electromagnetic wave corresponding to the first photon energy and the attenuation coefficients of the Nth component under the electromagnetic wave illumination corresponding to the energy of the second photon energy to the Mth photon relationship respectively denoted _{w (μ rN, E 2)} ~ w (μ rN, E M), which converter Array is represented as W, And the first intensities of the electromagnetic beam passing through the first photon energy and the second photon energy to the Mth photon energy of each of the measurement subspaces are represented as I _r1 (E ₁ ), I _r1 (E ₂ ) to I _r1 (E _M ), respectively, the second intensity of the electromagnetic beam passing through the electromagnetic field of the to-be-tested block at the first photon energy, the second photon energy, and the Mth photon energy Expressed as I _r2 (E ₁ ), I _r2 (E ₂ ) to I _r2 (E _M ), the scale matrix is expressed as T _r , The thickness of the object having the first component, the thickness of the object having the second component, and the thickness of the object having the Nth component are represented as t ₁ , t ₂ to t _N , respectively. The first attenuation coefficients corresponding to the first component, the second component to the Nth component, and the electromagnetic beam corresponding to the first photon energy are respectively represented as μ _r1 (E ₁ ) , μ _r1 (E ₁ ) to μ _rN (E ₁ ), the processing unit calculates, by using the following formula (1), each of the blocks to be tested corresponds to the first component, the second component to the N component The first attenuation coefficient at the first photon energy, The image reconstruction system of claim 13, wherein the electromagnetic wave comprises a plurality of the electromagnetic beams, and the electromagnetic beams respectively pass through the measurement subspaces at the same time, and the electromagnetic wave detector has the measurement submeters a plurality of sensing pixels corresponding to the space, the sensing pixels simultaneously measuring the first intensities of the electromagnetic beams at the photon energies after passing through the measuring subspaces, and the electromagnetic beams are simultaneously passed through The sensing pixels, the sensing pixels simultaneously measure the second intensities of the electromagnetic beams passing through the plurality of photon energies. The image reconstruction system of claim 16, further comprising: a control unit electrically connected to the electromagnetic wave providing unit and the electromagnetic wave detector, wherein the control unit causes the electromagnetic wave to be emitted by the electromagnetic wave providing unit The intensity of the beam is constant during the period in which the electromagnetic wave detector measures the first intensity image and the second intensity image. The image reconstruction system of claim 16, further comprising: a filter unit disposed on the transmission path of the electromagnetic beams and located between the electromagnetic wave providing unit and the measurement subspaces, the filter The light unit is configured to filter out a portion of the electromagnetic beams whose photon energy is lower than a minimum of the photon energies. The image reconstruction system of claim 13, wherein the electromagnetic wave providing unit is a pulsed electromagnetic beam providing unit, the pulsed electromagnetic beam providing unit comprises a pulsed electromagnetic wave source and a collimator. The electromagnetic wave source provides a pulsed electromagnetic wave, the pulsed electromagnetic wave is the electromagnetic wave passing through the measurement space, the collimator is disposed on the transmission path of the pulsed electromagnetic wave, the collimator has a hole, and part of the pulsed electromagnetic wave A pulsed electromagnetic beam is formed by the hole of the collimator, and the pulsed electromagnetic beam is the electromagnetic beam. The image reconstruction system of claim 19, further comprising: a control unit that scans the collimator to cause the pulsed electromagnetic beam to scan the to-be-tested blocks of the object to be tested, when the pulse When the intensity of the electromagnetic beam is substantially zero, the control unit moves the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam from a relative position of the blocks to be tested to another of the blocks to be tested, and when the pulse When the intensity of the electromagnetic beam is substantially non-zero, the control unit maintains the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam substantially stationary relative to the object to be tested, and the electromagnetic wave detector is aligned in the pulsed electromagnetic beam When the positions are respectively in the measurement subspaces, respectively, the first intensities of the electromagnetic beams passing through the measurement subspaces are measured, and the electromagnetic wave detectors respectively stay at the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beams. When the blocks to be tested are respectively measured, the second intensities of the electromagnetic beams passing through the blocks to be tested, and the processing unit records the first intensities of the electromagnetic beams after passing through each of the measured subspaces With the measurement a first correspondence of the space, the processing unit records a second correspondence between the second intensity of the electromagnetic beam passing through each of the to-be-tested blocks and the block to be tested, and the processing unit utilizes each of the corresponding The first intensity of the measurement subspace and the first correspondence establish the first intensity images, and the processing unit establishes the second intensity and the second correspondence of each of the to-be-tested blocks Second intensity image. The image reconstruction system of claim 20, wherein the control unit moves the hole of the collimator in synchronization with the electromagnetic wave detector. The image reconstruction system of claim 21, wherein when the electromagnetic wave detector measures the first intensity, the hole of the collimator, each of the measurement subspaces, and the electromagnetic wave detection a sensing area of the device is substantially aligned, and when the electromagnetic wave detector measures the second intensity, the hole of the collimator, each of the to-be-tested blocks, and the sense of the electromagnetic wave detector The measurement area is substantially aligned. For example, the image reconstruction system described in claim 21 of the patent application, wherein a first mechanism, the collimator is mounted on the first mechanism; a second mechanism, the electromagnetic wave detector is mounted on the second mechanism, and the control unit transmits the first mechanism and the second mechanism The hole of the collimator is moved in synchronization with the sensing area of the electromagnetic wave detector. An image construction method for constructing an image of a sample to be tested, the image construction method comprising: providing a pulsed electromagnetic beam; scanning the plurality of blocks to be tested of the object to be tested by using the pulsed electromagnetic beam, wherein When the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially zero, the alignment position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is moved from a relative of the blocks to be tested to the other of the blocks to be tested, and when the pulsed electromagnetic wave When the intensity of the beam is substantially non-zero, the alignment position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is maintained substantially stationary with respect to the object to be tested; when the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beam respectively stay in the blocks to be tested And measuring, respectively, the plurality of intensities of the pulsed electromagnetic beams passing through the blocks to be tested; recording the correspondence between the intensities and the blocks to be tested; and constructing the tones by using the intensities and the corresponding relationships The image of the object. The image construction method of claim 24, wherein the method for providing the pulsed electromagnetic beam comprises: providing a pulsed electromagnetic wave; and transmitting the pulsed electromagnetic wave to a collimator having a hole, wherein The pulsed electromagnetic wave of a portion of the hole forms the pulsed electromagnetic beam. The method for constructing an image according to claim 25, wherein the method for separately measuring the intensities of the electromagnetic beams passing through the blocks to be tested comprises: making the holes of the collimator and measuring the holes The electromagnetic wave detectors of the strengths move synchronously. The image construction method according to claim 26, wherein when the electromagnetic wave detector measures the intensities, the hole of the collimator, each of the to-be-tested blocks, and the electromagnetic wave detector A sensing zone is substantially aligned. An image construction system for constructing an image of a test object, the image construction system comprising: a pulsed electromagnetic beam supply unit comprising: a pulsed electromagnetic wave source, providing a pulsed electromagnetic wave; and a collimator, configured In the transmission path of the pulsed electromagnetic wave, the collimator has a hole, and part of the pulsed electromagnetic wave forms a pulsed electromagnetic beam through the hole of the collimator; a control unit moves the collimator through Having the pulsed electromagnetic beam scan a plurality of blocks to be tested of the object to be tested, and when the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially zero, the control unit causes the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam to be from the a relative movement of the test block to the other of the blocks to be tested, and when the intensity of the pulsed electromagnetic beam is substantially non-zero, the control unit causes the aligned position of the pulsed electromagnetic beam relative to the The object to be tested remains substantially stationary; an electromagnetic wave detector, when the aligned positions of the pulsed electromagnetic beams respectively stay in the blocks to be tested, respectively measure the electromagnetic beam through A plurality of strength after some test block; and a processing unit, the plurality of records corresponding to the intensity relationship between the plurality of test blocks, and using the plurality of intensity, and the correspondence of the construction of the image analyte. The image construction system of claim 28, wherein the control unit moves the hole of the collimator in synchronization with the electromagnetic wave detector for measuring the intensities. The image construction system of claim 28, wherein the control unit causes the hole of the collimator when the electromagnetic wave detector measures the intensities The hole, each of the blocks to be tested, and a sensing area of the electromagnetic wave detector are substantially aligned. The image construction system of claim 28, further comprising: a first mechanism, the collimator is mounted on the first mechanism; and a second mechanism, the electromagnetic wave detector is mounted on the second mechanism The control unit moves the hole of the collimator synchronously with the sensing area of the electromagnetic wave detector through the first mechanism and the second mechanism.