TWI504458B - Bonding method - Google Patents
Bonding method Download PDFInfo
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- TWI504458B TWI504458B TW101141095A TW101141095A TWI504458B TW I504458 B TWI504458 B TW I504458B TW 101141095 A TW101141095 A TW 101141095A TW 101141095 A TW101141095 A TW 101141095A TW I504458 B TWI504458 B TW I504458B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
- B23K20/124—Controlling or monitoring the welding process at the beginning or at the end of a weld
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/06—Tubes
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Description
本發明係有關於一種利用摩擦攪拌的金屬構件的接合方法。The present invention relates to a joining method of a metal member using friction stir.
金屬構件彼此接合的方法已知的有摩擦攪拌接合(FSW=Friction Stir Welding)。摩擦攪拌接合係使旋轉工具旋轉並沿著金屬構件彼此的突合部移動,藉由旋轉工具與金屬構件的摩擦熱而使突合部的金屬做塑性流動,藉此使金屬構件彼此做固相接合。而且,旋轉工具為一般的在呈圓柱狀的肩部的下端面突設攪拌銷(探針)。A method of joining metal members to each other is known as friction stir joining (FSW = Friction Stir Welding). The friction stir welding system rotates the rotary tool and moves along the protruding portions of the metal members, and the metal of the protruding portion is plastically flowed by the frictional heat of the rotary tool and the metal member, whereby the metal members are solid-phase bonded to each other. Further, the rotary tool has a stirring pin (probe) protruding from a lower end surface of a generally cylindrical shoulder.
於此,第29圖及第30圖為表示對一對金屬構件實施摩擦攪拌接合的習知的接合方法的立體圖。如第29圖所示,在應接合的金屬構件101的厚度比未圖示的旋轉工具的攪拌銷的長度還大的情況下,在從金屬構件101的表面102側進行摩擦攪拌後,從裡面103側進行摩擦攪拌。Here, FIG. 29 and FIG. 30 are perspective views showing a conventional joining method of performing friction stir welding on a pair of metal members. As shown in Fig. 29, when the thickness of the metal member 101 to be joined is larger than the length of the stirring pin of the rotary tool (not shown), after friction stir from the surface 102 side of the metal member 101, from the inside The 103 side was subjected to friction stirring.
即,習知的接合方法中,沿著金屬構件101的突合部104(二點虛線)從表面102及裡面103的兩側進行攪拌摩擦,由攪拌摩擦所形成的塑性化區域105、106的厚度方向的中央部份接觸而接合。藉此,在突合部104中,可無間隙地接合。此種接合方法在下述的文獻1中有揭露。That is, in the conventional joining method, the frictional friction is performed from the both sides of the surface 102 and the inner surface 103 along the protruding portion 104 (two-dotted broken line) of the metal member 101, and the thickness of the plasticized regions 105, 106 formed by the frictional friction is formed. The central portion of the direction contacts and engages. Thereby, the joint portion 104 can be joined without a gap. Such a joining method is disclosed in the following Document 1.
文獻1 特開2005-131666號公報(參照第7圖)Document 1 JP-A-2005-131666 (refer to Figure 7)
然而,如第30圖所示,在需接合的金屬構件111的厚度大的情況下,即使從表面102以及裡面103進行摩擦攪拌,突合部104(二點虛線)的中央部可能會產未接合部。即,相對於未圖示的旋轉工具的攪拌銷的長度,金屬構件111的厚度相當大的情況下,即使從金屬構件111的表面102及裡面103進行攪拌摩擦,也無法接觸塑性化區域105、106的厚度方向的中央部分,因此在突合部104的中央部會產生間隙119。如此,當從一邊的側面107至另一邊的側面108連續產生間隙119時,會有側面107及側面108的水密性及氣密性降低的問題。However, as shown in Fig. 30, in the case where the thickness of the metal member 111 to be joined is large, even if the friction is stirred from the surface 102 and the inner surface 103, the central portion of the protruding portion 104 (two-dotted line) may be unjoined. unit. In other words, when the thickness of the metal member 111 is relatively large with respect to the length of the stirring pin of the rotary tool (not shown), even if the friction is rubbed from the surface 102 and the inner surface 103 of the metal member 111, the plasticized region 105 cannot be contacted. The central portion of the 106 in the thickness direction is such that a gap 119 is formed in the central portion of the protruding portion 104. As described above, when the gap 119 is continuously generated from the side surface 107 of one side to the side surface 108 of the other side, there is a problem that the watertightness and airtightness of the side surface 107 and the side surface 108 are lowered.
於此,對應於金屬構件111的厚度而使旋轉工1具的攪拌銷的長度變大,藉由從表面102及裡面103進行摩擦攪拌,可以無間隙地接合金屬構件111彼此之間。但是,旋轉工具由於將攪拌銷埋沒於金屬構件111內而邊高速旋轉邊移動,當攪拌銷的長度變大時,作用於摩擦攪拌裝置的驅動裝置及攪拌銷的負荷變大,會導致裝置的短壽命化的問題。Here, the length of the stirring pin of the rotary tool 1 is increased in accordance with the thickness of the metal member 111, and by friction stir from the surface 102 and the inner surface 103, the metal members 111 can be joined without any gap. However, since the rotary tool is moved while rotating at a high speed by burying the stirring pin in the metal member 111, when the length of the stirring pin becomes large, the load acting on the driving device of the friction stirrer and the stirring pin becomes large, which may result in the device. The problem of short life.
又,如第29圖及第30圖所示,在塑性化區域105、106中,可能從一邊的側面107至另一邊的側面108產生連續的空洞缺陷109。上述的空洞缺陷109為在金屬構件101、111的側面107及側面108之間造成水密性及氣密性 降低的問題。Further, as shown in Figs. 29 and 30, in the plasticized regions 105 and 106, a continuous void defect 109 may be generated from the side surface 107 on one side to the side surface 108 on the other side. The void defect 109 described above causes watertightness and airtightness between the side surface 107 and the side surface 108 of the metal members 101 and 111. Reduced problems.
從此觀點而言,本發明提供一種接合方法,從金屬構件的表面側及裡面側進行摩擦攪拌之同時,可提高金屬構件的兩側面之間的氣密性及水密性。From this point of view, the present invention provides a joining method for improving the airtightness and watertightness between both side faces of a metal member while performing friction stirring from the front side and the back side of the metal member.
為了解決此問題,本發明的接合方法為第一金屬構件與第二金屬構件突合而相對於被接合金屬構件使旋轉工具移動而進行摩擦攪拌,包括:第一本接合工程,相對於上述第一金屬構件與上述第二金屬構件的突合部,從上述被接合金屬構件的表面側進行摩擦攪拌;第二本接合工程,相對於上述突合部而從上述被接合金屬構件的裡面側進行摩擦攪拌;第三本接合工程,相對於上述突合部而從上述被接合金屬構件的一邊的側面側進行摩擦攪拌;第四本接合工程,相對於上述突合部而從上述被接合金屬構件的另一邊的側面側進行摩擦攪拌;熔接工程,在進行上述第一本接合工程之前,在上述突合部的兩側配置一對突出材,將由上述突出材與上述被接合金屬構件所形成的內側角部熔接作假接合;以及突出材切除工程,在上述第二本接合工程之後,將該對突出材從該被接合金屬構件切除,其中在上述第一本接合工程以及第二本接合工程所形成的塑性化區域與在上述第三本接合工程以及第四本接合工程所形成的的塑性化區域為重複。In order to solve the problem, the joining method of the present invention is such that the first metal member and the second metal member are combined to move the rotating tool relative to the joined metal member to perform friction stir, including: the first bonding work, relative to the first The protruding portion of the metal member and the second metal member is frictionally stirred from the surface side of the joined metal member; and the second bonding process is performed by friction stir from the back side of the joined metal member with respect to the protruding portion; In the third bonding process, friction stir is performed from the side surface side of one side of the joined metal member with respect to the protruding portion, and the fourth joining process is performed from the side of the other side of the joined metal member with respect to the protruding portion The side is subjected to friction stir; and the welding process is performed, before the first bonding work is performed, a pair of protruding materials are disposed on both sides of the protruding portion, and the inner corner portion formed by the protruding material and the joined metal member is welded to be falsely joined And the protruding material removal project, after the second joint project mentioned above, the pair is highlighted Excised from the joined metal member, wherein the plasticized region formed by the first bonding process and the second bonding process and the plasticized region formed by the third bonding process and the fourth bonding process are repeat.
根據上述接合方法,相對於突合部從被接合金屬構件的表面側及裡面側進行摩擦攪拌後,使相對於突合部從被接合 金屬構件的側面側進行摩擦攪拌的塑性化區域重複,在側面之間不會產生連續的間隙。藉此,可提升兩側面之間的氣密性及水密性。又,藉由使用突出材,可迅速地進行假接合工程及本接合工程且作修飾而得到面美觀的接合。According to the above-described joining method, the frictional agitation is performed from the surface side and the back side of the joined metal member with respect to the protruding portion, and then the joint portion is engaged with the protruding portion. The plasticized region where the side surface side of the metal member is subjected to friction stir is repeated, and a continuous gap is not generated between the side faces. Thereby, the airtightness and watertightness between the two sides can be improved. Moreover, by using the protruding material, the false joining process and the joining work can be quickly performed and modified to obtain a beautiful joint.
又,本發明的接合方法為第一金屬構件與第二金屬構件突合而相對於被接合金屬構件使旋轉工具移動而進行摩擦攪拌,包括:第一本接合工程,相對於上述第一金屬構件與上述第二金屬構件的突合部,從上述被接合金屬構件的表面側進行摩擦攪拌;第二本接合工程,相對於上述突合部而從上述被接合金屬構件的裡面側進行摩擦攪拌;第三本接合工程,相對於上述突合部而從上述被接合金屬構件的一邊的側面側進行摩擦攪拌;第四本接合工程,相對於上述突合部而從上述被接合金屬構件的另一邊的側面側進行摩擦攪拌;熔接工程,在進行上述第三本接合工程之前,在上述突合部的兩側配置一對突出材,將由上述突出材與上述被接合金屬構件所形成的內側角部熔接作假接合;以及突出材切除工程,在上述第四本接合工程之後,將該對突出材從該被接合金屬構件切除,其中在上述第一本接合工程以及第二本接合工程所形成的塑性化區域與在上述第三本接合工程以及第四本接合工程所形成的的塑性化區域為重複。Further, in the joining method of the present invention, the first metal member and the second metal member are protruded, and the rotating tool is moved to perform friction stir with respect to the joined metal member, and the first joining process is performed with respect to the first metal member. The protruding portion of the second metal member is frictionally agitated from the surface side of the joined metal member; and the second bonding process is performed by friction stir from the back side of the joined metal member with respect to the protruding portion; In the joining process, friction stir is performed from the side surface side of one side of the joined metal member with respect to the protruding portion, and the fourth joining process rubs the side surface side of the other side of the joined metal member with respect to the protruding portion. a stirring process, before performing the third bonding process, a pair of protruding materials are disposed on both sides of the protruding portion, and the inner corner portion formed by the protruding material and the joined metal member is welded to be falsely joined; and protruding Material cutting process, after the fourth bonding work described above, the pair of protruding materials are joined from the material Genus removal member, wherein the plastic in the first region and the second project present this engagement engaging works with repeating formed in the plastic region of the third and the fourth construction of the present joining this joining works formed.
根據上述接合方法,相對於突合部從被接合金屬構件的表面側及裡面側進行摩擦攪拌後,使相對於突合部從被接合金屬構件的側面側進行摩擦攪拌的塑性化區域重複,在側面 之間不會產生連續的間隙。藉此,可提升兩側面之間的氣密性及水密性。又,藉由使用突出材,可迅速地進行假接合工程及本接合工程且作修飾而得到面美觀的接合。According to the above-described joining method, the frictional agitation is performed on the surface side and the back side of the joined metal member with respect to the protruding portion, and then the plasticized region that is frictionally stirred from the side surface side of the joined metal member with respect to the protruding portion is repeated. There will be no continuous gaps between them. Thereby, the airtightness and watertightness between the two sides can be improved. Moreover, by using the protruding material, the false joining process and the joining work can be quickly performed and modified to obtain a beautiful joint.
又,在進行上述第一至第四本接合工程至少其中之一以前,進行對上述突合部假接合的假接合工程。Further, before performing at least one of the first to fourth bonding processes described above, a dummy joining process for the false engagement of the protruding portion is performed.
在進行第一乃至第四本接合工程之際,由於旋轉工具被壓入第一金屬構件及第二金屬構件的突合部,第一金屬構件及第二金屬構件拉離的力作用,突合部會產生開孔。但根據上述的接合方法,在第一至第四接合工程之前,對突合部進行假接合,而可適當地進行第一至第四本接合工程。When the first to the fourth bonding work is performed, since the rotary tool is pressed into the protruding portion of the first metal member and the second metal member, the force of the first metal member and the second metal member is pulled apart, and the protruding portion is Create an opening. However, according to the above-described joining method, the first and fourth joining works can be appropriately performed by performing false joining of the protruding portions before the first to fourth joining processes.
又,最好更包括一預備工程,在上述突合部的兩側配置一對突出材,上述突出材與上述被接合金屬構件的突合部預備性地進行摩擦攪拌。Further, it is preferable to further include a preliminary project in which a pair of projecting members are disposed on both sides of the protruding portion, and the protruding portion and the protruding portion of the joined metal member are preliminarily frictionally stirred.
又,最好在上述旋轉工具的插入預定位置上形成預定的下穴。根據上述的接合方法,減低將旋轉工具壓入插入預定位置之際所產生的插入阻抗之同時,由於旋轉工具被導引至下穴,可精確而迅速地進行摩擦攪拌。Further, it is preferable that a predetermined lower hole is formed at a predetermined insertion position of the rotary tool. According to the above-described joining method, the insertion resistance generated when the rotary tool is pressed into the predetermined position is reduced, and since the rotary tool is guided to the lower hole, the friction stir can be accurately and quickly performed.
根據本發明的接合方法,從金屬構件的表面側及裡面側對金屬構件彼此的突合部進行摩擦攪拌之同時,可提升金屬構件的兩側面間的氣密性及水密性。According to the joining method of the present invention, the protruding portions of the metal members are frictionally stirred from the surface side and the back side of the metal member, and the airtightness and watertightness between the both side faces of the metal member can be improved.
本發明的接合方法,如第1圖所示,使第一金屬構件 1a與第二金屬構件1b突合的被接合金屬構件1的外周4邊作摩擦攪拌而接合之際,分別設定本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向及行進方向。The joining method of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1, the first metal member is made When the outer periphery 4 of the joined metal member 1 that is in contact with the second metal member 1b is joined by friction stir, the rotation direction and the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool G are set.
首先,對本實施形態的接合方法的被接合金屬構件1作詳細說明之同時,對於在接合該被接合金屬構件1之際所使用的第一突出材與第二突出材作詳細的說明。First, the joined metal member 1 of the joining method of the present embodiment will be described in detail, and the first projecting member and the second projecting member used for joining the joined metal member 1 will be described in detail.
被接合金屬構件1,如第2圖所示,在本實施形態中,由斷面呈矩形的第一金屬構件1a及第二金屬構件1b所構成,藉由個別的端面突合而形成突合部J1。第一金屬構件1a及第二金屬構件1b,在本實施形態中,為相同組成的金屬材料,例如鋁、鋁合金、銅、銅合金、鈦、鈦合金、鎂、鎂合金等可摩擦攪拌的金屬材料所構成。雖然第一金屬構件1a及第二金屬構件1b的形狀、尺寸並無特別限制,最好是至少突合部J1中的厚度尺寸為相同。As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the joined metal member 1 is composed of a first metal member 1a and a second metal member 1b having a rectangular cross section, and the protruding portions J1 are formed by individual end faces. . In the present embodiment, the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b are metal materials having the same composition, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, etc., which can be friction stir. Made of metal materials. Although the shape and size of the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b are not particularly limited, it is preferable that at least the thickness dimension in the protruding portion J1 is the same.
而且,如第1圖所示,被接合金屬構件1的表面為表面A、裡面為裡面B、一邊的側面為第一側面C、另一邊的側面為第二側面D。又,在本實施形態中的上下左右前後係按照第1圖的箭號。Further, as shown in Fig. 1, the surface of the joined metal member 1 is the front surface A, the inner surface is the inner surface B, the side surface on one side is the first side surface C, and the side surface on the other side is the second side surface D. Further, in the vertical and horizontal directions in the present embodiment, the arrows in the first drawing are used.
如第2(a)圖及第2(b)圖所示,第一突出材2及第二突出材3係配置成夾持被接合金屬構件1的突合部J1,分別添設於被接合金屬構件1,而覆蓋隱藏呈現於第一側面C及第二側面D的第一金屬構件1a與第二金屬構件1b的接縫(邊界線)。雖然第一突出材2及第二突出材3的材質並無限制,在本實施形態中,用與被接合金屬構件1相同組 成的金屬材料形成。又,雖然第一突出材2及第二突出材3的形狀、尺寸並無特別限制,在本實施形態中,其厚度尺寸與突合部J1中的被接合金屬構件1的厚度尺寸相同。As shown in the second (a) and second (b), the first projecting member 2 and the second projecting member 3 are disposed so as to sandwich the protruding portion J1 of the joined metal member 1 and are respectively attached to the joined metal. The member 1 covers the seam (boundary line) of the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b which are present on the first side surface C and the second side surface D. Although the material of the first projecting member 2 and the second projecting member 3 is not limited, in the present embodiment, the same group as the joined metal member 1 is used. The formed metal material is formed. Moreover, although the shape and size of the first projecting material 2 and the second projecting material 3 are not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, the thickness dimension thereof is the same as the thickness dimension of the joined metal member 1 in the protruding portion J1.
接著,參照第4圖,針對用於假接合工程的旋轉工具F(以下稱「假接合用旋轉工具F」)以及用於本接合工程的旋轉工具G(以下稱「本接合用旋轉工具G」)作詳細說明。Next, referring to Fig. 4, the rotary tool F (hereinafter referred to as "false joint rotary tool F") for the false joint work and the rotary tool G for the joint work (hereinafter referred to as "the joint rotary tool G" ) for a detailed description.
第4(a)圖所示的假接合用旋轉工具F具有由工具鋼等比被接合金屬構件1還硬質的金屬材料所構成而呈圓柱狀的肩部F1以及突設於該肩部F1的下端面F11的攪拌銷(探針)F2。假接合用旋轉工具F的尺寸、形狀雖然可對應於被接合金屬構件1的材質及厚度而設定,但至少比後述的第一本接合工程所使用的本接合用旋轉工具G(參照第4(b)圖)還小型。如此,由於可以使用比本接合還小的負荷進行假接合,可減低假接合時摩擦攪拌裝置所需的負荷,而且由於假接合用旋轉工具F的移動速度(輸送速度)比本接合用旋轉估具G的移動速度還高速,可減低假接合所需要的作業時間及成本。The dummy joining rotary tool F shown in Fig. 4(a) has a shoulder portion F1 which is formed of a metal material which is harder than the joined metal member 1 such as tool steel, and which is formed in a columnar shape and protrudes from the shoulder portion F1. Stirring pin (probe) F2 of lower end face F11. The size and shape of the dummy joining rotary tool F can be set in accordance with the material and thickness of the joined metal member 1, but at least the joining rotary tool G used in the first joining work described later (see the fourth ( b) Figure) is still small. In this way, since the dummy engagement can be performed using a load smaller than the present engagement, the load required for the friction stirrer at the time of the false engagement can be reduced, and the moving speed (transport speed) of the dummy joining rotary tool F is estimated to be larger than the joint rotation. The moving speed of the G is also high speed, which can reduce the working time and cost required for the false joint.
肩部F1的下端面F11為推壓塑性流動化的金屬而防止朝周圍飛散的部位,在本實施形態中,形成凹面狀。雖然並無特別限制肩部F1的外徑X1 的大小,在本實施形態中,比本接合用旋轉工具G的肩部G1的外徑Y1 還小。The lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1 is a portion that presses the plastic fluidized metal to prevent scattering toward the surroundings. In the present embodiment, the concave surface is formed in a concave shape. Although the outer diameter X 1 of the shoulder portion F1 is not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, it is smaller than the outer diameter Y 1 of the shoulder portion G1 of the joining rotary tool G.
攪拌銷F2係從肩部F1的下端面F11的中央垂下,在本實施形態中,形成前端細的圓錐台。又,在攪拌銷F2的周面,形成設置成螺旋狀的攪拌翼。雖然攪拌銷F2的外徑 大小並無特別限制,在本實施形態中,最大外徑(上端直徑)X2 比本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2的最大外徑(上端直徑)Y2 還小,而且最小外徑(下端直徑)X3 比攪拌銷G2的最小外徑(下端直徑)Y3 還小。攪拌銷F2的長度L2 最好比本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2的長度L1 (參照第4(b)圖)還小。The stirring pin F2 hangs from the center of the lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1. In the present embodiment, a tapered truncated cone is formed. Further, on the circumferential surface of the stirring pin F2, a stirring blade provided in a spiral shape is formed. The outer diameter of the stirring pin F2 is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, the maximum outer diameter (upper end diameter) X 2 is larger than the maximum outer diameter (upper end diameter) Y 2 of the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G. It is small, and the minimum outer diameter (lower end diameter) X 3 is smaller than the minimum outer diameter (lower end diameter) Y 3 of the stirring pin G2. The length L 2 of the stirring pin F2 is preferably smaller than the length L 1 of the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G (see FIG. 4(b)).
如第4(b)圖所示,本接合用旋轉工具G具有由工具鋼等比被接合金屬構件1還硬質的金屬材料形成而呈圓柱狀的肩部G1以及突設於該肩部G1的下端面G11的攪拌銷(探針)G2。As shown in Fig. 4(b), the joining rotary tool G has a shoulder portion G1 which is formed of a metal material which is harder than the joined metal member 1 such as tool steel, and which is formed in a columnar shape and protrudes from the shoulder portion G1. Stirring pin (probe) G2 of lower end face G11.
肩部G1的下端面G11與假接合用旋轉工具相同形成凹面狀。攪拌銷G2從肩部G1的下端面G11的中央垂下,在本實施形態中,形成前端細的圓錐台狀。又,在攪拌銷G2的周面,形成設置成螺旋狀的攪拌翼。The lower end surface G11 of the shoulder G1 is formed into a concave shape in the same manner as the dummy joining rotary tool. The stirring pin G2 hangs from the center of the lower end surface G11 of the shoulder portion G1, and in the present embodiment, a tapered truncated cone shape is formed. Further, on the circumferential surface of the stirring pin G2, a stirring blade provided in a spiral shape is formed.
以下,詳細說明本實施形態的接合方法。本實施形態的接合方法包含(1)第一準備工程、(2)第一預備工程、(3)第一本接合工程、(4)第二準備工程、(5)第二預備工程、(6)第二本接合工程、(7)突出材切除工程、(8)第三準備工程、(9)第三預備工程、(10)第三本接合工程、(11)第四準備工程、(12)第四預備工程、(13)第四本接合工程、(14)突出材切除工程。Hereinafter, the bonding method of this embodiment will be described in detail. The joining method of the present embodiment includes (1) a first preparatory work, (2) a first preparatory work, (3) a first joining work, (4) a second preparatory work, and (5) a second preparatory work, (6) ) The second joint project, (7) the protruding material cutting project, (8) the third preparatory project, (9) the third preparatory project, (10) the third joint project, and (11) the fourth preparatory project, (12) The fourth preparatory work, (13) the fourth joint project, and (14) the protruding material removal project.
而且,如第1圖所示,(2)第一預備工程及(3)第一本接合工程是從表面A側實施的工程,(5)第二預備工程及(6)第二本接合工程是從裡面B側實施的工程,(9)第三預備工 程及(10)第三本接合工程是從第一側面C側實施的工程,(12)第四預備工程及(13)第四本接合工程是從第二側面D側實施的工程。在本實施形態中,假接合用旋轉工具F及本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向全部都是向右旋轉。如此,假接合用旋轉工具F及本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向統一,可節省作業程序。Further, as shown in Fig. 1, (2) the first preliminary work and (3) the first joint work is a work carried out from the surface A side, (5) the second preliminary work, and (6) the second joint work It is the work carried out from the B side inside, (9) The third preparatory work (10) The third joining work is a work performed from the first side C side, (12) the fourth preparatory work, and (13) the fourth joining work is a work performed from the second side D side. In the present embodiment, all of the rotation directions of the dummy joining rotary tool F and the joining rotary tool G are rotated to the right. In this way, the rotation directions of the dummy joining rotary tool F and the joining rotary tool G are unified, and the work program can be saved.
(1)第一準備工程(1) First preparation project
參照第2圖及第3圖說明第一準備工程。第一準備工程為準備抵接構件(第一突出材2及第二突出材3)的工程,抵接構件設置了第一及第二本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置及結束位置。第一準備工程在本實施形態中包括使第一金屬構件1a及第二金屬構件1b突合(1-1)的突合工程、將第一突出材2與第二突出材3配置於被接合金屬構件1的突合部J1的兩側(1-2)的突出材配置工程、藉由熔接第一突出材2與第二突出材3而假接合於被接合金屬構件1(1-3)的熔接工程、將被接合金屬構件1設置於未圖示的摩擦攪拌裝置的台架上(1-4)的設置工程。The first preparation project will be described with reference to Figs. 2 and 3. The first preparation process is a process of preparing the abutting members (the first projecting member 2 and the second projecting member 3), and the abutting member is provided with the start position and the end position of the friction stir in the first and second joining processes. In the first embodiment, the first preparation project includes a projecting process of projecting the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b (1-1), and disposing the first projecting member 2 and the second projecting member 3 on the joined metal member. The projecting material arrangement of the both sides (1-2) of the protruding portion J1 of 1 and the welding of the joined metal member 1 (1-3) by welding the first projecting member 2 and the second projecting member 3 The installation of the joined metal member 1 on the gantry (1-4) of the friction stirrer (not shown) is provided.
(1-1)突合工程(1-1) Projection
在突合工程中,如第2圖及第3圖所示,使第二金屬構件1b的端面11b密接於第一金屬構件1a的端面11a。又,第一金屬構件1a的表面12a與第二金屬構件1b的表面12b齊平,而且,第一金屬構件1a的裡面13a與第二金屬構件1b的裡面13b齊平。又,同樣地,第一金屬構件1a的第一側面14a與第二金屬構件1b的第一側面14b齊 平,第一金屬構件1a的第二側面15a與第二金屬構件1b的第二側面15b齊平。In the projecting process, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the end surface 11b of the second metal member 1b is brought into close contact with the end surface 11a of the first metal member 1a. Further, the surface 12a of the first metal member 1a is flush with the surface 12b of the second metal member 1b, and the inner surface 13a of the first metal member 1a is flush with the inner surface 13b of the second metal member 1b. Also, similarly, the first side surface 14a of the first metal member 1a is flush with the first side surface 14b of the second metal member 1b. Flat, the second side surface 15a of the first metal member 1a is flush with the second side surface 15b of the second metal member 1b.
而且,表面A係由第一金屬構件1a的表面12a與第二金屬構件1b的表面12b所形成,裡面B係由第一金屬構件1a的裡面13a與第二金屬構件1b的裡面13b所形成,第一側面C係由第一金屬構件1a的第一側面14a與第二金屬構件1b的第一側面14b所形成,第二側面D係由第一金屬構件1a的第二側面15a與第二金屬構件1b的第二側面15b所形成。Further, the surface A is formed by the surface 12a of the first metal member 1a and the surface 12b of the second metal member 1b, and the inside B is formed by the inner surface 13a of the first metal member 1a and the inner surface 13b of the second metal member 1b. The first side surface C is formed by the first side surface 14a of the first metal member 1a and the first side surface 14b of the second metal member 1b, and the second side surface D is formed by the second side surface 15a of the first metal member 1a and the second metal The second side 15b of the member 1b is formed.
(1-2)突出材配置工程(1-2) Projection configuration project
在突出材配置工程中,如第2(b)圖所示,在突合部J1的第一側面C側配置第一突出材2,使該抵接面21抵接於第一側面C。而且,將第二突出材3配置於突合部J1的第二側面D,使該抵接面31抵接於第二側面D。此時,如第3(b)圖所示,第一突出材2的表面22與第二突出材3的表面32與被接合金屬構件1的表面A齊平,同時第一突出材2的裡面23與第二突出材3的裡面33與被接合金屬構件1的裡面B齊平。In the projecting material arrangement, as shown in FIG. 2(b), the first projecting material 2 is disposed on the first side face C side of the protruding portion J1, and the abutting surface 21 is brought into contact with the first side face C. Further, the second projecting member 3 is disposed on the second side face D of the protruding portion J1, and the abutting surface 31 is brought into contact with the second side face D. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3(b), the surface 22 of the first protruding member 2 and the surface 32 of the second protruding member 3 are flush with the surface A of the joined metal member 1, while the inside of the first protruding member 2 is 23 and the inner side 33 of the second projecting member 3 are flush with the inner side B of the joined metal member 1.
(1-3)熔接工程(1-3) Welding engineering
在熔接工程中,如第2(a)及2(b)圖所示,由被接合金屬構件1與第一突出材2所形成的內側角部2a、2b被熔接而使被接合金屬構件1與第一突出材2作假接合。而且,由被接合金屬構件1與第二突出材3所形成的內側角部3a、3b被熔接而使被接合金屬構件1與第二突出材3作假 接合。而且,可跨越內側角部2a、2b及3a、3b的全長而連續實施熔接,斷續地實施熔接亦可。In the welding process, as shown in the second (a) and second (b) drawings, the inner corner portions 2a, 2b formed by the joined metal member 1 and the first projecting member 2 are welded to each other to join the metal member 1 A false engagement with the first protrusion 2 is made. Further, the inner corner portions 3a, 3b formed by the joined metal member 1 and the second protruding member 3 are welded to make the joined metal member 1 and the second protruding member 3 falsify Engage. Further, the welding may be continuously performed across the entire length of the inner corner portions 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b, and the welding may be performed intermittently.
(1-4)設置工程(1-4) Setting up the project
在設置工程中,將假接合第一突出材2及第二突出材3後的被接合金屬構件1被載置於未圖示的摩擦攪拌裝置的台架上,例如使用夾具(clamp)而限制成不能移動。本實施形態的上述摩擦攪拌裝置為從被接合金屬構件1的上方進行摩擦攪拌而設定的裝置。In the installation process, the joined metal member 1 after the first projecting member 2 and the second projecting member 3 are falsely joined is placed on a gantry of a friction stirrer (not shown), for example, by using a clamp. Can not move. The friction stirrer of the present embodiment is a device that is set by friction stir from above the joined metal member 1.
而且,在第一準備工程中,在省略熔接工程的情況下,在未圖示的摩擦攪拌裝置的台架上,可實施突合工程與突出材配置工程。Further, in the first preparation process, when the welding process is omitted, the projecting of the projecting and projecting of the projecting material can be performed on the gantry of the friction stirrer (not shown).
(2)第一預備工程(2) First preparatory work
第一預備工程為在第一本接合工程之前所進行的先期工程,在本實施形態中,包括:在表面A側使被接合金屬構件1與第二突出材3的突合部J3接合(2-1)的第二突出材接合工程、接合被接合金屬構件1的突合部J1的(2-2)假接合工程、使被接合金屬構件1與第一突出材2的突合部J2接合(2-3)的第一突出材接合工程、將下穴形成於第一本接合工程的摩擦攪拌的開始位置(2-4)的下穴形成工程。The first preparatory work is a preliminary work performed before the first joining work, and in the present embodiment, the joining of the joined metal member 1 and the protruding portion J3 of the second protruding member 3 is performed on the surface A side (2- The second projecting material joining work of 1), the (2-2) false joining process of joining the protruding portion J1 of the joined metal member 1, and the joining of the joined metal member 1 and the protruding portion J2 of the first protruding material 2 (2- 3) The first projecting material joining process, the lower hole forming process in which the lower hole is formed at the start position (2-4) of the friction stir of the first joining work.
在第一預備工程中,如第6圖所示,使一個假接合用旋轉工具F移動而形成連續的移動軌跡,對於突合部J3、J1、J2連續地進行摩擦攪拌。即,使插入摩擦攪拌之開始位置SP1 的假接合用旋轉工具F的攪拌銷F2(參照第4(a) 圖)在中途不脫離而移動至結束位置EP1 為止。而且,在本實施形態中,雖然將摩擦攪拌的開始位置SP1 設於第二突出材3,將結束位置EP1 設於第一突出材2,但開始位置SP1 與結束位置EP1 的位置並無限定。In the first preparatory work, as shown in Fig. 6, one of the false engagement rotary tools F is moved to form a continuous movement trajectory, and the frictional agitation is continuously performed on the projections J3, J1, and J2. In other words, the stirring pin F2 (see FIG. 4(a)) of the dummy joining rotary tool F inserted into the friction stirring start position S P1 is moved to the end position E P1 without departing from the middle. Further, in the present embodiment, the start position S P1 of the friction stir is provided in the second protrusion 3, and the end position E P1 is provided in the first protrusion 2, but the position of the start position S P1 and the end position E P1 is set. There is no limit.
本實施形態的第一預備工程中的摩擦攪拌的程序係參照第5及第6圖作更詳細的說明。The procedure of the friction stir in the first preparatory work of the present embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to Figs. 5 and 6.
首先,如第5(a)圖所示,使假接合用旋轉工具F位於設置在第二突出材3的適當部位的開始位置SP1 的正上方,接著使假接合用旋轉工具F邊右旋轉邊下降而將攪拌銷F2壓於開始位置SP1 上。假接合用旋轉工具F的旋轉速度雖然對應於攪拌銷F2的尺寸、形狀、進行摩擦攪拌的被接合金屬構件1等的材質及厚度等而作設定,但大多的情況下是設定於500~2000(rpm)的範圍內。First, as shown in Fig. 5(a), the dummy joining rotary tool F is placed directly above the start position S P1 of the appropriate portion of the second protruding member 3, and then the dummy joining rotary tool F is rotated to the right side. The stirring pin F2 is pressed against the starting position S P1 . The rotational speed of the dummy joining rotary tool F is set in accordance with the size and shape of the stirring pin F2, the material and thickness of the joined metal member 1 for performing friction stir, and the like, but in many cases, it is set at 500 to 2000. Within the range of (rpm).
當攪拌銷F2與第二突出材3的表面32接觸時,由摩擦熱使攪拌銷F2周圍的金屬塑性流動化,如第5(b)圖所示,攪拌銷F2被插入第二突出材3。When the stirring pin F2 comes into contact with the surface 32 of the second protruding member 3, the metal around the stirring pin F2 is plastically fluidized by frictional heat, and as shown in FIG. 5(b), the stirring pin F2 is inserted into the second protruding member 3. .
攪拌銷F2全體進入第二突出材3且肩部F1的下端面F11的全面接觸於第二突出材3的表面32後,如第6圖所示,使假接合用旋轉工具F旋轉而向第二突出材接合工程的起點s2作相對移動。After the entire stirring pin F2 enters the second protruding material 3 and the lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1 is in full contact with the surface 32 of the second protruding material 3, as shown in FIG. 6, the dummy joining rotary tool F is rotated to the second The starting point s2 of the projecting joint project is relatively moved.
假接合用旋轉工具F的移動速度(輸送速度)雖然對應於攪拌銷F2的尺寸、形狀、進行摩擦攪拌的被接合金屬構件1等的材質及厚度等而作設定,但大多的情況下是設定於100~1000(mm/分)的範圍內。假接合用旋轉工具移動時 的旋轉速度插入時的旋轉速度相同或比較低。而且,使假接合用旋轉工具F移動之際,雖然肩部F1的軸線相對於鉛直線而朝行進方向的後方稍微傾斜,若不傾斜而呈鉛直,假接合用旋轉工具F的方向轉換容易,可做複雜的動作。使假接合用旋轉工具F移動時,其攪拌銷F2的周圍的金屬依次塑性流動化,同時再在從攪拌銷F2分離的位置上,塑性流動化的金屬再度硬化。The moving speed (transport speed) of the dummy joining rotary tool F is set in accordance with the size and shape of the stirring pin F2, the material and thickness of the joined metal member 1 that performs friction stir, and the like. However, in many cases, the setting is made. In the range of 100~1000 (mm/min). When the fake joint is moved by the rotary tool The rotation speed at the time of insertion is the same or lower. Further, when the dummy joining rotary tool F is moved, the axis of the shoulder portion F1 is slightly inclined toward the rear in the traveling direction with respect to the straight line of the lead, and is vertically inclined without being inclined, and the direction of the dummy joining rotary tool F is easily changed. Do complicated exercises. When the dummy joining rotary tool F is moved, the metal around the stirring pin F2 is plastically fluidized in order, and at the same time, the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again at the position separated from the stirring pin F2.
使假接合用旋轉工具F作相對移動而連續地進行摩擦攪拌直到第二突出材接合工程的起點s2為止,在起點s2使假接合用旋轉工具F不脫離而移行至第二突出材接合工程。When the dummy joining rotary tool F is relatively moved and the friction stir is continuously performed until the starting point s2 of the second protruding material joining process, the dummy joining rotary tool F is moved to the second protruding material joining process without departing from the starting point s2.
(2-1)第二突出材接合工程(2-1) Second protruding material joint project
在第二突出材接合工程中,對於第二突出材3與被接合金屬構件1的突合部J3進行摩擦攪拌。具體而言,將摩擦攪拌的路徑(route)設定在被接合金屬構件1與第二突出材3的接縫(邊界線)上,藉由沿著該路徑使假接合用旋轉工具作相對移動,對於突合部J3進行摩擦攪拌。而且,在本實施形態中,使假接合用旋轉工具F在圖中不脫離而從第一突出材接合工程s2至終點e2連續地進行摩擦攪拌。In the second projecting material joining process, the second protruding member 3 and the protruding portion J3 of the joined metal member 1 are frictionally stirred. Specifically, a route of friction stir is set on a joint (boundary line) of the joined metal member 1 and the second protruding member 3, and the dummy joining rotary tool is relatively moved along the path. The joint portion J3 is subjected to friction stirring. Further, in the present embodiment, the dummy joining rotary tool F is continuously frictionally agitated from the first projecting material joining work s2 to the end point e2 without departing from the drawing.
而且,使假接合用旋轉工具F作右旋轉的情況下,由於假接合用旋轉工具F的行進方向的左側會有產生微細的空洞缺陷之虞,因此最好設定第二突出材接合工程的起點s2與終點e2的位置,使被接合金屬構件1位於假接合用旋轉工具F的行進方向的右側。如此,由於空洞缺陷難以 產生於被接合金屬構件1側,而可得到高品質的接合體。Further, when the dummy joining rotary tool F is rotated rightward, since the left side of the traveling direction of the dummy joining rotary tool F has a fine void defect, it is preferable to set the starting point s2 of the second protruding material joining work. At the position of the end point e2, the joined metal member 1 is positioned on the right side in the traveling direction of the dummy joining rotary tool F. So, it is difficult due to void defects It is produced on the side of the joined metal member 1 to obtain a high-quality joined body.
即,當使假接合用旋轉工具F左旋轉時,由於假接合用旋轉工具F的行進方向的右側會有產生微細的空洞缺陷之虞,因此最好設定第二突出材接合工程的起點與終點的位置,使被接合金屬構件1位於假接合用旋轉工具F的行進方向的左側。具體而言,雖然圖式省略,但可將起點設置於假接合用旋轉工具F作右旋轉時的終點e2,將終點設置於假接合用旋轉工具F右旋轉時的起點s2的位置。In other words, when the dummy joining rotary tool F is rotated to the left, since the right side of the traveling direction of the dummy joining rotary tool F has a fine void defect, it is preferable to set the start point and the end point of the second protruding material joining work. The position is such that the engaged metal member 1 is located on the left side in the traveling direction of the dummy joining rotary tool F. Specifically, although the drawing is omitted, the starting point may be set to the end point e2 when the dummy joining rotary tool F is rotated rightward, and the end point may be set to the position of the starting point s2 when the false joining rotary tool F is rotated rightward.
而且,當假接合用旋轉工具F的攪拌銷F2進入突合部J3時,雖然被接合金屬構件1與第二突出材3拉離的力產生作用,由於被接合金屬構件1與第二突出材3所形成的內側角部3a、3b(參照第2圖)藉由熔接而作假接合,被接合金屬1與第二突出材3之間不會產生開孔。Further, when the stirring pin F2 of the dummy joining rotary tool F enters the protruding portion J3, although the force of the joined metal member 1 and the second protruding member 3 is pulled apart, the joined metal member 1 and the second protruding member 3 are acted upon. The formed inner corner portions 3a and 3b (see FIG. 2) are falsely joined by welding, and no opening is formed between the joined metal 1 and the second protruding member 3.
(2-2)假接合工程(2-2) False joint engineering
假接合用旋轉工具F到達第二突出材接合工程的終點e2之後,在終點e2摩擦攪拌並未結束而連續地進行摩擦攪拌直到假接合工程的起點s1,並以此狀態移行至假接合工程。即,從第二突出材接合工程的終點e2至假接合工程的起點s1為止,假接合用旋轉工具F不脫離而持續進行摩擦攪拌,而且在起點s1,假接合用旋轉工具F不脫離而移行至假接合工程。如此,在第二突出材接合工程的終點e2不需要假接合用旋轉工具F的脫離作業,而且由於在假接合工程的起點s1不需要假接合用旋轉工具F的插入作業,可以使預備性的接合作業效率化迅速化。After the dummy joining rotary tool F reaches the end point e2 of the second projecting engagement project, the friction stir is not ended at the end point e2, and the friction stir is continuously performed until the starting point s1 of the dummy joining process, and the state is shifted to the false joining process. In other words, from the end point e2 of the second projecting material joining process to the starting point s1 of the dummy joining process, the dummy joining rotary tool F continues to perform friction stir without departing from the starting point s1, and the dummy joining rotary tool F moves without departing from the starting point s1. To the fake joint project. In this way, at the end point e2 of the second projecting material joining process, the detachment work of the dummy joining rotary tool F is not required, and since the insertion work of the dummy joining rotary tool F is not required at the starting point s1 of the false joining work, the preliminary work can be made The joining work is becoming more efficient.
在本實施形態中,將從第二突出材接合工程的終點e2至假接合工程的起點s1的摩擦攪拌的路徑設定至第二突出材3,使假接合用旋轉工具F從第二突出材接合工程的終點e2移動至假接合工程的起點s1的移動軌跡形成於第二突出材3。如此,在第二突出材接合工程的終點e2移動至假接合工程的起點s1的工程中,由於被接合金屬構件1難以產生空洞缺陷,可得到高品質的接合體。In the present embodiment, the path of the friction stir from the end point e2 of the second protruding material joining process to the starting point s1 of the false joining process is set to the second protruding material 3, and the dummy joining rotary tool F is joined from the second protruding material. The movement trajectory of the starting point s1 at which the end point e2 is moved to the false engagement project is formed in the second protrusion 3. As described above, in the process in which the end point e2 of the second projecting material joining process moves to the starting point s1 of the dummy joining process, the joined metal member 1 is less likely to cause void defects, and a high-quality joined body can be obtained.
在假接合工程中,對於被接合金屬構件1的突合部J1(參照第6圖)進行摩擦攪拌。具體而言,在被接合金屬構件1的接縫(邊界線)上設定摩擦攪拌的路徑,藉由沿著該路徑使假接合用旋轉工具F作相對移動,橫越突合部J1的全長而連續地進行摩擦攪拌。而且,在本實施形態中,假接合用旋轉工具F在中途不脫離而從假接合工程的起點s1至終點e1連續地進行摩擦攪拌。In the dummy joining process, the joint portion J1 (see FIG. 6) of the joined metal member 1 is subjected to friction stir. Specifically, a path of friction stir is set on the joint (boundary line) of the joined metal member 1, and the pseudo joining rotary tool F is relatively moved along the path to continuously traverse the entire length of the protruding portion J1. Perform friction stir. Further, in the present embodiment, the dummy joining rotary tool F is continuously frictionally agitated from the starting point s1 to the end point e1 of the false joining process without departing from the middle.
在假接合用旋轉工具F到達假接合工程的終點e1之後,在終點e1摩擦攪拌不結束而連續地進行摩擦攪拌至第一突出材接合工程的終點s3,依此狀態移行至第一突出材接合工程。即,從假接合工程的終點e1至第一突出材接合工程的起點s3假接合用旋轉工具F不脫離而連續地進行摩擦攪拌,而且在起點s3假接合用旋轉工具F不脫離而移行至第一突出材接合工程。After the false engagement rotary tool F reaches the end point e1 of the false engagement work, the friction stir is not ended at the end point e1, and the friction stir is continuously performed to the end point s3 of the first projecting engagement project, and the state is transferred to the first projecting material engagement. engineering. In other words, from the end point e1 of the dummy joining process to the starting point s3 of the first projecting material joining process, the dummy joining rotary tool F is continuously frictionally agitated without departing from the starting point s3, and the starting joint s3 is moved to the first point without the detachment of the rotary joining tool F. A protruding material joint project.
在本實施形態中,將假接合工程的終點e1至第一突出材接合工程的起點s3的摩擦攪拌的路徑設定至第一突出材2,使假接合用旋轉工具F從假接合工程的終點e1移動 至第一突出材接合工程的起點s3的移動軌跡形成於第一突出材2。如此,在假接合工程的終點e1移動至第一突出材接合工程的起點s3的工程中,由於被接合金屬構件1難以產生空洞缺陷,可得到高品質的接合體。In the present embodiment, the path of the friction stir of the end point e1 of the dummy joining process to the starting point s3 of the first projecting material joining process is set to the first projecting material 2, and the dummy joining rotary tool F is moved from the end point e1 of the false joining process. A movement trajectory to the starting point s3 of the first projecting material joining process is formed on the first protruding material 2. As described above, in the process of moving the end point e1 of the dummy joining process to the starting point s3 of the first projecting material joining process, it is difficult for the joined metal member 1 to generate void defects, and a high-quality joined body can be obtained.
(2-3)第一突出材接合工程(2-3) First protruding material joint project
在第一突出材接合工程中,對於被接合金屬構件1與第一突出材2的突合部進行摩擦攪拌。具體而言,在被接合金屬構件1與第一突出材2的接縫(邊界線)上設定摩擦攪拌的路徑,藉由沿該路徑使假接合用旋轉工具F作相對移動,對於突合部J2進行摩擦攪拌。而且,在本實施形態中,假接合用旋轉工具F在圖中不脫離而從第一突出材接合工程的起點s3至終點e3連續進行摩擦攪拌。In the first projecting material joining process, the joint portion of the joined metal member 1 and the first projecting member 2 is frictionally stirred. Specifically, a path of friction stir is set on the joint (boundary line) of the joined metal member 1 and the first protruding member 2, and the pseudo joining jigsaw F is relatively moved along the path, and the juncture portion J2 is moved. Friction stir. Further, in the present embodiment, the dummy joining rotary tool F is continuously frictionally agitated from the starting point s3 to the end point e3 of the first projecting material joining process without departing from the drawing.
而且,由於使假接合用旋轉工具F作右旋轉,設定第一突出材接合工程的起點s3與終點e3的位置,使被接合金屬構件1位於假接合用旋轉工具F的行進方向的右側,如此由於在被接合金屬構件1側難以產生空洞缺陷,可得到高品質的接合體。即,在假接合用旋轉工具F作左旋轉的情況下,最好設定第一突出材接合工程的起點與終點的位置,使被接合金屬構件1位於假接合用旋轉工具F的行進方向的左側。具體而言,雖然圖式省略,但可將起點設置於假接合用旋轉工具F作右旋轉時的終點e3,將終點設置於假接合用旋轉工具F右旋轉時的起點s3的位置。Further, since the dummy joining rotary tool F is rotated rightward, the position of the starting point s3 and the end point e3 of the first protruding material joining process is set, and the engaged metal member 1 is positioned on the right side in the traveling direction of the dummy joining rotary tool F, It is difficult to generate void defects on the side of the joined metal member 1, and a high-quality bonded body can be obtained. In other words, when the dummy joining rotary tool F is rotated to the left, it is preferable to set the position of the start point and the end point of the first projecting material joining work so that the engaged metal member 1 is located on the left side in the traveling direction of the dummy joining rotary tool F. . Specifically, although the drawing is omitted, the starting point may be set to the end point e3 when the dummy joining rotary tool F is rotated rightward, and the end point may be set to the position of the starting point s3 when the false joining rotary tool F is rotated right.
而且,當假接合用旋轉工具F的攪拌銷F2進入突合部J2時,雖然將被接合金屬構件1與第一突出材2拉離的力 產生作用,但由於被接合金屬構件1與第一突出材2所形成的內側角部2a、2b(參照第2圖)藉由熔接而作假接合,被接合金屬1與第一突出材2之間不會產生開孔。Further, when the stirring pin F2 of the dummy joining rotary tool F enters the protruding portion J2, the force that pulls the joined metal member 1 and the first protruding member 2 apart The effect is that the inner corner portions 2a, 2b (see FIG. 2) formed by the joined metal member 1 and the first protruding member 2 are falsely joined by welding, and between the joined metal 1 and the first protruding member 2 No openings will be created.
在假接合用旋轉工具F到達第一突出材接合工程的終點e3之後,在終點e3摩擦攪拌不結束而連續地進行摩擦攪拌直到設於第一突出材2的結束位置EP1 為止。而且,在本實施形態中,在被接合金屬構件1的表面A側所呈現的接縫(邊界線)的延長線上設置結束位置EP1 。即,結束位置EP1 為後述的第一本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置SM1 。After the dummy joining rotary tool F reaches the end point e3 of the first projecting material joining process, the friction stirring is not continuously completed at the end point e3, and the friction stirring is continuously performed until the end position E P1 of the first projecting material 2 is provided. Further, in the present embodiment, the end position E P1 is provided on the extension line of the seam (boundary line) presented on the surface A side of the joined metal member 1. In other words, the end position E P1 is the start position S M1 of the friction stir in the first joining work to be described later.
在假接合用旋轉工具F到達結束位置EP1 之後,使假接合用旋轉工具F邊旋轉邊上升而使攪拌銷F2從結束位置EP1 脫離。After the dummy joining rotary tool F reaches the end position E P1 , the dummy joining rotary tool F is raised while rotating, and the stirring pin F2 is disengaged from the end position E P1 .
(2-4)下穴形成工程(2-4) Lower hole formation project
接著,實施下穴形成工程。下穴形成工程如第4(b)圖所示,其為在第一本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置形成下穴P1的工程。在第一預備工程中的下穴形成工程中,在設定於第一突出材2之表面22的SM1 形成下穴P1。Next, the formation of the lower hole is carried out. The lower hole forming process is as shown in Fig. 4(b), which is a process of forming the lower hole P1 at the start position of the friction stir in the first joining work. In the lower hole forming process in the first preparatory work, the lower hole P1 is formed at S M1 set on the surface 22 of the first projecting material 2.
下穴P1設置的目的是為了減低本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2的插入阻抗(壓入阻抗),在本實施形態中,在假接合用旋轉工具F的攪拌銷F2(參照第4(a)圖)脫離時所形成的拔孔H1以未圖示的鑽具作擴孔而形成。若利用拔孔H1,則由於可簡化下穴P1的形成工程,可縮短作業時間。雖然下穴P1的形態並無特別限制,在本實施形態中為圓筒狀。而且在本實施形態中,雖然在第一突出材2形成下穴 P1,下穴P1的位置並無特別限制,形成於第二突出材3亦可,雖然可形成於突合部J2、J3上,但較佳的是,如本實施形態形成於被接合金屬構件1的表面A側的被接合金屬構件1的接縫(邊界線)的延長線上。The purpose of the lower hole P1 is to reduce the insertion resistance (pressing impedance) of the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G. In the present embodiment, the stirring pin F2 of the dummy joining rotary tool F (see the fourth ( a) The pull hole H1 formed when the detachment is formed is formed by reaming a drill (not shown). When the hole H1 is used, the work of forming the lower hole P1 can be simplified, and the working time can be shortened. The form of the lower hole P1 is not particularly limited, and is cylindrical in the present embodiment. Further, in the present embodiment, although the first protrusion 2 is formed in the lower hole P1, the position of the lower hole P1 is not particularly limited, and may be formed on the second protruding material 3, although it may be formed on the protruding portions J2 and J3, but it is preferably formed in the joined metal member 1 as in the present embodiment. On the extension line of the seam (boundary line) of the joined metal member 1 on the surface A side.
而且,在本實施形態中,雖然是將假接合用旋轉工具F的攪拌銷F2(參照第4(a)圖)的拔孔H1作擴孔而形成下穴P1的情況為例,攪拌銷F2的最大外徑X2 比本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2的最小外徑Y3 還大,而且在攪拌銷F2的最大外徑X2 比本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2的最大外徑Y2 還小(Y3 <X2 <Y2 )的情況下,攪拌銷F2的拔孔H1仍然可以形成下穴P1。In the present embodiment, the case where the lower hole P1 is formed by expanding the hole H1 of the stirring pin F2 (see FIG. 4(a)) of the dummy joining rotary tool F as an example, the stirring pin F2 is used as an example. The maximum outer diameter X 2 is larger than the minimum outer diameter Y 3 of the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G, and the maximum outer diameter X 2 of the stirring pin F2 is larger than the maximum of the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G. In the case where the outer diameter Y 2 is still small (Y 3 <X 2 <Y 2 ), the extraction hole F1 of the stirring pin F2 can still form the lower hole P1.
(3)第一本接合工程(3) The first joint project
第一本接合工程為使被接合金屬構件1的表面A側的突合部J1真正地接合的工程。在本實施形態的第一本接合工程中,使用如第4(b)圖所示的本接合用旋轉工具G,對假接合的狀態下的突合部J1從被接合金屬構件1的表面A側進行摩擦攪拌。The first joining process is a process of actually joining the projections J1 on the surface A side of the joined metal member 1. In the first joining process of the present embodiment, the joint rotating tool G shown in Fig. 4(b) is used, and the protruding portion J1 in the state of the false joint is from the surface A side of the joined metal member 1 Perform friction stir.
在第一本接合工程中,如第7(a)~7(c)圖所示,使本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2插入形成於開始位置SM1 的下穴P1,插入的攪拌銷G2在中途不脫離而移動至結束位置EM1 。即,在第一本接合工程中,從下穴P1開始摩擦攪拌,而連續地進行摩擦攪拌直到結束位置EM1 為止。In the first joining process, as shown in Figs. 7(a) to 7(c), the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G is inserted into the lower hole P1 formed at the starting position S M1 , and the stirring pin inserted is inserted. G2 moves to the end position E M1 without departing from the middle. That is, in the first joining process, the friction stir is started from the lower hole P1, and the friction stirring is continuously performed until the end position E M1 .
於此,在第一預備工程結束的時間點,由於具備假接合用旋轉工具F的摩擦攪拌裝置係位於第一突出材2的結 束位置EP1 的正上方(參照第6圖),若第一本接合工程的開始位置為SM1 ,具備本接合用旋轉工具G的摩擦攪拌裝置不移動而進行第一本接合工程,可省略作業。Here, at the time when the first preparatory work is completed, the friction stirrer having the dummy joining rotary tool F is located directly above the end position E P1 of the first projecting material 2 (see FIG. 6), if the first The starting position of the joining work is S M1 , and the first stirring work is performed without the movement of the friction stirring device of the joining rotary tool G, and the work can be omitted.
而且,在本實施形態中,雖然在第一突出材2上設置摩擦攪拌的開始位置SM1 ,在第二突出材3上設置結束位置EM1 ,但開始位置SM1 與結束位置EM1 的位置並無限定。Further, in the present embodiment, the start position S M1 of the friction stir is provided on the first protrusion 2, and the end position E M1 is provided on the second protrusion 3, but the position of the start position S M1 and the end position E M1 is set. There is no limit.
參照第7(a)~7(c)圖更詳細地說明第一本接合工程。The first bonding process will be described in more detail with reference to Figures 7(a) to 7(c).
首先,如第7(a)圖所示,使本接合用旋轉工具G位於下穴P1(開始位置SM1 )的正上方,接著使本接合用旋轉工具G邊做右旋轉邊下降而使攪拌銷G2的前端插入下穴P1。當攪拌銷G2進入下穴P1時,攪拌銷G2的周面(側面)抵接於下穴P1的穴壁,金屬從穴壁開始塑性化流動。當成為此狀態時,塑性化流動的金屬在攪拌銷G2的周面壓退,同時由於攪拌銷G2壓入可減低在壓入初期階段的壓入阻抗,又,本接合用旋轉工具G的肩部G1在抵接於第一突出材2的表面22之前,攪拌銷G2抵接於下穴P1而產生摩擦熱,因此可縮短至塑性流動化的時間。即,減低摩擦攪拌裝置的負荷,此外可縮短本接合工程所需要的作業時間。First, as shown in Fig. 7(a), the joining rotary tool G is positioned directly above the lower hole P1 (starting position S M1 ), and then the joining rotary tool G is rotated while being rotated rightward to be stirred. The front end of the pin G2 is inserted into the lower hole P1. When the stirring pin G2 enters the lower hole P1, the circumferential surface (side surface) of the stirring pin G2 abuts against the hole wall of the lower hole P1, and the metal starts to plastically flow from the hole wall. When it is in this state, the plasticized flowing metal is pushed back on the circumferential surface of the stirring pin G2, and the pressing force of the stirring pin G2 can reduce the press-in impedance at the initial stage of press-fitting, and the shoulder of the joining rotary tool G. Before the portion G1 abuts against the surface 22 of the first protruding member 2, the stirring pin G2 abuts against the lower hole P1 to generate frictional heat, so that the time to plastic fluidization can be shortened. That is, the load of the friction stirrer is reduced, and the work time required for the joining process can be shortened.
攪拌銷G2的全體進入第一突出材2而且肩部G1的下端面G11的全面接觸於第一突出材2的表面22之後,如第7(b)圖所示,邊進行摩擦攪拌邊使本接合用旋轉工具G朝向被接合金屬構件1的突合部J1的一端作相對移動,而且,橫切突合部J2而突入突合部J1。當使本接合用旋轉工具G移動時,該攪拌銷G2周圍的金屬依次塑性流動化, 同時在從攪拌銷G2分離的位置上,塑性流動化的金屬再度硬化而形成塑性化區域(以下稱「表面側塑性化區域W1」)。After the entirety of the stirring pin G2 enters the first protruding material 2 and the lower end surface G11 of the shoulder G1 is in contact with the surface 22 of the first protruding material 2, as shown in FIG. 7(b), the friction stir is applied to the present invention. The joining rotary tool G relatively moves toward one end of the protruding portion J1 of the joined metal member 1, and also protrudes into the protruding portion J1 across the protruding portion J2. When the joining rotary tool G is moved, the metal around the stirring pin G2 is plastically fluidized in order. At the same time, the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again at a position separated from the stirring pin G2 to form a plasticized region (hereinafter referred to as "surface-side plasticized region W1").
本接合用旋轉工具G的移動速度(輸送速度)雖然是對應於攪拌銷G2的尺寸、形狀、摩擦攪拌的被接合金屬構件1等的材質及厚度等而設定,但在大多的情況下,設定於30~300(mm/分)的範圍內。The moving speed (transport speed) of the joining rotary tool G is set in accordance with the size and shape of the stirring pin G2, the material and thickness of the joined metal member 1 such as friction stir, and the like. However, in many cases, the setting is set. In the range of 30~300 (mm/min).
在進入被接合金屬構件1的熱量有過大之虞的情況下,最好對本接合用旋轉工具G的周圍從表面A側供給水而進行冷卻。而且,當冷卻水進入第一金屬構件1a與第二金屬構件1b之間時,雖然在接合面(參照端面11a、11b及第2(b)圖)有產生氧化皮膜之虞,在本實施形態中,由於實施假接合工程而閉塞被接合金屬構件1間的孔,冷卻水難以流入被接合金屬構件1之間,接合部的品質沒有劣化之虞。When the amount of heat entering the joined metal member 1 is excessively large, it is preferable to supply water from the surface A side to the periphery of the joining rotary tool G to be cooled. Further, when the cooling water enters between the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b, the oxide film is formed on the joint surface (see the end faces 11a, 11b and 2(b)), and this embodiment is In the meantime, the hole between the metal members 1 to be joined is closed by the dummy joining process, and it is difficult for the cooling water to flow between the metal members 1 to be joined, and the quality of the joint portion is not deteriorated.
在被接合金屬構件1的突合部J1,將摩擦攪拌的路徑設定於被接合金屬構件1的接縫(假接合工程中的移動軌跡上),藉由沿該路徑使本接合用旋轉工具G作相對移動,從突合部J1的一端至另一端連續地進行摩擦攪拌。使本接合用旋轉工具相對移動至突合部J1的另一端,進行摩擦攪拌同時橫切過突合部J3,依此狀態朝結束位置EM1 作相對移動。At the protruding portion J1 of the joined metal member 1, the path of the friction stir is set to the joint of the joined metal member 1 (on the moving trajectory in the dummy joining process), and the joining rotary tool G is made along the path. Relatively moving, friction stir is continuously performed from one end to the other end of the protruding portion J1. The joining rotary tool is relatively moved to the other end of the protruding portion J1, and the frictional stirring is performed while crossing the protruding portion J3, and the relative movement is performed toward the end position E M1 in this state.
而且,在本實施形態中,由於將摩擦攪拌的開始位置SM1 設定於被接合金屬構件1的表面A側的被接合金屬構件1的接縫(邊界線)的延長線上,第一本接合工程中的摩擦 攪拌的路徑成為一直線。若摩擦攪拌的路徑成為一直線,則由於將本接合旋轉工具G的移動距離抑制到最小限度,可有效地進行第一本接合工程的效率,而且,可減低本接合用旋轉工具G的磨耗量。Further, in the present embodiment, the first joint work is performed by setting the start position S M1 of the friction stir to the extension line of the joint (boundary line) of the joined metal member 1 on the surface A side of the joined metal member 1. The path of the friction stir in the line becomes a straight line. When the path of the friction stir is a straight line, the movement distance of the joint rotating tool G is minimized, the efficiency of the first joining work can be efficiently performed, and the amount of wear of the joining rotary tool G can be reduced.
在本接合用旋轉工具G到達結束位置EM1 時,如第7(c)圖所示,使本接合用旋轉工具G邊旋轉邊上升,而使攪拌銷G2從結束位置EM1 (參照第7(b)圖)脫離。而且,在結束位置EM1 上,若攪拌銷G2脫離至上方,則雖然不可避免地形成與攪拌銷G2大約相同形狀的拔孔Q1,在本實施形態中則仍然保留。When the joining rotary tool G reaches the end position E M1 , as shown in Fig. 7 (c), the joining rotary tool G is raised while rotating, and the stirring pin G2 is moved from the end position E M1 (refer to the seventh (b) Figure) Detachment. Further, at the end position E M1 , when the stirring pin G2 is disengaged upward, the cutout hole Q1 having the same shape as the stirring pin G2 is inevitably formed, and remains in the present embodiment.
本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2從結束位置EM1 脫離之際的本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉速度(脫離時的旋轉速度)最好比移動時的旋轉速度還高。如此,與脫離時的旋轉速度與移動時的旋轉速度相同的情況相比較,由於攪拌銷G2的脫離阻抗小,可迅速地進行結束位置EM1 中的攪拌銷G2的脫離作業。It is preferable that the rotation speed (rotation speed at the time of disengagement) of the joining rotary tool G when the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G is separated from the end position E M1 is higher than the rotation speed during the movement. In this way, compared with the case where the rotation speed at the time of the detachment is the same as the rotation speed at the time of the movement, the detachment of the agitation pin G2 at the end position E M1 can be quickly performed because the detachment resistance of the agitation pin G2 is small.
而且,在本實施形態中,在第一本接合工程之前是進行第一預備工程,然而,省略第一預備工程而在第一準備工程之後可直接進行第一本接合工程。Further, in the present embodiment, the first preparatory work is performed before the first joining work, but the first preliminary work is omitted, and the first joining work can be directly performed after the first preparatory work.
(4)第二準備工程(4) Second preparation project
第二準備工程為在第二預備工程之前所進行的準備工程。在本實施形態中,具備再設置工程,將被接合金屬構件1的裡面B側朝向上方,並再度設置於未圖示的摩擦攪拌裝置。The second preparatory work is a preparatory work performed before the second preparatory work. In the present embodiment, the rear side B side of the joined metal member 1 is placed upward, and is again provided in a friction stirrer (not shown).
(4-1)再設置工程(4-1) Reset the project
在再設置工程中,在解除完成第一本接合工程的被接合金屬構件1的拘束後,將被接合金屬構件1的表裡反轉,使裡面B側朝向上方,而再度地設置於摩擦攪拌裝的台架上。在本實施形態中,第1圖所示,使被接合金屬構件1於前後軸做半旋轉,使被接合金屬構件1的表裡反轉。In the re-installation process, after the restraint of the joined metal member 1 that completes the first joining process is released, the front and back of the joined metal member 1 are reversed, and the inner side B side faces upward, and is again set to the friction stirrer. On the gantry. In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, the joined metal member 1 is half-rotated on the front and rear axes, and the front and back of the joined metal member 1 are reversed.
於此,第8(a)圖為在第一實施形態的第二準備工程的再設置工程後,從突合部J1朝向第一金屬構件1a側的剖視圖。如第8(a)圖所示,於再設置工程中,被接合金屬構件1的上面成為裡面B之同時,當從突合部J1側面向第一金屬構件1a時,第一突出材2位於被接合金屬構件1的左側,第二突出材3位於被接合金屬構件1的右側。Here, the eighth (a) is a cross-sectional view from the protruding portion J1 toward the first metal member 1a side after the re-installation of the second preparatory work of the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 8(a), in the re-installation process, the upper surface of the joined metal member 1 becomes the inner side B, and the first protruding material 2 is located when the first metal member 1a is directed from the side of the protruding portion J1. The left side of the metal member 1 is joined, and the second protrusion 3 is located on the right side of the joined metal member 1.
而且,由摩擦攪拌裝置的形態,不解除被接合金屬構件1的拘束而旋轉表裡。Further, in the form of the friction stirrer, the front and back are rotated without releasing the restraint of the joined metal member 1.
(5)第二預備工程(5) Second preparatory work
第二預備工程為在第二本接合工程之前所進行的工程,在裡面B側使被接合金屬構件1與第一突出材2的突合部J2接合(5-1)的第一突出材接合工程、接合被接合金屬構件1的突合部J1的(5-2)假接合工程、使被接合金屬構件1與第二突出材3的突合部J3接合(5-3)的第二突出材接合工程、將下穴形成於第一本接合工程的摩擦攪拌的開始位置(5-4)的下穴形成工程。而且,在(5-1)第一突出材接合工程、(5-2)假接合工程及(5-3)第二突出材接合工程中,使用假接合旋轉工具F。The second preparatory work is a work performed before the second joining work, and the first projecting material joining project of the joined metal member 1 and the protruding portion J2 of the first projecting material 2 (5-1) on the B side of the inside is performed. (5-2) false joint work for joining the joint portion J1 of the joined metal member 1, and second joint material joining work for joining the jointed metal member 1 and the protruding portion J3 of the second projecting member 3 (5-3) The lower hole is formed in the lower hole forming process at the start position (5-4) of the friction stir of the first joining work. Further, in the (5-1) first projecting material joining work, the (5-2) false joining work, and the (5-3) second protruding material joining work, the dummy joint rotating tool F is used.
(5-1)第一突出材接合工程、(5-2)假接合工程及(5-3)第二突出材接合工程(5-1) First protruding material jointing project, (5-2) false joint project and (5-3) second protruding material joint project
(5-1)第一突出材接合工程、(5-2)假接合工程及(5-3)第二突出材接合工程為與上述的第一預備工程的(2-3)第一突出材接合工程、(2-2)假接合工程及(2-1)第二突出材接合工程大略相同的工程。如第8(b)圖所示,使一個假接合用旋轉工具F移動而形成連續的移動軌跡,以突合部J2、J1、J3的順序連續地進行摩擦攪拌。即,插入摩擦攪拌的開始位置SP2 的假接合用旋轉工具F的攪拌銷F2(參照第4(a)圖)在中途不脫離地移動至結束位置EP2 ,而連續地實施(5-1)第一突出材接合工程、(5-2)假接合工程以及(5-3)第二突出材接合工程。而且,結束位置EP2 成為之後實施的第二本接合工程的開始位置SM2 。(5-1) First protruding material joining work, (5-2) false joining work, and (5-3) second protruding material joining work are (2-3) first protruding materials with the above-mentioned first preparatory work The joint project, (2-2) false joint project and (2-1) second projecting joint project are roughly the same. As shown in Fig. 8(b), one of the dummy joining rotary tools F is moved to form a continuous moving locus, and the friction stir is continuously performed in the order of the protruding portions J2, J1, and J3. In other words, the stirring pin F2 (see FIG. 4(a)) of the dummy joining rotary tool F inserted at the start position S P2 of the friction stir is continuously moved to the end position E P2 without being disengaged, and is continuously carried out (5-1 The first projecting joint project, (5-2) the false joint project, and (5-3) the second projecting joint project. Further, the end position E P2 becomes the start position S M2 of the second joining work performed later.
於此,在第一預備工程中,如第6圖所示,從第二突出材3側,依次進行(2-1)第二突出材接合工程、(2-2)假接合工程以及(2-3)第一突出材接合工程。另一方面,在第二預備工程中,當從突合部J1朝向金屬構件1a側時,第一突出材2位於被接合金屬構件1的左側之同時,在第一本接合工程結束的時間點,由於具備本接合用旋轉工具G的摩擦攪拌裝置位於第一突出材2的上方,從第一突出材2側依次進行(5-1)第一突出材接合工程、(5-2)假接合工程以及(5-3)第二突出材接合工程。如此,由於具備假接合用旋轉工具F的摩擦攪拌裝置的移動距離變小,可使作業省力。Here, in the first preparatory work, as shown in FIG. 6, the second protruding material joining process, (2-2) false joining work, and (2) are sequentially performed from the second protruding material 3 side. -3) First protruding material joining project. On the other hand, in the second preliminary work, when the first protruding member 2 is located on the left side of the joined metal member 1 from the side of the protruding portion J1 toward the metal member 1a, at the time point when the first bonding work is completed, The friction stirrer provided with the joining rotary tool G is positioned above the first projecting material 2, and sequentially (5-1) the first projecting material joining process and the (5-2) false joining work are performed from the first projecting material 2 side. And (5-3) the second protruding material joining project. As described above, since the moving distance of the friction stirrer including the dummy joining rotary tool F is small, work can be saved.
而且,(5-1)第一突出材接合工程、(5-2)假接合工程以及(5-3)第二突出材接合工程的詳細說明由於與第一預備工程大略相同而省略。Further, the detailed description of the (5-1) first protruding material joining process, the (5-2) false joining work, and the (5-3) second protruding material joining work is omitted since it is substantially the same as the first preliminary work.
(5-4)下穴形成工程(5-4) Lower hole formation project
下穴形成工程如第9(a)圖所示,其為在第二本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置SM2 形成下穴P2的工程。即,下穴形成工程為在本接合用懸主工具G的攪拌銷G2的插入預定位至形成下穴P2的工程。藉此可減低本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2的插入阻抗(壓入阻抗)。The lower hole forming process is as shown in Fig. 9(a), which is a process of forming the lower hole P2 at the start position S M2 of the friction stir in the second joining work. That is, the lower hole forming process is a process of inserting the predetermined position of the stirring pin G2 of the main hanging tool G of the present bonding to the formation of the lower hole P2. Thereby, the insertion resistance (pressing impedance) of the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G can be reduced.
而且,由於(5-4)下穴形成工程與第一預備工程的(2-4)下穴形成工程大約相等,詳細說明省略。Further, since the (5-4) lower hole forming process is approximately equal to the (2-4) lower hole forming process of the first preparatory work, the detailed description is omitted.
(6)第二本接合工程(6) The second joint project
第二本接合工程為被接合金屬構件1的裡面B側的突合部J1做真正接合的工程。在本實施形態的第二本接合工程中,使用本接合用旋轉工具G,而對假接合狀態的突合部J2從被接合金屬構件1的裡面B側進行摩擦攪拌。The second joining process is a process in which the joint portion J1 on the inner side B side of the joined metal member 1 is actually joined. In the second joining process of the present embodiment, the joining rotary tool G is used, and the protruding portion J2 in the false engagement state is frictionally stirred from the inner side B side of the joined metal member 1.
第二本接合工程,如第9(a)及9(b)圖所示,將本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2插入(壓入)設定於第二突出材3的裡面33的SM2 ,插入的攪拌銷G2在中途不脫離而移動至結束位置EM2 。在第二本接合工程中,從下穴P2開始進行摩擦攪拌,連續地進行直到結束位置EM2 。即,第二本接合工程的開始位置SM2 係位於第一本接合工程的結束位置EM1 側的上方。當使本接合旋轉工具G移動時,其攪拌銷G2的周圍的金屬依次塑性流動化之同時,從攪拌銷G2脫離的位 置上,塑性流動化的金屬再度硬化而形成塑性化區域(以下稱為「裡面側塑性化區域W2」)。In the second joining process, the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G is inserted (pressed) into the S M2 set to the inner face 33 of the second projecting member 3 as shown in Figs. 9(a) and 9(b). The inserted stirring pin G2 moves to the end position E M2 without departing from the middle. In the second joining process, friction stir is started from the lower hole P2, and the operation is continued until the end position E M2 . That is, the start position S M2 of the second joining work is located above the end position E M1 side of the first joining work. When the joint rotating tool G is moved, the metal around the stirring pin G2 is plastically fluidized in sequence, and the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again at a position separated from the stirring pin G2 to form a plasticized region (hereinafter referred to as "Inside side plasticized area W2").
於此,在第二預備工程結束的時間點,具備假接合用旋轉工具F的摩擦攪拌裝置由於位於第二突出材3的結束位置EP2 的正上方(參照第8(b)圖),當第二本接合工程的開始位置SM2 設定於第二突出材3的上方時,具備本接合用旋轉工具G的摩擦攪拌裝置不移動而可進行第一本接合工程,可省略作業。Here, at the time point when the second preparatory work is completed, the friction stirrer provided with the dummy joining rotary tool F is located directly above the end position E P2 of the second protruding member 3 (see FIG. 8(b)). When the start position S M2 of the second joining project is set above the second protruding material 3, the first stirring work can be performed without the movement of the friction stirring device including the joining rotary tool G, and the work can be omitted.
關於第二本接合工程,由於與第一本接合工程大略相同,省略詳細的說明。而且,在本實施形態中雖然進行第二預備工程,但可省略第二預備工程而在第一本接合工程之後直接進行第二本接合工程。The second joining process is substantially the same as the first joining process, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Further, in the present embodiment, the second preliminary work is performed, but the second preliminary work may be omitted and the second joint work may be directly performed after the first joint work.
在突出材切除工程中,將第一突出材2及第二突出材3從被接合金屬構件1切除。在本實施形態中,當第二本接合工程結束的被接合金屬構件1從摩擦攪拌裝置的台架移除,使用未圖示的切削器具而沿著突合部J2、J3切除第一突出材2及第二突出材3。此時,最好除去形成於被接合金屬構件1的表面A及裡面B的毛邊。藉此,在進行後述的(8-1)突出材配置工程之際,可使第一突出材2’及第二突出材3’密接於被接合金屬構件1。In the projecting of the protruding material, the first projecting member 2 and the second projecting member 3 are cut off from the joined metal member 1. In the present embodiment, when the joined metal member 1 whose second joining process is completed is removed from the gantry of the friction stirrer, the first protruding member 2 is cut along the protruding portions J2, J3 using a cutting tool (not shown). And the second protruding material 3. At this time, it is preferable to remove the burrs formed on the surface A and the inside B of the joined metal member 1. As a result, the first projecting member 2' and the second projecting member 3' can be in close contact with the joined metal member 1 when the (8-1) projecting material arrangement project described later is performed.
第10圖為進行突出材切除工程後的被接合金屬構件1的立體圖。如第10圖所示,表面側塑性化區域W1及裡面側塑性化區域W2係從第一側面C橫越第二側面D而形成連 續。另一方面,在表面側塑性化區域W1與裡面側塑性化區域W2之間,形成從第一側面C跨越至第二側面D而連續形成微小的間隙(未接合部)。Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the joined metal member 1 after the projecting of the protruding material. As shown in Fig. 10, the surface side plasticized region W1 and the back side plasticized region W2 form a connection from the first side surface C across the second side surface D. Continued. On the other hand, between the front side plasticized region W1 and the back side plasticized region W2, a small gap (unjoined portion) is continuously formed from the first side surface C to the second side surface D.
於此,在表面側塑性化區域W1以及裡面側塑性化區域W2上,本接合用旋轉工具G的行進方向(參照箭號V1 、V2 )左側,即在第二金屬構件1b上,從第一側面C跨越至第二側面D而連續地產生空洞缺陷R1 、R2 。Here, in the front side plasticized region W1 and the back side plasticized region W2, the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool G (see the arrows V 1 and V 2 ) is on the left side, that is, on the second metal member 1b. The first side surface C spans to the second side surface D to continuously generate void defects R 1 , R 2 .
第三準備工程在第一側面C側進行摩擦攪拌之際,準備抵接構件(第一突出材2’、第二突出材3’)的準備工程,被接合金屬構件1的摩擦攪拌的開始位置及結束位置係設於抵接構件上。第三準備工程在本實施形態中,在被接合金屬1的突合部J1的兩側配置第一突出材2’與第二突出材3’(8-1)的突出材配置工程、藉由熔接第一突出材2’與第二突出材3’而假接合於被接合金屬構件1(8-2)的熔接工程、被接合金屬構件1的第一側面C朝向上面而設置於未圖示的摩擦攪拌裝置的台架上(8-3)的再設置工程。When the third preparation work is performed on the first side surface C side, the preparation process of the abutting members (the first projecting member 2' and the second projecting member 3') is prepared, and the friction stirring start position of the joined metal member 1 is prepared. And the end position is provided on the abutting member. In the third embodiment, in the present embodiment, the projecting material arrangement of the first projecting material 2' and the second projecting material 3' (8-1) is disposed on both sides of the protruding portion J1 of the joined metal 1, and the welding is performed by welding. The first protruding material 2 ′ and the second protruding material 3 ′ are falsely joined to the welding process of the joined metal member 1 ( 8-2 ), and the first side surface C of the joined metal member 1 faces upward, and is provided on the unillustrated surface. Re-installation of the rig on the friction stirrer (8-3).
在突出材配置工程中,如第11圖所示,在第二本接合工程結束後的被接合金屬構件1中,在表面A配置第二突出材3’而覆蓋突合部J1,使該抵接面31’抵接於表面A。而且,將第一突出材3配置於面B側而覆蓋突合部J1,使該抵接面21’抵接於裡面B。此時,與(1-2)突出材配置 工程相同,第一突出材2’與第二突出材3’的表面及裡面與第一側面C及第二側面D齊平。In the projecting material arrangement, as shown in Fig. 11, in the joined metal member 1 after the second joining process is completed, the second protruding material 3' is placed on the surface A to cover the protruding portion J1, and the abutting portion is made. The face 31' abuts against the surface A. Further, the first projecting material 3 is placed on the surface B side to cover the protruding portion J1, and the abutting surface 21' is brought into contact with the inner surface B. At this time, with (1-2) protruding material configuration The works are the same, and the surface and the inside of the first projecting member 2' and the second projecting member 3' are flush with the first side face C and the second side face D.
(8-2)熔接工程(8-2) Welding project
在熔接工程中,如第11圖所示,被接合金屬構件1與第一突出材2’所形成的內側角部2a’、2b’熔接而接合被接合金屬構件1與第一突出材2’。而且,被接合金屬構件1與第二突出材3’所形成的內側角部3a’、3b’熔接而接合被接合金屬構件1與第二突出材3’。In the welding process, as shown in Fig. 11, the joined metal members 1 and the inner corner portions 2a', 2b' formed by the first projecting members 2' are welded to join the joined metal members 1 and the first projecting members 2' . Further, the joined metal members 1 and the inner corner portions 3a' and 3b' formed by the second projecting members 3' are welded to each other to join the joined metal members 1 and the second projecting members 3'.
(8-3)再設置工程(8-3) Reset the project
於再設置工程中,如第11圖所示,熔接工程結束的被接合金屬構件1的第一側面C朝向上面之同時,從突合部J1面向第一金屬構件1a時,將被接合金屬構件1拘束而再度地設置於台架上,使第二突出材3’位於左側。In the re-installation process, as shown in FIG. 11, the first side surface C of the joined metal member 1 at the end of the welding process faces the upper side, and the metal member 1 to be joined when the protruding portion J1 faces the first metal member 1a. The restraint is again placed on the gantry such that the second protruding member 3' is located on the left side.
(9)第三預備工程(9) Third preparatory work
第三預備工程具備(9-1)下穴形成工程,其為在第三本接合工程之前,於摩擦攪拌的開始位置形成下穴。The third preparatory work is provided with (9-1) a lower hole forming project, which is a lower hole formed at the start position of the friction stir before the third joining work.
(9-1)下穴形成工程(9-1) Lower hole formation project
下穴形成工程,如第11圖所示,其為在第三本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌、的開始位置SM3 形成下穴P3的工程。即,下穴形成工程與上述的下穴形成工程相同,將下穴P3形成於本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2的插入預定位置的工程。藉此,可降低本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2的插入阻抗(壓入阻抗)。(9-1)下穴形成工程由於與第一預備工程的(2-4)下穴形成工程大略相同,省略其詳細說明。The lower hole forming process, as shown in Fig. 11, is a process of forming the lower hole P3 at the start position S M3 of the friction stir in the third joining work. In other words, the lower hole forming process is the same as the above-described lower hole forming process, and the lower hole P3 is formed in the predetermined insertion position of the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G. Thereby, the insertion resistance (pressing impedance) of the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G can be reduced. (9-1) The lower hole formation project is roughly the same as the (2-4) lower hole formation project of the first preparatory work, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
(10)第三本接合工程(10) The third joint project
第三本接合工程為接合在被接合金屬構件1的第一側面C側的突合部J1的工程。在本實施形態的第三本接合工程中,如第11圖及第12圖所示,使用本接合用旋轉工具G,將本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2插入(壓入)形成於第二突出材3’的表面32’的下穴P3,插入的攪拌銷G2在圖中不脫離而移動至結束位置EM3 (參照行進方向V3 )。即,第三本接合工程的開始位置SM3 係位於第一本接合工程的開始位置側(參照行進方向V1 )。The third joining process is a process of joining the protruding portion J1 on the first side face C side of the joined metal member 1. In the third joining process of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G is inserted (pressed in) by the joining rotary tool G. The lower hole P3 of the surface 32' of the two protruding members 3', the inserted stirring pin G2 moves to the end position E M3 without departing from the drawing (refer to the traveling direction V 3 ). That is, the start position S M3 of the third joining work is located at the start position side of the first joining work (refer to the traveling direction V 1 ).
當本接合用旋轉工具G移動時,其攪拌銷G2的周圍的金屬依次地塑性流動化,同時在從攪拌銷G2分離的位置上,塑性流動化的金屬再度硬化而形成塑性化區域(以下稱「第一側面塑性化區域W3」)當進行摩擦攪拌至結束位置EM3 時,如第13圖所示,雖然在第一突出材2’的表面形成拔孔Q3,但在本實施形態中仍然保留。When the joining rotary tool G moves, the metal around the stirring pin G2 is plastically fluidized in order, and at the position separated from the stirring pin G2, the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again to form a plasticized region (hereinafter referred to as "First side plasticized region W3") When the friction stir is performed to the end position E M3 , as shown in Fig. 13, although the pull-out hole Q3 is formed on the surface of the first projecting member 2', in the present embodiment, Reserved.
於此,在第二本接合工程結束的時間點,如第9(b)圖所示,具備假接合用旋轉工具F的摩擦攪拌裝置係位於第一突出材2的上方。因此,如第12圖所示,當第三本接合工程的開始位置設定於第二突出材3’的上方時,可不移動具備本接合用旋轉工具G的摩擦攪拌裝置而進行第三本接合工程,可省略作業。第三本接合工程的詳細說明與第一本接合工程大略相同而省略。Here, at the time point when the second joining process is completed, as shown in FIG. 9(b), the friction stirrer provided with the dummy joining rotary tool F is positioned above the first protruding material 2. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 12, when the start position of the third joining project is set above the second projecting member 3', the third joining work can be performed without moving the friction stirrer including the joining rotary tool G. , the job can be omitted. The detailed description of the third joining project is substantially the same as that of the first joining project and is omitted.
如第13圖所示,當進行第三本接合工程時,表面側塑性化區域W1及裡面側塑性化區域W2的第一側面C側的一 部份與第一側面側塑性化區域W3重複。即,藉由表面側塑性化區域W1及裡面側塑性化區域W2的一部份進行再度摩擦攪拌,第一側面C側的空洞缺陷R1 及空洞缺陷R2 的至少一部分由第一側面測塑性化區域W3斷開。藉此,分別在空洞缺陷R1 及空洞缺陷R2 上形成填充部S1 、S2 。As shown in Fig. 13, when the third joining process is performed, a portion of the front side plasticized region W1 and the back side plasticized region W2 on the first side face C side overlaps with the first side face plasticized region W3. That is, by frictionally agitating a part of the surface side plasticized region W1 and the back side plasticized region W2, at least a part of the void defect R 1 and the void defect R 2 on the first side face C side is plasticized by the first side surface. The area W3 is disconnected. Thereby, the filling portions S 1 and S 2 are formed on the void defect R 1 and the void defect R 2 , respectively.
而且,在本實施形態中,在進行第三本接合工程之前,雖然進行第三準備工程及第三預備工程,但省略第三準備工程及第三預備工程(但在設置工程除外),在第二本接合工程之後直接進行第三本接合工程亦可。Further, in the present embodiment, the third preparatory work and the third preparatory work are performed before the third joining work, but the third preparatory work and the third preparatory work are omitted (except for the installation work). After the second joining project, the third joining project can be directly performed.
又,在第三本接合工程之前,進行上述的第一突出材接合工程、假接合工程以及第二突出材工程亦可。Further, before the third joining work, the first protruding material joining work, the false joining work, and the second protruding material work may be performed.
(11)第四準備工程(11) Fourth preparation project
第四準備工程為第四本接合工程之前所進行的工程,在本實施形態中,其為被接合金屬構件1的第二側面D側朝向上方,再度設置於未圖示的夾具上的再設置工程。The fourth preparatory work is a work performed before the fourth joining work. In the present embodiment, the second side face D side of the joined metal member 1 is placed upward, and is again placed on a jig (not shown). engineering.
(11-1)再設置工程(11-1) Reset the project
於再設置工程中,在解除完成第三本接合工程的被接合金屬構件1的拘束後,將被接合金屬構件1的表裡反轉,使第二側面D側朝向上方,而再度地設置於未圖示的摩擦攪拌裝的台架上。在本實施形態中,第12圖所示,使被接合金屬構件1於左右軸做半旋轉,使被接合金屬構件1的表裡反轉。藉此,如第14圖所示,被接合金屬構件1的上面成為第二側面D之同時,若從突合部J1面向第二金屬構件1b,則第一突出材2’位於右側。In the re-installation process, after the restraint of the joined metal member 1 of the third joining process is released, the front and back of the joined metal member 1 are reversed, and the second side face D side is directed upward, and is again placed on the second side face D side. On the gantry of the friction stirrer (not shown). In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 12, the joined metal member 1 is half-rotated on the left and right axes to reverse the front and back of the joined metal member 1. As a result, as shown in Fig. 14, the upper surface of the joined metal member 1 becomes the second side surface D, and when the protruding portion J1 faces the second metal member 1b, the first protruding member 2' is located on the right side.
而且,藉由摩擦攪拌裝置,也可以不解除被接合金屬構件1的拘束而使表裡旋轉。Further, by the friction stirrer, the front and back can be rotated without releasing the restraint of the joined metal member 1.
(12)第四預備工程(12) Fourth preparatory work
第四預備工程為在第四本接合工程之前所進行的工程,在第二側面D側,具備在第四本接合工程的摩擦攪拌的開始位置形成下穴的(12-1)下穴形成工程。The fourth preparatory work is a work performed before the fourth joint work, and on the second side D side, there is a (12-1) lower hole forming process for forming a lower hole at the start position of the fourth friction joining of the joint work. .
(12-1)下穴形成工程(12-1) Lower hole formation project
下穴形成工程,如第14(a)圖所示,其為在第四本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌、的開始位置SM4 形成下穴P4的工程。藉此,可減低本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2的插入阻抗(壓入阻抗)。The lower hole forming process, as shown in Fig. 14(a), is a process of forming the lower hole P4 at the start position S M4 of the friction stir in the fourth joining work. Thereby, the insertion resistance (pressing impedance) of the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G can be reduced.
而且,由於(12-1)下穴形成工程與第一預備工程的(2-4)下穴形成工程大略相同,省略詳細的說明。Further, since the (12-1) lower hole forming process is substantially the same as the (2-4) lower hole forming work of the first preparatory work, a detailed description will be omitted.
(13)第四本接合工程(13) The fourth joint project
第四本接合工程為接合在被接合金屬構件1的第二側面D側的突合部J1的工程。在本實施形態的第四本接合工程中,使用本接合用旋轉工具G,從被接合金屬構件1的第二側面D側進行摩擦攪拌。The fourth joining process is a process of joining the protruding portion J1 on the second side face D side of the joined metal member 1. In the fourth joining process of the present embodiment, the joining rotary tool G is used to perform friction stir from the second side face D side of the joined metal member 1.
第四本接合工程,如第14(a)圖所示,將本接合用旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2插入(壓入)設定於第一突出材2’的開始位置SM4 ,插入的攪拌銷G2在中途不脫離而移動至結束位置EM4 。在第二本接合工程中,從下穴P4開始進行摩擦攪拌,連續地進行直到結束位置EM4 。即,第四本接合工程的開始位置SM4 係位於第二本接合工程的開始位置EM1 側 (參照行進方向V2 )。當使本接合旋轉工具G移動時,如第14(b)圖所示,其攪拌銷G2的周圍的金屬依次塑性流動化之同時,從攪拌銷G2脫離的位置上,塑性流動化的金屬再度硬化而形成塑性化區域(以下稱為「第二側面側塑性化區域W4」)。In the fourth joining process, as shown in Fig. 14 (a), the stirring pin G2 of the joining rotary tool G is inserted (pressed in) at the start position S M4 of the first projecting member 2', and the inserted stirring pin is inserted. G2 moves to the end position E M4 without departing from the middle. In the second joining process, friction stir is started from the lower hole P4, and the operation is continued until the end position E M4 . That is, the start position S M4 of the fourth joining work is located on the side of the start position E M1 of the second joining work (refer to the traveling direction V 2 ). When the joint rotary tool G is moved, as shown in Fig. 14(b), the metal around the stirring pin G2 is plastically fluidized in sequence, and the plastic fluidized metal is again retracted from the position where the stirring pin G2 is detached. The plasticized region is formed by hardening (hereinafter referred to as "second side plasticized region W4").
在第三本接合工程結束的時間點,如第13圖所示,具備假接合用旋轉工具F的摩擦攪拌裝置係位於第一突出材2’的上方。然後,於(11-1)再設置工程後,藉由左右軸辦旋轉,該摩擦攪拌裝置係位於第一突出材2’的正上方。因此當第三本接合工程的開始位置設定於第一突出材2’的上方時,可不移動具備本接合用旋轉工具G的摩擦攪拌裝置而進行第四本接合工程,可省略作業。At the time point when the third joining process is completed, as shown in Fig. 13, the friction stirrer having the dummy joining rotary tool F is positioned above the first projecting material 2'. Then, after the project is further set in (11-1), the friction stirrer is positioned directly above the first projecting member 2' by the left and right shafts. Therefore, when the start position of the third joining work is set above the first projecting material 2', the fourth joining work can be performed without moving the friction stirrer including the joining rotary tool G, and the work can be omitted.
如第14(b)圖所示,當進行第四本接合工程時,表面側塑性化區域W1及裡面側塑性化區域W2的第二側面D側的一部份與第二側面側塑性化區域W4重複。即,藉由表面側塑性化區域W1及裡面側塑性化區域W2的一部份進行再度摩擦攪拌,第二側面D側的空洞缺陷R1 及空洞缺陷R2 的至少一部分由第二側面D側塑性化區域W4斷開。藉此,分別在空洞缺陷R1 及空洞缺陷R2 上形成填充部S3 、S4 。As shown in Fig. 14(b), when the fourth bonding process is performed, a portion of the surface side plasticized region W1 and the back side plasticized region W2 on the second side face D side and the second side plasticized region are formed. W4 repeats. That is, the friction stir is again performed by a portion of the front side plasticized region W1 and the back side plasticized region W2, and at least a part of the void defect R 1 and the void defect R 2 on the second side face D side is the second side D side. The plasticized region W4 is broken. Thereby, filling portions S 3 and S 4 are formed on the void defect R 1 and the void defect R 2 , respectively.
而且,在第四本接合工程之前,省略下穴形成工程(12-1),也可在第三本接合工程之後就直接進行第三本接合工程。又,在第四本接合工程之前,可進行上述第一突出材接合工程、假接合工程、第二突出材接合工程。Further, before the fourth joining work, the lower hole forming process (12-1) is omitted, and the third joining work may be directly performed after the third joining work. Further, before the fourth joining work, the first protruding material joining work, the false joining work, and the second protruding material joining work can be performed.
(14)突出材切除工程(14) Projection of protruding material
在突出材切除工程中,在第四本接合工程結束之後,將第一突出材2及第二突出材3從被接合金屬構件1切除(參照第1圖)。此時,最好除去形成於被接合金屬構件1的表面A及裡面B的毛邊。In the projecting of the projecting material, after the fourth joining process is completed, the first projecting member 2 and the second projecting member 3 are cut off from the joined metal member 1 (see Fig. 1). At this time, it is preferable to remove the burrs formed on the surface A and the inside B of the joined metal member 1.
根據以上說明的本實施形態的接合方法,如第1圖所示,如第1圖所示,即使第一金屬構件1a及第二金屬構件1b為厚度大,藉由於第一側面及第二側面D進行摩擦攪拌,可從第一側面C至第二側面D埋設連續的間隙(參照第30圖的間隙119)。According to the bonding method of the present embodiment described above, as shown in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 1, even if the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b have a large thickness, the first side surface and the second side surface are used. D is friction stir, and a continuous gap can be buried from the first side surface C to the second side surface D (refer to the gap 119 in Fig. 30).
又,在本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向及行進方向設定成上述狀態的情況下,在表面側塑性化區域W1及裡面側塑性化區域W2上,即使從第一側面C橫越至第二側面D形成連續的空洞缺陷R1 、R2 ,藉由將第三本接合工程的開始位置SM3 設於第一本接合工程的開始位置SM1 側,將第四本接合工程的開始位置SM4 設定於第二本接合工程的開始位置SM2 側而進行摩擦攪拌,可形成將空洞缺陷R1 、R2 分別斷開的填充部S1至S4。In the case where the rotation direction and the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool G are set to the above state, the surface side plasticized region W1 and the back side plasticized region W2 are traversed from the first side surface C to the second side. The side surface D forms continuous void defects R 1 and R 2 , and the start position S of the fourth joining work is set by setting the start position S M3 of the third joining work to the start position S M1 side of the first joining work. M4 is set to the start position S M2 side of the second joining process, and friction stir is performed to form the filling portions S1 to S4 in which the void defects R 1 and R 2 are respectively broken.
即,在本實施形態中,本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向由於全部設定成右旋轉,空洞缺陷R產生於表面側塑性化區域W1及裡面側塑性化區域W2的行進方向左側的可能性變高,行進方向的右側形成密度較高的塑性化區域。利用如此的摩擦攪拌的特性,如第1(a)及1(b)圖所示,空洞缺陷R1 、R2 形成於第二金屬構件1b的可能性變高的情況下,第三本接合工程及第四本接合工程的本接合用旋轉工 具G的開始位置設定成如前所述的狀態,藉此空洞缺陷R1 、R2 的兩端可由密度較高的塑性化區域斷開。藉此,可製造第一側面C與第二側面D之間的水密性及氣密性高的被接合金屬構件1。In other words, in the present embodiment, the rotation direction of the joining rotary tool G is set to the right rotation, and the possibility that the void defect R is generated on the left side in the traveling direction of the front side plasticized region W1 and the back side plasticized region W2 becomes High, the right side of the direction of travel forms a plasticized region of higher density. With such a friction stir characteristic, as shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b), when the possibility that the void defects R 1 and R 2 are formed in the second metal member 1b is high, the third joint is used. The starting position of the joining rotary tool G of the fourth joining work and the joining process is set to the above-described state, whereby both ends of the cavity defects R 1 and R 2 can be disconnected from the plasticized region having a high density. Thereby, the joined metal member 1 having high watertightness and airtightness between the first side surface C and the second side surface D can be manufactured.
於此,在本接合用旋轉工具G橫切突合部J1、J2之際,塑性化區域W1乃至W4可能形成氧化皮膜。例如,如第7(b)圖所示,從被接合金屬構件1向第二突出材3進行摩擦攪拌之際,在橫切過突合部J3時,在被接合金屬構件1與第一突出材2之間所形成的氧化皮膜會捲入表面側塑性化區域W1側。若本接合用旋轉工具G做右旋轉,則氧化皮膜形成於表面側塑性化區域W1的行進方向右側的可能性高,若左旋轉,則形成於表面側塑性化區域W1的行進方向左側的可能性高。Here, when the joining rotary tool G crosses the protruding portions J1 and J2, the plasticized regions W1 to W4 may form an oxide film. For example, as shown in FIG. 7(b), when the joined metal member 1 is frictionally stirred toward the second protruding member 3, when the protruding portion J3 is cross-cut, the joined metal member 1 and the first protruding member are joined. The oxide film formed between the two is wound into the surface side plasticized region W1 side. When the joining rotary tool G is rotated to the right, the oxide film is likely to be formed on the right side in the traveling direction of the surface-side plasticized region W1, and if it is rotated to the left, it may be formed on the left side in the traveling direction of the surface-side plasticized region W1. High sex.
但是,根據本實施形態,由於塑性化區域W1乃至W4的兩端部是重複,斷開氧化皮膜,可製造高品質的製品。However, according to the present embodiment, since both ends of the plasticized regions W1 and W4 are repeated, the oxide film is broken, and a high-quality product can be produced.
而且,在本實施形態中,雖然進行第二突出材接合工程、假接合工程以及第一突出材接合工程,但並不限定於此。例如,不必連續地進行,每個工程也可以斷續地進行摩擦攪拌。又,在本實施型態中,雖然使用一對突出材進行假接合工程及本接合工程,不使用突出材而進行摩擦攪拌亦可。又,在本實施型態中,雖然在第一預備工程之後直接進行第一本接合工程,在第一預備工程之後,進行第二預備工程後,連續地進行第一本接合工程及第二本接合工程亦可。Further, in the present embodiment, the second projecting material joining process, the false joining process, and the first projecting material joining work are performed, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, it is not necessary to carry out continuously, and each project can also perform friction stir intermittently. Further, in the present embodiment, the dummy joining process and the joining work are performed using a pair of protruding members, and friction stir may be performed without using the protruding members. Further, in the present embodiment, the first joining work is directly performed after the first preliminary work, and after the first preliminary work, after the second preliminary work, the first joining work and the second copy are continuously performed. Joining works are also possible.
如前所述,本發明在被接合金屬構件1的外周四邊藉由摩擦攪拌而進行接合之際,分別設定本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向及行進方向。即,在進行摩擦攪拌之際,考慮產生空洞缺陷R產生的可能性高的位置而設定本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向及行進方向。在第一實施型態中,雖然針對本接合用旋轉工具G全部做右旋轉的情況作說明,但並不限於此,可藉由本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向及行進方向而考慮各種接合的變化。As described above, in the present invention, when the outer periphery of the joined metal member 1 is joined by friction stir, the rotation direction and the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool G are set. In other words, when the friction stir is performed, the rotation direction and the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool G are set in consideration of a position where the possibility of occurrence of the void defect R is high. In the first embodiment, the case where all of the joining rotary tools G are rotated right is described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various joints may be considered by the rotation direction and the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool G. Variety.
例如,在第一實施型態中,本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向雖然設定成全部做右旋轉,但也可如第二實施型態般,全部設定為左旋轉。For example, in the first embodiment, although the rotation direction of the joining rotary tool G is set to be all right rotation, it may be set to the left rotation as in the second embodiment.
如第15圖所示,將本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向設定成左方向,被接合金屬構件1的表面A於行進方向V1 上進行第一本接合工程時,第二本接合工程是從第一本接合工程的結束位置側向開始位置側(進行方向V2 )而進行摩擦攪拌。此時,由於本接合用旋轉工具G為左旋轉,空洞缺陷R形成於表面側塑性化區域W1及裡面側塑性化區域W2的行進方向右側的可能性變高,行進方向左側係形成密度較高的塑性化區域。即,此時容易在第一金屬構件1a形成空洞缺陷R1 、R2 。As shown in Fig. 15, when the rotation direction of the joining rotary tool G is set to the left direction and the surface A of the joined metal member 1 is subjected to the first joining process in the traveling direction V1, the second joining process is Friction stirring is performed from the end position side of the first joining work to the start position side (the direction V 2 is performed). At this time, since the joining rotary tool G is rotated to the left, the possibility that the void defect R is formed on the right side in the traveling direction of the front side plasticized region W1 and the back side plasticized region W2 is high, and the left side formation density in the traveling direction is high. Plasticized area. That is, at this time, void defects R 1 and R 2 are easily formed in the first metal member 1a.
因此,第三本接合工程係從第一接合工程的開始位置側於行進方向V3 上進行摩擦攪拌。然後,第四本接合工程係從第二接合工程的開始位置側於行進方向V4 上進行摩擦 攪拌。根據上述第三本接合工程及第四本接合工程,空洞缺陷R1 、R2 的兩端再度進行摩擦攪拌,而斷開密度較高的塑性化區域。藉此,由於形成填充部S1 至S4 ,第一側面C與第二側面D之間的氣密性及水密性可更加提高。Therefore, the third joining process performs friction stirring from the starting position side of the first joining process in the traveling direction V 3 . Then, the fourth joining process performs friction stirring from the starting position side of the second joining process in the traveling direction V 4 . According to the third joint work and the fourth joint work described above, the both ends of the void defects R 1 and R 2 are again subjected to friction stir, and the plasticized region having a high density is broken. Accordingly, by forming the filling portion S 1 to S 4, air-tightness and water-tightness between the first side and the second side C D can be further improved.
即,如第一實施型態及第二實施型態所示,本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向為全部同方向的情況下,第二本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置設定為第一本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的結束位置側,同時第三本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置係設定成第一本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置側及第二本接合工程的摩擦攪拌的開始位置側的其中之一,第四本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置係設定成第一本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置側及第二本接合工程的摩擦攪拌的開始位置側的其中之另一。That is, as shown in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, when the rotation direction of the joining rotary tool G is the same direction, the start position of the friction stir in the second joining process is set to be the first The end position of the friction stir in the joint work, and the start position of the friction stir in the third joint work is set to the start position side of the friction stir in the first joint work and the friction stir of the second joint work. One of the start position side, the start position of the friction stir in the fourth joining process is set to the start position side of the friction stir in the first joining work and the start side of the friction stir of the second joining work One of them.
又,例如,第16圖所示的第三實施型態的接合方法就本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向為不同方向的的特徵而言是與第一實施型態不同的。Further, for example, the joining method of the third embodiment shown in Fig. 16 is different from the first embodiment in that the rotation direction of the joining rotary tool G is different in the direction.
第三實施型態的接合方法在第一本接合工程中,將本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向設定成左旋轉,從第一側面C側向第二側面D側(參照行進方向V1 ’)進行摩擦攪拌。In the first bonding method, in the first bonding process, the rotation direction of the joining rotary tool G is set to the left rotation, and the first side surface C side is on the second side surface D side (refer to the traveling direction V 1 ' ) Perform friction stir.
另一方面,第二本接合工程中將本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向設定成右旋轉之同時,將摩擦攪拌的開始位置設定於第一本接合工程的開始位置側,從第一側面C向第二側面D(參照行進方向V2 ’)進行摩擦攪拌。此時,形成 於表面側塑性化區域W1的空洞缺陷R1 以及形成於裡面側塑性化區域W2的空洞缺陷R2 容易共同地形成於第一金屬構件1a上。On the other hand, in the second joining process, the rotation direction of the joining rotary tool G is set to the right rotation, and the start position of the friction stirring is set to the start position side of the first joining work, from the first side C Friction stirring is performed to the second side face D (refer to the traveling direction V 2 '). In this case the cavity formed on the surface side of the plasticized region W1 is formed on the defect wherein R 1 and the rear side of the plasticized region W2 void defects readily R 2 collectively formed on the first metal member 1a.
因此,第三本接合工程將本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向設定成左旋轉的情況下,如第16圖所示,將摩擦攪拌的開始位置設定成第一本接合工程的開始位置側,從表面側A向裡面側B(參照行進方向V3 ’)進行摩擦攪拌。另一方面,第四本接合工程為將本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向設定成右旋轉的情況下,將摩擦攪拌的開始位置設定成第一本接合工程的結束位置,從表面A側向裡面B側(參照行進方向V4 ’)進行摩擦攪拌。根據上述的第三本接合工程及第四本接合工程,空洞缺陷R1 、R2 的兩端再度進行摩擦攪拌,在密度較高的塑性化區域被斷開。藉此,由於形成填充部S1 至S4 ,第一側面C與第二側面D側的氣密性及水密性可以更加提高。Therefore, when the third joining process sets the rotation direction of the joining rotary tool G to the left rotation, as shown in FIG. 16, the start position of the friction stir is set to the start position side of the first joining work, Friction stirring is performed from the surface side A to the back side B (refer to the traveling direction V 3 '). On the other hand, in the fourth joining process, when the rotation direction of the joining rotary tool G is set to the right rotation, the start position of the friction stir is set to the end position of the first joining work, and the surface A side is Friction stir is performed on the B side (refer to the traveling direction V 4 '). According to the third joint work and the fourth joint work described above, both ends of the void defects R 1 and R 2 are friction stir again, and are broken in the plasticized region having a high density. Accordingly, by forming the filling portion S 1 to S 4, air-tightness and water-tightness of the first side surface side of the C and D of the second side surface can be further improved.
即,如第16圖所示,在第一本接合工程中,使本接合用旋轉工具G做左旋轉而設定成使第一金屬構件1a位於本接合用旋轉工具G的行進方向右側,另一方面,在第二本接合工程中,使本接合用旋轉工具G做右旋轉而設定成使第一金屬構件1a位於本接合用旋轉工具G的行進方向左側,第三本接合工程及第四本接合工程中,若本接合用旋轉工具G做右旋轉,設定本接合用旋轉工具G,使第一金屬構件1a位於行進方向右側,若本接合用旋轉工具G做左旋轉,設定本接合用旋轉工具G,使第一金屬構件1a位於 行進方向左側,如此可更提高第一側面C與第二側面D側的氣密性及水密性。That is, as shown in Fig. 16, in the first joining process, the joining rotary tool G is rotated to the left so that the first metal member 1a is positioned to the right in the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool G, and the other In the second joining process, the joining rotary tool G is rotated rightward so that the first metal member 1a is positioned on the left side in the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool G, and the third joining project and the fourth copy are set. In the joining process, when the joining rotary tool G is rotated rightward, the joining rotary tool G is set such that the first metal member 1a is positioned on the right side in the traveling direction, and when the joining rotary tool G is rotated left, the joining rotation is set. Tool G, so that the first metal member 1a is located The left side of the traveling direction can improve the airtightness and watertightness of the first side surface C and the second side surface D side.
又,雖然並未具體地圖示,在第一接合工程中,使本接合用旋轉工具G做右旋轉,設定成使第一金屬構件1a位於本接合用旋轉工具G的行進方向右側,另一方面,在第二本接合工程中,使本接合用旋轉工具G做左旋轉而設定成使第一金屬構件1a位於本接合用旋轉工具G的行進方向左側,第三本接合工程及第四本接合工程中,若本接合用旋轉工具G做右旋轉,設定本接合用旋轉工具G,使第一金屬構件1a位於行進方向左側,若本接合用旋轉工具G做左旋轉,設定本接合用旋轉工具G,使第一金屬構件1a位於行進方向右側,如此可更提高第一側面C與第二側面D側的氣密性及水密性。Further, although not specifically illustrated, in the first joining process, the joining rotary tool G is rotated rightward, and the first metal member 1a is set to the right side in the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool G, and the other In the second joining process, the joining rotary tool G is rotated to the left so that the first metal member 1a is positioned on the left side in the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool G, and the third joining project and the fourth copy are set. In the joining process, when the joining rotary tool G is rotated rightward, the joining rotary tool G is set such that the first metal member 1a is positioned on the left side in the traveling direction, and when the joining rotary tool G is rotated leftward, the joining rotation is set. The tool G is such that the first metal member 1a is located on the right side in the traveling direction, so that the airtightness and watertightness of the first side surface C and the second side surface D side can be further improved.
換言之,形成於表面側塑性化區域W1以及裡面側塑性化區域W2的空洞缺陷R1 、R2 容易共同地形成於第一金屬構件1a上,在第三本接合工程及第四本接合工程中,最好設定本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向及行進方向而使第一金屬構件1a側比第二金屬構件1b側以更高密度進行摩擦攪拌。In other words, the cavity defects R 1 and R 2 formed in the surface side plasticized region W1 and the back side plasticized region W2 are easily formed collectively on the first metal member 1a, in the third bonding work and the fourth bonding work. Preferably, the rotation direction and the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool G are set such that the first metal member 1a side is frictionally agitated at a higher density than the second metal member 1b side.
另一方面,形成於表面側塑性化區域W1以及裡面側塑性化區域W2的空洞缺陷R1、R2形成於第二金屬構件1b的情況下,在第三本接合工程及第四本接合工程中,最好設定本接合用旋轉工具G的旋轉方向及行進方向而使第二金屬構件1b側比第一金屬構件1a側以更高密度進行摩擦攪 拌。On the other hand, in the case where the cavity defects R1 and R2 formed in the front side plasticized region W1 and the back side plasticized region W2 are formed in the second metal member 1b, in the third bonding work and the fourth bonding work, It is preferable to set the rotation direction and the traveling direction of the joining rotary tool G so that the second metal member 1b side is rubbed at a higher density than the first metal member 1a side. mix.
而且,本發明在不脫離本發明的旨趣的範圍內做適當的變更。例如,本實施型態的摩擦攪拌裝置雖然是從被接合金屬構件的上方進行摩擦攪拌,但不限於此,在被接合金屬構件的周圍,本接合用旋轉工具邊移動邊進行摩擦攪拌亦可。又,第一金屬構件1a及第二金屬構件1b可為中空的構件。Further, the present invention is appropriately modified within the scope of the invention. For example, although the friction stirrer of the present embodiment performs friction stir from above the metal member to be joined, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the joining rotary tool may be frictionally stirred while moving around the joined metal member. Further, the first metal member 1a and the second metal member 1b may be hollow members.
又,在本實施型態中,從被接合金屬構件1的側面進行摩擦攪拌的側面本接合工程雖然是相對於被接合金屬構件1的第一側面C進行摩擦攪拌的第三本接合工程、相對於第二側面D而進行摩擦攪拌的第四本接合工程,但相對於任一邊的側面進行摩擦攪拌亦可。Further, in the present embodiment, the side joining process for performing friction stir from the side surface of the joined metal member 1 is a third joining process in which friction stir is performed with respect to the first side face C of the joined metal member 1, and The fourth joining process of friction stir is performed on the second side face D, but friction stir may be performed on the side surface of either side.
本發明的第四實施型態的接合方法,如第17圖所示,相對於使第一金屬構件201a與第二金屬構件201b突合的被接合金屬構件201的突合部J21從表面A、裡面B、第一側面C及第二側面D進行摩擦攪拌,第一金屬構件201a與第二金屬構件201b具備本體部與比本體部還薄的段部。然後,形成於第一側面C及第二側面D的塑性化區域的延長距離比被接合金屬構件201的突合部J21的厚度還大。According to the bonding method of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 17, the protruding portion J21 of the joined metal member 201 that causes the first metal member 201a and the second metal member 201b to protrude from the surface A and the inside B The first side surface C and the second side surface D are frictionally stirred, and the first metal member 201a and the second metal member 201b are provided with a main body portion and a thin portion which is thinner than the main body portion. Then, the extended distance of the plasticized region formed on the first side surface C and the second side surface D is larger than the thickness of the protruding portion J21 of the joined metal member 201.
第一金屬構件201a及第二金屬構件201b,如第18圖所示,為大略相同的形狀的構件,具備厚度大的本體部Q以及在本體部Q的端部形成厚度薄的段部R。第一金屬構件201a及第二金屬構件201b係由鋁、鋁合金、銅、銅合 金、鈦、鈦合金、鎂、鎂合金等可摩擦攪拌的金屬材料。As shown in Fig. 18, the first metal member 201a and the second metal member 201b are members having substantially the same shape, and have a body portion Q having a large thickness and a segment portion R having a small thickness at an end portion of the body portion Q. The first metal member 201a and the second metal member 201b are made of aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, and copper. A friction stir metal material such as gold, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium or magnesium alloy.
在以下的說明中,第一金屬構件201a的表面為表面212a、裡面為裡面213a、一邊的側面為側面214a以及另一邊的側面為側面215a。又,段部R的表面為段部表面217a、相對於段部表面217a垂直地形成的段部R的端面為段部端面218a、從段部表面217a垂直豎立的面為垂直面216a。段部端面218a的高度以p1形成,段部表面217a的寬度以p2形成,垂直面216a的高度以p3形成。In the following description, the surface of the first metal member 201a is the surface 212a, the inner surface is the inner surface 213a, the side surface of one side is the side surface 214a, and the side surface of the other side is the side surface 215a. Further, the surface of the segment portion R is the segment surface 217a, the end surface of the segment portion R formed perpendicularly to the segment surface 217a is the segment end surface 218a, and the surface vertically erected from the segment surface 217a is the vertical surface 216a. The height of the segment end surface 218a is formed by p1, the width of the segment surface 217a is formed by p2, and the height of the vertical surface 216a is formed by p3.
另一方面,第二金屬構件201b的表面為表面212b、裡面為裡面213b、另一方面的側面為側面214b以及另一邊的側面為側面215b。又,段部R的表面為段部表面217b、相對於段部表面217b形成垂直的段部R的端面為段部端面218b、在本體Q側從段部表面217b垂直而形成的面為垂直面216b。段部端面218b的高度以q1形成,段部表面217b的寬度以q2形成,垂直面216b的高度以q3形成。On the other hand, the surface of the second metal member 201b is the surface 212b, the inner surface is the inner surface 213b, the side surface on the other side is the side surface 214b, and the other side surface is the side surface 215b. Further, the surface of the segment portion R is the segment surface 217b, the end surface of the segment portion R perpendicular to the segment surface 217b is the segment end surface 218b, and the surface formed perpendicularly from the segment surface 217b on the body Q side is the vertical surface. 216b. The height of the segment end surface 218b is formed by q1, the width of the segment surface 217b is formed by q2, and the height of the vertical surface 216b is formed by q3.
第一金屬構件201a及第二金屬構件201b的側面間的長度形成大略相等之同時,相向的段部R分別形成p1≒q3、p2≒q2、p3≒q1。The lengths between the side faces of the first metal member 201a and the second metal member 201b are substantially equal, and the opposing segment portions R form p1≒q3, p2≒q2, and p3≒q1, respectively.
接著,針對第四實施形態的接合方法做說明。第四實施形態的接合方法包括(1)準備工程、(2)第一預備工程、(3)第一本接合工程、(4)第二預備工程、(5)第二本接合工程、(6)第三準備工程、(7)第三預備工程、(8)第三本接合工程、(9)第四預備工程、(10)第四本接合工程。而且,結合第三本接合工程及第四本接合工程而稱為側面本接合工 程。又,與第一實施形態重複的部分省略其說明。Next, the bonding method of the fourth embodiment will be described. The joining method of the fourth embodiment includes (1) preparation work, (2) first preliminary work, (3) first joint work, (4) second preparatory work, (5) second joint work, (6) a third preparatory project, (7) a third preparatory project, (8) a third joint project, (9) a fourth preparatory project, and (10) a fourth joint project. Moreover, the third joint work and the fourth joint work are called side joints. Cheng. Further, the description of the portions overlapping with the first embodiment will be omitted.
(1)準備工程(1) Preparation project
在準備工程中,第一金屬構件201a與第二金屬構件201b突合而形成被接合金屬構件201的突合工程、將第一突出材202及第二突出材203配置於被接合金屬構件201的兩側面的突出材配置工程、第一突出材202及第二突出材203與被接合金屬構件201藉由熔接而假接合的熔接工程、將被接合金屬構件201設置於未圖示的摩擦攪拌裝置的台架上的設置工程。In the preparation process, the first metal member 201a and the second metal member 201b are protruded to form a joint project of the joined metal member 201, and the first projecting member 202 and the second projecting member 203 are disposed on both sides of the joined metal member 201. The protruding material arrangement project, the first protruding material 202 and the second protruding material 203 and the joined metal member 201 are spliced by welding, and the joined metal member 201 is placed on a table of a friction stirrer (not shown). Set up the project.
突合工程,如第18(a)及18(b)圖所示,其使第一金屬構件201a的垂直面216a、段部表面217a及段部端面218a分別與第二金屬構件201b的段部端面218b、段部表面217b及垂直面216b相向而使兩者突合。又,第一金屬構件201a的表面212a與第二金屬構件201b的表面212b齊平,第一金屬構件201a的裡面213a與第二金屬構件201b的表面213b齊平。又,第一金屬構件201a的一邊的側面214a與第二金屬構件201b的一邊的側面214b齊平,第一金屬構件201a的另一邊的側面215a與第二金屬構件201b的另一邊的側面215b齊平。如第17圖及第18圖所示,藉由突合工程,在第一金屬構件201a與第二金屬構件201b的突合面上形成突合部J21。The projecting process, as shown in Figs. 18(a) and 18(b), causes the vertical surface 216a, the segment surface 217a, and the segment end surface 218a of the first metal member 201a to be respectively opposite to the end surface of the second metal member 201b. 218b, the segment surface 217b and the vertical surface 216b face each other to cause the two to protrude. Further, the surface 212a of the first metal member 201a is flush with the surface 212b of the second metal member 201b, and the inner surface 213a of the first metal member 201a is flush with the surface 213b of the second metal member 201b. Further, the side surface 214a of one side of the first metal member 201a is flush with the side surface 214b of one side of the second metal member 201b, and the side surface 215a of the other side of the first metal member 201a is flush with the side surface 215b of the other side of the second metal member 201b. level. As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the projecting portion J21 is formed on the protruding surface of the first metal member 201a and the second metal member 201b by the projecting process.
而且,被接合金屬構件201的表面為表面A、裡面為裡面B、一邊的側面為第一側面C以及另一邊的側面為第二側面D。又,在第一側面C及第二側面D中,形成突合 部J21的各平面線形為L1、L2及L3。平面線形L2分別相對於平面線形L1及平面線形L3形成垂直。Further, the surface of the joined metal member 201 is the front surface A, the inner surface is the inner surface B, the side surface on one side is the first side surface C, and the side surface on the other side is the second side surface D. Further, in the first side surface C and the second side surface D, a protrusion is formed The plane lines of the portion J21 are L1, L2, and L3. The planar line shape L2 is perpendicular to the plane line shape L1 and the plane line shape L3, respectively.
在突出材配置工程中,一對突出材配置於被接合金屬構件201的兩側面。第一突出材202及第二突出材203,如第19圖及第20圖所示,其為夾持突合部而配置的元件,具備分別覆蓋第一側面C及第二側面D的尺寸及形狀。第一突出材202及第二突出材203分別具備與被接合金屬構件201的尺寸相同厚度的尺寸,第一突出材202及第二突出材203的表面及裡面與被接合金屬構件201的表面A及裡面B齊平。雖然第一突出材202及第二突出材203的材質並無限制,在本實施形態中形成與被接合金屬構件201為相同組成的金屬材料。In the projecting material arrangement project, a pair of projecting members are disposed on both side faces of the joined metal member 201. As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the first projecting member 202 and the second projecting member 203 are members arranged to sandwich the protruding portion, and have sizes and shapes covering the first side face C and the second side face D, respectively. . Each of the first protruding material 202 and the second protruding material 203 has a size equal to the size of the metal member 201 to be joined, and the surface and the inside of the first protruding material 202 and the second protruding material 203 and the surface A of the joined metal member 201 And inside B flush. Although the material of the first projecting member 202 and the second projecting member 203 is not limited, in the present embodiment, a metal material having the same composition as that of the joined metal member 201 is formed.
在熔接工程中,如第19圖所示,將被接合金屬構件201與第一突出材202所形成的內側角部202a、202b熔接而將被接合金屬構件201與第一突出材202作假接合。而且,被接合金屬構件201與第二突出材203所形成的內側角部203a、203b熔接而將被接合金屬構件201與第二突出材203作假接合。而且,可跨越內側角部202a、202b及203a、203b的全長而連續地實施熔接,也可斷續地實施熔接。In the welding process, as shown in Fig. 19, the joined metal members 201 are welded to the inner corner portions 202a, 202b formed by the first projecting members 202, and the joined metal members 201 are falsely joined to the first projecting members 202. Further, the joined metal member 201 is welded to the inner corner portions 203a and 203b formed by the second protruding member 203 to falsely engage the joined metal member 201 and the second protruding member 203. Further, the welding may be continuously performed across the entire length of the inner corner portions 202a, 202b and 203a, 203b, or the welding may be intermittently performed.
在設置工程中,將第一突出材202及第二突出材203假熔接後的被接合金屬構件201載置於未圖示的摩擦攪拌裝置的台架上,例如使用夾具而拘束成無法移動。本實施形態的上述摩擦攪拌裝置為從被接合金屬構件201的上方 進行摩擦攪拌而設定的裝置。In the installation process, the joined metal member 201 in which the first projecting member 202 and the second projecting member 203 are falsely welded is placed on a gantry of a friction stirrer (not shown), and is restrained from moving by, for example, using a jig. The friction stirrer of the present embodiment is above the joined metal member 201 A device that is set by friction stir.
(2)第一預備工程(2) First preparatory work
在第一預備工程中,對於出現在被接合金屬構件201的表面A的突合部J21,使用小型的旋轉工具F進行假接合。本實施形態的第一預備工程包括被接合金屬構件201與第二突出材203的突合部J23接合的第二突出材接合工程、接合被接合金屬構件201的突合部J21的接合工程、被接合金屬構件201與第二突出材202的突合部J22接合的第一突出材接合工程以及在第一本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置形成下穴的下穴形成工程。In the first preliminary work, the small joint rotating tool F is used for the false engagement on the protruding portion J21 appearing on the surface A of the joined metal member 201. The first preparatory work of the present embodiment includes a second projecting material joining process in which the joined metal member 201 is joined to the protruding portion J23 of the second protruding member 203, a joining process of joining the protruding portion J21 of the joined metal member 201, and a joined metal. The first projecting engagement work of the member 201 with the projecting portion J22 of the second projecting material 202 and the start of the friction stir in the first joining work form the lower hole forming process of the lower hole.
在第一預備工程中,如第20圖所示,使一個假接合用旋轉工具移動而形成連續移動的軌跡,對於突合部J23、J21、J22連續地進行摩擦攪拌。即,使插入摩擦攪拌的開始位置SP1 的假接合用旋轉工具F的攪拌銷F2(參照第20圖)在中途不脫離而移動至結束位置EP1 。而且,在本實施形態中,雖然將摩擦攪拌的開始位置SP1 設於第二突出材203上,將摩擦攪拌的結束位置EP1 設於第一突出材202上,開始位置SP1 與結束位置EP1 並無限定。In the first preparatory work, as shown in Fig. 20, a dummy joining rotary tool is moved to form a continuously moving trajectory, and the splicing portions J23, J21, and J22 are continuously frictionally stirred. In other words, the stirring pin F2 (see FIG. 20) of the dummy joining rotary tool F inserted into the friction stirring start position S P1 is moved to the end position E P1 without departing from the middle. Further, in the present embodiment, the friction stir starting position S P1 is provided on the second protruding member 203, and the friction stirring end position E P1 is set on the first protruding member 202, and the starting position S P1 and the ending position are set. E P1 is not limited.
如第20圖所示,使小型旋轉工具F位於設在第二突出材203的適當位置的開始位置SP1 的正上方,接著,使小型旋轉工具F邊旋轉邊下降而將攪拌銷F2壓附於開始位置SP1 。攪拌銷F2的全體進入第二突出材203,而且肩部F1的下端面F11的整面接觸於第二突出材203的表面,之後使小型旋轉工具F邊旋轉邊朝第二突出材接合工程的起點 s3做相對移動。使小型旋轉工具F做相對移動而連續地進行摩擦攪拌直到第二突出材接合工程的起點s3為止,之後在起點s3小型旋轉工具s3不脫離而依此狀態移行至第二突出材接合工程。As shown in Fig. 20, the small rotary tool F is placed directly above the start position S P1 at the appropriate position of the second projecting member 203, and then the small rotary tool F is lowered while rotating to press the stirring pin F2. At the starting position S P1 . The entirety of the stirring pin F2 enters the second protruding member 203, and the entire surface of the lower end surface F11 of the shoulder portion F1 contacts the surface of the second protruding member 203, and then the small rotating tool F is rotated while being rotated toward the second protruding material. The starting point s3 is relatively moved. The small rotary tool F is continuously moved and frictionally stirred until the start point s3 of the second projecting engagement process, and then the small rotary tool s3 is moved to the second projecting engagement process at the starting point s3 without departing from the state.
在第二突出材接合工程中,對於第二突出材203與被接合金屬構件201的突合部J23進行摩擦攪拌。具體而言,在被接合金屬構件201與第二突出材203的接縫(邊界線)上設定摩擦攪拌的路徑,沿著該路徑使小型旋轉工具F做相對移動,對於突合部J23進行摩擦攪拌。而且,在本實施形態中,小型旋轉工具F在中途不脫離而從第二突出材接合工程的起點s3至終點e3連續地進行摩擦攪拌。In the second projecting material joining process, the second protruding member 203 and the protruding portion J23 of the joined metal member 201 are frictionally stirred. Specifically, a path of friction stir is set on the joint (boundary line) of the joined metal member 201 and the second protruding member 203, and the small rotary tool F is relatively moved along the path, and the friction stir is performed on the protruding portion J23. . Further, in the present embodiment, the small rotary tool F is continuously frictionally agitated from the starting point s3 to the end point e3 of the second projecting material joining process without departing from the middle.
而且,當小型旋轉工具F的攪拌銷F2進入突合部J23時,被接合金屬構件201與第二突出材203拉離的力作用,由於被接合金屬構件201與第二突出材203所形成的內側角部203a、203b(參照第21圖)做熔接而進行假接合,可防止被接合金屬構件201與第二突出材203之間形成開孔。Further, when the stirring pin F2 of the small rotary tool F enters the protruding portion J23, the force of the joined metal member 201 and the second protruding member 203 is pulled apart, due to the inner side formed by the joined metal member 201 and the second protruding member 203 The corner portions 203a and 203b (see FIG. 21) are welded and joined to each other to prevent an opening from being formed between the joined metal member 201 and the second protruding member 203.
在小型旋轉工具F到達第二突出材接合工程的終點e3之後,在終點e3不結束摩擦攪拌而連續地進行摩擦攪拌直到假接合工程的起點s1,依此狀態移行至假接合工程。即,從第二突出材接合工程的終點e3到假接合工程的起點s1,小型旋轉工具F不脫離而繼續進行摩擦攪拌,而且,在起點s1小型旋轉工具F不脫離而移行至假接合工程。如此,在第二突出材接合工程的終點e3,小型旋轉工具F不需要脫離作業,而且在假接合工程的起點s1,不需要小型 旋轉工具F的插入作業,因此可達到預備性的接合作業的效率化、迅速化。After the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e3 of the second projecting engagement project, the friction stir is not ended at the end point e3, and the friction stir is continuously performed until the starting point s1 of the false engagement process, and the state is shifted to the false engagement process. That is, from the end point e3 of the second projecting material joining process to the starting point s1 of the dummy joining work, the small rotating tool F continues the friction stirring without being separated, and the small rotating tool F moves to the false joining process without departing from the starting point s1. Thus, at the end point e3 of the second projecting joint project, the small rotary tool F does not need to be detached, and at the starting point s1 of the false joint project, no small size is required. Since the insertion work of the rotary tool F is performed, the efficiency of the preliminary joining work can be improved and speeded up.
在假接合工程中,對於被接合金屬構件201的突合部J21進行摩擦攪拌。具體而言,在被接合金屬構件201的接縫(邊界線)上設定摩擦攪拌的路徑,藉由沿該路徑使小型旋轉工具F做相對移動,而跨越突合部J21的全長連續地進行摩擦攪拌。而且,在本實施形態中,小型旋轉工具F在中途不脫離而從假接合工程的起點s1至終點e1連續地進行摩擦攪拌。In the dummy joining process, the joint portion J21 of the joined metal member 201 is friction stir. Specifically, a path of friction stir is set on the joint (boundary line) of the joined metal member 201, and the small rotary tool F is relatively moved along the path, and the friction stir is continuously performed across the entire length of the protruding portion J21. . Further, in the present embodiment, the small rotary tool F is continuously frictionally agitated from the starting point s1 to the end point e1 of the false joining process without departing from the middle.
在小型旋轉工具F到達假接合工程的終點e1之後,在終點e1摩擦攪拌不結束而連續地進行摩擦攪拌直到第一突出材接合工程的起點s2,依此狀態移行至第一突出材接合工程。即,從假接合工程的終點e1至第一突出材接合工程s2,小型旋轉工具F不脫離而繼續進行摩擦攪拌,而且,在起點s2,小型旋轉工具F不脫離而移行至第一突出材接合工程。After the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e1 of the dummy jointing work, the friction stir is not ended at the end point e1, and the friction stir is continuously performed until the starting point s2 of the first projecting material joining process, and the state is transferred to the first projecting material joining work. That is, from the end point e1 of the dummy joining process to the first projecting material joining process s2, the small rotating tool F continues to perform friction stirring without being separated, and at the starting point s2, the small rotating tool F moves to the first protruding material without departing. engineering.
在第一突出材接合工程中,對被接合金屬201與第一突出材202的突合部J22進行摩擦攪拌。具體而言,將摩擦攪拌的路徑設定於被接合金屬構件201與第一突出材202的接縫(邊界線)上,沿該路徑使小型旋轉工具F做相對移動,而對突合部J22進行摩擦攪拌。而且,在本實施形態中,小型旋轉工具F在中途不脫離而從第一突出材接合工程的起點s2至終點e2連續地進行摩擦攪拌。In the first projecting material joining process, the joined metal 201 and the protruding portion J22 of the first protruding member 202 are frictionally stirred. Specifically, the path of the friction stir is set on the joint (boundary line) of the joined metal member 201 and the first protruding member 202, along which the small rotary tool F is relatively moved, and the protruding portion J22 is rubbed. Stir. Further, in the present embodiment, the small rotary tool F is continuously frictionally agitated from the starting point s2 to the end point e2 of the first projecting material joining process without departing from the middle.
又,當小型旋轉工具F的攪拌銷F2進入突合部J22 時,被接合金屬構件201與第一突出材202拉離的力作用,由於被接合金屬構件201與第一突出材202所形成的內側角部202a、202b做熔接而進行假接合,可防止被接合金屬構件201與第一突出材202之間形成開孔。Also, when the stirring pin F2 of the small rotary tool F enters the protruding portion J22 When the force of the joined metal member 201 and the first protruding member 202 is pulled apart, the joined metal member 201 is welded to the inner corner portions 202a and 202b formed by the first protruding member 202 to be falsely joined, thereby preventing the being An opening is formed between the joint metal member 201 and the first protruding member 202.
在小型旋轉工具F到達第一突出材接合工程的終點e2之後,在終點e2摩擦攪拌不結束而連續地進行摩擦攪拌直到設於第一突出材202的結束位置EP1 為止。而且在本實施形態中,結束位置EP1 設於被接合金屬構件201的表面A側的接縫(邊界線)的延長線上。即,結束位置EP1 也是後述的第一本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置SM1 。After the small rotary tool F reaches the end point e2 of the first projecting material joining process, the friction stir is not completed at the end point e2, and the friction stirring is continuously performed until the end position E P1 of the first projecting material 202 is set. Further, in the present embodiment, the end position E P1 is provided on the extension line of the joint (boundary line) on the surface A side of the joined metal member 201. That is, the end position E P1 is also the start position S M1 of the friction stir in the first joining work to be described later.
在小型旋轉工具F到達結束位置EP1 之後,使小型旋轉工具F邊旋轉邊上升,而使攪拌銷F2從結束位置EP1 脫離。After the small rotary tool F reaches the end position E P1 , the small rotary tool F is raised while rotating, and the stirring pin F2 is disengaged from the end position E P1 .
下穴形成工程為在第一本接合工程的摩擦攪拌的開始位置形成下穴的工程(參照第4(b)圖)。在本實施形態的下穴形成工程中,下穴(圖式省略)係形成於設定在第一突出材202的表面的SM1 上。The lower hole forming process is a process of forming a lower hole at the start position of the friction stir of the first joining project (refer to Fig. 4(b)). In the lower hole forming process of the present embodiment, the lower hole (not shown) is formed on the S M1 set on the surface of the first protruding material 202.
(3)第一本接合工程(3) The first joint project
第一本接合工程為使被接合金屬構件201的表面A側的突合部J21真正地接合的工程。在本實施形態的第一本接合工程中,使用大型旋轉工具G,對假接合的狀態下的突合部J21從被接合金屬構件201的表面A側進行摩擦攪拌。The first joining process is a process of actually joining the projections J21 on the surface A side of the joined metal member 201. In the first joining process of the present embodiment, the large-sized rotary tool G is used to frictionally stir the protruding portion J21 in the state of the false joint from the surface A side of the joined metal member 201.
在第一本接合工程中,如第21圖所示,使大型旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2插入(壓入)形成於開始位置SM1 的下穴 P1,插入的攪拌銷G2在中途不脫離而移動至結束位置EM1 。即,在第一本接合工程中,從下穴P1開始摩擦攪拌,而連續地進行摩擦攪拌直到結束位置EM1 為止。In the first joining process, as shown in Fig. 21, the stirring pin G2 of the large rotating tool G is inserted (pressed) into the lower hole P1 formed at the starting position S M1 , and the inserted stirring pin G2 is not separated in the middle. Move to the end position E M1 . That is, in the first joining process, the friction stir is started from the lower hole P1, and the friction stirring is continuously performed until the end position E M1 .
而且,在本實施形態中,雖然在第一突出材202上設置摩擦攪拌的開始位置SM1 ,在第二突出材203上設置結束位置EM1 ,但開始位置SM1 與結束位置EM1 的位置並無限定。Further, in the present embodiment, the start position S M1 of the friction stir is provided on the first protrusion 202, and the end position E M1 is provided on the second protrusion 203, but the position of the start position S M1 and the end position E M1 is set. There is no limit.
參照第21圖更詳細地說明第一本接合工程。The first bonding work will be explained in more detail with reference to Fig. 21.
首先,如第21圖所示,使大型旋轉工具G位於下穴(開始位置SM1 )的正上方,接著使大型旋轉工具G邊做右旋轉邊下降而使攪拌銷G2的前端插入下穴。當攪拌銷G2全體進入第一突出材202且肩部G1的下端面G11的整面接觸於第一突出材202的表面之後,一邊進行摩擦攪拌,一邊使大型旋轉工具G向被接合金屬構件201的突合部J21的一端做相對移動,而且橫切突合部J22而突入突合部J21。當使大型旋轉工具G移動時,在該攪拌銷G2的周圍的金屬依次塑性流動化之同時,在從攪拌銷G2分離的位置上,塑性流動化的金屬再度硬化而形成塑性化區域(以下稱為「表面側塑性化區域W21」)。First, as shown in Fig. 21, the large rotary tool G is placed directly above the lower hole (starting position S M1 ), and then the large rotary tool G is lowered while rotating rightward, and the tip end of the stirring pin G2 is inserted into the lower hole. After the entire stirring pin G2 enters the first protruding material 202 and the entire surface of the lower end surface G11 of the shoulder G1 contacts the surface of the first protruding material 202, the large rotating tool G is moved toward the joined metal member 201 while performing friction stirring. One end of the protruding portion J21 moves relative to each other, and crosses the protruding portion J22 to protrude into the protruding portion J21. When the large rotary tool G is moved, the metal around the stirring pin G2 is plastically fluidized in sequence, and at the position separated from the stirring pin G2, the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again to form a plasticized region (hereinafter referred to as It is "surface-side plasticized region W21").
在被接合金屬構件201的突合部J21,將摩擦攪拌的路徑設定於被接合金屬構件201的接縫(假接合工程中的移動軌跡上),藉由沿該路徑使大型旋轉工具G作相對移動,從突合部J21的一端至另一端連續地進行摩擦攪拌。使大型旋轉工具G相對移動,進行摩擦攪拌同時橫切過突合部J23,依此狀態朝結束位置EM1 作相對移動。At the protruding portion J21 of the joined metal member 201, the path of the friction stir is set to the joint of the joined metal member 201 (on the moving trajectory in the dummy joining process), and the large rotating tool G is relatively moved along the path. The friction stir is continuously performed from one end to the other end of the protruding portion J21. The large rotary tool G is relatively moved, and the friction stir is applied to cross the protruding portion J23, and the state is moved toward the end position E M1 in this state.
在大型旋轉工具G到達結束位置EM1 之後,使大型旋轉工具G邊旋轉邊上升而使攪拌銷G2從結束位置EM1 脫離。After the large rotary tool G reaches the end position E M1 , the large rotary tool G is raised while rotating, and the stirring pin G2 is disengaged from the end position E M1 .
(4)第二預備工程(4) Second preparatory work
在第二預備工程中,對出現於被接合金屬構件201的裡面B的突合部J21而使用小型旋轉工具F進行假接合。第二預備工程包括被接合金屬構件201與第一突出材202接合的第一突出材接合工程、接合被接合金屬構件201的突合部J21的假接合工程、被接合金屬構件201與第二突出材202的突合部J23接合的第二突出材接合工程、在第二本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置形成下穴的下穴形成工程。In the second preparatory work, the small-sized rotary tool F is used for the false engagement on the protruding portion J21 of the inner surface B of the joined metal member 201. The second preliminary work includes a first projecting engagement work in which the joined metal member 201 is joined to the first projecting member 202, a false joint work in which the joint portion J21 of the joined metal member 201 is joined, the joined metal member 201 and the second projecting member The second projecting material joining work of the joint portion J23 of 202, and the lower hole forming process of the lower hole are formed at the start position of the friction stir in the second joining work.
第二預備工程除了在被接合金屬構件201的裡面B進行之外,其他與第一預備工程大略相同,因此省略其說明。The second preparatory work is substantially the same as the first preparatory work except that it is performed on the inner side B of the joined metal member 201, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted.
(5)第二本接合工程(5) The second joint project
第二本接合工程為被接合金屬構件201的裡面B側的突合部J21做真正接合的工程。在本實施形態的第二本接合工程中,使用大型旋轉工具G,而對假接合狀態的突合部J21從被接合金屬構件201的裡面B側進行摩擦攪拌。The second joining process is a process in which the joint portion J21 on the inner side B side of the joined metal member 201 is actually joined. In the second joining work of the present embodiment, the large-sized rotary tool G is used, and the protruding portion J21 in the false engagement state is frictionally stirred from the inner side B side of the joined metal member 201.
第二本接合工程,如第22圖所示,將右旋轉的大型旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2插入(壓入)開始位置SM2 ,插入的攪拌銷G2在中途不脫離而移動至結束位置EM2 。藉由第二本接合工程中,在被接合金屬構件201的裡面B形成塑性化區域W22。第二本接合工程除了在被接合金屬構件201的裡面B進行,其餘與上述的第一本接合工程大略相同,詳 細的說明省略。In the second joining work, as shown in Fig. 22, the stirring pin G2 of the large rotating tool G that is rotated right is inserted (pressed in) at the start position S M2 , and the inserted stirring pin G2 is moved to the end position E without being detached in the middle. M2 . In the second bonding process, the plasticized region W22 is formed on the inner surface B of the joined metal member 201. The second joining process is performed in the same manner as the first joining process described above except for the inner side B of the joined metal member 201, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
而且,在第二本接合工程結束之後,將第一突出材202及第二突出材203從被接合金屬構件201切除。Further, after the second joining process is completed, the first projecting member 202 and the second projecting member 203 are cut off from the joined metal member 201.
(6)第三準備工程(6) Third preparation project
第三準備工程,在本實施形態中,包括將第一突出材204與第二突出材205配置於被接合金屬構件201的突合部J21的兩側的突出材配置工程、藉由熔接第一突出材204與第二突出材205而假接合於被接合金屬構件201的熔接工程、將被接合金屬構件201設置於未圖示的摩擦攪拌裝置的台架上的設置工程。In the third embodiment, the first projecting member 204 and the second projecting member 205 are disposed on both sides of the protruding portion J21 of the joined metal member 201, and the first protruding member is welded by the first protruding member. The material 204 and the second projecting material 205 are falsely joined to the joining process of the joined metal member 201, and the joining metal member 201 is placed on a gantry of a friction stirrer (not shown).
突出材配置工程,如第23圖所示,將一對突出材配置於被接合金屬構件201的表面A及裡面B。第一突出材204及第二突出材205,如第23圖所示,其為夾持突合部J21而配置的元件,具備分別覆蓋呈現於表面A及裡面B的突合部J21的尺寸及形狀。第一突出材204及第二突出材205的表面及裡面分別與被接合金屬構件201的第一側面C及第二側面D齊平。雖然第一突出材204及第二突出材205的材質並無限制,在本實施形態中形成與被接合金屬構件201為相同組成的金屬材料。In the projecting material arrangement, as shown in Fig. 23, a pair of projecting members are disposed on the surface A and the inner side B of the joined metal member 201. As shown in Fig. 23, the first projecting member 204 and the second projecting member 205 are members which are disposed to sandwich the projecting portion J21, and have a size and a shape which respectively cover the projecting portion J21 which is formed on the front surface A and the inner surface B. The surfaces and the inner surfaces of the first protruding member 204 and the second protruding member 205 are flush with the first side surface C and the second side surface D of the joined metal member 201, respectively. Although the material of the first projecting member 204 and the second projecting member 205 is not limited, in the present embodiment, a metal material having the same composition as that of the joined metal member 201 is formed.
在熔接工程中,將被接合金屬構件201與第一突出材204及第二突出材205所形成的內側角部熔接而將被接合金屬構件201與第一突出材204及第二突出材205作假接合。In the welding process, the joined metal member 201 is welded to the inner corner portion formed by the first protruding member 204 and the second protruding member 205 to falsify the joined metal member 201 and the first protruding member 204 and the second protruding member 205. Engage.
在設置工程中,將第一突出材204及第二突出材205 假熔接後的被接合金屬構件201載置於未圖示的摩擦攪拌裝置的台架上,例如使用夾具而拘束成無法移動。In the setting process, the first protruding material 204 and the second protruding material 205 are The joined metal member 201 after the false welding is placed on a gantry of a friction stirrer (not shown), and is restrained from moving by, for example, using a jig.
(7)第三預備工程(7) Third preparatory work
包括被接合金屬構件201與第一突出材204的突合部J24接合的第一突出材接合工程、接合被接合金屬構件201的突合部J21的接合工程、被接合金屬構件201與第二突出材205的突合部J25接合的第二突出材接合工程以及在第三本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置形成下穴的下穴形成工程。The first projecting material joining work including the joined metal member 201 and the protruding portion J24 of the first protruding material 204, the joining process of the joint portion J21 of the joined metal member 201, the joined metal member 201 and the second protruding member 205 The second projecting joint work of the joint portion J25 and the start position of the friction stir in the third joint work form the lower hole forming process of the lower hole.
在第一突出材接合工程中,對於第一突出材204與被接合金屬構件201的突合部J24進行摩擦攪拌。具體而言,在被接合金屬構件201與第一突出材204的接縫(邊界線)上設定摩擦攪拌的路徑,沿著該路徑使小型旋轉工具F做相對移動,對於突合部J24進行摩擦攪拌。而且,在本實施形態中,小型旋轉工具F在中途不脫離而從第一突出材接合工程的起點n1至終點n2連續地進行摩擦攪拌。In the first projecting material joining process, the first projecting member 204 and the joint portion J24 of the joined metal member 201 are frictionally stirred. Specifically, a path of friction stir is set on the joint (boundary line) of the joined metal member 201 and the first protruding member 204, and the small rotary tool F is relatively moved along the path, and friction stir is performed on the protruding portion J24. . Further, in the present embodiment, the small rotary tool F is continuously frictionally agitated from the starting point n1 to the end point n2 of the first projecting material joining process without departing from the middle.
小型旋轉工具F到達終點n2之後,當小型旋轉工具F進入第一突出材204側時,就進行摩擦攪拌直到假接合工程的基點n3為止。在小型旋轉工具F到達基點n3之後,小型旋轉工具F不脫離而言著突合部J21實施假接合工程。本實施形態的突合部J21由於由平面線形L1、L2、L3所構成,在每個折曲點C1、C2使方向改變90度,同時使小型旋轉工具F移動而進行摩擦攪拌。After the small rotary tool F reaches the end point n2, when the small rotary tool F enters the first projecting material 204 side, the friction stir is performed until the base point n3 of the false joint work. After the small rotary tool F reaches the base point n3, the small rotary tool F performs the false engagement process without departing from the protruding portion J21. The protruding portion J21 of the present embodiment is composed of the planar linear shapes L1, L2, and L3, and the direction is changed by 90 degrees for each of the bending points C1 and C2, and the small rotary tool F is moved to perform friction stir.
在小型旋轉工具F到達基點n6之後,小型旋轉工具F 不脫離而進入第二突出材205側,移動至第二突出材接合工程的起點n7。在小旋轉工具F到達起點n7之後,沿著突合部J205而進行摩擦攪拌直到終點n8為止。在小旋轉工具F到達n8之後,進入第二突出材205側,在結束位置EP3 使小型旋轉工具F脫離。而且,結束位置EP3 成為後述的第三本接合工程的開始位置SM3 。After the small rotary tool F reaches the base point n6, the small rotary tool F enters the second protruding member 205 side without being disengaged, and moves to the starting point n7 of the second protruding material joining process. After the small rotary tool F reaches the starting point n7, friction stir is performed along the protruding portion J205 until the end point n8. After the small rotary tool F reaches n8, it enters the second projecting member 205 side, and at the end position E P3, the small rotary tool F is disengaged. Further, the end position E P3 becomes the start position S M3 of the third joining work to be described later.
下穴形成工程為在第三本接合工程的摩擦攪拌的開始位置形成下穴的工程。在本實施形態的下穴形成工程中,下穴係形成於設定在第二突出材5的表面的SM3 上。在下穴形成工程中,由於與上述的形態大略相同,因此省略詳細的說明。The lower hole forming process is a process of forming a lower hole at the beginning of the friction stir of the third joining work. In the lower hole forming process of the present embodiment, the lower hole is formed on the S M3 set on the surface of the second protruding material 5. In the lower hole forming process, since it is substantially the same as the above-described form, detailed description is omitted.
(8)第三本接合工程(8) The third joint project
第三本接合工程為被接合金屬構件201的第一側面C側的突合部J21做真正接合的工程。在本實施形態的第三本接合工程中,使用大型旋轉工具G,而對假接合狀態的突合部J21從被接合金屬構件201的第一側面C側進行摩擦攪拌。The third joining process is a process in which the joint portion J21 on the first side face C side of the joined metal member 201 is actually joined. In the third joining process of the present embodiment, the large-sized rotary tool G is used, and the protruding portion J21 in the false engagement state is frictionally stirred from the first side face C side of the joined metal member 201.
第三本接合工程,如第24圖所示,將左旋轉的大型旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2插入(壓入)開始位置SM3 ,插入的攪拌銷G2在中途不脫離而移動至結束位置EM3 。在第三本接合工程中,從設定於第二突出材5的開始位置SM3 的下穴(圖式省略)開始摩擦攪拌,直到設定於第一突出材204的結束位置EM3 為止連續地進行摩擦攪拌。In the third joining work, as shown in Fig. 24, the stirring pin G2 of the large rotating tool G that is rotated left is inserted (pressed in) at the start position S M3 , and the inserted stirring pin G2 is moved to the end position E without being detached halfway. M3 . In the third joining process, the friction stir is started from the lower hole (the omitted pattern) set at the start position S M3 of the second protrusion 5 until the end position E M3 of the first protrusion 204 is set continuously. Friction stir.
而且,在本實施形態中,雖然將摩擦攪拌的開始位置 SM3 設於第二突出材205,結束位置EM3 設於第一突出材204,開始位置SM3 與結束位置EM3 的位置並無限定。Further, in the present embodiment, the start position S M3 of the friction stir is provided in the second protrusion 205, and the end position E M3 is provided in the first protrusion 204, and the positions of the start position S M3 and the end position E M3 are not provided. limited.
第三本接合工程,如第24圖所示,使大型旋轉工具G位於開始位置SM1 的正上方,接著使大型旋轉工具G邊做右旋轉邊下降而使攪拌銷G2的前端插入下穴(圖式省略)。當攪拌銷G2全體進入第二突出材205且肩部G1的下端面G11的整面接觸於第二突出材205的表面之後,一邊進行摩擦攪拌,一邊使大型旋轉工具G向被接合金屬構件201的突合部J21的基點n6做相對移動,而突入突合部J21。當使大型旋轉工具G移動時,在該攪拌銷G2的周圍的金屬依次塑性流動化之同時,在從攪拌銷G2分離的位置上,塑性流動化的金屬再度硬化而形成塑性化區域(以下稱為「表面側塑性化區域W23」。In the third joining work, as shown in Fig. 24, the large rotary tool G is placed directly above the start position S M1 , and then the large rotary tool G is rotated to the right side and the front end of the stirring pin G2 is inserted into the lower hole ( The schema is omitted). After the entire stirring pin G2 enters the second protruding material 205 and the entire surface of the lower end surface G11 of the shoulder G1 contacts the surface of the second protruding material 205, the large rotating tool G is moved toward the joined metal member 201 while performing friction stirring. The base point n6 of the protrusion J21 is relatively moved and protrudes into the protrusion J21. When the large rotary tool G is moved, the metal around the stirring pin G2 is plastically fluidized in sequence, and at the position separated from the stirring pin G2, the plastic fluidized metal is hardened again to form a plasticized region (hereinafter referred to as It is "the surface side plasticized area W23".
本實施形態的突合部J21由於由平面線形L1、L2、L3所形成,在每個曲折點C2、C1使方向改變90度,同時使大型旋轉工具G移動而進行摩擦攪拌。然後,大型旋轉工具G通過基點n3而到達結束位置EM3 之後,在結束位置EM3 使大型旋轉工具G脫離。根據第三本接合工程,表面側塑性化區域W21及裡面側塑性化區域W22(參照第17圖)與第一側面塑性化區域W3重複之同時,跨越第一側面C的突合部J21的全長而進行摩擦攪拌。The protruding portion J21 of the present embodiment is formed by the plane linear shapes L1, L2, and L3, and the direction is changed by 90 degrees at each of the meandering points C2 and C1, and the large rotating tool G is moved to perform friction stir. Then, after the large-sized rotary tool G reaches the end position E M3 through the base point n3, the large-sized rotary tool G is disengaged at the end position E M3 . According to the third joining process, the surface side plasticized region W21 and the back side plasticized region W22 (see FIG. 17) are overlapped with the first side plasticized region W3, and the entire length of the protruding portion J21 of the first side surface C is crossed. Perform friction stir.
(9)第四預備工程(9) Fourth preparatory work
第四預備工程,如第25圖所示,對於被接合金屬構件201的第二側面D的突合部J21使用小型旋轉工具F進行 假接合。第四預備工程包括第一突出材接合工程、接合被接合金屬構件201的突合部J21的假接合工程、被接合金屬構件201與第二突出材205的突合部J25接合的第二突出材接合工程以及在第四本接合工程中的摩擦攪拌的開始位置形成下穴的下穴形成工程。The fourth preparatory work, as shown in Fig. 25, is performed on the protruding portion J21 of the second side face D of the joined metal member 201 using the small rotary tool F. False joint. The fourth preliminary work includes a first projecting material joining work, a false joint work of joining the joint portion J21 of the joined metal member 201, and a second projecting material joining work of the joined metal member 201 and the protruding portion J25 of the second protruding member 205. And a lower hole forming process for forming a lower hole at the start position of the friction stir in the fourth joining work.
而且,第四預備工程除了在第二側面D進行之外,由於與第三預備工程大略相同,省略其詳細說明。Further, the fourth preparatory work is substantially the same as the third preparatory work except that it is performed on the second side face D, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
(10)第四本接合工程(10) The fourth joint project
第四本接合工程,如第25圖所示,其為被接合金屬構件201的第二側面D側的突合部J21做真正接合的工程。在本實施形態的第四本接合工程中,使用大型旋轉工具G,而對假接合狀態的突合部J21從被接合金屬構件201的第二側面D側進行摩擦攪拌。The fourth joining process, as shown in Fig. 25, is a process in which the joint portion J21 on the second side face D side of the joined metal member 201 is actually joined. In the fourth joining process of the present embodiment, the large-sized rotary tool G is used, and the protruding portion J21 in the false engagement state is frictionally stirred from the second side face D side of the joined metal member 201.
第四本接合工程,如第25圖所示,將右旋轉的大型旋轉工具G的攪拌銷G2插入(壓入)開始位置SM4 ,插入的攪拌銷G2在中途不脫離而移動至結束位置EM4 。在第四本接合工程中,從設定於第二突出材205的開始位置SM4 的下穴(圖式省略)開始摩擦攪拌,沿著突合部J21直到設定於第一突出材204的結束位置EM4 為止連續地進行摩擦攪拌。根據第四本接合工程,第二側面側塑性化區域W24係形成於被接合金屬構件201的第二側面D上。第四本接合工程除了在第二側面D進行之外,其餘與第三本接合工程大略相同,省略其詳細說明。而且,在第四本接合工程結束之後,將一對突出材從被接合金屬構件201切除。In the fourth joining work, as shown in Fig. 25, the stirring pin G2 of the large rotating tool G that is rotated right is inserted (pressed in) at the start position S M4 , and the inserted stirring pin G2 is moved to the end position E without being detached in the middle. M4 . In the fourth joining process, the friction stir is started from the lower hole (the omitted pattern) set at the start position S M4 of the second protruding member 205, and is along the protruding portion J21 until the end position E set to the first protruding member 204. Friction stirring was continuously performed until M4 . According to the fourth bonding work, the second side surface plasticized region W24 is formed on the second side face D of the joined metal member 201. The fourth joining process is substantially the same as the third joining work except that it is performed on the second side face D, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Further, after the fourth joining work is completed, the pair of protruding members are cut off from the joined metal member 201.
根據以上說明的本實施形態的接合方法,如第24圖及第25圖所示,在第一側面C及第二側面D內的第一側面側塑性化區域W23及第二側面測塑性化區域W24係由平面線形L1、L2、L3形成。藉此,由於平面線形L1、L2及L3的延長距離的和大於被接合金屬構件201的厚度1h的長度,可確保摩擦攪拌區域變長。因此,作用於被接合金屬構件201的接合部的應力分散而可提高接合強度。又,根據第三本接合工程及第四本接合工程,表面側塑性化區域W21及裡面側塑性化區域W22與第一側面側塑性化區域W23及第二側面塑性化區域W24重複之同時,可跨越第一側面C、第二側面D的突合部J21的全長而進席摩擦攪拌。藉此,可提高被接合金屬構件201的氣密性及水密性。According to the bonding method of the present embodiment described above, as shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, the first side surface side plasticized region W23 and the second side surface plasticized region in the first side surface C and the second side surface D are formed. W24 is formed by plane linear shapes L1, L2, and L3. Thereby, since the sum of the extended distances of the planar linear shapes L1, L2, and L3 is larger than the length of the thickness 1h of the joined metal member 201, it is ensured that the friction stirrable region becomes long. Therefore, the stress acting on the joint portion of the joined metal member 201 is dispersed to improve the joint strength. Further, according to the third bonding process and the fourth bonding process, the front side plasticized region W21 and the back side plasticized region W22 are overlapped with the first side surface plasticized region W23 and the second side plasticized region W24. The entire length of the protruding portion J21 of the first side surface C and the second side surface D is rubbed and stirred. Thereby, the airtightness and watertightness of the joined metal member 201 can be improved.
又,本實施形態的接合方法由於使突合部J21成為直線的組合,突合面成形變得容易,同時可容易地進行摩擦攪拌的作業。又,在本實施形態中,在折曲點C1,平面線形L1與平面線形L2形成90度之同時,在折曲點C2,平面線形L2與平面線形L3形成90度。因此,在摩擦攪拌的接合時,沿著突合部J21的平面線形移動的大型旋轉工具G由於到達折曲點C1、C2即停止,在折曲點C1、C2會比其他部分進行更長時間的摩擦攪拌。藉此,在折曲點C1、C2,藉由進行長時間的摩擦攪拌,可不產生接合缺陷地實施加工,在接合部可提升氣密性及水密性。Further, in the joining method of the present embodiment, since the protruding portion J21 is a combination of straight lines, the forming of the protruding surface is facilitated, and the work of friction stir can be easily performed. Further, in the present embodiment, at the bending point C1, the plane line shape L1 forms 90 degrees with the plane line shape L2, and at the bending point C2, the plane line shape L2 forms a 90 degree with the plane line shape L3. Therefore, at the time of the friction stir joining, the large-sized rotary tool G linearly moving along the plane of the protruding portion J21 stops when it reaches the bending points C1 and C2, and the bending points C1 and C2 are longer than the other portions. Friction stir. Thereby, at the bending points C1 and C2, by performing the friction stir for a long period of time, the processing can be performed without causing joint defects, and the airtightness and watertightness can be improved at the joint portion.
又,在第四實施形態中,在第一本接合工程及第二本接合工程中,由於使本接合用旋轉工具G做右旋轉,可在 表面塑性化區域W21及裡面塑性化區域W22的第二金屬構件201b側形成空洞缺陷(圖式省略)。於此,在第三本接合工程中,使本接合用旋轉工具G作左旋轉而從裡面B向表面A移動,藉此第二金屬構件201b側進行較高密度的摩擦攪拌。又,在第四本接合工程中,使本接合用旋轉工具G作右旋轉而從裡面B向表面A移動,藉此第二金屬構件201b側進行較高密度的摩擦攪拌。藉此,在第一本接合工程及第二本接合工程可能形成的空洞缺陷可卻實地斷開。Further, in the fourth embodiment, in the first joining work and the second joining work, since the joining rotary tool G is rotated rightward, A void defect (not shown) is formed on the second metal member 201b side of the surface plasticized region W21 and the inner plasticized region W22. Here, in the third joining process, the joining rotary tool G is rotated to the left and moved from the inner side B to the surface A, whereby the second metal member 201b side is subjected to high-density friction stirring. Further, in the fourth joining process, the joining rotary tool G is rotated rightward and moved from the inner side B to the surface A, whereby the second metal member 201b side is subjected to high-density friction stirring. Thereby, the void defects which may be formed in the first bonding work and the second bonding work can be broken in the real place.
又,藉由使用突出材,可正確而迅速地進行第一本接合工程、第二本接合工程、第三本接合工程及第四本接合工程。又,藉由各突出材與被接合金屬構件201作假接合,可防止在進行第一本接合工程、第二本接合工程、第三本接合工程及第四本接合工程之際產生開孔。Further, by using the protruding material, the first joining work, the second joining work, the third joining work, and the fourth joining work can be performed accurately and quickly. Further, by the false engagement of the respective protruding members with the joined metal member 201, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of the opening when the first bonding work, the second joining work, the third joining work, and the fourth joining work are performed.
而且,在本實施形態中,側面本接合工程雖然在第一側面C及第二側面D兩邊進行,不一定要在兩面進行,至少在一邊進行即可。Further, in the present embodiment, the side joining process is performed on both the first side face C and the second side face D, and does not necessarily have to be performed on both sides, and may be performed at least on one side.
以上,雖然對於本發明以較佳實施形態作說明,但本發明不限於上述各實施形態,再不脫離本發明的旨趣的範圍內可變更適當的設計。As described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the appropriate design can be modified without departing from the scope of the present invention.
例如,第一側面C及第二側面D的突合部J21並不限於第四實施形態的平面線形,可適當地設定。即,在第四實施形態中,三根平面線形L1、L2、L3與二點C1、C2的組合所形成的突合部J21,突合部J21的平面線形的延長距離雖然形成比被接合金屬構件201的厚度1h還大,突合 部J21的形狀並不限於上述實施形態所表示,可作適當的設定。For example, the protruding portion J21 of the first side surface C and the second side surface D is not limited to the planar shape of the fourth embodiment, and can be appropriately set. In other words, in the fourth embodiment, the protruding portion J21 formed by the combination of the three planar linear shapes L1, L2, and L3 and the two points C1 and C2, the extended linear length of the protruding portion J21 is formed to be larger than that of the joined metal member 201. Thickness 1h is still large, sudden The shape of the portion J21 is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be appropriately set.
第26圖為本發明的實施形態的變形例的第一側面C的平面圖,(a)為第一變形例,(b)為第二變形例,(c)為第三變形例。Fig. 26 is a plan view showing a first side face C of a modification of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a first modification, (b) is a second modification, and (c) is a third modification.
例如,如第26(a)圖所示,突合部J22係相對於被接合金屬構件201’的厚度方向傾斜而配置,藉此不設置折曲點而可形成突合部J22,此突合部J22可確保被接合金屬構件201的厚度1h還大的平面線形L的延長距離。根據上述的突合部J22,由於進行摩擦攪拌的平面線形L的延長距離比被接合金屬構件201的厚度1h還長,可確保摩擦攪拌的距離變長,接合強度可變高。For example, as shown in Fig. 26(a), the protruding portion J22 is disposed to be inclined with respect to the thickness direction of the joined metal member 201', whereby the protruding portion J22 can be formed without providing the bending point, and the protruding portion J22 can be formed. The extension distance of the plane line shape L of the thickness 1h of the joined metal member 201 is also large. According to the above-described protruding portion J22, since the extended distance of the planar linear shape L for friction stir is longer than the thickness 1h of the joined metal member 201, the distance of the friction stir can be ensured to be long, and the joint strength can be made high.
又,如第26(b)或26(c)圖所示的突合部J23、J24,也可以用二根平面線形L1、L2與折曲點C1的組合。根據如此的構造,由於大型旋轉工具G一到達折曲點C1就停止,與上述實施型態所表示的相同,可卻實地進行摩擦攪拌。而且,在此情況下,折曲點C1的內角的角度並無限定,只要適當設定即可。Further, as the projections J23 and J24 shown in Fig. 26(b) or 26(c), a combination of two planar linear shapes L1 and L2 and a bending point C1 may be used. According to such a configuration, since the large-sized rotary tool G stops as soon as it reaches the bending point C1, the friction stir can be performed in the same manner as the above-described embodiment. Further, in this case, the angle of the inner angle of the bending point C1 is not limited, and may be appropriately set.
第27圖為本發明的實施型態的變形例的第一側面C的平面圖。(a)為第四變形例、(b)為第五變形例、(c)為第六變形例、(d)為第七變形例。Figure 27 is a plan view showing a first side face C of a modification of the embodiment of the present invention. (a) is a fourth modification, (b) is a fifth modification, (c) is a sixth modification, and (d) is a seventh modification.
在第四實施型態中,雖然在在平面線形L1、L2或平面線形L2、L3相交的角度為直角的二個位置設置折曲點C1、C2,但折曲點C1、C2的角度並無限定。例如,如第27(a)、 27(b)圖所示的突合部J25、J26所示,在二個折曲點C1’、C2’上的平面線形L1、L2或平面線形L2、L3相交的角度為120度也可以達到相同的效果。In the fourth embodiment, although the bending points C1 and C2 are provided at two positions where the plane linear shapes L1, L2 or the plane linear lines L2 and L3 intersect at right angles, the angles of the bending points C1 and C2 are not limited. For example, as in 27 (a), As shown in the projections J25 and J26 shown in Fig. 27(b), the angles of the plane lines L1 and L2 or the plane lines L2 and L3 at the two bending points C1' and C2' intersect at an angle of 120 degrees. Effect.
又,突合部的平面線形的折曲點的數量可在二個以上的位置形成,適當地設定即可。例如,如第27(c)圖所示的突合部J27及第27(d)圖所示的突合部J28,折曲點的數量為四個或六個亦可。如此,折曲點的數量增加,使大型旋轉工具G的移動速度變慢,或者是使大型旋轉工具G的移動做複數次停止,更確實地進行被接合金屬構件201’的接合,可進行接合強度、氣密性及水密性優良的接合。Further, the number of the flat line-shaped bent points of the protruding portion may be formed at two or more positions, and may be appropriately set. For example, as the projection portion J27 shown in Fig. 27(c) and the projection portion J28 shown in Fig. 27(d), the number of the bending points may be four or six. In this way, the number of the bending points is increased, the moving speed of the large rotating tool G is slowed, or the movement of the large rotating tool G is stopped a plurality of times, and the joining of the joined metal members 201' is performed more reliably, and the joining can be performed. Bonding with excellent strength, air tightness and water tightness.
第28圖為本發明的實施型態的變形例的第一側面C的平面圖,為第八變形例。Fig. 28 is a plan view showing a first side face C of a modification of the embodiment of the present invention, and is an eighth modification.
在第四實施型態中,雖然藉由三根平面線形L1、L2、L3的組合而形成突合部J21,如第28圖所示的突合部J8,突合部J8的平面線形形成曲線。藉由突合部J8形成此形狀,可使平面線形的延長距離比被接合金屬構件201的厚度1h還長。而且,在突合部的平面線形形成曲線狀時,形成的曲線線形並不限定於第28圖所示的突合部J28的曲線線形。In the fourth embodiment, the protruding portion J21 is formed by a combination of three planar linear shapes L1, L2, and L3. As shown in the protruding portion J8 shown in Fig. 28, the planar shape of the protruding portion J8 is curved. By forming this shape by the protruding portion J8, the extended length of the planar line shape can be made longer than the thickness 1h of the joined metal member 201. Further, when the planar shape of the protruding portion is curved, the curved line shape formed is not limited to the curved linear shape of the protruding portion J28 shown in Fig. 28.
而且,在本實施型態的摩擦攪拌中,第一突出材及第二突出材可根據需要而配置,也可省略。又,摩擦攪拌時的金屬構件的固定方法等並無限定,可選定適當的公知的手段。又,在本實施型態中,側面接合工程雖然是連續地進行摩擦攪拌,但若由側面本接合工程所形成的塑性化區 域的延長距離比被接合金屬夠記得厚度尺寸還大,則可斷斷續續地進行。Further, in the friction stir of the present embodiment, the first projecting material and the second projecting member may be disposed as needed or may be omitted. Moreover, the method of fixing the metal member during friction stir is not limited, and an appropriate known means can be selected. Further, in the present embodiment, although the side joining process is continuously performed by friction stir, the plasticized zone formed by the side joining process is formed. The extended distance of the domain is larger than the thickness of the metal to be joined, and the intermittent length can be performed intermittently.
1‧‧‧被接合金屬構件1‧‧‧Connected metal components
1a‧‧‧第一金屬構件1a‧‧‧First metal component
1b‧‧‧第二金屬構件1b‧‧‧Second metal component
2‧‧‧第一突出材2‧‧‧First protruding material
3‧‧‧第二突出材3‧‧‧Second protruding material
201‧‧‧被接合金屬構件201‧‧‧Connected metal components
201a‧‧‧第一金屬構件201a‧‧‧First metal component
201b‧‧‧第二金屬構件201b‧‧‧Second metal component
202‧‧‧第一突出材202‧‧‧First protruding material
203‧‧‧第二突出材203‧‧‧Second protruding material
A‧‧‧表面A‧‧‧ surface
B‧‧‧裡面B‧‧‧ inside
C‧‧‧第一側面C‧‧‧ first side
D‧‧‧第二側面D‧‧‧ second side
F‧‧‧假接合用旋轉工具F‧‧‧Fake joint rotation tool
G‧‧‧本接合用旋轉工具G‧‧‧This joint rotation tool
J‧‧‧突合部J‧‧‧Blind
L‧‧‧平面線形L‧‧‧ planar line shape
P1‧‧‧下穴P1‧‧‧ lower hole
W‧‧‧塑性化區域W‧‧‧Plasticized area
SM ‧‧‧本接合工程的開始位置S M ‧‧‧The starting position of the joint project
EM ‧‧‧本接合工程的結束位置E M ‧‧‧End of the joint project
V1 ~V4 ‧‧‧旋轉工具的行進方向V 1 ~V 4 ‧‧‧Rolling direction of the rotary tool
第1圖表示第一實施型態的接合方法,(a)為立體圖,(b)為(a)中N部分的放大立體圖。Fig. 1 is a view showing a joining method of the first embodiment, wherein (a) is a perspective view, and (b) is an enlarged perspective view of the N portion in (a).
第2圖表示第一實施型態的第一準備工程的圖,(a)為立體圖,(b)為平面圖。Fig. 2 is a view showing a first preparatory work of the first embodiment, (a) being a perspective view, and (b) being a plan view.
第3圖表示第一實施型態的第一準備工程的圖,(a)為第2圖的(b)的I-I線剖視圖,(b)為第2圖的(b)的II-II線剖視圖。Fig. 3 is a view showing a first preparatory work of the first embodiment, (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line II of Fig. 2(b), and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of (b) of Fig. 2; .
第4圖表示第一實施型態的旋轉工具的圖,(a)為假接合用旋轉工具的側視圖。(b)為本接合用旋轉工具的側視圖。Fig. 4 is a view showing the rotary tool of the first embodiment, and Fig. 4(a) is a side view of the rotary joining tool. (b) A side view of the joining rotary tool.
第5圖表示第一實施型態的假接合用旋轉工具的使用狀態的圖,(a)為假接合用旋轉工具抵接於第二突出材的圖,(b)為假接合用旋轉工具壓入第二突出材的圖。Fig. 5 is a view showing a use state of the dummy joining rotary tool of the first embodiment, wherein (a) is a view in which the dummy joining rotary tool abuts against the second protruding member, and (b) is a dummy joining rotary tool pressing. A picture of the second protrusion.
第6圖為表示第一實施型態的第一預備工程的第二突出材接合工程、假接合工程以及第一突出材接合工程的平面圖。Fig. 6 is a plan view showing the second projecting material joining work, the false joint work, and the first projecting material joining work of the first preparatory work of the first embodiment.
第7圖為第一實施型態的第一本接合工程從第6圖的III-III方向觀看的剖視圖,(a)表示開始位置的摩擦攪拌,(b)表示中間位置的摩擦攪拌,(c)表示結束位置的摩擦攪拌。Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the first embodiment taken along the line III-III of Figure 6, (a) showing the friction stir at the starting position, and (b) showing the friction stir at the intermediate position, (c) ) indicates friction stir at the end position.
第8(a)圖為第一實施型態的第二準備工程的再設置工程之後,從突合部J1朝向第一金屬構件1a側的剖視圖。第8(b)圖為第一實施型態的第二準備工程的第一突出材接合工程、假接合工程以及第二突出材接合工程的平面圖。Fig. 8(a) is a cross-sectional view from the protruding portion J1 toward the first metal member 1a side after the re-installation of the second preparatory work of the first embodiment. Fig. 8(b) is a plan view showing the first projecting material joining work, the false joint work, and the second projecting material joining work of the second preparatory work of the first embodiment.
第9圖表示第一實施型態的第二本接合工程的第8(b)圖的IV-IV線剖視圖,(a)表示開始位置的摩擦攪拌,(b)表示中間位置的摩擦攪拌。Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV of Fig. 8(b) of the second bonding work of the first embodiment, wherein (a) shows the friction stir at the starting position, and (b) shows the friction stir at the intermediate position.
第10圖為第一實施型態的突出材切除工程後的被接合金屬構件的立體圖。Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the joined metal member after the protrusion cutting work of the first embodiment.
第11圖為第一實施型態的第三準備工程的立體圖。Figure 11 is a perspective view of a third preparatory work of the first embodiment.
第12圖為第一實施型態的第三本接合工程的立體圖。Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing a third joining work of the first embodiment.
第13圖為第一實施型態的第三本接合工程後的第12圖的V-V線剖視圖。Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V of Figure 12 after the third bonding work of the first embodiment.
第14(a)圖為第一實施型態的第四準備工程的再設置工程後,從突合部J1面向第二金屬構件1b側的剖視圖,第14(b)圖為第一實施型態的第四本接合工程的圖,從突合部J1面向第二金屬構件1b側的剖視圖。Fig. 14(a) is a cross-sectional view of the second metal member 1b side from the protruding portion J1 after the re-installation of the fourth preparatory work of the first embodiment, and Fig. 14(b) is the first embodiment. The drawing of the fourth joining process is a cross-sectional view from the protruding portion J1 to the side of the second metal member 1b.
第15圖為第二實施型態的接合方法的圖,(a)立體圖,(b)為H部分的放大立體圖。Fig. 15 is a view showing a joining method of the second embodiment, (a) a perspective view, and (b) is an enlarged perspective view of the H portion.
第16圖為第三實施型態的接合方法的圖,(a)立體圖,(b)為1部分的放大立體圖。Fig. 16 is a view showing a joining method of a third embodiment, (a) a perspective view, and (b) is an enlarged perspective view of one portion.
第17圖為第四實施型態的被接合金屬構件的立體圖。Fig. 17 is a perspective view of the joined metal member of the fourth embodiment.
第18圖為第四實施型態的被接合金屬構件的圖,(a)為立體分解圖,(b)側視圖。Fig. 18 is a view showing the joined metal member of the fourth embodiment, (a) is an exploded perspective view, and (b) is a side view.
第19圖為第四實施型態的突出材配置工程的立體圖。Fig. 19 is a perspective view showing the projecting configuration of the projecting material of the fourth embodiment.
第20圖為第四實施型態的假接合工程的平面圖。Figure 20 is a plan view showing a pseudo joint project of the fourth embodiment.
第21圖為第四實施型態的第一本接合工程的平面圖。Fig. 21 is a plan view showing the first joining work of the fourth embodiment.
第22圖為第四實施型態的第二假接合工程及第二本接合工程的平面圖。Fig. 22 is a plan view showing the second dummy joining work and the second joining work of the fourth embodiment.
第23圖為第四實施型態的第三預備工程的平面圖。Figure 23 is a plan view showing a third preparatory work of the fourth embodiment.
第24圖為第四實施型態的第三本接合工程的平面圖。Figure 24 is a plan view showing a third bonding work of the fourth embodiment.
第25圖為第四實施型態的第四預備工程及第四本接合工程的平面圖。Fig. 25 is a plan view showing the fourth preparatory work and the fourth joining work of the fourth embodiment.
第26圖為本發明的實施型態的變形例的被接合金屬構件的第一側面C的平面圖,(a)為第一變形例,(b)為第二變形例,(c)為第三變形例。Fig. 26 is a plan view showing a first side face C of the joined metal member according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a first modification, (b) is a second modification, and (c) is a third. Modification.
第27圖為為本發明的實施型態的變形例的被接合金屬構件的第一側面C的平面圖,(a)為第四變形例,(b)為第五變形例,(c)為第六變形例,(d)為第七變形例。Figure 27 is a plan view showing a first side face C of a member to be joined according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a fourth modification, (b) is a fifth modification, and (c) is In the sixth modification, (d) is the seventh modification.
第28圖為為本發明的實施型態的變形例的被接合金屬構件的第一側面C的平面圖,其表示第八變形例。Fig. 28 is a plan view showing a first side face C of the joined metal member according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention, showing an eighth modification.
第29圖為習知的接合方法的立體圖。Figure 29 is a perspective view of a conventional joining method.
第30圖為習知的接合方法的立體圖。Figure 30 is a perspective view of a conventional joining method.
1‧‧‧被接合金屬構件1‧‧‧Connected metal components
1a‧‧‧第一金屬構件1a‧‧‧First metal component
1b‧‧‧第二金屬構件1b‧‧‧Second metal component
12a‧‧‧第一金屬構件1a的表面12a‧‧‧ Surface of the first metal component 1a
12b‧‧‧第二金屬構件1b的表面12b‧‧‧ Surface of the second metal component 1b
13a‧‧‧第一金屬構件1a的裡面13a‧‧‧The inside of the first metal component 1a
13b‧‧‧第二金屬構件1b的裡面13b‧‧‧The inside of the second metal component 1b
14a‧‧‧第一金屬構件1a的第一側面14a‧‧‧ first side of the first metal component 1a
14b‧‧‧第二金屬構件1b的第一側面14b‧‧‧ first side of the second metal component 1b
15a‧‧‧第一金屬構件1a的第二側面15a‧‧‧Second side of the first metal component 1a
15b‧‧‧第二金屬構件1b的第二側面15b‧‧‧Second side of the second metal component 1b
A‧‧‧表面A‧‧‧ surface
B‧‧‧裡面B‧‧‧ inside
C‧‧‧第一側面C‧‧‧ first side
D‧‧‧第二側面D‧‧‧ second side
G‧‧‧本接合用旋轉工具G‧‧‧This joint rotation tool
J1‧‧‧突合部J1‧‧‧ 突部
R1 、R2 ‧‧‧空洞缺陷R 1 , R 2 ‧‧‧ void defects
S1 、S2 、S3 、S4 ‧‧‧填充部S 1 , S 2 , S 3 , S 4 ‧‧‧ filling
V1 、V2 、V3 、V4 ‧‧‧旋轉工具的行進方向V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 ‧‧‧Rolling direction of the rotary tool
W1‧‧‧表面側塑性化區域W1‧‧‧Surface side plasticized area
W2‧‧‧裡面側塑性化區域W2‧‧‧ plasticized area inside
W3‧‧‧第一側面塑性化區域W3‧‧‧ first side plasticized area
W4‧‧‧第二側面側塑性化區域W4‧‧‧Second side plasticized area
Claims (5)
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JP2007157471A JP5092561B2 (en) | 2007-06-14 | 2007-06-14 | Joining method |
JP2007313075A JP2009136883A (en) | 2007-12-04 | 2007-12-04 | Joining method |
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US9095927B2 (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2015-08-04 | Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd. | Friction stir welding method |
JP6047951B2 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-12-21 | スズキ株式会社 | Friction stir welding method of metal material and metal material joined body |
CN109803785A (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2019-05-24 | 日本轻金属株式会社 | Joint method |
JP6885263B2 (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2021-06-09 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | How to manufacture a liquid-cooled jacket |
CN111266724A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-06-12 | 杭州三花研究院有限公司 | Method for manufacturing electric heater |
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- 2008-06-09 CN CN201310165879.0A patent/CN103273189B/en active Active
- 2008-06-09 KR KR1020107000638A patent/KR101149238B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-06-09 CN CN201310680824.3A patent/CN103722288B/en active Active
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- 2008-06-09 WO PCT/JP2008/060523 patent/WO2008152997A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-06-12 TW TW101141095A patent/TWI504458B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2008-06-12 TW TW097121866A patent/TWI389753B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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JP2000042762A (en) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-02-15 | Showa Alum Corp | Friction stirring joining method |
JP2003285169A (en) * | 2002-03-26 | 2003-10-07 | Yamashita Rubber Co Ltd | Method for connecting via frictional agitating |
JP2006075898A (en) * | 2004-09-09 | 2006-03-23 | Tsutomu Amao | Aluminum and aluminum alloy spiral tube, and its manufacturing method, friction stir welding method, and structure of friction stir-welded aluminum and aluminum alloy |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR101149238B1 (en) | 2012-05-25 |
CN103273189A (en) | 2013-09-04 |
CN103273189B (en) | 2015-09-02 |
TW201306980A (en) | 2013-02-16 |
TWI389753B (en) | 2013-03-21 |
TWI477339B (en) | 2015-03-21 |
CN101678500B (en) | 2014-08-20 |
CN103722288B (en) | 2016-03-16 |
KR20100029832A (en) | 2010-03-17 |
TW200902203A (en) | 2009-01-16 |
WO2008152997A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
CN103722288A (en) | 2014-04-16 |
TW201306979A (en) | 2013-02-16 |
CN101678500A (en) | 2010-03-24 |
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