TWI489940B - 殺菌組成物 - Google Patents

殺菌組成物 Download PDF

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TWI489940B
TWI489940B TW099118322A TW99118322A TWI489940B TW I489940 B TWI489940 B TW I489940B TW 099118322 A TW099118322 A TW 099118322A TW 99118322 A TW99118322 A TW 99118322A TW I489940 B TWI489940 B TW I489940B
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polyoxyethylene
weight
bactericidal composition
ether
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TW201100009A (en
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Naoki Tsuda
Michael E Seitz
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Sumitomo Chemical Co
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/10Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/10Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
    • A01N57/14Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing aromatic radicals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
    • A01N25/04Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/30Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N2300/00Combinations or mixtures of active ingredients covered by classes A01N27/00 - A01N65/48 with other active or formulation relevant ingredients, e.g. specific carrier materials or surfactants, covered by classes A01N25/00 - A01N65/48

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Description

殺菌組成物
本發明係關於包含脫克松(tolclofos-methyl)作為活性成分的殺菌組成物。
脫克松為一種殺菌化合物,發表在英國穀物保護委員會(British Crop Protection Council)所出版的殺菌指南(Pesticide Manual)第13版,第979至980頁。
含脫克松的水懸浮製劑在市面上有提供並應用在穀物。對於使用脫克松於種子處理的應用上,由於在儲存時固體顆粒會凝集,因此前述製劑的穩定性並不令人滿意。
本發明提供一種殺菌組成物,其包含脫克松作為活性成分的殺菌組成物,特別是一種包含脫克松、聚氧乙烯多芳基酚醚磷酸酯鹽、聚氧乙烯(polyoxyethylene)聚氧丙烯(polyoxypropylene)嵌段共聚物、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚以及水。
根據本發明之殺菌組成物可提供穩定的懸浮液。
在本發明中,脫克松是一種殺菌成分,其化學名稱為硫代磷酸O-2,6-二氯-對-甲苯酯O,O-二甲酯(O-2,6-dichloro-p-tolyl O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate),化學式:
其可在市面上獲得,例如是由住友(Sumitomo)化學股份有限公司所提供。
本發明殺菌組成物中脫克松的含量,通常為30至70重量%,以40至55重量%為佳。
聚氧乙烯多芳基酚醚磷酸酯鹽是一種陰離子界面活性劑,為聚氧乙烯多芳基酚醚的磷酸酯鹽。典型的例子,包括聚氧乙烯三苯乙烯基酚醚磷酸酯鹽(polyoxyethylene tristyrylphenol phosphate)。典型的鹽類為鈣鹽、鈉鹽、鉀鹽、銨鹽以及三乙醇胺(triethanolamine)鹽。其中,較好使用聚氧乙烯三苯乙烯基酚醚磷酸鉀(potassium polyoxyethylene tristyryl phenol phosphate)以及聚氧乙烯多芳基酚醚磷酸三乙醇胺鹽。此陰離子界面活性劑在商業上可由Stepan company(Northfield,Illinois),商標名稱“Stepfac TSP”,以及Rhodia Incorporated(Cranbury,New Jersey),商標名稱“Soprophor”獲得。
本發明殺菌組成物中聚氧乙烯多芳基酚醚磷酸酯鹽的含量,通常為0.3至5重量%,以1至5重量%為佳,以1至3重量%為更佳。除非有特別指明,所有的重量%均係以100%活性基準(active basis)計算。
聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物亦稱為氧化乙烯(EO,ethylene oxide)和氧化丙烯(PO,propylene oxide)的嵌段共聚物,並以作為非離子界面活性劑為人所知。聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物的例子為(PO)x -(EO)y 、(EO)x -(PO)y 、(PO)x -(EO)y -(PO)z 以及(EO)x -(PO)y -(EO)z 。其中,以使用(PO)x -(EO)y -(PO)z ,亦即
以及(EO)x -(PO)y -(EO)z ,亦即
較佳。氧化乙烯和氧化丙烯的嵌段共聚物的平均分子量通常在1000至20000的範圍內。嵌段共聚物在商業上可由BASF Corporation(Florham Park,New Jersey),商標名稱“Pluronic”,以及Stepan Company,商標名稱“Step-Flow”獲得。
本發明殺菌組成物中聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物的含量,通常為0.5至5重量%,以1至3重量%為佳,以1至2重量%為更佳。
聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚是一種非離子界面活性劑,為聚氧烷基化的脂肪醇。其亦知曉為聚氧化烯烷基醚(polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether),其代表性化學式如下:R-O-(EO)n H,其中R為可包括一或多個碳-碳雙鍵的高級(例如C10至C22)烷基,換言之,R可為烯基,(EO)n 為聚氧乙烯,且n為2至30。其可藉由將氧化乙烯加成至脂肪醇而獲得,聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚的典型例子,包含聚氧乙烯月桂醚(polyoxyethylene lauryl ether)、聚氧乙烯辛基醚(polyoxyethylene octyl ether)、聚氧乙烯肉豆蔻醚(polyoxyethylene myristyl ether)、聚氧乙烯硬脂醚(polyoxyethylene stearyl ether)以及聚氧乙烯油醚(polyoxyethylene oleyl ether)。可藉由將氧化乙烯加成至脂肪醇,亦即C10至C22脂族醇而獲得。
本發明殺菌組成物中聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚的含量,通常為0.1至3重量%,以0.3至1.5重量%為佳。
殺菌組成物可選擇性包含聚乙烯醇。當使用聚乙烯醇時,本發明殺菌組成物中聚乙烯醇的含量,通常為0.5至3重量%,以1至2重量%為佳。使用於本發明的PVA的典型例子為Celvol 203,為Celanese Corporation(Dallas,Texas)的商品。材料亦以24%的水溶液供市售,稱作Celvol 24-203。
更進一步,為了製成製劑,殺菌組成物可選擇性包含助劑,例如增稠劑、抗凍劑、消泡劑、防腐劑、著色劑等。
增稠劑的例子,包括三仙膠(xanthan gum)、刺槐豆膠(locust bean gum)、矽酸鎂鋁(aluminum magnesium silicate)、羧甲基纖維素以及漿土(bentonite)。當殺菌組成物包含增稠劑時,本發明殺菌組成物中增稠劑的含量,通常為0.07至1重量%。本發明殺菌組成物以含有0.07至0.24重量%的三仙膠以及0.12至0.4重量%的矽酸鎂鋁為佳。
抗凍劑的例子,包括乙二醇、丙二醇以及甘油。當殺菌組成物包含抗凍劑時,本發明殺菌組成物中抗凍劑的含量,通常為2至10重量%。本發明殺菌組成物以含有3至8重量%的丙二醇為佳。
消泡劑的典型例子,包括聚矽氧乳液(silicone emulsions)以及炔屬二醇(acetylenic diols)。當殺菌組成物包含消泡劑時,以製造商所提供之商業消泡劑產品計,本發明殺菌組成物中消泡劑的含量,通常為0.01至0.5重量%。
防腐劑的例子,包括異噻唑酮(isothiazolone)防腐劑以及苯并咪唑防腐劑。當殺菌組成物包含防腐劑時,以製造商所提供之商業防腐劑產品計,本發明殺菌組成物中防腐劑的含量,通常為0.01至0.5重量%。
著色劑-例如蒽醌(anthraquinone)染料、重氮(diazo)染料以及色素,在種子處理時,經常添加至製劑或最終施用的混合物中。當殺菌組成物包含著色劑時,本發明殺菌組成物中著色劑的含量,通常為0.01至0.5重量%。
本發明殺菌組成物中水的含量,通常為25至65重量%,以35至65重量%為佳,以40至60重量%為更佳。
本發明殺菌組成物利用在種子處理,種子處理係以殺菌組成物處理種子、塊莖(tubers)、種子塊莖、球莖(bulbs)、植物扦插(plant cutting)等。下文,“種子”一詞包括種子、塊莖、種子塊莖、球莖、扦插或是類似種子者。種子的例子,包括玉米、小麥、大麥(barley)、黑麥(rye)、稻、蜀黍(sorghum)以及草皮(turf);以及雙子葉植物(dicotyledon)例如棉花、甜菜(sugar beet)、花生、馬鈴薯、向日葵、黃豆、苜蓿(alfalfa)、芥花(canola)以及其他植物。更進一步,脫克松可應用至基因轉殖植物(transgenic plants)包括燕麥(oat);甘蔗;菸草(tobacco);茄科(Solanaceae)植物例如茄子、蕃茄、青椒以及胡椒(pepper);蔬菜例如黃瓜(cucumber)、南瓜、筍瓜(Zucchini)、西瓜、香瓜(melon)以及西葫蘆(squash);十字花科(Brassicaceae)蔬菜例如小蘿蔔(radish)、蕪菁(turnip)、山葵(horseradish)、球莖甘藍(kohlrabi)、大白菜(Chinese cabbage)、高麗菜(cabbage)、大芥菜(leaf mustard)、青花菜(broccoli)以及花椰菜(cauliflower);菊科(Compositae)蔬菜例如牛蒡(burdock)、春菊(crown daisy)、朝鮮薊(artichoke)以及茼蒿(lettuce);百合科(Liliaceae)蔬菜例如韮菜(leek)、洋蔥、大蒜以及蘆筍;香芹科(Umbelliferae)蔬菜例如胡蘿蔔(carrot)、香芹(parsley)、芹菜(celery)以及蒲芹蘿蔔(parsnip);藜科(Chenopodiaceae)蔬菜例如菠菜(spinach)以及菾菜(chard);薄荷科(Lamiacea)蔬菜例如紫蘇(perilla)、薄荷(mint)以及羅勒(basil);草莓、甘藷;山芋(yam);芋(taro);花例如矮牽牛屬(petunia)、牽牛花(morning glory)、康乃馨(carnation)、菊花(chrysanthemum)以及玫瑰;觀葉植物(foliage plants);草皮;果樹(fruit trees)例如仁果水果(pome fruits)(如,蘋果、梨、白梨(Japanese pear)、木瓜(Chinese quince)以及溫荸(quince))、核果水果(stone fruits)(如,桃(peach)、李(plum)、油桃(nectarine)、梅(Japanese apricot)、櫻桃、杏(apricot)以及洋李(prune))、柑橘屬(citrus)(如,薩摩橙(Satsuma orange)、甜橙(orange)、檸檬、萊姆(lime)以及葡萄柚)、樹堅果(tree nuts)(如,栗子(chestnut)、胡桃(walnut)、榛果(hazel)、杏仁(almond)、開心果(pistachio)、腰果(cashew)以及澳洲胡桃(macadamia))、漿果(berries)例如藍莓、蔓越莓(cranberry)、黑莓(blackberry)以及覆盆子(raspberry);葡萄;柿(persimmon);橄欖;枇杷(loquat);香蕉;咖啡;棕櫚;可可;以及其他的喬木(tree)例如茶、桑椹(mulberry)、花樹(flower tree)以及路樹(如,梣樹(ash)、樺樹(birch)、山茱萸(dogwood)、桉樹(eucalyptus)、銀杏(gihkgo)、紫丁香(lilac)、楓樹(maple)、橡樹(oak)、白楊樹(poplar)、紫荊(Chinese redbud)、楓香樹(Formosa sweet gum)、西克莫無花果(sycamore)、日本櫸樹(Japanese zerkova)、羅漢柏(Japanese thuja)、樅木(fir)、鐵杉(hemlock fir)、杜松(needle juniper)、松木(pine)、雲杉(spruce)、紫杉(yew))。
將本發明的液態殺菌組成物噴灑至種子即可進行施用。固態的本發明殺菌組成物可塗覆於種子。此外,可將種子於本發明殺菌組成物的水稀釋液中浸濕。脫克松在稀釋液中的濃度,通常為0.03至3重量%的活性成分(ai)。施用的劑量通常為每1 kg的種子使用2.0g至50g(ai)。
更進一步,本發明殺菌組成物可使用於土壤施用或葉的施用。
雖然量會隨著目標雜草的種類、天氣情況等而改變,惟通常施用的劑量為每公頃使用0.03g至14g的脫克松。殺菌組成物的稀釋液亦可經由直昇機、飛機或遙控直昇機使用於空中施用。殺菌組成物可使用含有散佈劑(spreading agent)的水稀釋。散佈劑的例子,包括Agridex(海勒娜化學公司(Helena Chemical Corporation)的商品名)、Dynamic(海勒娜化學公司的商品名)、Induce(海勒娜化學公司的商品名)以及Silwet L-77(Nihon Unicar製造)。
本發明可防治的植物疾病的例子,包括由植學性病原真菌(phytopathogenic fungi)(特別是囊菌綱(Ascomycetes)、半知菌(Deuteromycetes)、卵菌綱(Oomycetes)以及擔子菌綱(Basidiomycetes))所引起的疾病,例如水稻方面的稻熱病菌(Magnaporthe grisea )、水稻胡麻葉枯病菌(Cochliobolus miyabeanus )、立枯絲核菌(Rhizoctonia solani )以及水稻徒長病菌(Gibberella fujikuroi );小麥和大麥方面的麥類白粉病菌(Erysiphe graminis )、禾穀鐮刀菌(Fusarium graminearum )、蠶豆立炫菌(F. avenaceum )、黃色鐮刀菌(F. culmorum )、雪黴葉枯菌(Microdochium nivale )、小麥條銹病菌(Puccinia striiformis )、小麥稈銹病菌(P. graminis )、麥類葉銹病菌(P. recondita )、大麥小銹病菌(P. hordei )、麥類核病菌(Typhula sp. )、子囊菌亞門真菌(Micronectriella nivalis )、小麥黑穗病菌(Ustilago tritici )、裸黑穗病菌(U. nuda )、小麥網腥黑粉菌(Tilletia caries )、眼點病菌(Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides )、大麥雲紋病菌(Rhynchosporium secalis )、小麥葉斑病菌(Septoria tritici )、小麥穎枯病菌(Leptosphaeria nodorum )以及大麥網斑病菌(Pyrenophora teres );柑橘類方面的柑橘類黑點病菌(Diaporthe citri )、柑桔瘡痂病菌(Elsinoe fawcetti )、柑橘類綠黴病菌(Penicillium digitatum )、柑橘類青黴病菌(P. italicum )、疫病菌(Phytophthora parasitica )以及柑橘褐色腐敗病菌(Phytophthora citrophthora );蘋果方面的花腐病菌(Monilinia mali )、蘋果腐爛病菌(Valsa ceratosperma )、蘋果白澀病菌(Podosphaera leucotricha )、落葵葉斑病菌蘋果病變型(Alternaria alternata apple pathotype)、蘋果黑星病(Venturia inaequalis );梨方面的納雪黑星菌(Venturia nashicola )、梨黑星病菌(V. pirina )、落葵葉斑病菌白梨病變型(Alternaria alternate Japanese pear pathotype)、梨赤星病菌(Gymnosporangium haraeanum )以及蘋果疫病菌(Phytophthora cactorum );桃方面的桃褐腐病菌(Monilinia fructicola )、桃黑星病菌(Cladosporium carpophilum )以及黑潰瘍病(Phomopsis sp. );葡萄方面的葡萄黑豆病菌(Elsinoe ampelina )、葡萄晚腐病菌(Glomerella cingulata )、葡萄白粉病菌(Uncinula necator )、葡萄銹病(Phakopsora ampelopsidis )、葡萄黑腐病菌(Guignardia bidwellii )以及葡萄露菌病菌(Plasmopara viticola );柿方面的柿炭疽病菌(Gloeosporium kaki )、柿角斑落葉病菌(Cercospora kaki )以及柿樹園星落葉病菌(Mycosphaerella nawae );葫蘆科(Cucurbitales)蔬菜方面的瓜類炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum lagenarium )、瓜類白粉病菌(Sphaerotheca fuliginea )、瓜類蔓枯病菌(Mycosphaerella melonis )、尖鐮胞菌(Fusarium oxysporum )、瓜類露菌病菌(Pseudoperonospora cubensis )以及香石竹疫病菌(Phytophthora sp. );蕃茄方面的番茄輪紋病(Alternaria solani )、番茄葉黴病菌(Cladosporium fulvum )以及番茄疫病菌(Phytophthora infestans );茄子方面的茄褐紋病菌(Phomopsis vexans )以及茄子白粉病菌(Erysiphe cichoracearum );十字花科蔬菜方面的蘿菔黑斑病菌(Alternaria japonica )、白菜類白斑病菌(Cercosporella brassicae )、十字花科植物根瘤病菌(Plasmodiophora brassicae )以及油菜露菌病菌(Peronospora Parasitica );韮菜方面的韭菜銹病(Puccinia allii )以及洋葱露菌病菌(Peropospora destructor );黃豆方面的大豆紫斑病菌(Cercospora Kikuchii )、大豆黑痘病菌(Elsinoe glycines )、大豆黑點病菌(Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae )、大豆銹菌(Phakopsora Pachyrhizi )以及大豆疫菌(Phytophthora sojae );菜豆方面的菜豆炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum lindemuthianum );花生方面的落花生黑澁病菌(Cercospora personata )、落花生褐斑病(Cercospora arachidicola )以及白絹病菌(Sclerotium rolfsii );豌豆方面的豌豆白粉病菌(Erysiphe pisi );馬鈴薯方面的馬鈴薯夏疫病菌(Alternaria solani )、馬鈴薯疫病菌(Phytophthora infestans )、洋芋紅腐病菌(Phytophthora erythroseptica )以及馬鈴薯粉痂菌(Spongospora subterranean f. sp. subterranean );草莓方面的草莓白粉病菌(Sphaerotheca humuli )以及晚腐病菌(Glomerella cingulata );茶葉方面的茶網餅病菌(Exobasidium reticulatum )、茶瘡痂病菌(Elsinoe leucospila )、葉枯病菌(Pestalotiopsis sp. )以及茶炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum theae-sinensis );菸草方面的煙草赤星病菌(Alternaria longipes )、菸草白粉病菌(Erysiphe cichoracearum )、菸草炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum tabacum )、菸草露菌病菌(Peronospora tabacina )以及煙草疫病菌(Phytophthora nicotianae );甜菜方面的褐斑病菌(Cercospora beticola )、紋枯病(Thanatephorus cucumeris )以及腐霉屬苗腐菌(Aphanidermatum cochlioides );玫瑰黑斑病菌(Diplocarpon rosae )、薔薇類白粉病菌(Sphaerotheca pannosa )以及薔薇露菌病菌(Peronospora sparsa );菊花和菊科蔬菜方面的萵苣露菌病菌(Bremia lactucae )、菊花褐斑病原菌(Septoria chrysanthemi-indici )以及菊花白色銹病病原菌(Puccinia horiana );小蘿蔔方面的黑斑病菌(Alternaria brassicicola );草皮方面的幣斑病(Sclerotinia homeocarpa )以及立枯絲核菌(Rhizoctonia solani );香蕉方面的斐濟球腔菌(Mycosphaerella fijiensis )以及生球腔菌(Mycosphaerella musicola);向日葵方面的向日葵露菌病菌(Plasmopara halstedii );以及許多穀物方面的腐霉菌屬(Pythium spp. )(如,腐黴菌(Pythium aphanidermatum )、德巴利腐霉菌(Pythium debarianum )、禾生腐霉菌(Pythium graminicola )、畸雌腐霉菌(Pythium irregulare )、終極腐黴菌(Pythium ultimum ))、灰黴病菌(Botrytis cinerea )、菌核病菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum )、麴菌屬(Aspergillus spp. )、青黴菌屬(Penicillium spp. )、鐮菌屬(Fusarium spp. )、小麥紅麴病菌屬(Gibberella spp. )、木黴菌屬(Tricoderma spp. )、黑腐病屬(Thielaviopsis spp. )、根黴菌屬(Rhizopus spp. )、白黴屬(Mucor spp. )、膏藥蕈屬(Corticium spp. )、桑胴炫菌屬(Phoma spp. )、絲核菌屬(Rhizoctonia spp. )、色二孢屬(Diplodia spp. )、多黏桿菌屬(Polymixa spp. )以及油壼菌屬(Olpidium spp. )所引起的疾病。
實施例
以下,藉由實施例更加詳細說明本發明。
實施例1-4以及參考例的製劑
混合表1所描述的各成分以獲得各製劑。
Celvol 24-203為Celanese Corp.所製造之聚乙烯醇的商標名,以24%的水溶液型態提供。
Stepfac TSP PE-K和Stepfac TSP PE-N為Stepam Corp.所製造之聚氧乙烯三苯乙烯基酚醚磷酸酯鹽的商標名稱。
Kelzan CC和Van Gel B為Kelco Corp.所製造之增稠劑的商標名稱。材料一般是在加入製劑前,先於水中進行水合。
Kelzan係溶於水中形成2.4%的溶液。Van Gel B係進行高剪切力(high shear)30分鐘使混入水中,以水合黏土,形成4%懸浮液。
Surfynol 104PG為Air Products Corp.所製造之消泡劑的商標名稱,以50%的丙二醇溶液型態提供。
Legend MK為Rohm and Haas Company所製造之防腐劑的商標名稱。
試驗例
將製備的製劑儲藏在54℃下2週。然後,試樣以Malvern Instruments Incorporated之雷射粒子分析器(laser particle analyzer),Mater sizer 2000測量。結果列示於下表中。
結果顯示,在本發明的製劑中固體顆粒的凝集作用(agglomeration)是緩慢的,因此,本發明製劑在高溫,例如54℃,具有良好的穩定度。

Claims (4)

  1. 一種殺菌組成物,包含脫克松(tolclofos-methyl)、聚氧乙烯多芳基酚醚磷酸酯鹽(polyoxyethylene polyarylphenol phosphate)、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物(polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymer)、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚(polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether)以及水。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之殺菌組成物,其中,包含30至70重量%的脫克松、0.3至5重量%的聚氧乙烯多芳基酚醚磷酸酯鹽、0.5至5重量%的聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物、0.1至3重量%的聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚以及25至65重量%的水。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之殺菌組成物,其中,包含脫克松、聚氧乙烯多芳基酚醚磷酸酯鹽、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯嵌段共聚物、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、聚乙烯醇以及水。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項之殺菌組成物,其中,聚氧乙烯多芳基酚醚磷酸酯鹽為聚氧乙烯三苯乙烯基酚醚磷酸酯鹽(polyoxyethylene tristyryl phenol phosphate)。
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