TWI487541B - 止血外敷帶 - Google Patents
止血外敷帶 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI487541B TWI487541B TW102112813A TW102112813A TWI487541B TW I487541 B TWI487541 B TW I487541B TW 102112813 A TW102112813 A TW 102112813A TW 102112813 A TW102112813 A TW 102112813A TW I487541 B TWI487541 B TW I487541B
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- 230000002439 hemostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 46
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Description
本發明係有關於一種外敷用品，尤指一種適用於傷口外敷及止血用途之止血外敷帶。
當皮膚因創傷或手術、打針、抽血等外來因素產生傷口時，便須處理伴隨而來的失血狀況。一般的處理方式，係透過例如壓力止血法、燒灼處理或外傷縫合等止血作業後，於傷口處外敷或包紮經滅菌之外敷用品，以防止為外界細菌所感染。由於常見的外敷用品，例如紗布、繃帶、OK繃、二層紗布間夾棉花經滅菌所製成之棉墊等，雖具有部分吸水特性，但並未兼具止血特性。
US 4,600,574、US 6,762,336、US 6,733,774及PCT公開案WO2004/064878 A1、WO 97/37694、US 61/321,661、US 60/620,539中揭露多種添加止血劑的敷料、襯墊或止血棉，例如以凝血酶、血纖維蛋白及血纖維蛋白原之治療劑組合有敷料載劑或基材，包括以明膠為底之載劑、以多糖為底之載劑、以乙醇酸或乳酸為底之載劑及膠原蛋白基質等。這類添加止血劑的敷料、襯墊或止血棉敷蓋於傷口後，是利用止血劑基於生物可分解性及殺菌性、組織密合、組織修復、藥物傳送及止血特性使傷口癒合或止血，但其吸水性不佳而有回滲之虞，敷蓋後另需使用繃帶或膠帶包紮也非便利。
高親水性聚合物具有強大的保水力，可吸收百倍甚至於千倍於本身重量的水，且吸水後可膨潤具有保持不流動的狀態，即使施加壓力也不會滲漏，且被吸收的水可緩緩地在大氣中釋出。由於具有上述之特性，已被使用於農森林業的土壤保水劑，也運用於衛生用品如尿布、成人失禁用品及婦女衛生用品的吸水劑等用途。近年來例如TW公告第408770號專利被製成條狀應用於清潔用品，亦有如PVA(聚乙烯醇)等聚合物也被製成棒狀應用於鼻腔手術中以吸附血液或人體體液，唯此設計只能用來填塞在如鼻腔等半封閉部位，無法適用在任何開放部位傷口的處理。
TWM417904揭露一種止血繃帶，利用含有例如明膠、膠原蛋白等止血成份的止血層來發揮止血效果，並利用繃帶的纏繞以及扣環的設計來提供施與止血層對傷口的壓力。惟此設計是利用繃帶緊密的纏繞間接提供扣環向下的分力來壓迫止血層，並非僅施壓於傷口處，只能適用於四肢以及大量出血狀況，且有造成組織缺血或壞死之虞，或造成相當程度之不舒適感。如傷口位於臉部、頭部、腹部等不便纏繞繃帶之處，則利用扣環提供的壓力將極為有限，難以有效發揮止血效果。
鑒於上述習知技術缺乏或無法提供有效且方便止血之缺點，本發明之一目的在於提供一種兼具傷口外敷及止血用途之止血外敷帶，便於處理傷口。
為達上述目的，本發明提供一種止血外敷帶，係包括：一基材，具有一敷蓋面；一多孔性發泡層，設於局部之該敷蓋面，用於吸水膨脹以產生一壓力；以及一保護膜，覆蓋於該敷蓋面及該多孔性發泡層。
於一實施例中，該基材得選擇不織布(Nonwoven)、聚酯纖維(Ployester Fibers)、聚氨酯(Polyurethane)、棉布(Cotton)以及絲綢(Silk)等材質之一，亦可於該敷蓋面設有黏膠，以利於黏貼於皮膚。於另一實施例中，該基材亦得直接選用具有自黏特性者，例如透氣膠帶。
該多孔性發泡層之材質可為聚乙烯醇(Polyvinyl Alcohol,PVA)經醛化之聚乙烯醇缩甲醛(Polyvinyl Formal,PVF)。於一實施例中，該多孔性發泡層必須負荷吸水膨脹以產生介於2 mmHg至500 mmHg之間的一壓力。於另一實施例中，該多孔性發泡層至少需負荷吸水膨脹以產生介於2 mmHg至30 mmHg之間的一壓力。於另一實施例中，該多孔性發泡層至少需負荷吸水膨脹以產生介於200 mmHg至500 mmHg之間的一壓力。
本發明所提供之止血外敷帶材料，其形式依大小可實施為OK繃、繃帶、自黏繃帶或黏扣帶，敷蓋於皮膚表面時，該多孔性發泡層應完全敷蓋傷口處，利用多孔性發泡層可吸附傷口處的血液或體液而膨脹，藉此產生壓力施予傷口處以發揮止血作用，具有方便性、舒適性、有效性及安全性。於一實施例中，該多孔性發泡層可添加有止血劑或治療劑，俾助於傷口癒合或止血效率。於另一實施例中，該多孔性發泡層面對該保護膜之表面可具有突出部，藉由該突出部提高接觸傷口處的密合程度，復可提升止血效果。
1、3‧‧‧止血外敷帶
11、31‧‧‧基材
111、311‧‧‧敷蓋面
12、32‧‧‧多孔性發泡層
13、33‧‧‧保護膜
14‧‧‧作用力
15‧‧‧反作用力
2‧‧‧皮膚
21‧‧‧傷口
321、321a、321b、321c‧‧‧突出部
第1圖係顯示本發明止血外敷帶第一實施例側視圖。
第2圖係顯示本發明止血外敷帶於吸水前之使用狀態參考示意圖。
第3圖係顯示本發明止血外敷帶於吸水後之使用狀態作用力示意圖。
第4圖係顯示本發明止血外敷帶第二實施例側視圖。
第5圖係顯示本發明止血外敷帶第三實施例側視圖。
第6圖係顯示本發明止血外敷帶第四實施例側視圖。
第7圖係顯示本發明止血外敷帶第五實施例側視圖。
以下係藉由特定的具體實施例說明本發明之實施方式，熟悉此技藝之人士可由本說明書所揭示之內容輕易地瞭解本發明之其他優點與功效。
第1圖係顯示依照本發明止血外敷帶之第一實施例所繪製之圖式，如圖所示，本發明所提供之止血外敷帶1，係包括基材11、多孔性發泡層12、以及保護膜13。該基材11係具有一敷蓋面111可用於敷蓋於皮膚表面。該多孔性發泡層12係設於局部之該敷蓋面111，用於吸水膨脹以產生一壓力。該保護膜13係覆蓋於該敷蓋面111及該多孔性發泡層12，用於保護該敷蓋面111之潔淨及防止該多孔性發泡層12在使用前吸收環境中水份而膨脹，常見係使用例如離形紙。
於本實施例中，該基材11之敷蓋面111係用於敷蓋於皮膚表面，較佳地是具有黏性，而此黏性之來源可為基材11本身之材質特性，亦可在該敷蓋面111預塗黏膠，此等變化均屬本實施例之設計所涵蓋，並非限制本發明之實施範圍，先於陳明。
於本實施例中，止血外敷帶1並無大小限制，如形式上區分大小可實施為OK繃、繃帶、自黏繃帶或黏扣帶，因此該基材11得依形式選
用具有自黏特性的常見材質，例如透氣膠帶、自黏繃帶，或選用非自黏性材質再於敷蓋面111設有黏膠以提供其黏性，亦可在基材11增設例如黏扣帶或扣具等配件來提供其結合功能，而該基材11之材質係可例如選自於下列群組之一者，包括不織布(Nonwoven)、聚酯纖維(Ployester Fibers)、聚氨酯(Polyurethane)、棉布(Cotton)以及絲綢(Silk)等。
多孔性發泡層12之大小應足以敷蓋傷口，以親水性高分子聚合物為宜，其吸水膨脹之特性則應滿足依吸水比例相對膨脹體積者為宜，依一般靜脈或動脈失血的止血壓力需求，該多孔性發泡層12吸水膨脹得產生壓力之壓力值應介於2 mmHg(毫米汞柱)至500 mmHg之間，若區分產品屬性，亦可區分界介於200 mmHg至500mmHg之間與2 mmHg至30 mmHg之間兩種產品。所述多孔性發泡層12之材質係可選用高分子聚合物，例如聚乙烯醇(Polyvinyl Alcohol,PVA)經醛化的聚乙烯醇缩甲醛(Polyvinyl Formal,PVF)，此類高分子聚合物與皮膚相容，不易產生組織包覆或沾黏問題，且具有優異保水率與導水速度，可自動依吸水量調變膨脹比例。
請參閱第2圖，本發明所提供之止血外敷帶1應用於皮膚2表面之傷口21護理前，需預先撕除如第1圖所示之保護膜13，以該基材11之敷蓋面111貼附於皮膚2表面，並注意該多孔性發泡層12應完全敷蓋傷口21處，此時多孔性發泡層12壓迫於傷口21處產生作用力14，而敷蓋面111貼附於皮膚2表面的部分則產生相對的反作用力15。續如第3圖所示，利用多孔性發泡層12之吸水膨脹特性可吸附傷口21處的血液或體液而膨脹，藉此產生更大的作用力14施予傷口21處以發揮止血作用，而反作用力15亦隨之增大。所述作用力14之產生蓋依該多孔性發泡層12之吸水量而變化，即吸附
血液或體液較多的區域膨脹量較大，反之較小，且其施加於傷口21處之作用力14之總量及增量應等於作用於基材11之反作用力15之總量及增量。此反作用力15則由敷蓋面111貼附於皮膚2之強度所吸收，故多孔性發泡層12吸水膨脹所產生之壓力可完全施予傷口21處以發揮止血作用，不會對皮膚2其他區域造成壓力，克服習知技術可能造成組織缺血或壞死的問題，也相對適用於人體各處，不限於四肢之傷口處理。
綜前第一實施例所述，本發明所提供之止血外敷帶1得用於皮膚2傷口21之外敷用途，同時利用多孔性發泡層12吸水膨脹產生壓力之特性，得提供相當於直接加壓止血法或止血點止血法之效果，提供傷患使用上之高度便利，具有方便性、舒適性、有效性及安全性，且無習知技術只能使用四肢或大量出血之限制，俾克服習知技術之已知問題。
第4圖係顯示依照本發明止血外敷帶之第二實施例所繪製之圖式，如圖所示，本發明所提供之止血外敷帶3，係包括基材31、多孔性發泡層32、以及保護膜33。該基材31係具有一敷蓋面311可用於敷蓋於皮膚表面。該多孔性發泡層32係設於局部之該敷蓋面311，用於吸水膨脹以產生一壓力，且該多孔性發泡層32面對該保護膜33之表面係具有突出部321，可依對應傷口21之態樣，選用適當突出部321，提高突出部321與接觸傷口21處的密合程度，復可提升止血效果。該保護膜33係覆蓋於該敷蓋面311及該多孔性發泡層32，用於保護該敷蓋面311之潔淨及防止該多孔性發泡層32在使用前吸收環境中水份而膨脹。攸關前述第一實施例已提及關於材質、結構、特性方面之等效變化，於本實施例中均無不同，故不再贅述，但非限至本實施例之等效變化，併予陳明。
第5圖至第7圖係顯示依照本發明止血外敷帶之第三至第五實施例所繪製之圖式，相較於第二實施例所揭露之多孔性發泡層32而言，係揭露其突出部321之不同態樣。第5圖係呈現突出部321a之形狀呈一字形之態樣，第6圖係呈現突出部321b之形狀呈十字形之態樣，第7圖則呈現突出部321c之形狀呈點狀之態樣。藉由前揭各式突出部之設計，可依對應傷口21之態樣，選用適當突出部321，提高突出部321與接觸傷口21處的密合程度，則待其吸水膨脹後所提供的壓力將更為均勻的復施加於傷口表面，相對可提升止血效果。惟熟習本項技術領域者應知，前揭各該突出部之形狀僅為例示說明，其他等同提升全面接觸傷口之形狀變化，應均為本發明之精神所涵蓋。
再者，本發明所揭露之止血外敷帶雖已兼具皮膚傷口之外敷與止血用途，但為助於傷口癒合或止血效率，亦可在該多孔性發泡層中添加有止血劑或治療劑。所述止血劑或治療劑已見於本案所列之先前技術中，於本案中不再贅述。
以上所述之具體實施例，僅係用以例釋本發明之特點及功效，而非用以限定本發明之可實施範疇，在未脫離本發明上揭之精神與技術範疇下，任何運用本發明所揭示內容而完成之等效改變及修飾，均仍應為下述之申請專利範圍所涵蓋。
1‧‧‧止血外敷帶
11‧‧‧基材
111‧‧‧敷蓋面
12‧‧‧多孔性發泡層
13‧‧‧保護膜
Claims (11)
- 一種止血外敷帶，係包括：一基材，具有一敷蓋面；一多孔性發泡層，設於局部之該敷蓋面，用於吸水膨脹以產生一壓力；以及一保護膜，覆蓋於該敷蓋面及該多孔性發泡層。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之止血外敷帶，其中該基材之材質係選自於下列群組之一者，包括不織布(Nonwoven)、聚酯纖維(Ployester Fibers)、聚氨酯(Polyurethane)、棉布(Cotton)以及絲綢(Silk)。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之止血外敷帶，其中該基材之敷蓋面係設有黏膠。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之止血外敷帶，其中該基材係為透氣膠帶。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之止血外敷帶，其中該基材設有黏扣帶或扣具。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之止血外敷帶，其中該壓力之壓力值介於2 mmHg至500mmHg之間。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之止血外敷帶，其中該多孔性發泡層面對該保護膜之表面係具有突出部。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之止血外敷帶，其中該突出部之形狀係選自於下列群組之一者，包括一字形、十字形、以及點狀。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之止血外敷帶，其中該多孔性發泡層之材質係為聚乙烯醇缩甲醛(Polyvinyl Formal,PVF)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之止血外敷帶，其中該多孔性發泡層係添加有止血劑或治療劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之止血外敷帶，其中該保護膜係為離形紙。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW102112813A TWI487541B (zh) | 2013-04-11 | 2013-04-11 | 止血外敷帶 |
| US13/908,985 US20140309609A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 | 2013-06-03 | Hemostatic dressing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| TW102112813A TWI487541B (zh) | 2013-04-11 | 2013-04-11 | 止血外敷帶 |
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| TW201438771A TW201438771A (zh) | 2014-10-16 |
| TWI487541B true TWI487541B (zh) | 2015-06-11 |
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| TW102112813A TWI487541B (zh) | 2013-04-11 | 2013-04-11 | 止血外敷帶 |
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| TW (1) | TWI487541B (zh) |
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| WO2009149474A1 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2009-12-10 | Vital Access Corporation | Tissue management methods, apparatus, and systems |
| US11197952B2 (en) | 2009-01-29 | 2021-12-14 | Advent Access Pte. Ltd. | Vascular access ports and related methods |
| EP2391413A4 (en) | 2009-01-29 | 2015-04-01 | Vital Access Corp | PORTS FOR TUBE ACCESS AND RELATED METHODS |
| WO2018185555A2 (en) * | 2017-04-04 | 2018-10-11 | Advent Access Pte. Ltd. | Systems, apparatuses, kits and methods for improved medical procedures |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101829353A (zh) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-15 | 陕西杨凌岱鹰生物技术研究所 | 医用止血海绵及其制备方法 |
| US20120238933A1 (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2012-09-20 | Andover Healthcare, Inc. | Two-Layer Compression Bandage System and Methods of Making and Using the Same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2992644A (en) * | 1959-01-02 | 1961-07-18 | Johnson & Johnson | Dressing |
| US3156242A (en) * | 1962-03-29 | 1964-11-10 | Johnson & Johnson | Flexible absorbent sheet |
| US5538500A (en) * | 1995-02-08 | 1996-07-23 | Peterson; Donald A. | Postoperative wound dressing |
| WO2012112797A2 (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2012-08-23 | Barofsky Andrew | Wound stasis dressing for large surface wounds |
-
2013
- 2013-04-11 TW TW102112813A patent/TWI487541B/zh active
- 2013-06-03 US US13/908,985 patent/US20140309609A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101829353A (zh) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-15 | 陕西杨凌岱鹰生物技术研究所 | 医用止血海绵及其制备方法 |
| US20120238933A1 (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2012-09-20 | Andover Healthcare, Inc. | Two-Layer Compression Bandage System and Methods of Making and Using the Same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US20140309609A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
| TW201438771A (zh) | 2014-10-16 |
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