TWI438046B - Clamping device for hollow shafts - Google Patents

Clamping device for hollow shafts Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI438046B
TWI438046B TW097121031A TW97121031A TWI438046B TW I438046 B TWI438046 B TW I438046B TW 097121031 A TW097121031 A TW 097121031A TW 97121031 A TW97121031 A TW 97121031A TW I438046 B TWI438046 B TW I438046B
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
clamping
clamping device
collet
claw
open position
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TW097121031A
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English (en)
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TW200909107A (en
Inventor
Hangleiter Eugen
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02Chucks
    • B23B31/24Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means
    • B23B31/26Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using mechanical transmission through the working-spindle
    • B23B31/261Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using mechanical transmission through the working-spindle clamping the end of the toolholder shank
    • B23B31/265Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using mechanical transmission through the working-spindle clamping the end of the toolholder shank by means of collets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B2260/00Details of constructional elements
    • B23B2260/004Adjustable elements
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/10Expanding
    • Y10T279/1037Axially moving actuator
    • Y10T279/1041Wedge
    • Y10T279/1045Internal cone
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/10Expanding
    • Y10T279/1037Axially moving actuator
    • Y10T279/1041Wedge
    • Y10T279/1054Wedge with resilient means contacting nonresilient jaw
    • Y10T279/1058Constricting band, annulus, or clip
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17Socket type
    • Y10T279/17411Spring biased jaws
    • Y10T279/17487Moving-cam actuator
    • Y10T279/17521Reciprocating cam sleeve
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/17Socket type
    • Y10T279/17666Radially reciprocating jaws
    • Y10T279/17692Moving-cam actuator
    • Y10T279/17743Reciprocating cam sleeve
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/18Pivoted jaw
    • Y10T279/185Internal-cone actuated
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/29More than one set of gripping means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/94Tool-support
    • Y10T408/95Tool-support with tool-retaining means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30Milling
    • Y10T409/309352Cutter spindle or spindle support
    • Y10T409/309408Cutter spindle or spindle support with cutter holder
    • Y10T409/309464Cutter spindle or spindle support with cutter holder and draw bar

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)

Description

用於空心軸之夾緊裝置
本發明係關於一種用於空心軸之夾緊裝置,特別係用於一具有非圓形外周緣輪廓之空心軸推拔,例如用於一多邊形空心軸推拔,該夾緊裝置具有夾緊爪,該夾緊爪經由一可於主軸中軸向移動之夾頭操作,可於一夾緊位置及一開放位置之間調整,於夾緊位置上,夾緊爪於空心軸座中與一夾緊結構齧合,於開放位置上,夾緊爪與夾緊結構不齧合。
於德國專利案DE 299 22 642 U1中曾公開一種此類之夾緊裝置,其中可於開放位置與夾緊位置間調整之夾緊爪,可藉由夾頭對一軸做樞轉。該夾緊裝置於實務中已證明有用,然而為產生足夠之夾持力,夾頭需要於軸向做相對較大之調整,此導致夾緊裝置之長度較長。
因此本發明之目的在於,提出一種前述類型之夾緊裝置,夾頭只需較短程之調整,就能達到很高之夾持力。
本發明之此目的,於前述類型之夾緊裝置上可藉由以下措施達成,即為了於開放位置與夾緊位置之間做調整,安裝於主軸中之夾緊爪經由夾頭操作,使其一端部做第一樞轉運動,接著,使其另一端部做第二樞轉運動,以進行夾緊動作。
根據本發明之夾緊裝置中,所實現之優點為,於第一樞轉運動中,夾緊爪可接近及接觸於夾緊結構上,而於接續之夾緊爪之第二樞轉運動中,產生所需之夾持力。於第二樞轉運動中,並不需發生夾頭於軸向之序列階梯運動,即能產生很高之夾持力。
進一步有利為,夾緊爪設計成具有爪頭與爪足之夾柄,同時,於夾頭上以相互軸向保持距離之方式設置二夾頭隆起,其中第一夾頭隆起負責爪頭之樞轉,第二夾頭隆起負責爪足之樞轉。於此實施例中不變的係,同樣經由夾頭之軸向、線性調整,產生二種不同之夾緊爪運動型態,其中,夾頭隆起之軸向距離刻意設計成,於夾緊爪經由第一夾頭隆起由開放位置調整為夾緊位置時,夾緊爪先樞轉,且爪頭與夾緊結構齧合,接著,使第二夾頭隆起經由爪足產生第二樞轉。結果為,經由適當選擇二夾頭隆起之距離,就可控制樞轉運動之時間程序。
一特別偏好之實施例中,具有以下特徵,即爪足具有一軸向向外之第一斜面,緊接於具對應接觸面之主軸上,且該爪足具有一軸向向內之第二斜面,配置予於第二夾頭隆起上具對應接觸面之夾頭。經由該二斜面,只要適當選擇其方向性,當經由爪頭與夾緊結構齧合,且夾緊爪之爪足滑移,於主軸之接觸面上產生一對應之夾緊爪調整時,就能夠放大出較高夾持力,並產生一下拉效應。其間,已經證明有意義的係,第一斜面相對於徑向採取15°至75°傾斜角度,以傾斜45°角為最佳,而第二斜面相對於軸向採取5°至30°傾斜角度,以傾斜15°角為最佳。該種傾斜角度可達到有利之力量放大,而無夾死或自我卡死之虞。
為達到有利且均衡之夾緊關係,於本發明之架構中採取進一步之設計,設置多個,最佳者為六夾緊爪,且均勻分佈設置於周緣上。
為使爪足妥善且間隙很小地接於第二夾頭隆起上,夾緊爪之爪足經由一徑向向內預應力之彈簧施力,較佳之選擇為經由一環狀彈簧施力。
根據本發明之夾緊裝置於製造與裝配上,有利之作法為,主 軸具有一可插入其自由端之主軸凸緣,於凸緣上形成一配置予第一斜面之接觸面,如此即可先將夾頭及夾緊爪定位於工作位置,接著再將主軸凸緣安裝於主軸上才算完成。
此外,於本發明之框架中,夾頭具有一供流體通過之穿孔,經由該穿孔,可將冷卻劑與潤滑劑輸送至承載空心軸之工具或工件。
此外,於夾緊爪之軸向內側裝設一於開放位置開啟且於夾緊位置關閉之止逆閥,用以防止冷卻劑與潤滑劑侵入夾頭於主軸內部之軸裝部位,同時進一步實現,於夾緊裝置處於開放位置,做空心軸更換時,透過壓縮空氣充氣,可將冷卻劑與潤滑劑排出主軸。
有利之作法為,該止逆閥具有一被一套筒彈簧之力壓迫之閥套,其於開放位置時,接於一配置予夾頭之擋塊上,令止逆閥打開,其中,閥套被安裝於一座筒中,該座筒接於夾緊爪上,並容納套筒彈簧。
於圖二中所示為根據本發明之夾緊裝置,具有一待夾緊之空心軸1,其中於所示之空心軸1上,值得注意為,該空心軸係多邊形空心軸推拔2,具有非圓形之外緣輪廓,經由該空心軸推拔2外緣輪廓之形狀,亦可傳遞扭距,而無須使用例如槽等之複雜結構。為適應多邊形空心軸推拔2之外周緣,主軸4具有一於圖一中可見,而於圖二中未顯示之額外之主軸凸緣18,該主軸凸緣18之內周緣與空心軸推拔2之外周緣互相對應,其於特別係根據圖三中截面線之圖四及圖五之截面圖中可看出。
夾緊裝置進一步包括夾緊爪3(請比較圖六至圖九),該夾緊爪3經由一可於主軸4軸向滑移之夾頭5,於一夾緊位置及一開放 位置之間調整,於夾緊位置時,夾緊爪3於空心軸座7中與一夾緊結構6齧合,於開放位置時,夾緊爪3於空心軸座7中不與夾緊結構6齧合。夾緊爪3設計成具有一爪頭8及一爪足9之夾柄,其中於夾頭5形成二於軸向相互保持距離之夾頭隆起10、11,其中第一夾頭隆起10使爪頭8樞轉,而第二夾頭隆起11使爪足9樞轉。決定夾頭隆起10、11間之軸向距離在於由開放位置轉成夾緊位置時,經由第一夾頭隆起10先將夾緊爪3於第一樞轉運動做樞轉,使爪頭8與夾緊結構6齧合,接著,經由第二夾頭隆起11,透過爪足9進行第二樞轉運動,使夾持力提高。
進一步由圖六可看出,爪足9具有一徑向向外之第一斜面12,其接於主軸4上,亦即接於主軸凸緣18之一傾斜之對應接觸面13上。此外,爪足9具有一徑向向內之第二斜面14,於第二夾頭隆起11上接於夾頭5之一對應接觸面15上。第一斜面12對徑向採取15°至75°之傾斜角度,以傾斜45°角為最佳,而第二斜面14對軸向採取5°至30°之傾斜角度,以傾斜15°角為最佳,如此,藉由適當選擇斜面12、14之方向,與對應接觸面13、15對應,可達到力量增強或下拉效果,使空心軸1獲得一可靠之夾持。
由圖四及圖五可看出,夾緊爪3係設置成多個,即六個,且均勻分佈於周緣上。爪足9經由一徑向向內預應力之彈簧元件16施力,即經由環狀彈簧17施力(圖六)。夾頭5具有一供流體通過之軸向穿孔19,流體係為冷卻劑及潤滑劑,經由該穿孔19,被主軸凸緣18封閉之空間與空心軸1可被流體充滿,其中,於夾緊爪3軸向向內之側可設置一止逆閥20,止逆閥於開放位置時開啟,於夾緊位置時關閉,作為被流體充滿之空間之密封。止逆閥20具有一經由一套筒彈簧21施力之閥套22,於開放位置時,閥套22接於一配置予夾頭5之擋塊23上,用以打開止逆閥20,該 閥套22本身安裝於一座筒24中,座筒24接於夾緊爪3上,並且容納套筒彈簧21。其中,座筒24並不僅係接於夾緊爪3上,且將夾緊爪3作用於接觸面13上,並於開放位置經由爪足9上傾斜之接觸面向內樞轉夾緊爪3(圖七)。
1‧‧‧空心軸
2‧‧‧空心軸推拔
3‧‧‧夾緊爪
4‧‧‧主軸
5‧‧‧夾頭
6‧‧‧夾緊結構
7‧‧‧空心軸座
8‧‧‧爪頭
9‧‧‧爪足
10‧‧‧夾頭隆起
11‧‧‧夾頭隆起
12‧‧‧第一斜面
13‧‧‧接觸面
14‧‧‧第二斜面
15‧‧‧接觸面
16‧‧‧彈簧元件
17‧‧‧環狀彈簧
18‧‧‧主軸凸緣
19‧‧‧穿孔
20‧‧‧止逆閥
21‧‧‧套筒彈簧
22‧‧‧閥套
23‧‧‧擋塊
24‧‧‧座筒
下列將根據附圖所示之實施例,對本發明做進一步說明,各圖所示為:圖一 一立體圖,顯示根據本發明具有主軸凸緣之夾緊裝置,圖二 與圖一相當之圖示,其中不顯示主軸凸緣,圖三 設於主軸中之夾緊裝置之縱向截面圖,圖四 圖三中沿IV-IV線之截面圖,圖五 圖三中沿V-V線之截面圖,圖六 設於主軸中之夾緊裝置位於開放位置時之縱向截面圖,圖七 與圖六相當之圖示,顯示夾緊動作開始之情形,圖八 與圖六相當之圖示,顯示夾緊裝置於夾緊位置之情形,圖九 與圖六相當之圖示,顯示夾緊裝置於夾緊行程結束時之情形。
1‧‧‧空心軸
3‧‧‧夾緊爪
4‧‧‧主軸
5‧‧‧夾頭
6‧‧‧夾緊結構
7‧‧‧空心軸座
8‧‧‧爪頭
9‧‧‧爪足
10‧‧‧夾頭隆起
11‧‧‧夾頭隆起
12‧‧‧第一斜面
13‧‧‧接觸面
14‧‧‧第二斜面
15‧‧‧接觸面
16‧‧‧彈簧元件
17‧‧‧環狀彈簧
18‧‧‧主軸凸緣
19‧‧‧穿孔
20‧‧‧止逆閥
21‧‧‧套筒彈簧
22‧‧‧閥套
23‧‧‧擋塊
24‧‧‧座筒

Claims (15)

  1. 一種用於空心軸(1)之夾緊裝置,具有夾緊爪(3),該夾緊爪(3)經由一可於主軸(4)中軸向移動之夾頭(5)操作,可於一夾緊位置及一開放位置間調整,於夾緊位置上,夾緊爪(3)於空心軸座(7)中與一夾緊結構(6)齧合,而於開放位置上,夾緊爪(3)與夾緊結構(6)不齧合,其特徵為,為了於開放位置與夾緊位置間做調整,安裝於主軸(4)中之夾緊爪(3)經由夾頭(5)操作,使其一端部做第一樞轉運動,接著,使其另一端部,做第二樞轉運動,以進行夾緊動作,其中該夾緊爪(3)設計成具有一爪頭(8)及一爪足(9)之夾柄。
  2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,夾頭(5)上形成二於軸向互相保持距離之夾頭隆起(10、11),其中第一夾頭隆起(10)使爪頭(8)做樞轉,而第二夾頭隆起(11)使爪足(9)做樞轉。
  3. 根據申請專利範圍第2項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,決定夾頭隆起(10、11)間之軸向距離在於,由開放位置轉成夾緊位置時,經由第一夾頭隆起(10)先樞轉夾緊爪(3),使爪頭(8)與夾緊結構(6)齧合,接著,經由第二夾頭隆起(11),透過爪足(9)進行第二樞轉運動。
  4. 根據申請專利範圍第3項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,該爪足(9)具有一徑向向外之第一斜面(12),該第一斜面(12)接於主軸(4)一對應傾斜之接觸面(13)上,且爪足(9)具有一徑向向內之第二斜面(14),該第二斜面(14)於第二夾頭隆起(11)處,接於夾頭(5)一對應傾斜之接觸面(15)上。
  5. 根據申請專利範圍第4項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,第一斜面(12)對徑向採取15°至75°之傾斜角度。
  6. 根據申請專利範圍第4項或第5項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,第二斜面(14)對軸向採取5°至30°之傾斜角度。
  7. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,夾緊爪(3)設置成多個,均勻分佈於周緣上。
  8. 根據申請專利範圍第7項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,夾緊爪(3)之爪足(9)經由一徑向向內預應力之彈簧元件(16)施力。
  9. 根據申請專利範圍第8項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,該彈簧元件(16)係由一環狀彈簧(17)構成。
  10. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,主軸(4)具有一可插入其自由端之主軸凸緣(18),於凸緣上形成配置予第一斜面之接觸面。
  11. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,夾頭(5)具有一供流體通過之穿孔(19)。
  12. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,於夾緊爪(3)軸向向內之側設置一止逆閥(20),該止逆閥(20)於開放位置時開啟,於夾緊位置時關閉。
  13. 根據申請專利範圍第12項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,該止逆閥(20)具有一經由一套筒彈簧(21)施力之閥套(22),於開放位置時,閥套(22)接於一配置予夾頭(5)之擋塊(23),用以打開止逆閥(20)。
  14. 根據申請專利範圍第13項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,該閥套(22)設於一座筒(24)中,座筒(24)接於夾緊爪(3), 並且容納套筒彈簧(21)。
  15. 根據申請專利範圍第14項所述之夾緊裝置,其特徵為,該座筒(24)經由套筒彈簧(21)作用於夾緊爪(3),並經由與接觸面(13)之作用,於開放位置使夾緊爪(3)向內樞轉。
TW097121031A 2007-07-16 2008-06-06 Clamping device for hollow shafts TWI438046B (zh)

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US20100201083A1 (en) 2010-08-12
KR101579986B1 (ko) 2015-12-23
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KR20100041749A (ko) 2010-04-22
EP2164662A1 (de) 2010-03-24
JP2010533595A (ja) 2010-10-28
TW200909107A (en) 2009-03-01
JP5341078B2 (ja) 2013-11-13
CN101743085B (zh) 2012-02-08
DE102007033350A1 (de) 2009-01-22
DE502008001273D1 (de) 2010-10-14
CN101743085A (zh) 2010-06-16
ATE479514T1 (de) 2010-09-15
US8556554B2 (en) 2013-10-15
WO2009010037A1 (de) 2009-01-22

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