TWI424577B - A method for producing a flexible substrate having a nanocrystalline crystal having a light absorption function and a solar cell using the same, and a method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Description

Method for manufacturing soft substrate with light absorption function and solar cell using same and manufacturing method thereof

The present invention relates to a method for fabricating a soft substrate having a nanocrystal having a light absorbing function, and a method for fabricating a solar cell using the same.

In the prior art, a solar cell is fabricated on a flexible substrate, which is usually a variety of soft substrates commonly used in the market, and is coated with a light absorbing layer, a metal layer, a contact layer, etc., because of the high temperature combination required for plating the layers. And grain growth requires a temperature of, for example, 300 ° C or higher, and the softness of the current temperature exceeding 300 ° C is usually too large to differ from the thermal expansion between the metal layers, and cracks are easily generated to make the life of the solar cell low.

In addition, when a flexible substrate using a thin metal plate has disadvantages such as insufficient bending curvature, insufficient bonding strength between the metal and the packaging material, and limited selectivity of the packaging material, a softness capable of improving existing defects is required. Substrate.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a soft substrate having a light absorbing function and a method for fabricating a solar cell using the same. The method for fabricating the soft substrate of the nanocrystal having the light absorbing function of the present invention can be carried out by the raw material preparation step, the spinning step and the weaving step, the raw material preparation step and the rolling step, or the raw material preparation step and solvent casting. The light absorption function of the crystalline nano powder such as copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) crystalline nano powder or copper indium gallium selenide (CIGSS) crystalline nano powder and polymer material formed by the composite rubber particles, forming a cloth or A soft substrate having a film-like nanocrystal having a light absorbing function. The two surfaces of the flexible substrate having the light absorbing function of the nanocrystals are respectively formed into a back metal electrode and a transparent electrode, and the solar cell is formed by encapsulating moisture and oxygen, and the two of the flexible substrates can be further advanced in advance. The surface is formed by vapor deposition or sputtering to form a light absorbing layer so that the function of light absorption can be uniform and continuous over the entire substrate.

The invention is characterized in that the crystalline nano powder having an absorption function such as CIGS crystalline nano powder or CIGSS crystalline nano powder can be directly incorporated into a soft substrate, thereby making the substrate itself have light absorption. The composition can be directly used as a light absorbing layer, or it can be plated with a light absorbing layer, which can further reduce the process time or accelerate the light absorption at a lower temperature by accelerating nucleation or grain growth. The process of the thin layer further improves the lattice interface between the flexible substrate and the light absorbing thin layer, and reduces the difference in expansion coefficient between the metal electrode and the package, and can be packaged by using a sealing material which is resistant to water and oxygen to achieve a fast process. And reduce the cost effect.

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings and the <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt;

The first figure is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for fabricating a soft substrate having a light absorbing function. As shown in the first figure, the method S1 for fabricating a soft substrate having a nano-crystal having a light absorbing function comprises a raw material preparation step S11, a spinning step S13, and a weaving step S15, wherein the raw material preparation step S11 has a light absorbing function. The crystalline nano powder such as copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) crystalline nano powder or copper indium gallium selenide (CIGSS) crystalline nano powder forms a composite rubber particle with the polymer material, and the spinning step S13 combines the composite rubber particles The spinning is performed to form a composite fiber, and the composite fiber is woven in a spinning step S13 to form a soft substrate having a light-absorbing function of nanocrystals in a cloth shape, wherein the polymer material is polyamine ( At least one of polyamide, PA), polyimide (PI), polyetherimide (PEI), polyamideimide (PAI), and polyaniline (PANI) .

The second figure is a flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for fabricating a soft substrate having a light absorbing function. As shown in the second figure, the method S2 for producing a soft substrate of a nanocrystal having a light absorbing function according to the present invention includes a raw material preparation step S21 and a rolling step S23. The raw material preparation step S21 is the same as the first embodiment, and is not described herein. In the rolling step S23, the composite rubber particles are heated and rolled to form a film-like soft substrate having a light absorbing function of nanocrystal grains.

The third figure is a flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for fabricating a soft substrate having a light absorbing function. As shown in the second figure, the method S2 for producing a soft substrate of a nanocrystal having a light absorbing function of the present invention comprises a raw material preparation step S31 and a solvent casting step S33. The raw material preparation step S31 is the same as the first embodiment, and will not be described herein. The solvent casting step S33 pours the mixed solution of the composite rubber particles and the solvent into a specific shape container to form a composite colloidal sheet. After the solvent evaporates, the composite colloidal sheet is separated from the container to form a film-like light absorption. A flexible substrate for functional nanocrystals.

For the first to third embodiments, the crystalline nanopowders having a light absorbing function are located on the surface of the soft substrate having the light absorbing functional nanocrystals, and the functional groups of the polymeric materials are along A preferred direction sequence is arranged, and the crystalline nanopowders having a light absorbing function have the same orientation as the preferred direction.

The fourth figure is a schematic structural view of a solar cell to which the soft substrate of the nanocrystal having the light absorbing function of the first to third embodiments is applied. As shown in the fourth figure, the solar cell 1 includes a light absorption function. The flexible substrate 10 of the rice grain, the back metal electrode 20, the transparent electrode 30, and the sealant layer 40, the soft substrate 10 having a nanocrystal having a light absorbing function includes a nanocrystal having a light absorbing function, and thus Directly as a light absorbing layer, the back metal electrode 20 is formed of molybdenum (Mo), stacked on a surface of the flexible substrate 10 having a light absorbing function, and the transparent electrode 30 is stacked on the light absorbing function. The other surface of the soft substrate 10 of nanocrystalline grains may be cadmium sulfide (CdS), zinc sulfide (ZnS), indium selenide (In2Se3), indium sulfide (In2S3), zinc oxide (ZnO), or aluminum zinc oxide (Al). : ZnO), other transparent conductive oxides, and aluminum-nickel alloys are formed as a contact window. The sealing layer 40 is stacked on the back metal electrode 20 and the transparent electrode 30, and is formed of a transparent plastic to isolate moisture and oxygen. Further, the solar cell 1 further comprises a light absorbing thin layer 50 stacked on both surfaces of the soft substrate 10 having a light absorbing function, that is, a nanocrystal having a light absorbing function. Between the flexible substrate 10 and the back metal electrode 20, and between the flexible substrate 10 having the light absorbing function of the nanocrystal grains and the transparent electrode 30, so that the light absorbing function is soft throughout the nanocrystal having a light absorbing function. The substrate 10 is uniform and continuous.

The fifth drawing is a flow chart of a method of fabricating a solar cell using a soft substrate of a nanocrystal having a light absorbing function. As shown in FIG. 5, a method S4 for manufacturing a solar cell using a soft substrate having a light absorbing function of a nanocrystal grain includes a substrate preparation step S41, a back metal electrode film formation step S43, a transparent electrode film formation step S45, and a packaging step. S47. The substrate preparation step S41 prepares a soft substrate of a crystalline nanopowder having a light absorbing function. In the back metal electrode film forming step S43, a metal film is formed on either side of the flexible substrate by vapor deposition or sputtering to serve as a back metal electrode, and a work function and a soft substrate of the composition of the metal film The crystalline nanopowder having a light absorbing function is matched, and the composition of the metal film is usually molybdenum (Mo). The transparent electrode film forming step S45 is formed on the other surface of the flexible substrate by vapor deposition or sputtering to form a transparent conductive film as a transparent electrode or a contact window, and the material of the transparent electrode is cadmium sulfide (CdS), Zinc sulfide (ZnS), indium selenide (In2Se3), indium sulfide (In2S3), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide zinc (Al:ZnO), other transparent conductive oxides, and aluminum-nickel alloys Wait. The packaging step S47 forms a transparent plastic layer on the surface of the back metal electrode and the transparent electrode to block moisture and oxygen. Further, a light absorbing thin film forming step S49 may be included, and before the back metal electrode film forming step S43 and the transparent electrode film forming step S45, the CIGS target or the CIGSS target is splashed on both sides of the flexible substrate in advance. A light absorbing thin layer is formed by plating so that the function of light absorption can be uniform and continuous over the entire substrate, and the back metal electrode and the transparent electrode are formed on the two light absorbing thin layers, respectively.

The invention is characterized in that the crystalline nano powder capable of absorbing and attacking energy, such as CIGS crystalline nano powder or CIGSS crystalline nano powder, can be directly incorporated into a soft substrate, thereby making the substrate itself have light. The absorbed component can be directly used as a light absorbing layer, or it can be plated with a light absorbing layer, which can further reduce the process time by accelerating nucleation or grain growth, or can be light at a lower temperature. The process of absorbing the thin layer, further improving the lattice interface between the flexible substrate and the light absorbing thin layer, and reducing the difference in the expansion coefficient between the metal electrode and the metal encapsulation material, and packaging can be applied to achieve the process Fast, cost-effective results.

The above is only a preferred embodiment for explaining the present invention, and is not intended to impose any limitation on the present invention, so that any modifications or changes to the present creation made in the same spirit, They should still be included in the scope of this creative intent.

1. . . Solar battery

10. . . Soft substrate with nano-grain with light absorption function

20. . . Back metal electrode

30. . . Transparent electrode

40. . . Sealing layer

50. . . Light absorbing layer

S1. . . Flexible substrate with nano-grain having light absorption function

S11. . . Raw material preparation step

S13. . . Spinning step

S15. . . Textile step

S2. . . Flexible substrate with nano-grain having light absorption function

S21. . . Raw material preparation step

S23. . . Rolling step

S3. . . Flexible substrate with nano-grain having light absorption function

S31. . . Raw material preparation step

S33. . . Solvent casting step

S4. . . Solar cell using soft substrate with nano-grain of light absorption function

S41. . . Substrate preparation step

S43. . . Back metal electrode film forming step

S45. . . Transparent electrode film forming step

S47. . . Packaging step

S49. . . Light absorbing layer film forming step

The first figure is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for fabricating a soft substrate having a light absorbing function.

The second figure is a flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for fabricating a soft substrate having a light absorbing function.

The third figure is a flow chart of a third embodiment of a method for fabricating a soft substrate having a light absorbing function.

The fourth figure is a schematic structural view of a solar cell using a soft substrate of a nanocrystal having a light absorbing function.

The fifth drawing is a flow chart of a method of fabricating a solar cell using a soft substrate of a nanocrystal having a light absorbing function.

S4. . . Solar cell using soft substrate with nano-grain of light absorption function

S41. . . Substrate preparation step

S43. . . Back metal electrode film forming step

S45. . . Transparent electrode film forming step

S47. . . Packaging step

S49. . . Light absorbing layer film forming step

Claims (14)

The invention relates to a method for preparing a soft substrate with a light absorbing function, comprising: a raw material preparation step, forming a plurality of composite nanometer rubber particles having a light absorbing function and a plurality of polymer materials to form a plurality of composite rubber particles; a spinning step of spinning the composite rubber particles to form a plurality of composite fibers; and a weaving step of first weaving the composite fibers to form a cloth-like light absorbing function A soft substrate of nanocrystals, wherein the crystalline nanopowder having a light absorbing function is located on a surface of the soft substrate having the light absorbing function of the nanocrystal grains. The invention relates to a method for preparing a soft substrate with a light absorbing function, comprising: a raw material preparation step, forming a plurality of composite nanometer rubber particles having a light absorbing function and a plurality of polymer materials to form a plurality of composite rubber particles; And a rolling step, heating the composite rubber particles, and rolling, to form a film-like soft substrate having a light absorbing function of nanocrystals, wherein the light absorption function of the crystalline naphthalene The rice powder is located on the surface of the soft substrate of the nanocrystal having a light absorbing function. The invention relates to a method for preparing a soft substrate with a light absorbing function, comprising: a raw material preparation step, forming a plurality of composite nanometer rubber particles having a light absorbing function and a plurality of polymer materials to form a plurality of composite rubber particles; And a solvent casting step, pouring the mixed solution of the composite material particles and the solvent into a specific shape container to form a composite colloidal sheet, and when the solvent is volatilized, separating the composite colloidal sheet from the container to form a film-like one a soft substrate of light absorbing nanocrystals, The crystalline nanopowder having the light absorbing function is located on the surface of the soft substrate having the light absorbing function of the nanocrystal grains. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the functional groups of the polymer materials are arranged in a preferred direction, and the crystalline nanopowders having a light absorbing function and the preferred direction are It has the same orientation. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the polymer materials are polyamine, polyimine, polyether quinone, polyamidimide, and polyaniline. At least one of them. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the crystalline nanopowder having a light absorbing function is copper indium gallium selenide crystal nano powder or copper indium gallium selenide crystal Rice powder. A solar cell comprising: a soft substrate having a nano-crystal having a light absorbing function, comprising a plurality of nanocrystal grains having a light absorbing function and having a light absorbing function; and a back metal electrode stacked on the light absorbing layer a surface of the flexible substrate of the functional nanocrystal, formed of molybdenum; a transparent electrode stacked on the other surface of the flexible substrate having the light absorbing function of the nanocrystal, as a contact window; A sealing layer is stacked on the back metal electrode and the transparent electrode, and is formed by a transparent plastic to insulate moisture and oxygen. The solar cell according to claim 7, wherein the transparent electrode is formed by at least one of cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide, indium selenide, indium sulfide, zinc oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, and an aluminum-nickel alloy. The solar cell according to claim 7 of the patent application, further comprising two light Absorbing a thin layer formed between the flexible substrate of the nanocrystal having a light absorbing function and the back metal electrode, and the soft substrate of the nanocrystal having the light absorbing function and Between the transparent electrodes. The solar cell according to claim 7, wherein the crystalline nanopowder having a light absorbing function is copper indium gallium selenide crystalline nano powder or copper indium gallium selenide crystalline nano powder. A method for fabricating a solar cell using a soft substrate having a light absorbing function, comprising: a substrate preparing step, preparing a soft substrate of a crystalline nanopowder having a light absorbing function; and forming a back metal electrode film forming step Forming a metal film on either surface of the flexible substrate by evaporation or sputtering to serve as a back metal electrode, a work function of a composition of the metal film, and a crystal having a light absorbing function in the flexible substrate The nano powder is matched; a transparent electrode film forming step is formed on the other surface of the flexible substrate by vapor deposition or sputtering to form a transparent conductive film as a transparent electrode; and a packaging step on the back metal The electrode and the surface of the transparent electrode form a transparent plastic layer to block moisture and oxygen. The method of claim 11, further comprising a light absorbing thin film forming step of previously inferring copper indium on both sides of the flexible substrate before the back metal electrode film forming step and the transparent electrode film forming step The gallium selenium target or the copper indium gallium selenide target is sputtered to form a light absorbing thin layer, and the back metal electrode and the transparent electrode are respectively formed on each of the light absorbing thin layers. The method of claim 11, wherein the crystalline nanopowder having a light absorbing function is copper indium gallium selenide crystalline nano powder or copper indium gallium selenide crystalline nano powder. The method of claim 11, wherein the material forming the transparent electrode is at least one of cadmium sulfide, zinc sulfide, indium selenide, indium sulfide, zinc oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, and an aluminum-nickel alloy.