TWI417203B - Power feed system for electric vehicle - Google Patents
Power feed system for electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- TWI417203B TWI417203B TW099144791A TW99144791A TWI417203B TW I417203 B TWI417203 B TW I417203B TW 099144791 A TW099144791 A TW 099144791A TW 99144791 A TW99144791 A TW 99144791A TW I417203 B TWI417203 B TW I417203B
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- power
- electric vehicle
- battery
- converter
- charging
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000012840 feeding operation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L55/00—Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
- H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/20—AC to AC converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/126—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
本發明大體上係關於一種用於電動車輛之電力饋送系統。The present invention generally relates to a power feeding system for an electric vehicle.
近年來開發了諸如插入式混合動力車輛(PHV: Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle)及電池電動車輛(BEV: Battery Electric Vehicle)之電動車輛。已考慮使用來自房屋插頭的商用交流電力供應電動車輛而將電動車輛充電，以作為一種將電動車輛充電的方法。In recent years, electric vehicles such as a Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle (PHV) and a Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) have been developed. It has been considered to charge an electric vehicle using a commercial AC power supply electric vehicle from a house plug as a method of charging an electric vehicle.
此外，若在使用商用交流電力供應電動車輛而將電池充電時發生斷電，藉由將電動車輛的電池放電以供應房屋內的電氣設備的方法已經過檢查(例如，參照於日本專利申請公開案第2006-158084號)。In addition, if a power failure occurs when the battery is charged by using the commercial AC power supply electric vehicle, the method of discharging the battery of the electric vehicle to supply the electric equipment in the house has been inspected (for example, refer to Japanese Patent Application Publication No. No. 2006-158084).
在前述專利申請案揭示之系統中，在將電動車輛充電時，商用交流電力被供應至電動車輛，且在電動車輛中交流電力被轉換成直流電力以將電池充電。因此存在一問題：在將交流電力轉換至直流電力時產生轉換損耗(conversion loss)。類似地，當將電動車輛放電時，在電池中儲存的直流電力被轉換成交流電力且被供應至房屋側(house side)。因此，問題在於當將直流電力轉換成交流電力時產生的轉換損耗。In the system disclosed in the aforementioned patent application, when an electric vehicle is charged, commercial alternating current power is supplied to the electric vehicle, and in the electric vehicle, alternating current power is converted into direct current power to charge the battery. Therefore, there is a problem in that conversion loss is generated when AC power is converted to DC power. Similarly, when the electric vehicle is discharged, the direct current power stored in the battery is converted into alternating current power and supplied to the house side. Therefore, the problem is the conversion loss generated when converting direct current power into alternating current power.
本發明之一目的為提供用於電動車輛的電力饋送系統，其在將電動車輛的電池充電及/或將電池放電以饋送電力至房屋時，可跳過交流對直流轉換及/或直流對交流轉換之步驟，藉以有效率地使用電力。It is an object of the present invention to provide a power feeding system for an electric vehicle that can skip AC to DC conversion and/or DC to AC when charging the battery of the electric vehicle and/or discharging the battery to feed power to the house. The step of conversion to use electricity efficiently.
為了達成上述目的，本發明包含：直流配電盤，其包含配電電路，配電電路經配置以將來自至少一個直流電力供應源的直流電力分配至複數個輸出；雙向電力饋送裝置，其經配置以將來自直流配電盤的直流電力饋送至電動車輛的電池以執行充電作業，與使用來自電動車輛電池的直流電力供應直流配電盤以執行饋送作業；以及控制裝置，其經配置以基於由至少一個直流電力供應源供應的電力與配電電路側所需的電力，產生切換訊號，以將雙向電力饋送裝置的作業改變至充電作業或饋送作業。雙向電力饋送裝置包含：控制部分，其經配置以基於由控制裝置產生的切換訊號，將電動車輛的作業改變為對電池的充電作業或對電池的饋送作業；車輛側饋送部分，其經配置以在電動車輛充電時，使用來自直流配電盤的直流電力供應電動車輛；以及配電盤側饋送部分，其經配置以在電動車輛放電時，使用來自電動車輛的直流電力供應直流配電盤。To achieve the above objects, the present invention comprises: a DC power distribution panel comprising a power distribution circuit configured to distribute DC power from at least one DC power supply source to a plurality of outputs; a bidirectional power feed device configured to DC power of the DC switchboard is fed to the battery of the electric vehicle to perform a charging operation, and DC power is supplied from the electric vehicle battery to perform a feeding operation; and a control device configured to be supplied based on the at least one DC power supply The power and the power required on the side of the distribution circuit generate a switching signal to change the operation of the bidirectional power feeding device to a charging operation or a feeding operation. The bidirectional power feeding device includes a control portion configured to change an operation of the electric vehicle to a charging operation for a battery or a feeding operation for a battery based on a switching signal generated by the control device; a vehicle side feeding portion configured to The electric vehicle is supplied with DC power from the DC switchboard while the electric vehicle is being charged; and a switchboard side feed portion configured to supply the DC switchboard with DC power from the electric vehicle when the electric vehicle is discharged.
根據本發明，在將電動車輛的電池充電時，來自直流配電盤的直流電力被經由雙向電力饋送裝置供應至電動車輛。因此，在電動車輛側中不需將交流電力轉換成直流電力。所以不產生將交流電力轉換成直流電力所造成的轉換損耗。此外，在將電動車輛的電池放電藉以由電動車輛側饋送電力時，雙向電力饋送裝置直接地使用儲存在電動車輛的電池中的電力供應直流配電盤。因此，不需將由電動車輛供應的直流電力轉換成交流電力。所以不產生將直流電力轉換成交流電力所造成的轉換損耗。因此，可有效率的使用電力。According to the present invention, when the battery of the electric vehicle is charged, the direct current power from the direct current distribution board is supplied to the electric vehicle via the bidirectional power feeding device. Therefore, it is not necessary to convert AC power into DC power in the electric vehicle side. Therefore, conversion loss caused by converting AC power into DC power is not generated. Further, when discharging the battery of the electric vehicle to feed power from the electric vehicle side, the bidirectional power feeding device directly uses the power supply DC distribution board stored in the battery of the electric vehicle. Therefore, it is not necessary to convert the direct current power supplied from the electric vehicle into the alternating current power. Therefore, the conversion loss caused by converting DC power into AC power is not generated. Therefore, power can be used efficiently.
在一具體實施例中，直流配電盤被安排在建築物內。電動車輛更進一步裝備了充電-放電部分以將電池充電及放電，以及充電-放電控制部分以控制充電-放電部分的作業。雙向電力饋送裝置經配置以在充電作業時，使用由直流配電盤供應的直流電力供應電動車輛的充電-放電部分，且經配置以在饋送作業時，使用由電動車輛的充電-放電部分饋送的直流電力供應直流配電盤。雙向電力饋送裝置的控制部分經配置以經由電動車輛的充電-放電控制部分，使電動車輛的充電-放電控制部分基於控制裝置產生的切換訊號，改變作業至對電池的充電作業或對電池的饋送作業。In a specific embodiment, the DC distribution panel is arranged within the building. The electric vehicle is further equipped with a charge-discharge portion to charge and discharge the battery, and a charge-discharge control portion to control the operation of the charge-discharge portion. The bidirectional power feeding device is configured to supply a charge-discharge portion of the electric vehicle using DC power supplied by the DC switchboard during a charging operation, and is configured to use a DC fed by the charge-discharge portion of the electric vehicle during the feeding operation Power supply DC switchboard. The control portion of the bidirectional power feeding device is configured to cause the charging-discharging control portion of the electric vehicle to change the charging operation to the battery or the feeding of the battery based on the switching signal generated by the control device via the charge-discharge control portion of the electric vehicle operation.
在一具體實施例中，該至少一直流電力供應源包含儲存電池，該儲存電池經配置以使用由其他直流電力供應源供應的直流電力充電，且經配置以在該其他直流電力供應源停止饋送電力時放電。儲存電池經配置以在電動車輛放電時使用由配電盤側饋送部分供應的直流電力充電。In a specific embodiment, the at least DC power supply includes a storage battery configured to be charged using DC power supplied by other DC power supply sources, and configured to stop feeding at the other DC power supply source Discharge when electricity. The storage battery is configured to be charged using DC power supplied by the switchboard side feed portion when the electric vehicle is discharged.
根據此具體實施例，由電動車輛的電池放電的直流電力可被儲存於儲存電池中。According to this embodiment, the DC power discharged by the battery of the electric vehicle can be stored in the storage battery.
執行本發明之最佳模式Best mode for carrying out the invention
用於電動車輛之電力饋送系統的具體實施例不僅限於配置以供應電動車輛(諸如插入式混合車輛(PHV)或電池電動車輛(BEV))，並使用直流電力對電動車輛的電池充電，但亦可配置以在房屋側發生電力短缺時，藉由將電動車輛的電池放電，而使用儲存在電動車輛的電池中的電力供應房屋側。在此具體實施例中，解釋此將用於電動車輛之電力饋送系統應用到附接的房屋上的配置。然而，理所當然的，用於電動車輛之電力饋送系統可被應用至諸如集合式住宅、商業辦公室、或另一建築物。A specific embodiment of a power feeding system for an electric vehicle is not limited to being configured to supply an electric vehicle such as a plug-in hybrid vehicle (PHV) or a battery electric vehicle (BEV), and uses a direct current power to charge a battery of the electric vehicle, but It is configurable to use the power supply house side stored in the battery of the electric vehicle by discharging the battery of the electric vehicle when power shortage occurs on the house side. In this particular embodiment, this configuration for applying a power feed system for an electric vehicle to an attached house is explained. However, it is a matter of course that the power feeding system for an electric vehicle can be applied to, for example, a condominium house, a commercial office, or another building.
第1圖圖示用於電動車輛之電力饋送系統的簡圖。用於電動車輛之電力饋送系統包含直流配電盤1、雙向電力饋送裝置2、控制裝置3、與設定/顯示裝置4。直流配電盤1經安排在房屋H處，且經配置以將由直流電力供應源供應的直流電力分配至安排在房屋H內的分支電路。雙向電力饋送裝置2經配置以將來自直流配電盤的直流電力饋送至電動車輛電池而執行充電作業，與使用來自電動車輛電池的直流電力供應直流配電盤而執行饋送作業。例如，雙向電力饋送裝置2經配置以執行充電作業或饋送作業。在充電作業中，雙向電力饋送裝置2將由直流配電盤1供應的直流電力饋送至電動車輛60的充電-放電電路63。在饋送作業中，雙向電力饋送裝置2將由電動車輛60的充電-放電電路63饋送的直流電力供應至直流配電盤1。Figure 1 illustrates a simplified diagram of a power feeding system for an electric vehicle. A power feeding system for an electric vehicle includes a DC distribution board 1, a bidirectional power feeding device 2, a control device 3, and a setting/display device 4. The DC distribution panel 1 is arranged at the house H and is configured to distribute the DC power supplied by the DC power supply to the branch circuits arranged in the house H. The bidirectional power feeding device 2 is configured to perform a charging operation by feeding DC power from the DC distribution board to the electric vehicle battery, and performing a feeding operation using DC power supply from the electric vehicle battery. For example, the bidirectional power feeding device 2 is configured to perform a charging job or a feeding job. In the charging operation, the bidirectional power feeding device 2 feeds the direct current power supplied from the direct current distribution board 1 to the charge-discharge circuit 63 of the electric vehicle 60. In the feeding operation, the bidirectional power feeding device 2 supplies the direct current power fed by the charge-discharge circuit 63 of the electric vehicle 60 to the direct current distribution board 1.
電動車輛60包含連接器61、電池62(諸如鋰離子電池)、充電-放電電路63、通訊電路64、以及充電-放電控制電路65。連接器61經配置以可拆離地附接至饋送連接器26。在此，饋送連接器26被提供在從雙向電力饋送裝置2引出的充電纜線CA的尾端處。充電-放電電路63經配置以將電池62充電與放電。通訊電路64經配置以與雙向電力饋送裝置2通訊。充電-放電控制電路65經配置以，基於由雙向電力饋送裝置2供應、且由通訊電路64接收的切換訊號，將充電-放電電路63的作業改變為充電作業或饋送作業。The electric vehicle 60 includes a connector 61, a battery 62 (such as a lithium ion battery), a charge-discharge circuit 63, a communication circuit 64, and a charge-discharge control circuit 65. The connector 61 is configured to be detachably attached to the feed connector 26. Here, the feed connector 26 is provided at the trailing end of the charging cable CA drawn from the bidirectional power feeding device 2. Charge-discharge circuit 63 is configured to charge and discharge battery 62. Communication circuit 64 is configured to communicate with bidirectional power feed device 2. The charge-discharge control circuit 65 is configured to change the job of the charge-discharge circuit 63 to a charging job or a feed job based on the switching signal supplied from the two-way power feeding device 2 and received by the communication circuit 64.
直流配電盤1符合300 V(伏特)等級直流電壓。協作控制部分11經配置以使由複數直流電力供應源供應的直流電力協作(cooperate)，且經配置以供應負載電路。複數直流斷路器12各別經連接在協作控制部分11的輸出端與多數系統(plural system)的分支電路之間。每個直流斷路器12具有連接至分支電路的輸出。在此具體實施例中，分配電路10包含複數直流斷路器12。直流配電盤1包含直流對直流轉換器13、直流對直流轉換器14、直流對直流轉換器15、與交流對直流轉換器16。直流對直流轉換器13經配置以將由光伏打設施50產生的直流電壓轉換成具有一預定電壓值的直流電壓。直流對直流轉換器14經配置以將由燃料電池51產生的直流電壓轉換成具有一預定電壓值的直流電壓。在此，儲存電池52不僅經配置以由其他直流電力供應源充電，且亦經配置以在該等其他直流電力供應源停止饋送電力時放電。交流對直流轉換器16經配置以將由商用交流電力供應源100供應的交流電力轉換成直流。每個直流對直流轉換器13-15與交流對直流轉換器16的輸出經由直流電力線L1與協作控制部分11連接。在當前的具體實施例中，光伏打設施50、燃料電池51、儲存電池52、經配置以將對應的直流電力供應源的輸出轉換成預定電壓值的直流對直流轉換器13、14、15、與經配置以將來自商用交流電力供應源100的交流輸入轉換成直流的交流對直流轉換器16，被包含為如同至少一個直流電力供應源。The DC switchboard 1 complies with a DC voltage of 300 V (volts). The cooperation control portion 11 is configured to cooperate the DC power supplied by the plurality of DC power supply sources and configured to supply the load circuit. The plurality of DC circuit breakers 12 are each connected between the output of the cooperative control section 11 and the branch circuit of a majority system. Each DC breaker 12 has an output connected to a branch circuit. In this particular embodiment, distribution circuit 10 includes a plurality of DC circuit breakers 12. The DC distribution board 1 includes a DC-to-DC converter 13, a DC-to-DC converter 14, a DC-to-DC converter 15, and an AC-DC converter 16. The DC to DC converter 13 is configured to convert the DC voltage generated by the photovoltaic unit 50 into a DC voltage having a predetermined voltage value. The DC-to-DC converter 14 is configured to convert a DC voltage generated by the fuel cell 51 into a DC voltage having a predetermined voltage value. Here, the storage battery 52 is not only configured to be charged by other DC power supply sources, but is also configured to discharge when the other DC power supply sources stop feeding power. The AC to DC converter 16 is configured to convert AC power supplied by the commercial AC power supply 100 to DC. The output of each of the DC-to-DC converters 13-15 and the AC-to-DC converter 16 is connected to the cooperative control section 11 via a DC power line L1. In the present embodiment, the photovoltaic device 50, the fuel cell 51, the storage battery 52, the DC-to-DC converters 13, 14, 15 configured to convert the output of the corresponding DC power supply to a predetermined voltage value, The AC to DC converter 16 configured to convert the AC input from the commercial AC power supply source 100 to DC is included as if it were at least one DC power supply.
雙向電力饋送裝置2包含直流對直流轉換器(車輛側饋送部分)21、直流對直流轉換器(配電盤側饋送部分)22、介面部分24、通訊部分25、與控制部分23。直流對直流轉換器21經配置以將由直流斷路器12經由直流電力線L2供應的直流電源，轉換成對應於電動車輛60的直流電力電壓值，且經配置以供應電動車輛60。直流對直流轉換器22經配置以轉換由電動車輛60供應的直流電壓的電壓值，且經配置以輸出至直流電力線L1。介面部分24經配置以發送訊號至/自控制裝置3。通訊部分25經配置以經由通訊線L4與電動車輛60的通訊電路64通訊。控制部分23經配置以基於由控制裝置3或電動車輛60供應的訊號，控制直流對直流轉換器21、22的作業。在當前具體實施例中，在雙向電力饋送裝置2的通訊部分25與電動車輛60的通訊電路64之間傳輸的訊號，係經由併入充電纜線CA的通訊線L4發送。然而，訊號可由電力線通訊(power line communication)的方式被疊加(superimpose)至電力線L3並經由電力線L3發送。此訊號可由短距離無限通訊的方式發送。The bidirectional power feeding device 2 includes a direct current to direct current converter (vehicle side feeding portion) 21, a direct current to direct current converter (distribution disk side feeding portion) 22, an interface portion 24, a communication portion 25, and a control portion 23. The DC-to-DC converter 21 is configured to convert a DC power source supplied by the DC breaker 12 via the DC power line L2 into a DC power voltage value corresponding to the electric vehicle 60 and configured to supply the electric vehicle 60. The DC-to-DC converter 22 is configured to convert the voltage value of the DC voltage supplied by the electric vehicle 60 and is configured to output to the DC power line L1. The interface portion 24 is configured to transmit signals to/from the control device 3. The communication portion 25 is configured to communicate with the communication circuit 64 of the electric vehicle 60 via the communication line L4. The control portion 23 is configured to control the operation of the DC-to-DC converters 21, 22 based on signals supplied by the control device 3 or the electric vehicle 60. In the presently preferred embodiment, the signal transmitted between the communication portion 25 of the bidirectional power feeding device 2 and the communication circuit 64 of the electric vehicle 60 is transmitted via the communication line L4 incorporated in the charging cable CA. However, the signal may be superimposed to the power line L3 by way of power line communication and transmitted via the power line L3. This signal can be sent by short distance unlimited communication.
控制裝置3具有可控制由直流配電盤1饋送的直流電力量的功能。控制裝置3經配置以控制每個由直流對直流轉換器13-15與交流對直流轉換器16各別饋送的電力，藉以決定在複數直流電力供應源之間的饋送比例。控制裝置3亦具有可將關於複數直流電力供應源的電力饋送產能(capacity)的資訊，供應至雙向電力饋送裝置2的功能。雙向電力饋送裝置2經配置以基於由控制裝置3提供的關於電力饋送產能的資訊，控制直流對直流轉換器21，藉以控制饋送至電動車輛60的直流電力，致使饋送至電動車輛60的直流電力不超過直流電力供應源的電力饋送產能。The control device 3 has a function of controlling the amount of DC power fed by the DC distribution board 1. The control device 3 is configured to control each of the power fed by the DC-to-DC converters 13-15 and the AC-to-DC converters 16 to determine the ratio of feeds between the plurality of DC power sources. The control device 3 also has a function of supplying information on the power feeding capacity of the plurality of DC power supply sources to the bidirectional power feeding device 2. The bidirectional power feeding device 2 is configured to control the DC-to-DC converter 21 based on information about the power feeding capacity provided by the control device 3, thereby controlling the DC power fed to the electric vehicle 60, causing the DC power fed to the electric vehicle 60 Does not exceed the power feed capacity of the DC power supply.
設定/顯示裝置4包含具有觸控面板的液晶顯示器。設定顯示裝置4經配置以在螢幕上顯示直流電力供應源的饋送狀態。此外，藉由顯示在螢幕上的作業鈕的觸控作業，可經由設定/顯示裝置4將各種設定狀態設定至控制裝置3。The setting/display device 4 includes a liquid crystal display having a touch panel. The setting display device 4 is configured to display a feed state of the DC power supply source on the screen. Further, various setting states can be set to the control device 3 via the setting/display device 4 by the touch operation of the job button displayed on the screen.
現在，解釋使用當前電力饋送系統的電動車輛60的充電/放電作業。Now, the charging/discharging operation of the electric vehicle 60 using the current power feeding system will be explained.
控制裝置3比較來自直流電力供應源的電力(供應電力)與分支電路側所需的電力(所需電力)。若來自直流電力供應源的供應電力高於所需電力，則控制裝置3將切換訊號供應至雙向電力饋送裝置2，以將雙向電力饋送裝置2的作業切換至充電作業，控制裝置3藉以使雙向電力饋送裝置2饋送電力至電動車輛60。因此控制裝置3使雙向電力饋送裝置2優先地對電動車輛60的電池62充電。在完成對電池62的充電後，控制裝置3執行以藉由使用其他直流電力供應源對儲存電池52充電。在完成對儲存電池52的充電後，控制裝置3可經組態以經由直流對交流轉換器(未圖示)，將由直流電力供應源供應的直流電力轉換成交流電力，且經組態以供應至交流裝置。相對的，若來自直流電力供應源的供應電力低於所需電力，則控制裝置3首先使儲存電池52放電。在儲存電池52放電後，控制裝置3將切換訊號供應至雙向電力饋送裝置2，以將雙向電力饋送裝置2的作業切換至饋送作業，控制裝置3藉以使雙向電力饋送裝置2將由電動車輛60的電池62放電的直流電力饋送至直流配電盤1。換言之，當前具體實施例經配置以當來自直流電力供應源的供應電力低於所需電力時，將雙向電力饋送裝置2的作業切換至饋送作業。The control device 3 compares the electric power (supply electric power) from the direct current power supply source with the electric power (required electric power) required on the branch circuit side. If the supplied power from the DC power supply source is higher than the required power, the control device 3 supplies the switching signal to the two-way power feeding device 2 to switch the operation of the two-way power feeding device 2 to the charging operation, whereby the control device 3 makes the two-way The power feeding device 2 feeds electric power to the electric vehicle 60. The control device 3 thus causes the bidirectional power feeding device 2 to preferentially charge the battery 62 of the electric vehicle 60. After the charging of the battery 62 is completed, the control device 3 performs to charge the storage battery 52 by using other DC power supply sources. Upon completion of charging the storage battery 52, the control device 3 can be configured to convert the DC power supplied by the DC power supply to AC power via a DC to AC converter (not shown) and configured to supply To the AC device. In contrast, if the supplied power from the DC power supply source is lower than the required power, the control device 3 first discharges the storage battery 52. After the storage battery 52 is discharged, the control device 3 supplies the switching signal to the bidirectional power feeding device 2 to switch the operation of the bidirectional power feeding device 2 to the feeding operation, whereby the control device 3 causes the bidirectional power feeding device 2 to be operated by the electric vehicle 60. The DC power discharged by the battery 62 is fed to the DC distribution board 1. In other words, the current specific embodiment is configured to switch the operation of the bidirectional power feeding device 2 to the feeding operation when the supplied electric power from the direct current power supply source is lower than the required electric power.
在此具體實施例中，所需電力例如為，連接至配電電路10的負載的作業所需的總電力量。可經由外部設定裝置將所需電力設定至控制裝置3。例如，經由經配置以管理負載作業的家庭伺服器，將所需電力設定至控制裝置3。在此情況下，家庭伺服器與複數負載連接，複數負載之每一者連接至配電電路10的輸出。每個輸出經配置以提供家庭伺服器關於負載自身作業所需電力的資訊。家庭伺服器管理由負載提供的資訊，並計算負載所需的總電力量。家庭伺服器將總電力量做為所需電力而發送至控制裝置3。In this particular embodiment, the required power is, for example, the total amount of power required for the operation of the load connected to the power distribution circuit 10. The required power can be set to the control device 3 via an external setting device. For example, the required power is set to the control device 3 via a home server configured to manage the load operation. In this case, the home server is connected to a plurality of loads, each of which is connected to the output of the power distribution circuit 10. Each output is configured to provide information about the power required by the home server for the load to operate on its own. The home server manages the information provided by the load and calculates the total amount of power required by the load. The home server transmits the total amount of power to the control device 3 as the required power.
在將電動車輛60充電的情況下，當從雙向電力饋送裝置2引出的充電纜線CA的饋送連接器26經連接至電動車輛60的連接器61時，雙向電力饋送裝置2的控制部分23使通訊部分25將充電資訊發送要求提供至電動車輛60側。在此，充電資訊發送要求為發送關於充電電壓與充電電流之充電資訊的要求。當電動車輛60的通訊電路64接收到由雙向電力饋送裝置2發送的充電資訊發送要求時，充電-放電控制電路65使通訊電路64將關於車輛本身充電電壓與充電電流的資訊供應至雙向電力饋送裝置2。在充電資訊經雙向電力饋送裝置2的通訊部分25接收後，雙向電力饋送裝置2的控制部分23基於由通訊部分25接收的充電資訊，與經由介面部分24由控制裝置3獲得的直流電力供應源的電力饋送產能，決定是否可能以直流配電盤1進行電力饋送。且隨後，控制部分23以可能供應的電流值與電動車輛60側要求的電壓值，控制直流對直流轉換器21的輸出，藉以饋送電力至電動車輛60側。In the case where the electric vehicle 60 is charged, when the feed connector 26 of the charging cable CA taken out from the bidirectional power feeding device 2 is connected to the connector 61 of the electric vehicle 60, the control portion 23 of the bidirectional power feeding device 2 makes The communication section 25 supplies a charging information transmission request to the electric vehicle 60 side. Here, the charging information transmission request is a request for transmitting charging information on the charging voltage and the charging current. When the communication circuit 64 of the electric vehicle 60 receives the charging information transmission request transmitted by the bidirectional power feeding device 2, the charging-discharging control circuit 65 causes the communication circuit 64 to supply information about the charging voltage and the charging current of the vehicle itself to the bidirectional power feeding. Device 2. After the charging information is received via the communication portion 25 of the bidirectional power feeding device 2, the control portion 23 of the bidirectional power feeding device 2 is based on the charging information received by the communication portion 25, and the DC power supply source obtained by the control device 3 via the interface portion 24. The power feed capacity determines whether it is possible to power the DC switchboard 1. And then, the control portion 23 controls the output of the DC-DC converter 21 with the current value that may be supplied and the voltage value required by the electric vehicle 60 side, thereby feeding the electric power to the electric vehicle 60 side.
在當前具體實施例中，光伏打設施50、燃料電池51、儲存電池52、與藉由將來自商用交流電力供應源100的交流輸出經由交流對直流轉換器16轉換至直流所獲得的直流電力供應源，被作為用以將直流電力供應至直流配電盤1的直流電力供應源。在當前具體實施例中，控制裝置3自動地執行選擇程序，選擇程序係在複數直流電力供應源中選擇用以饋送電力至電動車輛60的至少一個直流電力供應源。在此具體實施例中，由交流對直流轉換器16饋送的電力可經由設定/顯示裝置4被設定至控制裝置3。例如，由交流對直流轉換器16饋送的電力之上限值經由設定/顯示裝置4被設定至控制裝置3。In the present embodiment, the photovoltaic device 50, the fuel cell 51, the storage battery 52, and the DC power supply obtained by converting the AC output from the commercial AC power supply source 100 to the DC through the AC to DC converter 16 The source is used as a DC power supply source for supplying DC power to the DC distribution board 1. In the presently preferred embodiment, control device 3 automatically performs a selection procedure that selects at least one DC power supply source to feed power to electric vehicle 60 among a plurality of DC power supply sources. In this particular embodiment, the power fed by the AC to DC converter 16 can be set to the control device 3 via the setting/display device 4. For example, the upper limit value of the electric power fed from the alternating current to direct current converter 16 is set to the control device 3 via the setting/display device 4.
例如，在將電動車輛60側的電池62充電的情況下，假定由交流對直流轉換器16(經配置以將商用交流電力供應源100的交流輸入轉換成直流)饋送的電力，藉由使用設定/顯示裝置4被設定為零，存在著太陽光(換言之，由光伏打設施50執行電力產生)，且存在著儲存在儲存電池52中的電力。此外，假定電動車輛60回應於充電資訊發送要求，發送充電電壓為直流300 V、充電電流為20 A(安培)的充電資訊至雙向電力饋送裝置2。隨後，此充電資訊更進一步由雙向電力饋送裝置2發送至控制裝置3。在此，控制裝置3經配置以抓取每個直流電力供應源的電力饋送產能。假定光伏打設施50的電力產生為2000 VA(伏安)、燃料電池51的電力產生為0 VA、儲存電池的電力饋送產能為1000 VA、且無在房屋H內的其他裝置消耗的電力。在此情況下，控制裝置3決定可能饋送至電動車輛60的電力為3000 VA。控制裝置3控制直流對直流轉換器13與直流對直流轉換器15，且藉由使用光伏打設施50與儲存電池52以作為電力供應源，而以充電電壓為300 V且充電電流為10 A的狀態執行饋送電力至電動車輛60。For example, in the case of charging the battery 62 on the side of the electric vehicle 60, it is assumed that the power fed by the AC-to-DC converter 16 (configured to convert the AC input of the commercial AC power supply source 100 into DC) is used by setting The display device 4 is set to zero, there is sunlight (in other words, power generation is performed by the photovoltaic device 50), and there is electric power stored in the storage battery 52. Further, it is assumed that the electric vehicle 60 transmits charging information having a charging voltage of 300 V DC and a charging current of 20 A (amperes) to the bidirectional power feeding device 2 in response to the charging information transmission request. Subsequently, this charging information is further transmitted to the control device 3 by the bidirectional power feeding device 2. Here, the control device 3 is configured to capture the power feed capacity of each DC power supply. It is assumed that the power generation of the photovoltaic plant 50 is 2000 VA (volt-amperes), the power generation of the fuel cell 51 is 0 VA, the power feeding capacity of the storage battery is 1000 VA, and there is no power consumed by other devices in the house H. In this case, the control device 3 determines that the electric power that may be fed to the electric vehicle 60 is 3000 VA. The control device 3 controls the DC-to-DC converter 13 and the DC-to-DC converter 15, and uses the photovoltaic device 50 and the storage battery 52 as a power supply source with a charging voltage of 300 V and a charging current of 10 A. The state performs feeding power to the electric vehicle 60.
接著，假定太陽光不存在而其他狀態係與前述情況相同。在此情況下，控制裝置3決定可能饋送至電動車輛60的電力為1000 VA，其對應於儲存電池52的電力饋送產能。隨後，控制裝置3控制直流對直流轉換器15，且藉由使用儲存電池52以作為電力供應源，而以充電電壓為300 V且充電電流為3.3A的狀態執行饋送電力至電動車輛60。Next, it is assumed that the sunlight does not exist and the other states are the same as described above. In this case, the control device 3 determines that the electric power that may be fed to the electric vehicle 60 is 1000 VA, which corresponds to the power feeding capacity of the storage battery 52. Subsequently, the control device 3 controls the DC-DC converter 15 and performs feeding power to the electric vehicle 60 in a state where the charging voltage is 300 V and the charging current is 3.3 A by using the storage battery 52 as a power supply source.
接著，假定由交流對直流轉換器16(經配置以將商用交流電力供應源100的交流輸入轉換成直流)饋送的電力被設定為1000 VA，不存在太陽光，且存在儲存於儲存電池52中的電力且其電力饋送產能為1000 VA。在此情況下，控制裝置3決定可能饋送至電動車輛60的電力為2000 VA。隨後，控制裝置3控制直流對直流轉換器15與交流對直流轉換器16，且藉由使用交流對直流轉換器16(經配置以將商用交流電力供應源100的交流輸入轉換成直流)與儲存電池52以作為電力供應源，而以充電電壓為300 V且充電電流為6.6 A的狀態執行饋送電力至電動車輛60。Next, assume that the power fed by the AC-to-DC converter 16 (configured to convert the AC input of the commercial AC power supply source 100 into DC) is set to 1000 VA, there is no sunlight, and there is stored in the storage battery 52. Electricity and its power feeding capacity is 1000 VA. In this case, the control device 3 determines that the electric power that may be fed to the electric vehicle 60 is 2000 VA. Subsequently, the control device 3 controls the DC-to-DC converter 15 and the AC-to-DC converter 16, and by using an AC-to-DC converter 16 (configured to convert the AC input of the commercial AC power supply source 100 into DC) and stored The battery 52 is supplied with electric power to the electric vehicle 60 in a state where the charging voltage is 300 V and the charging current is 6.6 A as a power supply source.
在此，控制裝置3經配置以基於先前配置之選擇規則，自動地選擇至少一個最佳化的直流電力供應源。然而，任何優先地用以饋送電力的直流電力供應源種類，可藉由使用設定/顯示裝置4設定至控制裝置3。Here, the control device 3 is configured to automatically select at least one optimized DC power supply source based on a previously configured selection rule. However, any type of DC power supply source that is preferentially used to feed power can be set to the control device 3 by using the setting/display device 4.
如上文描述的方法將來自直流配電盤1的直流電力供應至電動車輛60側，且電池62係經由電動車輛60的充電-放電電路63而充電。在此，若來自直流電力供應源的電力饋送停止，控制裝置3經由雙向電力饋送裝置2發送切換訊號至電動車輛60。且隨後，電動車輛60的充電-放電電路63使電池62放電，藉以將來自電池62的直流電力供應至直流配電盤1側。The DC power from the DC distribution board 1 is supplied to the electric vehicle 60 side by the method as described above, and the battery 62 is charged via the charge-discharge circuit 63 of the electric vehicle 60. Here, if the power feeding from the DC power supply source is stopped, the control device 3 transmits the switching signal to the electric vehicle 60 via the bidirectional power feeding device 2. And then, the charge-discharge circuit 63 of the electric vehicle 60 discharges the battery 62, thereby supplying DC power from the battery 62 to the DC switchboard 1 side.
例如，假定在夜間等等的狀態，電動車輛60正被充電，藉由使用設定/顯示裝置4將商用交流電力供應源100的電力轉換設定在最小值，且電動車輛60隔天所計畫的行駛里程設定為50公里。因為光伏打設施50在夜間不產生電力，當前的電力饋送系統藉由使用燃料電池51與儲存電池52作為電力供應源，同時將電動車輛60充電且饋送電力至房屋H中的負載。若燃料電池51與儲存電池52所結合的電力饋送產能低於房屋中負載所需的電力，則控制裝置3輸出切換訊號至雙向電力饋送裝置2，將雙向電力饋送裝置2的作業從將電動車輛60的電池62充電的充電作業，改變為將電池62放電的放電作業(饋送作業)。雙向電力饋送裝置2將切換訊號發送至電動車輛60。隨後，電動車輛60的充電-放電控制電路65基於由通訊電路64接收的切換訊號，使充電-放電電路63執行放電作業(饋送作業)，且藉以使儲存在電池62內的直流電力經由電力線L3放電至雙向電力饋送裝置2。在雙向電力饋送裝置2中，在此時，根據由控制裝置3輸入的切換訊號，控制部分23不僅使直流對直流轉換器的作業停止，亦使直流對直流轉換器22將來自電動車輛60的直流電壓(例如300 V)轉換成符合房屋電力線的傳輸電壓值(例如350 V)，且將電壓輸出至直流電力線L1。因此，當前電力饋送系統可藉由使用電動車輛60的電池62作為電力供應源，以供應房屋H中的負載。For example, it is assumed that the electric vehicle 60 is being charged at the night or the like, and the power conversion of the commercial alternating current power supply source 100 is set to a minimum value by using the setting/display device 4, and the electric vehicle 60 is planned every other day. The mileage is set to 50 kilometers. Since the photovoltaic installation 50 does not generate electricity at night, the current power feeding system uses the fuel cell 51 and the storage battery 52 as a power supply source while charging the electric vehicle 60 and feeding power to the load in the house H. If the power feeding capacity combined with the fuel cell 51 and the storage battery 52 is lower than the power required for the load in the house, the control device 3 outputs a switching signal to the bidirectional power feeding device 2, and the operation of the bidirectional power feeding device 2 is from the electric vehicle. The charging operation of charging the battery 62 of 60 is changed to a discharging operation (feeding operation) of discharging the battery 62. The bidirectional power feeding device 2 transmits the switching signal to the electric vehicle 60. Subsequently, the charge-discharge control circuit 65 of the electric vehicle 60 causes the charge-discharge circuit 63 to perform a discharge operation (feeding operation) based on the switching signal received by the communication circuit 64, and thereby causes the direct-current power stored in the battery 62 to pass through the power line L3. Discharge to the bidirectional power feeding device 2. In the bidirectional power feeding device 2, at this time, based on the switching signal input from the control device 3, the control portion 23 not only stops the operation of the DC-to-DC converter, but also causes the DC-to-DC converter 22 to come from the electric vehicle 60. The DC voltage (for example, 300 V) is converted into a transmission voltage value (for example, 350 V) in accordance with the house power line, and the voltage is output to the DC power line L1. Therefore, the current power feeding system can supply the load in the house H by using the battery 62 of the electric vehicle 60 as a power supply source.
同時，當使用設定/顯示裝置4設定隔天所計畫的行駛里程時，控制裝置3經由雙向電力饋送裝置2將關於計畫行駛里程的設定資訊發送至電動車輛。電動車輛60的充電-放電控制電路65基於來自雙向電力饋送裝置2的設定資訊，決定計畫行駛里程所需的必要電池位準。在根據由雙向電力饋送裝置2輸入的切換訊號以啟動電池62的放電後，充電-放電控制電路65比較電池62的剩餘電池位準與必要電池位準。若電池62的剩餘電池位準低於必要電池位準，則充電-放電控制電路65自動地控制充電-放電電路63以停止電池62的放電。因此，可確保駕駛計畫行駛里程所必要的電池位準。Meanwhile, when the set mileage is set using the setting/display device 4, the control device 3 transmits setting information on the planned mileage to the electric vehicle via the bidirectional power feeding device 2. The charge-discharge control circuit 65 of the electric vehicle 60 determines the necessary battery level required to plan the mileage based on the setting information from the two-way power feeding device 2. After starting the discharge of the battery 62 based on the switching signal input by the bidirectional power feeding device 2, the charge-discharge control circuit 65 compares the remaining battery level of the battery 62 with the necessary battery level. If the remaining battery level of the battery 62 is lower than the necessary battery level, the charge-discharge control circuit 65 automatically controls the charge-discharge circuit 63 to stop the discharge of the battery 62. Therefore, it is possible to ensure the battery level necessary for driving the driving mileage.
此外，充電-放電控制電路65經配置以當電池62的放電停止時，使通訊電路64發送充電停止訊號，以向雙向電力饋送裝置2報告充電停止。在接收到充電停止訊號時，雙向電力饋送裝置2使直流對直流轉換器22的作業停止，亦使介面部分24發送充電停止訊號至控制裝置3。當控制裝置3接收到充電停止訊號時，為了補償由電動車輛60停止放電所造成的電力差額，控制裝置3使交流對直流轉換器16工作，且控制裝置3藉以使交流對直流轉換器16將來自商用交流電力源100的交流電力轉換成直流電力，且使用直流電力供應儲存電池52與負載。Further, the charge-discharge control circuit 65 is configured to cause the communication circuit 64 to transmit a charge stop signal when the discharge of the battery 62 is stopped to report the charge stop to the bidirectional power feed device 2. Upon receiving the charging stop signal, the bidirectional power feeding device 2 stops the operation of the DC-to-DC converter 22, and also causes the interface portion 24 to transmit a charging stop signal to the control device 3. When the control device 3 receives the charging stop signal, in order to compensate for the power difference caused by the stop of the discharge by the electric vehicle 60, the control device 3 causes the AC to DC converter 16 to operate, and the control device 3 thereby causes the AC to DC converter 16 to The AC power from the commercial AC power source 100 is converted into DC power, and the storage battery 52 and the load are supplied using DC power.
在當前電力饋送系統中，即使在將電動車輛60的電池62放電以使用放電電力供應房屋H的直流配電系統時，發生了過電流及/或漏電，房屋H中的負載將受接地漏電斷路器(未圖示)及/或安排在直流配電盤1中的直流斷路器12的保護。In the current power feeding system, even when the battery 62 of the electric vehicle 60 is discharged to use the DC power distribution system of the discharge power supply house H, an overcurrent and/or a leakage occurs, and the load in the house H is subject to the earth leakage circuit breaker. (not shown) and/or protection of the DC circuit breaker 12 arranged in the DC distribution board 1.
如上文所解釋者，在此用於電動車輛之電力饋送系統中，當將電動車輛60的電池62充電時，經由雙向電力饋送裝置2將來自直流配電盤1的直流電力供應至電動車輛60。因此，不需在電動車輛60側中將交流轉換成直流。所以不產生將交流轉換成直流所造成的轉換損耗。此外，當將電動車輛60的電池62放電以由電動車力60側饋送電力時，雙向電力饋送裝置2使用儲存在電動車輛60的電池62中的直流電力供應直流配電盤。因此，不需將來自電動車輛的直流電力轉換成交流電力。所以不產生將直流轉換成交流所造成的轉換損耗。因此，可有效率地使用電力。As explained above, in the power feeding system for an electric vehicle herein, when the battery 62 of the electric vehicle 60 is charged, the direct current power from the direct current distribution board 1 is supplied to the electric vehicle 60 via the bidirectional power feeding device 2. Therefore, it is not necessary to convert the alternating current into direct current in the side of the electric vehicle 60. Therefore, the conversion loss caused by converting the alternating current into direct current is not generated. Further, when the battery 62 of the electric vehicle 60 is discharged to feed electric power from the electric vehicle force 60 side, the bidirectional power feeding device 2 supplies the DC distribution board using the direct current power stored in the battery 62 of the electric vehicle 60. Therefore, it is not necessary to convert DC power from an electric vehicle into AC power. Therefore, the conversion loss caused by converting direct current into alternating current is not generated. Therefore, power can be used efficiently.
在前述用於電動車輛的電力饋送系統中，可使用由電動車輛60的電池62放電的直流電力將儲存電池52充電。在此配置中，儲存在電動車輛60的電池62的直流電力可有效率的被房屋H中的負載使用。In the aforementioned power feeding system for an electric vehicle, the storage battery 52 can be charged using DC power discharged by the battery 62 of the electric vehicle 60. In this configuration, the DC power stored in the battery 62 of the electric vehicle 60 can be efficiently used by the load in the house H.
在前述用於電動車輛的電力饋送系統中，雙向電力饋送裝置2包含兩個直流對直流轉換器21、22。直流對直流轉換器21經配置以在充電時執行對房屋側供應之直流電力的電壓轉換，以供應電動車輛60側。直流對直流轉換器22經配置以在放電時執行對電動車輛60供應之直流電力的轉換，以供應房屋側。然而，如第2圖所示，雙向電力饋送裝置2可包含一個直流對直流轉換器27，其可為來自房屋側的充電與來自車輛側的放電所共用。直流對直流轉換器27經配置如此，以使其作業係由來自控制部分23的控制訊號控制。直流對直流轉換器27經配置以在充電時，執行對分支斷路器(直流斷路器)12供應之直流電力的電壓轉換，以供應電動車輛側。直流對直流轉換器27亦經配置以在放電時，執行對電動車輛60供應之直流電力電壓值的轉換，以供應房屋側(協作控制部分11)。In the aforementioned power feeding system for an electric vehicle, the bidirectional power feeding device 2 includes two DC to DC converters 21, 22. The DC-to-DC converter 21 is configured to perform voltage conversion of DC power supplied to the house side at the time of charging to supply the electric vehicle 60 side. The DC-to-DC converter 22 is configured to perform a conversion of DC power supplied to the electric vehicle 60 upon discharge to supply the house side. However, as shown in Fig. 2, the bidirectional power feeding device 2 may include a DC to DC converter 27 which may be used for charging from the house side and discharging from the vehicle side. The DC-to-DC converter 27 is configured such that its operation is controlled by a control signal from the control section 23. The DC-to-DC converter 27 is configured to perform voltage conversion of DC power supplied to the branch breaker (DC breaker) 12 to supply the electric vehicle side upon charging. The DC-to-DC converter 27 is also configured to perform conversion of the DC power voltage value supplied to the electric vehicle 60 at the time of discharge to supply the house side (coordination control portion 11).
雖然已參照特定較佳具體實施例以描述本發明，在本發明領域中具有通常知識者可進行多種修改與變化，而不脫離本發明之真實精神與範圍，亦即申請專利範圍。While the invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the invention.
1．．．直流配電盤1. . . DC switchboard
2．．．雙向電力饋送裝置2. . . Two-way power feeding device
3．．．控制裝置3. . . Control device
4．．．設定/顯示裝置4. . . Setting/display device
10．．．配電電路10. . . Distribution circuit
11．．．協作控制部分11. . . Collaborative control section
12．．．直流斷路器12. . . DC circuit breaker
13．．．直流對直流轉換器13. . . DC to DC converter
14．．．直流對直流轉換器14. . . DC to DC converter
15．．．直流對直流轉換器15. . . DC to DC converter
16．．．交流對直流轉換器16. . . AC to DC converter
21．．．直流對直流轉換器twenty one. . . DC to DC converter
22．．．直流對直流轉換器twenty two. . . DC to DC converter
23．．．控制部分twenty three. . . Control section
24．．．介面部分twenty four. . . Interface part
25．．．通訊部分25. . . Communication part
26．．．饋送連接器26. . . Feed connector
27．．．直流對直流轉換器27. . . DC to DC converter
50．．．光伏打設施50. . . Photovoltaic installation
51．．．燃料電池51. . . The fuel cell
52．．．儲存電池52. . . Storage battery
60．．．電動車輛60. . . Electric vehicle
61．．．連接器61. . . Connector
62．．．電池62. . . battery
63．．．充電-放電電路63. . . Charge-discharge circuit
64．．．通訊電路64. . . Communication circuit
65．．．充電-放電控制電路65. . . Charge-discharge control circuit
100．．．商用交流電力供應源100. . . Commercial AC power supply
H．．．房屋H. . . houses
CA．．．充電纜線CA. . . Charging cable
L1．．．直流電力線L1. . . DC power line
L2．．．直流電力線L2. . . DC power line
L3．．．電力線L3. . . power line
L4．．．通訊線L4. . . Communication line
現將更進一步詳細地描述本發明的較佳具體實施例。考慮以上的實施方式與附加圖式，將可更瞭解本發明的其他特徵與優點，在附加圖式中：Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail. Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent in consideration of the above embodiments and the appended drawings.
第1圖為圖示本發明一具體實施例的系統架構的簡圖；1 is a block diagram showing a system architecture of an embodiment of the present invention;
第2圖為圖示本發明另一具體實施例的系統架構的簡圖。Figure 2 is a simplified diagram showing the system architecture of another embodiment of the present invention.
1．．．直流配電盤1. . . DC switchboard
2．．．雙向電力饋送裝置2. . . Two-way power feeding device
3．．．控制裝置3. . . Control device
4．．．設定/顯示裝置4. . . Setting/display device
10．．．配電電路10. . . Distribution circuit
11．．．協作控制部分11. . . Collaborative control section
12．．．直流斷路器12. . . DC circuit breaker
13．．．直流對直流轉換器13. . . DC to DC converter
14．．．直流對直流轉換器14. . . DC to DC converter
15．．．直流對直流轉換器15. . . DC to DC converter
16．．．交流對直流轉換器16. . . AC to DC converter
21．．．直流對直流轉換器twenty one. . . DC to DC converter
22．．．直流對直流轉換器twenty two. . . DC to DC converter
23．．．控制部分twenty three. . . Control section
24．．．介面部分twenty four. . . Interface part
25．．．通訊部分25. . . Communication part
26．．．饋送連接器26. . . Feed connector
50．．．光伏打設施50. . . Photovoltaic installation
51．．．燃料電池51. . . The fuel cell
52．．．儲存電池52. . . Storage battery
60．．．電動車輛60. . . Electric vehicle
61．．．連接器61. . . Connector
62．．．電池62. . . battery
63．．．充電-放電電路63. . . Charge-discharge circuit
64．．．通訊電路64. . . Communication circuit
65．．．充電-放電控制電路65. . . Charge-discharge control circuit
100．．．商用交流電力供應源100. . . Commercial AC power supply
H．．．房屋H. . . houses
CA．．．充電纜線CA. . . Charging cable
L1．．．直流電力線L1. . . DC power line
L2．．．直流電力線L2. . . DC power line
L3．．．電力線L3. . . power line
L4．．．通訊線L4. . . Communication line
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009289706A JP5724053B2 (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2009-12-21 | Electric vehicle power supply system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201127666A TW201127666A (en) | 2011-08-16 |
| TWI417203B true TWI417203B (en) | 2013-12-01 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW099144791A TWI417203B (en) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-12-20 | Power feed system for electric vehicle |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5724053B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101437019B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102668312B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI417203B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011078397A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2011078397A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
| KR20120107969A (en) | 2012-10-04 |
| CN102668312B (en) | 2015-05-06 |
| CN102668312A (en) | 2012-09-12 |
| JP2011130647A (en) | 2011-06-30 |
| JP5724053B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 |
| KR101437019B1 (en) | 2014-09-02 |
| TW201127666A (en) | 2011-08-16 |
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