TWI403415B - 創傷防護包 - Google Patents
創傷防護包 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI403415B TWI403415B TW95122199A TW95122199A TWI403415B TW I403415 B TWI403415 B TW I403415B TW 95122199 A TW95122199 A TW 95122199A TW 95122199 A TW95122199 A TW 95122199A TW I403415 B TWI403415 B TW I403415B
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- thermoplastic material
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
- F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/024—Woven fabric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H1/00—Personal protection gear
- F41H1/02—Armoured or projectile- or missile-resistant garments; Composite protection fabrics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/02—2 layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
- B32B2262/0207—Elastomeric fibres
- B32B2262/0215—Thermoplastic elastomer fibers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/514—Oriented
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/54—Yield strength; Tensile strength
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
- B32B2571/02—Protective equipment defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
- Y10T442/2615—Coating or impregnation is resistant to penetration by solid implements
- Y10T442/2623—Ballistic resistant
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3008—Woven fabric has an elastic quality
- Y10T442/3016—Including a preformed layer other than the elastic woven fabric [e.g., fabric or film or foil or sheet layer, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3854—Woven fabric with a preformed polymeric film or sheet
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於一種創傷防護包,其包括至少一片塑膠材料及至少一層附加於此片且由紗(具有拉伸強度為至少900 MPa之纖維)製成之織布層。
GB-A-2 234 156號專利揭示一種用於撓性身體護具之創傷復原包,其使用一片塑膠材料。一層防彈布附加於塑膠材料之至少一側。布可藉點黏或較佳為藉由以螺旋圖案縫合而附加於塑膠材料。塑膠片較佳為由聚丙烯組成。縫合於防彈布上之聚丙烯片係用於撓性保護衣物組合多層防彈布,片係位於布層後方,即面對穿戴者之身體。如果聚丙烯片在僅一側上具有防彈布層,則布層應面對穿戴者身體。聚丙烯片之厚度較佳為1.5毫米,而且布較佳為每單位面積之質量為300克/平方米之芳族聚醯胺紗。
在撞擊含有含多層防彈布防護包之保護衣物時,子彈不穿透布防護包但使其嚴重地變形,造成對保護衣物穿戴者之創傷傷害。GB-A-2 234 156號專利揭示之附加防彈布層的塑膠材料片據稱降低此創傷效應。
本發明之目的因此為提供一種起初所述型式之創傷防護包,其可進一步降低創傷效應。
此目的係藉一種創傷防護包達成,其包括至少一片塑膠材料片及至少一層附加於此片且由紗(具有拉伸強度為至少900 MPa之纖維)製成之織布層,其中片之塑膠材料為由聚烯烴聚合物之纖絲、纖維、帶、或條製成之多層布層組成的自我強化熱塑性材料,其彼此緊密接觸且在高溫藉聚合物之部份熔融及後續壓縮而彼此黏結,及其中至少一層織布層係將其全部表面黏結自我強化熱塑性材料。
此類自我強化熱塑性材料亦稱為熱緊壓自我強化熱塑性材料。如果聚烯烴聚合物為其中例如纖絲、纖維、帶、或條係以抽拉形式存在之經定向聚烯烴聚合物,則特別有利。
聚烯烴聚合物係選自聚丙烯同元聚合物,其為主要含聚丙烯之共聚物;或聚乙烯同元聚合物,其為主要含聚乙烯之共聚物;或其混合物。
織布將其全部表面黏結自我強化熱塑性材料,較佳為藉層合,而織布亦可藉熱塑性薄膜層合至自我強化熱塑性材料上。如果將織布於自我強化熱塑性材料上之層合整合至自我強化熱塑性材料之製程中,如此達成創傷防護包以單一程序步驟之有效率製造,則特別有利。此外,將其全部表面黏結自我強化熱塑性材料之織布可具有額外之自我強化熱塑性材料片。例如在層合前可將一層織布置於熱塑性材料層之間,而且以單一操作將其全部表面黏結塑膠材料之兩側。
拉伸強度為至少900 MPa(如ASTM D-885中所指定而測定)之纖維較佳為由芳族聚醯胺、超高分子量聚乙烯、超高分子量聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯腈、聚苯并唑、聚苯并噻唑、或玻璃纖維製成之纖維,較佳之纖維為芳族聚醯胺纖維,特別是由聚(對伸苯基對酞醯胺)製造者,例如由Teijin Twaron GmbH以商標名TWARON銷售者。這些纖維之紗經處理成織布,其為紡織布形式對本發明較佳。
自我強化熱塑性材料較佳為具有5至15%,最佳為8至11%之對角伸長。
此外,創傷防護包可插入或置於含由紗(具有拉伸強度為至少900 MPa之纖維)製成之多層的防護包後方。
本發明之創傷防護包可用於製造身體護具,如護脛,而且特別適合用於防彈衣。
由經定向熱塑性纖維製成之自我強化熱塑性材料係得自Propex Fabrics GmbH之商標名Curv。然而,已知此市售產品仍不適用於本發明之目的。
本發明現在藉實例而詳述。
在以下之實例中調查創傷效應,其中將先行技藝及本發明之創傷防護包置於24層TWARONCT 709(930 dtex f1000,平織,每公分10.5條經緯線,每單位面積之質量為200克/平方米)之防護包後方。實例中在將由拉伸強度為至少900 MPa之纖維紗製成的織布黏結塑膠材料之情形,創傷防護包係以織布面對穿戴者身體(即背對撞擊方向)之方式,置於24層TWARONCT 709之防護包後方。在實例2中,使用一層TWARONT 751(3360 dtex f2000,平織,每公分4.5條經緯線,每單位面積之質量為300克/平方米)作為黏結塑膠材料之織布。在實例3、5、6、7、及9中,使用之布為上述之TWARONCT 707(930 dtex f1000,平織,每公分8.5條經緯線,每單位面積之質量為160克/平方米)。
在此實例中,在下述之防彈測試中測試無額外創傷防護包之24層TWARONCT 709。
依照GB-A-2 234 156號專利之較佳具體實施例,將由1.5毫米厚聚丙烯片與以螺旋圖案縫合至一側上之TWARONT751布組成的創傷防護包置於24層TWARONCT 709之防護包後方。創傷防護包係以縫合布層背對撞擊方向之方式安置。
與實例2相反,創傷防護包係由兩片各厚0.75毫米之聚丙烯片組成,將單層TWARONCT 707布層以螺旋圖案縫合至各片上。
創傷防護包係由兩片商標名Curv之市售自我強化熱塑性材料的塑膠片組成,其包括緊壓在一起之聚丙烯帶之布層。各塑膠片具有0.6毫米之厚度。
此實例使用兩片由經定向聚丙烯帶之緊壓布層製成之塑膠片,將一層TWARONCT 707層合至各片上。經布層合之自我強化塑膠材料片的厚度為0.85毫米。然而,為了本發明之目的,其修改抽拉聚丙烯帶緊壓布層之自我強化材料的製程,代替使用實例4所使用之商標名Curv的市售材料。將TWARONCT 707布層於各片上之層合整合至製程中。其使用四層抽拉聚丙烯帶之布(Propex fabric 97 9 393 100)製造本發明之創傷防護包。此布之帶係藉由分割聚丙烯薄膜而製造。然後將條抽拉且紡織成斜紋。然後將布層(厚50微米之聚丙烯薄膜與一層TWARONCT 707布)同時在預熱至180℃之靜態壓機(得自Schwabenthan之POLYSTAT 400S)中緊壓。緊壓壓力為18.8巴。將重疊層在此壓力及溫度維持25分鐘。繼而維持壓力而冷卻15分鐘至約40℃之溫度。然後將緊壓材料自壓機移除且在空氣中不施壓而冷卻至室溫。
創傷防護包係以層合布層背對撞擊方向之方式置於24層防彈層後方。
測試另一種本發明之創傷防護包,其係由兩片各厚0.85毫米之自我強化塑膠片(由經定向聚丙烯條緊壓布層製成)製成,將一層TWARONCT 707層合至各片上。其係如實例5所述而製造。
將實例6之創傷防護包置於19層TWARONCT 709布防彈層後方,使得布層層合至兩片自我強化塑膠材料各面對撞擊方向之一側上。將另外5層防彈布置於創傷防護包後方。
自實例6之創傷防護包,其係由兩片其上各層合一層TWARONCT 707之自我強化聚丙烯組成,移除先前層合之布層。
在此實例中,再度將一層TWARONCT 707以螺旋圖案縫合至兩片已如實例8移除層合布層之各片上。創傷防護包係以縫合布層背對撞擊方向之方式置於24層防彈層後方。
表1比較市售產品Curv(實例4)與在實例5及6中依照本發明使用之自我強化熱塑性材料(在已移除先前層合之TWARON布層後)的縱向與橫向撕裂阻力、縱向與橫向伸長、縱向與橫向拉伸模數、及對角伸長之機械性質,其係依照DIN EN ISO 527-3測量。為了測定對角伸長,將測試片以測試片中聚丙烯條對測試所施加負擔之方向為45°之方式切割。示於表1之對角伸長表示6次個別測量之平均。所示之其他機械性質各為5次個別測量之平均。在各情形顯示標準差。
這些資料顯示市售產品Curv具有令人驚奇之較用於本發明之自我強化熱塑性材料高的對角伸長。相較於市售產品,用於本發明之材料則撕裂阻力及伸長優異,但是拉伸模數較低。
在另外之測試中,測量測試樣本所吸收之能量及所得變形而調查材料之撞擊強度。測試係依照ASTM D 5628實行。為了實行測試,自測試樣品之不同部份取得5片面積為1 dm2
之圓形測試片。測試係以得自Instrom之Dynatyp 9250 G測試裝置實行,其已對儀器撞擊測試校正。使用直徑為19.5毫米之半球體作為撞擊體。使用之總重量為24.3公斤。降落重量係自0.23米之高度釋放通過導引管至以氣力保持器鉗夾之測試片上。保持器具有40毫米之開口,半球體可經其衝撞測試樣本。這些設定在觸發機構作用後之撞擊體與測試樣本的最早接觸造成最大55焦耳之撞擊能量及2.13米/秒之速度。在此測試中測定穿透測試樣本所需之力量及能量、測試樣本損壞前經過之時間、及損壞變形。
各實例係使用單層自我強化熱塑性材料。對於其中未如實例8移除層合布層之實例5及6的測試樣本,使用104焦耳之最大撞擊能量。以半球體衝撞自我強化熱塑性材料而測試具層合布層之單層自我強化熱塑性材料。表2所示之值表示5次個別測量之平均。
此表顯示,即使無層合布層,依照本發明使用之自我強化熱塑性材料的撞擊強度顯著地高於市售產品。
已知子彈對撞擊方向相反側造成之變形為創傷之測度。將防彈布層之防護包(創傷防護包係如應用時位於其後方或之間)置於一層Weible塑泥上及接受防彈測試。在以下之實例中,使用之子彈為0.357 Magnum JSP,子彈速度為約440米/秒,各防護包接受8鎗。4鎗朝向防護包外部區域,其餘4鎗朝向內部區域。測量各鎗在塑泥中造成之穿透深度,而且由其測定在外部區域之4個穿透深度的平均及在內部區域之4個穿透深度的平均。
表3顯示在以上實例之創傷防護包的防彈測試後,在外部區域及內部區域之平均值,及防護包之每單位面積的大約質量。比較例在表中以星號標示。
表3之資料顯示,相較於僅包括防彈布層之防護包(實例1),先行技藝創傷防護包(實例2及3)僅在內部區域降低創傷,而對於外部區域之撞擊則幾乎無改良。即使是兩層市售自我強化熱塑性材料(實例4)亦僅在內部區域降低創傷。相反地,依照本發明使用之熱塑性材料在移除起初層合布層後(實例8)已顯示顯著降低創傷。其如先行技藝(實例9)以螺旋圖案縫合於布層上而稍微改良。然而,實例5、6及7之本發明創傷防護包在內部區域及外部區域均顯示最低創傷值。
Claims (13)
- 一種創傷防護包,其包括至少一片塑膠材料片及至少一層附加於此片且由具有拉伸強度為至少900 MPa之纖維之紗製成之織布層,其中該片塑膠材料為由聚烯烴聚合物之纖絲、纖維、帶、或條製成之多層布層組成的自我強化熱塑性材料,其彼此緊密接觸且在高溫藉聚合物之部份熔融及後續壓縮而彼此黏結,及至少一層織布層係將其全部表面黏結自我強化熱塑性材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之創傷防護包,其中該聚烯烴聚合物為經定向聚烯烴聚合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之創傷防護包,其中該聚烯烴聚合物係選自聚丙烯同元聚合物,主要含聚丙烯之共聚物;聚乙烯同元聚合物,主要含聚乙烯之共聚物;或其混合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之創傷防護包,其中該織布係藉層合將其全部表面黏結自我強化熱塑性材料。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之創傷防護包,其中該織布係藉熱塑性薄膜層合至自我強化熱塑性材料上。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之創傷防護包,其中將織布於自我強化熱塑性材料上之層合整合至自我強化熱塑性材料之製程中。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之創傷防護包,其中將其全部表面黏結自我強化熱塑性材料之織布設置額外之自我 強化熱塑性材料片。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之創傷防護包,其中該拉伸強度為至少900 MPa之纖維係由芳族聚醯胺、超高分子量聚乙烯、超高分子量聚丙烯、聚乙烯醇、聚丙烯腈、聚苯并唑、聚苯并噻唑、或玻璃纖維組成。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之創傷防護包,其中該自我強化熱塑性材料具有5至15%之對角伸長。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之創傷防護包,其中將其插入含由具有拉伸強度為至少900 MPa之纖維之紗製成之多層的防護包。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之創傷防護包,其中將其置於含由具有拉伸強度為至少900 MPa之纖維之紗製成之多層的防護包後方。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第1或2項之創傷防護包之用途,其係用於製造身體護具。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第1或2項之創傷防護包之用途,其係用於製造防彈衣。
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ZA200711160B (en) | 2008-10-29 |
AU2006261248B2 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
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CA2612216C (en) | 2014-02-04 |
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AU2006261248A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
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RU2008102372A (ru) | 2009-07-27 |
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