TWI401401B - Apparatus and method for controlling flow and thermal condition - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for controlling flow and thermal condition Download PDF

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TWI401401B
TWI401401B TW99123454A TW99123454A TWI401401B TW I401401 B TWI401401 B TW I401401B TW 99123454 A TW99123454 A TW 99123454A TW 99123454 A TW99123454 A TW 99123454A TW I401401 B TWI401401 B TW I401401B
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thermal comfort
air
heat flow
preset
wind speed
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TW99123454A
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TW201205007A (en
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Hsin Hung Lee
Pei Yu Peng
Chien Yuan Chen
Wei Ming Chen
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Ind Tech Res Inst
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Description

熱流情境的控制裝置及方法Heat flow situation control device and method

本揭露是有關於一種熱流情境的控制裝置及方法。The present disclosure relates to a control device and method for a heat flow scenario.

為因應高科技資訊化時代的來臨,現今建築物已逐步採用智慧化與自動化的技術,而情境控制為當前智慧建築所強調的一部份。然而,當前的情境控制技術大都著重在燈光、聲音或影像的擬真度,而未考量熱流環境的控制。然而,現今市面上對於熱流環境的控制技術,著重於調節空氣流動速度及室內溫度以維持人們所感受的熱舒適度(亦即維持PMV值於0附近)。是故,現行熱流環境控制技術並不適用於智慧建築或情境擬真遊戲等智慧環境控制系統中各種擬真環境的熱流控制需求。In response to the advent of the era of high-tech information, today's buildings have gradually adopted intelligent and automated technologies, and situational control is part of the current smart building. However, current situational control techniques mostly focus on the fidelity of lighting, sound or image, but do not consider the control of the heat flow environment. However, today's control technologies for heat flow environments focus on adjusting the air flow rate and room temperature to maintain the thermal comfort experienced by people (ie, maintaining a PMV value near zero). Therefore, the current heat flow environment control technology is not suitable for the heat flow control requirements of various immersive environments in smart environment control systems such as smart buildings or situational immersive games.

本揭露係有關於一種熱流情境的控制裝置及方法,藉由簡化的熱舒適度函數並搭配不同場景下的情境指令,可快速控制環境的溫度與氣流,達到即時且擬真的智慧環境控制效果。The disclosure relates to a heat flow situation control device and method, which can quickly control the temperature and airflow of the environment by using a simplified thermal comfort function and contextual instructions in different scenarios to achieve an instant and immersive intelligent environment control effect. .

根據本揭露之第一方面,提出一種熱流情境的控制裝置,包括一控制器、一冷氣源、一閥件、一加熱器以及一供氣裝置。控制器用以定義一簡化熱舒適度函數,簡化熱舒適度函數的可指派參數包括一熱舒適度、一空氣溫度及一風速。控制器依據一情境指令設定一預設熱舒適度及一預設風速,並依據簡化熱舒適度函數、預設熱舒適度及預設風速得到一期望空氣溫度。冷氣源用以提供一冷空氣。閥件用以受控於該控制器以控制冷空氣的流量。閥件與供氣裝置連動並受控於控制器用以供給冷空氣。加熱器用以受控於控制器將冷空氣加熱為達到期望空氣溫度的空氣。供氣裝置用以受控於控制器以預設風速從供氣裝置送出達到期望空氣溫度的空氣。According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a control device for a heat flow scenario is provided, comprising a controller, a cold air source, a valve member, a heater, and a gas supply device. The controller is used to define a simplified thermal comfort function that simplifies the assignable parameters of the thermal comfort function including a thermal comfort, an air temperature, and a wind speed. The controller sets a preset thermal comfort and a preset wind speed according to a situational instruction, and obtains a desired air temperature according to the simplified thermal comfort function, the preset thermal comfort, and the preset wind speed. A cold air source is used to provide a cool air. A valve member is used to control the controller to control the flow of cold air. The valve member is coupled to the air supply device and is controlled by the controller for supplying cold air. The heater is used to control the controller to heat the cold air to the air that reaches the desired air temperature. The air supply device is configured to control the air that is sent from the air supply device to the desired air temperature at a preset wind speed.

根據本揭露之第二方面,提出一種熱流情境的控制方法,包括下列步驟。定義一簡化熱舒適度函數,簡化熱舒適度函數的可指派參數包括一熱舒適度、一空氣溫度及一風速。依據一情境指令設定一預設熱舒適度及一預設風速。依據簡化熱舒適度函數、預設熱舒適度及預設風速得到一期望空氣溫度。控制一加熱器以將一冷空氣加熱為達到期望空氣溫度的空氣。According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a method for controlling a heat flow scenario is provided, comprising the following steps. A simplification of the thermal comfort function is defined, and the assignable parameters that simplify the thermal comfort function include a thermal comfort, an air temperature, and a wind speed. A preset thermal comfort and a preset wind speed are set according to a situational command. A desired air temperature is obtained based on a simplified thermal comfort function, preset thermal comfort, and preset wind speed. A heater is controlled to heat a cold air to the air that reaches the desired air temperature.

為讓本揭露之上述內容能更明顯易懂,下文特舉一較佳實施例,並配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下:In order to make the above content of the present disclosure more obvious and understandable, a preferred embodiment will be described below, and in conjunction with the drawings, a detailed description is as follows:

本揭露提出一種熱流情境的控制裝置及方法,藉由簡化的熱舒適度函數並搭配不同場景下的情境指令,可快速得到期望空氣溫度及預設風速以控制環境的溫度與氣流,達到即時且擬真的智慧環境控制效果。The present disclosure proposes a heat flow situation control device and method. By simplifying the thermal comfort function and matching the situational instructions in different scenarios, the desired air temperature and the preset wind speed can be quickly obtained to control the temperature and airflow of the environment, and the instant and The immersive wisdom of environmental control effects.

請參照第1圖,其繪示依照本揭露較佳實施例之熱流情況的控制方法之流程圖。要先了解的是,熱舒適度(Predicted Mean Vote,PMV)係為ISO 7730規格下,用以進行溫熱情境環境判定的指標。PMV介於-3~3之間。不同的PMV代表不同的冷熱環境,例如-3代表寒冷(cold)、-2代表涼快(cool)、-1代表微涼(slightly cool)、0代表中性(neutral)、1代表微暖(slightly warm)、2代表暖和(warm)及3代表炎熱(hot)等。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a flow chart of a method for controlling a heat flow condition according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure. It is important to understand that the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) is an indicator for the determination of a warm and enthusiastic environment under the ISO 7730 specification. The PMV is between -3 and 3. Different PMVs represent different hot and cold environments, such as -3 for cold, -2 for cool, -1 for slightly cool, 0 for neutral, and 1 for slightly warm (slightly Warm), 2 stands for warm and 3 stands for hot.

熱舒適度PMV的詳細公式如下:The detailed formula for thermal comfort PMV is as follows:

其中,M為基礎代謝率,W為對外有效做功,Icl 為衣服熱阻隔,fcl 為衣服表面積,ta 為空氣溫度,為平均輻射溫度,Var 為風速,Pa 為濕度,hc 為對流熱傳係數,tcl 為衣服表面溫度。由於傳統ISO 7730規格之熱舒適度PMV的公式過於複雜且為非線性,不易實現應用且所需多個感測器的成本過高。是故本實施例為了簡化,於步驟S100中,定義一簡化熱舒適度函數,簡化熱舒適度函數的可指派參數(assignable parameter)包括一熱舒適度(PMV)、一空氣溫度(ta )及一風速(Var )。此外,簡化熱舒適度函數還更包括一濕度(Pa )。Among them, M is the basal metabolic rate, W is the external effective work, I cl is the clothing thermal barrier, f cl is the clothing surface area, t a is the air temperature, For the average radiant temperature, Var is the wind speed, P a is the humidity, h c is the convective heat transfer coefficient, and t cl is the clothing surface temperature. Since the formula of the thermal comfort PMV of the conventional ISO 7730 specification is too complicated and non-linear, it is difficult to implement the application and the cost of the multiple sensors required is too high. Therefore, in the present embodiment, for simplicity, in step S100, a simplified thermal comfort function is defined, and the assignable parameter of the simplified thermal comfort function includes a thermal comfort (PMV) and an air temperature (t a ). And a wind speed (V ar ). In addition, the simplified thermal comfort function further includes a humidity (P a ).

傳統的熱舒適度PMV的公式主要受4個環境參數(空氣溫度、濕度、平均輻射溫度及風速)及2個人因參數(衣著量及活動量)所影響。假定平均輻射溫度相同於空氣溫度,並將人因參數之衣著量及活動量視為定值,而濕度係可由一濕度感測器量測得到。如此一來,則可以得到簡化熱舒適度函數PMV=f(ta ,var )。其中,熱舒適度PMV、空氣溫度ta 及風速var 為變數,亦即可指派參數。The traditional thermal comfort PMV formula is mainly influenced by four environmental parameters (air temperature, humidity, average radiant temperature and wind speed) and two individuals due to parameters (clothing volume and activity). It is assumed that the average radiant temperature is the same as the air temperature, and the clothing quantity and activity amount of the human factor parameter are regarded as constant values, and the humidity system can be measured by a humidity sensor. In this way, a simplified thermal comfort function PMV=f(t a , v ar ) can be obtained. Among them, the thermal comfort PMV, the air temperature t a and the wind speed v ar are variables, and parameters can also be assigned.

請參照第2圖,其繪示依照本揭露較佳實施例之熱流情境的控制裝置之示意圖。熱流情境的控制裝置200包括一控制器210、一冷氣源220、一閥件230、一加熱器(heater)240、一供氣裝置250、一濕度感測器260以及一回饋感測器270。其中,控制器210例如為一微處理器。於步驟S100中,控制器210定義簡化熱舒適度函數PMV=f(ta ,var )。Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a control device for a heat flow scenario in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure. The heat flow situation control device 200 includes a controller 210, a cold air source 220, a valve member 230, a heater 240, a gas supply device 250, a humidity sensor 260, and a feedback sensor 270. The controller 210 is, for example, a microprocessor. In step S100, the controller 210 defines a simplified thermal comfort function PMV=f(t a , v ar ).

之後,於步驟S110中,控制器210依據一情境指令設定一預設熱舒適度及一預設風速。其中,情境指令例如來自於一多媒體裝置或其他可提供影音聲光效果的裝置,然並不限制。較特別的是,不同於傳統空氣調節系統均欲將PMV維持於0附近,上述之預設熱舒適度的範圍係介於-3~3。舉例來說,若控制器210所接受的情境指令為關於沙漠的情境指令,則預設熱舒適度可被設定為3;同理,若控制器210所接受的情境指令為關於北極的情境指令,則預設熱舒適度可被設定為-3。同樣地,預設風速亦與情境指令相關。實際上,本實施例中之風速即為風力等級表示,而風力等級可參考國際慣用之蒲福風級表(The Beaufort Scale)。Then, in step S110, the controller 210 sets a preset thermal comfort and a preset wind speed according to a situational instruction. The context command is, for example, from a multimedia device or other device that can provide a sound and light effect, but is not limited. More specifically, unlike conventional air conditioning systems, which want to maintain the PMV near zero, the range of preset thermal comfort ranges from -3 to 3. For example, if the context command accepted by the controller 210 is a contextual command regarding the desert, the preset thermal comfort may be set to 3; similarly, if the context command accepted by the controller 210 is a contextual instruction regarding the Arctic , the preset thermal comfort can be set to -3. Similarly, the preset wind speed is also related to the contextual order. In fact, the wind speed in this embodiment is the wind level representation, and the wind level can refer to the internationally used Beaufort Scale.

於步驟S120中,控制器210依據簡化熱舒適度函數、預設熱舒適度及預設風速得到一期望空氣溫度。其中,簡化熱舒適度函數中的濕度係由濕度感測器260量測得到。步驟S120即代表,若當前的熱流環境為預設熱舒適度、預設風速及期望空氣溫度,即當前的熱流環境為情境指令所對應的熱流環境。更進一步地,可以經由多次的人因實驗以進行人體感受的量化控制,並將上述的多種參數整理得到一查閱表供控制器210參考,以提升控制器210的工作效率。請參照表1,其為本實施例之各種參數之對照表之一例。In step S120, the controller 210 obtains a desired air temperature according to the simplified thermal comfort function, the preset thermal comfort, and the preset wind speed. Among them, the humidity in the simplified thermal comfort function is measured by the humidity sensor 260. Step S120 represents that if the current heat flow environment is preset thermal comfort, preset wind speed, and desired air temperature, the current heat flow environment is a heat flow environment corresponding to the context command. Further, the quantitative control of the human body experience can be performed through a plurality of human factors experiments, and the above various parameters are sorted to obtain a look-up table for reference by the controller 210 to improve the working efficiency of the controller 210. Please refer to Table 1, which is an example of a comparison table of various parameters of the present embodiment.

此外,若假定預設熱舒適度包括-3~3中整數的7個級別,而預設風速為部份蒲福風級表中的13個級別,則本實施例所提供之熱流情境的控制裝置200可以處理至少91個情境指令。而隨著級別的進一步細分,更可對應至更多的情境指令,更適用於現行各種擬真環境的熱流控制需求。In addition, if it is assumed that the preset thermal comfort includes 7 levels of the integers in the range of -3 to 3, and the preset wind speed is 13 levels in the partial Beaufort wind level table, the heat flow situation control device 200 provided in this embodiment Can handle at least 91 situational instructions. With the further subdivision of the level, it can correspond to more situational instructions, and is more suitable for the current heat flow control requirements of various immersive environments.

於熱流情境的控制裝置200中,冷氣源220提供一冷空氣。閥件230控制冷空氣流量。於步驟S130中,控制器210控制加熱器240的功率,以將冷空氣加熱為達到期 望空氣溫度的空氣。於步驟S140中,供氣裝置250例如為一風扇(fan),閥件230與供氣裝置250連動並受控於控制器210以預設風速從供氣裝置250送出達到期望空氣溫度的空氣。如此一來,熱流情境的控制裝置200即可提供控制器210接收之情境指令所對應的熱流環境。In the heat flow scenario control device 200, the cold air source 220 provides a cool air. Valve member 230 controls the flow of cold air. In step S130, the controller 210 controls the power of the heater 240 to heat the cold air to the end of the period. Look at the air temperature of the air. In step S140, the air supply device 250 is, for example, a fan. The valve member 230 is coupled to the air supply device 250 and controlled by the controller 210 to send air from the air supply device 250 to a desired air temperature at a preset wind speed. In this way, the hot flow scenario control device 200 can provide a hot flow environment corresponding to the context command received by the controller 210.

此外,熱流情境的控制裝置200更可以利用回饋感測器270量測供氣裝置250的出風口255附近的空氣溫度,並將量測到的空氣溫度回饋至控制器210以判斷是否準確的達到預設熱舒適度。若有些許誤差值,則控制器210可以控制加熱器240或供氣裝置250以進行微調校正,使得當前的熱流環境能更符合情境指令所對應的熱流環境。In addition, the heat flow situation control device 200 can further measure the air temperature near the air outlet 255 of the air supply device 250 by using the feedback sensor 270, and feed back the measured air temperature to the controller 210 to determine whether the temperature is accurately reached. Preset thermal comfort. If there is a slight error value, the controller 210 can control the heater 240 or the air supply device 250 to perform fine adjustment correction so that the current heat flow environment can be more in line with the heat flow environment corresponding to the context command.

本揭露上述實施例所揭露之熱流情境的控制裝置及方法,具有多項優點,以下僅列舉部分優點說明如下:本揭露之熱流情境的控制裝置及方法,藉由簡化的熱舒適度函數並搭配不同場景下的情境指令,可設定預設熱舒適度及預設風速,並快速得到期望空氣溫度,如此一來即可快速控制環境的溫度與氣流,達到即時且擬真的智慧熱流環境控制效果。更進一步地,藉由回饋感測器量測出的結果作為回饋控制的依據,提高熱流環境擬真的效果The apparatus and method for controlling the heat flow situation disclosed in the above embodiments have a plurality of advantages. The following only some of the advantages are described as follows: The heat flow situation control device and method of the present disclosure are simplified by a simplified thermal comfort function. The situational instructions in the scene can set the preset thermal comfort and the preset wind speed, and quickly obtain the desired air temperature, so that the temperature and airflow of the environment can be quickly controlled to achieve an instant and realistic intelligent heat flow environment control effect. Furthermore, the result of feedback sensor measurement is used as the basis of feedback control to improve the realistic effect of the heat flow environment.

綜上所述,雖然本揭露已以一較佳實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本揭露。本揭露所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者,在不脫離本揭露之精神和範圍內,當可作各種之更動與潤飾。因此,本揭露之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。In the above, the disclosure has been disclosed in a preferred embodiment, and is not intended to limit the disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure is subject to the definition of the scope of the appended claims.

200‧‧‧熱流情境的控制裝置200‧‧‧Control device for heat flow scenarios

210‧‧‧控制器210‧‧‧ Controller

220‧‧‧冷氣源220‧‧‧ cold air source

230‧‧‧閥件230‧‧‧ valve parts

240‧‧‧加熱器240‧‧‧heater

250‧‧‧供氣裝置250‧‧‧ gas supply

255‧‧‧出風口255‧‧‧air outlet

260‧‧‧濕度感測器260‧‧‧Humidity sensor

270‧‧‧回饋感測器270‧‧‧Feedback sensor

S100、S110、S120、S130、S140‧‧‧步驟S100, S110, S120, S130, S140‧‧ steps

第1圖繪示依照本揭露較佳實施例之熱流情況的控制方法之流程圖。FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a control method of a heat flow condition according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.

第2圖繪示依照本揭露較佳實施例之熱流情境的控制裝置之示意圖。2 is a schematic diagram of a control device for a heat flow scenario in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.

Claims (9)

一種熱流情境的控制裝置,包括:一控制器,用以定義一簡化熱舒適度函數,該簡化熱舒適度函數的可指派參數包括一熱舒適度、一空氣溫度及一風速,其中該控制器依據一情境指令設定一預設熱舒適度及一預設風速,並依據該簡化熱舒適度函數、該預設熱舒適度及該預設風速得到一期望空氣溫度;一冷氣源,用以提供一冷空氣;一閥件,用以受控於該控制器以控制該冷空氣的流量;一加熱器,用以受控於該控制器以將該冷空氣加熱為達到該期望空氣溫度的空氣;以及一供氣裝置,用以受控於該控制器以該預設風速從該供氣裝置送出達到該期望空氣溫度的空氣;其中該情境指令係來自一多媒體裝置。 A control device for a heat flow scenario, comprising: a controller for defining a simplified thermal comfort function, the assignable parameters of the simplified thermal comfort function comprising a thermal comfort, an air temperature, and a wind speed, wherein the controller Setting a preset thermal comfort and a preset wind speed according to a situational instruction, and obtaining a desired air temperature according to the simplified thermal comfort function, the preset thermal comfort, and the preset wind speed; a cold air source for providing a cold air; a valve member for controlling the flow of the cold air by the controller; a heater for controlling the controller to heat the cold air to the air at the desired air temperature And a gas supply device for controlling the controller to send air from the air supply device to the desired air temperature at the preset wind speed; wherein the context command is from a multimedia device. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱流情境的控制裝置,其中該預設熱舒適度的範圍介於-3~3。 The control device of the heat flow scenario according to claim 1, wherein the preset thermal comfort ranges from -3 to 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱流情境的控制裝置,更包括:一回饋感測器,用以量測該供氣裝置出風口的空氣溫度,並回饋至該控制器以控制該加熱器或該供氣裝置。 The control device of the heat flow scenario of claim 1, further comprising: a feedback sensor for measuring the air temperature of the air outlet of the air supply device, and feeding back to the controller to control the heater Or the gas supply device. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之熱流情境的控制裝置,其中該簡化熱舒適度函數更包括一濕度,該控制裝置更包括:一濕度感測器,用以量測該供氣裝置出風口的濕度。 The control device of the heat flow scenario of claim 1, wherein the simplified thermal comfort function further comprises a humidity, the control device further comprising: a humidity sensor for measuring the air outlet of the air supply device Humidity. 一種熱流情境的控制方法,包括:定義一簡化熱舒適度函數,該簡化熱舒適度函數的可指派參數包括一熱舒適度、一空氣溫度及一風速;依據一情境指令設定一預設熱舒適度及一預設風速;依據該簡化熱舒適度函數、該預設熱舒適度及該預設風速得到一期望空氣溫度;以及控制一加熱器以將一冷空氣加熱為達到該期望空氣溫度的空氣;其中該情境指令係來自一多媒體裝置。 A method for controlling a heat flow scenario, comprising: defining a simplified thermal comfort function, the assignable parameters of the simplified thermal comfort function comprising a thermal comfort, an air temperature, and a wind speed; setting a predetermined thermal comfort according to a contextual command Degree and a preset wind speed; obtaining a desired air temperature according to the simplified thermal comfort function, the preset thermal comfort and the preset wind speed; and controlling a heater to heat a cold air to reach the desired air temperature Air; wherein the contextual instruction is from a multimedia device. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之熱流情境的控制方法,其中該預設熱舒適度的範圍介於-3~3。 The method for controlling a heat flow situation according to claim 5, wherein the preset thermal comfort ranges from -3 to 3. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之熱流情境的控制方法,更包括:控制一閥件與一供氣裝置以該預設風速從該供氣裝置送出達到該期望空氣溫度的空氣。 The method for controlling a heat flow situation according to claim 5, further comprising: controlling a valve member and a gas supply device to send air from the air supply device to the desired air temperature at the preset wind speed. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之熱流情境的控制方法,更包括:量測該供氣裝置出風口的空氣溫度,以回饋控制該加熱器或該閥件或該供氣裝置。 The method for controlling a heat flow situation according to claim 7 further includes: measuring an air temperature of the air outlet of the air supply device to feedback the heater or the valve member or the air supply device. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之熱流情境的控制方法,其中該簡化熱舒適度函數更包括一濕度,該控制方法更量測該供氣裝置出風口的濕度。 The method for controlling a heat flow situation according to claim 7, wherein the simplified thermal comfort function further comprises a humidity, and the control method further measures the humidity of the air outlet of the air supply device.
TW99123454A 2010-07-16 2010-07-16 Apparatus and method for controlling flow and thermal condition TWI401401B (en)

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