TWI395670B - Lithographic printing and embossing printing interchange method and printing device - Google Patents

Description

Method for exchanging lithography and letterpress printing and printing device thereof

The present invention relates to a printing method and a printing apparatus thereof, and more particularly to a method of lithographic printing and letterpress printing interchange, and a printing apparatus therefor.

In the case of lithographic lithographs, the current market can be roughly divided into ink-separated wet lithographic and anhydrous dry lithographic plates (hereinafter referred to as "wet lithographic" and "dry lithographic"). The first is about a wet lithographic plate. The wet lithographic plate is formed by lithographic or chemical coating etching on a lithographic plate to form a desired image on a lithographic plate. The non-image parts are almost all on the same plane, so they are called "lithographic plates"; however, the "lithographic plates" are divided into male and female types. If the wet lithographic plates are male, they are in the layout. The upper part is formed with a non-image portion and an inkable image portion, and the non-image portion is a hydrophilic oil repellent, and the image portion is oleophilic water; In the case of a negative type, the non-image portion is a lipophilic water repellent, and the graphic portion is a hydrophilic oil repellent. If the lithographic plate is first watered during printing, a water film is adhered to the non-image portion, and the lithographic plate is inked, and an ink layer is adhered to the image portion, since the oil and water will mutually contact each other. The principle of rejection makes the graphic part and the non-image part clear and legible; the ink on the graphic part of the lithographic plate is wrapped by a blanket on a roller, and can be rotated under the action of printing pressure. Printed on the surface of the substrate to be printed. However, since the above lithographic printing is performed, the ink on the graphic portion of the lithographic printing plate is first printed on the blanket and then transferred onto the surface of the substrate to be printed, and the surface of the blanket is coated with a layer of rubber. Therefore, lithography is also known as "offset printing." In addition, regarding the dry lithographic plate, the sensitizer and the polyoxyalkylene rubber on the aluminum-based lithographic plate are subjected to sensitization or chemical treatment, and if they are positive, the lipophilicity is poorly formed on the lithographic plate. The graphic part and the lipophilic ink-soluble graphic part. When the dry lithographic plate is completely coated with ink, the dry lithographic plate will only have a graphic part on the layout based on the oleophilic ability. Gather the ink without inking in the non-image part (samely, if it is a negative type), that is to say, when printing, the dry lithographic plate does not need to use water to ink before the step of applying the ink. Separation can be carried out directly by inking printing; for such a dry lithography, the prior art can be referred to the means disclosed in the publications of U.S. Patent No. 5,370,906 and U.S. Patent No. 4,086,093, which is hereby incorporated by reference.

Furthermore, as far as the letterpress printing letterpress is concerned, the letterpress is called the convex part of the printing plate and is called a convex part; in printing, if the ink is applied to the convex part of the graphic, instead of The graphic part cannot be rolled onto the ink because it is recessed below the layout. This type of graphic printing is called letterpress printing. Conversely, the concave portion of the printed version is called the intaglio plate. Since the non-image portion is convex, when printing the ink, it will be rolled onto the convex portion of the plate. Then, the ink on the non-image portion is scraped into the concave image portion by a doctor blade, and the ink stored in the concave portion of the graphic portion is directly printed on the substrate to be printed by using a strong pressure. On the surface, it is for gravure printing.

Based on the above, it can be known that the existing lithography and letterpress printing methods and printing apparatuses thereof have substantial defects in the following:

1. Because wet lithographic, dry lithographic and relief (or intaglio), each has its own printing method and its printing device; however, because different printing has different performance capabilities, such as: lithographic rich tone, letterpress The color is saturated, so if the user wants to print with a wet lithographic or dry lithographic plate, or if it is to be printed with a letterpress, it must be achieved with different printing devices. Therefore, the user must purchase additional money. A variety of different printing devices.
2. Since wet lithographic plates, dry lithographic plates and relief plates (or intaglio plates) each have their own printing method and printing device, users should use wet lithographic or dry lithographic printing, or When the letterpress is printed, it must be achieved by different printing devices, so the user must vacate the storage space of the various printing devices purchased.
3. Since wet lithographic plates, dry lithographic plates and relief plates (or intaglio plates) each have their own printing method and printing device, users need to replace them with wet lithographic or dry lithographic printing, or if When replacing the printing with the letterpress, the user must remove and remove the printing device that is not needed in the conjoined printing device, and then move the printing device to be used into the stand-alone printing device. Replacing the printing method, if the user wastes a lot of time to replace different printing devices.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to integrate a wet lithographic plate, a dry lithographic plate and a relief plate to be mutually converted for printing and a printing device thereof, so that the consumer can save the purchase of different printing devices on different printing plates. Cost and storage space, while saving the user time to replace the printing device.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method of lithographic printing and letterpress printing interchange, the method comprising:

Providing an ink supply unit;

Providing an ink transfer unit pivoted under the ink supply unit and in contact with the ink supply unit;

Providing a plate pivoting on the ink transfer path of the ink transfer unit, wherein the plate surface is provided with a lithographic plate which is in contact with the ink transfer unit and is wet;

Providing a wetting unit pivotally disposed around the periphery of the plate, the wetting unit having a wetting fluid controllable in contact with the lithographic plate, and the wetting fluid of the wetting unit is in contact with the wet lithographic plate ;

Providing a printing turret pivotally disposed on the wet lithographic ink transfer path and transferring the wet lithographic ink onto the object to be printed, wherein the printing turret circumferential surface is provided with a blanket providing lithography;

Providing a pressure pivoted under the printing roller and carrying the printing pressure of the printing roller, thereby providing lithography;

Adjusting the position of the wetting unit to be separated from the wet lithographic plate; and removing the blanket provided on the circumferential surface of the printing roller, and replacing it with a relief printing plate to obtain relief printing, thereby achieving relief printing;

Re-adjusting the position of the wetting unit to contact with the wet lithographic plate; removing the relief plate provided on the circumferential surface of the printing roller and replacing it with the blanket, thereby lithographic printing and letterpress printing Print interchange.

To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a method for lithographic printing and letterpress printing, the method comprising:

Providing an ink supply unit;

Providing an ink transfer unit pivoted under the ink supply unit and in contact with the ink supply unit;

Providing a plate pivoting on the ink transfer path of the ink transfer unit, wherein the plate peripheral surface is provided with a dry lithographic plate in contact with the ink transfer unit;

Providing a wetting unit pivotally disposed around the periphery of the plate, the wetting unit having a wetting fluid controllable in contact with the lithographic plate, and the wetting fluid of the wetting unit is spaced from the dry lithographic plate;

Providing a printing turret pivotally disposed on the dry lithographic ink transfer path and transferring the dry lithographic ink onto the object to be printed, wherein the printing turret circumferential surface is provided with a blanket providing lithography;

Providing a pressure pivoted under the printing roller and carrying the printing pressure of the printing roller, thereby providing lithography;

The dry lithographic plate provided on the circumferential surface of the plate is unloaded and replaced with a wet lithographic plate; the blanket provided on the circumferential surface of the printing roller is unloaded and replaced with a relief plate for providing relief printing. This achieves letterpress printing; and,

The wet lithographic plate provided on the circumferential surface of the plate is unloaded and replaced with a dry lithographic plate; the relief plate provided on the circumferential surface of the printing roller is unloaded and replaced with the blanket, thereby Lithography and letterpress printing can be interchanged.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a printing apparatus in which lithographic printing and letterpress printing are interchanged, wherein the printing apparatus comprises an ink supply unit; a pivoting unit is disposed under the ink supply unit and is in contact with the ink supply unit. An ink transfer unit; a plate pivotally disposed on the ink transfer path of the ink transfer unit, wherein the plate surface is provided with a lithographic plate in contact with the ink transfer unit, the lithographic plate being a wet lithographic or dry lithographic plate; a wetting unit disposed around the periphery of the plate, the wetting unit having a dampening fluid that can be controlled to be in contact with the lithographic plate; a pivoting path to the lithographic ink transfer path and transfer of the lithographic ink to the object to be printed a printing roller on the printing roller; a pressure pivoting under the printing roller and carrying the printing pressure of the printing roller; by adjusting the position of the wetting unit to be in contact with or isolated from the lithographic plate, and printing the printing Lithography and letterpress printing can be interchanged by replacing the blanket surface with the blanket or the relief.

According to the technical solution proposed by the present invention, the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects in comparison with the existing printing method and printing device:

1. The invention provides an integrated method for printing a wet lithographic plate, a dry lithographic plate and a relief plate, and a printing device thereof, so that the user can print with a wet lithographic or dry lithographic plate, or The letterpress printing can be achieved in the same printing device, so the consumer can save the cost of purchasing other different printing devices.
2. Since the present invention provides an integrated method for printing a wet lithographic plate, a dry lithographic plate and a relief plate, and a printing device thereof, the present invention is intended to be printed by a wet lithographic or dry lithographic plate, or Printing in letterpress can be achieved in the same printing device, so the user can save the storage space for other different printing devices.
3. Since the present invention provides an integrated method of printing a wet lithographic plate, a dry lithographic plate and a relief plate, and a printing device thereof, it is only necessary to contact or separate the dampening solution of the dampening unit from the lithographic plate. By replacing the printing roll on the circumference of the printing roll with the blanket or the relief, the lithographic printing can be interchanged with the letterpress printing, thereby saving the user the time required to replace other different printing devices.

The detailed description and technical contents of the present invention will now be described as follows:

Please refer to FIG. 1 for a plan view of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the figure, in order to make the reader more clearly understand the present invention, it is intentionally placed in each wheel, roller or raft. Only the thin layer of ink 21 or the layer of dampening fluid 82 is shown enlarged. The present invention provides a printing apparatus that is interchangeable between lithographic printing and letterpress printing. The printing apparatus 10 includes an ink supply unit 20, and the ink supply unit 20 can also be provided with at least one squeegee 22 underneath as shown. The ink knife 22 is not necessarily present; the ink transfer unit 30 is disposed under the doctor blade 22 of the ink supply unit 20 and is in contact with the doctor blade 22, wherein the ink transfer unit 30 includes a pivoting a mesh wheel 31 below the squeegee 22 of the ink supply unit 20 and in contact with the squeegee 22, and a master ink pivoted to the ink path of the mesh wheel 31 and in contact with the mesh wheel 31 a roller 32; the plate 40 is pivotally disposed on the ink path of the offset ink roller 32 and is in contact with the offset roller 32, and is further disposed on the ink path of the mesh wheel 31. a printing wheel set 70 that is in contact with the mesh wheel 31; a plate 40 pivoted on the ink delivery path of the ink transfer unit 30, the plate 40 is provided with a lithographic plate in contact with the ink transfer unit 30 (the lithographic plate) It is a wet lithography 41, and the preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the lithographic film 41 is glued to the circumferential surface of the plate 40, of course, The lithographic plate 41 is disposed on the circumferential surface of the plate 40, for example, in a manner of locking or snapping; a wetting unit 80 pivotally disposed around the periphery of the plate 40, the wetting unit 80 having controllable The lithographic plate 41 is in contact with the dampening fluid 82, and the dampening fluid 82 of the dampening unit 80 is in contact with the lithographic plate 41 (in this figure, the relative of the dampening unit 80 and the lithographic plate 41 is adjusted. The position of the wetting unit 80 can also be sprayed by the sprayer; in addition, the preferred embodiment of the dampening fluid 82 is "water"; a pivoting path of the lithographic plate 41 can be The ink 21 on the lithographic plate 41 is transferred to the printing roller 50 on the object to be printed 90, and the printing roller 50 is provided with a blanket 51 on the circumferential surface thereof (hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is glued to the printing with a blanket 51). Rolling 50 weeks; of course, the blanket 51 can be disposed on the circumferential surface of the printing roller 50 in other manners, for example, in a manner of locking or snapping; and pivoting under the printing roller 50 and carrying The printing roller 50 prints a pressure of 60. When the dampening unit 80 is partially immersed in the dampening liquid 82 in the liquid storage tank 81, and the ink supply unit 20 has the ink 21 therein, after the printing device 10 is activated, at this time, since the dampening unit 80 has The dampening liquid 82 in the liquid storage tank 81 is brought to the entire circumferential cylinder surface of the dampening unit 80, and the dampening liquid 82 is wetted by the lithographic plate 41 on the circumferential surface of the plate 40, which is continuous in clockwise direction. Rotating to the hydrophilic block of the lithographic plate 41 (i.e., the non-image portion after the lithographic pattern is etched); however, the ink 21 is in contact with the mesh wheel 31 through the doctor blade 22. The gap flows to the mesh wheel 31 which is continuously rotating clockwise to cover the entire circumferential cylinder surface. At this time, the ink distribution wheel set 70 in contact with the mesh wheel 31 also exerts its function to fill the circumference of the mesh wheel 31. The ink 21 on the cylinder is evenly distributed, and then the ink 21 is brought from the mesh wheel 31 to the entire circumferential cylinder surface of the offset ink roller 32 which is continuously rotated counterclockwise; then the circumferential roller of the offset roller 32 The ink 21 on the surface is rotated by the clockwise continuous contact to the lithographic plate 41 on the plate 40. The lithographic plate 41 is repelled by the wet liquid 82 (i.e., the image portion after the lithographic pattern is etched), and then the ink 21 on the lithographic 41 ink-receiving block is traversed by the printing The blanket 51 glued on the 50 is continuously rotated counterclockwise to be transferred to the object to be printed 90 above the pressure roller 60, whereby lithography is provided.

Referring to FIG. 2 again, a plan view of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in the figure, in order to make the reader more clearly understand the present invention, it is intentionally placed in each wheel, roller or Only a thin layer of ink 21 or a layer of dampening fluid 82 is shown on the enamel. The present invention provides a printing apparatus that is interchangeable between lithographic printing and letterpress printing. The printing apparatus 10 includes an ink supply unit 20, and the ink supply unit 20 can also be provided with at least one squeegee 22 underneath as shown. The ink knife 22 is not necessarily present; the ink transfer unit 30 is disposed under the doctor blade 22 of the ink supply unit 20 and is in contact with the doctor blade 22, wherein the ink transfer unit 30 includes a pivoting a mesh wheel 31 below the squeegee 22 of the ink supply unit 20 and in contact with the squeegee 22, and a master ink pivoted to the ink path of the mesh wheel 31 and in contact with the mesh wheel 31 a roller 32; the plate 40 is pivotally disposed on the ink path of the offset ink roller 32 and is in contact with the offset roller 32, and is further disposed on the ink path of the mesh wheel 31. a printing wheel set 70 that is in contact with the mesh wheel 31; a plate 40 pivoted on the ink delivery path of the ink transfer unit 30, the plate 40 is provided with a lithographic plate in contact with the ink transfer unit 30 (the lithographic plate) It is a dry lithographic plate 42, and the preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the lithographic plate 42 is glued to the circumferential surface of the plate 40, of course The lithographic plate 42 is disposed on the circumferential surface of the plate 40, for example, in a manner of locking or snapping; a wetting unit 80 pivotally disposed around the periphery of the plate 40, the wetting unit 80 having controllable The lithographic plate 42 is in contact with the dampening fluid 82, and the dampening fluid 82 of the dampening unit 80 is spaced from the lithographic plate 42 (in this figure, the relative orientation of the dampening unit 80 and the lithographic plate 42 is adjusted) The position is achieved, but as described above, the wetting unit 80 can be reversely sprayed by a sprayer; in addition, the preferred embodiment of the dampening fluid 82 is "water"; a pivoting member 42 The ink path of the lithographic plate 42 can be transferred to the printing roller 50 on the printing object 90, and the printing roller 50 is provided with a blanket 51 on the circumferential surface (the preferred embodiment of the present invention is a blanket) 51 is glued to the peripheral surface of the printing roller 50; of course, the blanket 51 can be disposed on the circumferential surface of the printing roller 50 in other manners, for example, in a manner of locking or snapping); and a pivoting roller is disposed on the printing roller. A pressure 60 below the crucible 50 and carrying the printing roll 50 print pressure. Since the dry lithography 42 does not need to repel the ink 21 by the wetting liquid 82, the ink 21 can form agglomerated ink 21 in the image portion of the lithographic plate 42, so the wetting unit 80 must first be adjusted to a position separated from the dry lithography 42; when the printing device 10 is activated, the ink 21 passes through the gap between the squeegee 22 and the mesh wheel 31, and flows to the mesh wheel 31 which is continuously rotating clockwise. And the entire circumference cylinder is covered, and the ink distribution wheel set 70 which is in contact with the mesh wheel 31 at this time also exerts its function to smooth the ink 21 which is covered on the circumferential cylinder surface of the mesh wheel 31, and then the ink 21 Then, the ink is rotated from the mesh wheel 31 to the entire circumferential cylinder surface of the offset ink roller 32 which is continuously rotated counterclockwise; then the ink 21 on the circumferential cylinder surface of the ink roller 32 is used for the printing plate 32. The lithographic plate 42 on the crucible 40 is in contact with each other and is continuously rotated clockwise to the ink-receiving block of the lithographic plate 42 (i.e., the image portion of the lithographic plate 42 described above), and then the lithographic 42 in the ink-receiving block The ink 21 can be reversed by the blanket 51 glued on the printing roller 50. The continuous rotation is transmitted to the pressure barrel 60 over the object 90 to be printed, thereby to provide a lithographic printing.

Referring to FIG. 3 again, a plan view of the lithography of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 is converted into letterpress printing. As shown in the figure, in order to make the present invention more clearly understandable to the present invention, it is specifically intended to enlarge the layer of ink 21 or the layer of dampening fluid 82 which is originally only slightly thin on each wheel, roll or crucible. First, when the printing device is as shown in FIG. 1 , the wetting unit 80 can be firstly adjusted to be isolated from the lithography plate 41; and the blanket 51 glued on the circumferential surface of the printing roller 50 can be removed. Thereafter, the replacement is performed by a relief printing 52 for providing relief printing as shown in FIG. 3 (the preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the relief 52 is glued to the circumferential surface of the printing roller 50; of course, the relief can be otherwise 52 is replaced by the circumferential surface of the printing roller 50, for example, by a locking or snapping manner; since the relief 52 does not need to be repelled and separated by the dampening fluid 82 during printing, the relief 52 is utilized. The raised image portion (which is not fully labeled by those skilled in the art) is used to transfer the ink 21, so the wetting unit 80 must first be adjusted to wet The position of the stencil 41 is spaced apart (in this figure, the relative position of the wetting unit 80 and the lithography plate 41 is adjusted, but the wetting unit 80 can also be sprayed by a sprayer); After the printing device 10, the ink 21 passes through the doctor blade 22 and The gap contacted by the mesh wheel 31 flows to the mesh wheel 31 which is continuously rotating clockwise to cover the entire circumferential cylinder surface. At this time, the ink distribution wheel set 70 which is in contact with the mesh wheel 31 also functions. The ink 21 is covered on the circumferential cylinder surface of the mesh wheel 31, and then the ink 21 is brought from the mesh wheel 31 to the entire circumferential cylinder surface of the offset ink roller 32 which is continuously rotated counterclockwise; The ink 21 on the circumferential cylinder surface of the platen roller 32 is contacted by the lithographic plate 41 on the plate 40, and because the lithographic plate 41 lacks the wetting fluid 82 and cannot repel the ink. The hour hand continuously circulates over the entire surface of the lithographic plate 41; then the ink 21 on the entire surface of the lithographic plate 41 is covered, and the image portion of the embossed embossed sheet 52 is embossed by the relief plate 52. It is continuously rotated counterclockwise and transmitted to the object to be printed 90 above the pressure roller 60, and if so, the relief printing can be achieved. If the ink on the lithographic plate 41 is cleaned after use, the wetting unit 80 is repositioned to be in contact with the lithographic plate 41; and the relief 52 glued by the circumferential surface of the printing roller 50 is removed, and then The blanket 51 is re-glued, and if so, the relief printing can be converted to the original lithographic printing. However, when the printing device is as shown in FIG. 2, the lithographic plate 42 glued to the circumferential surface of the plate 40 may be first removed, and a wet lithographic plate 41 or a lithographic plate which can be completely inked may be re-glued; The blanket 51 glued on the 50th surface of the printing roller is removed and replaced with a relief 52 for providing relief printing as shown in FIG. 3 (hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the relief 52 is glued to the printing Rolling 50 weeks; of course, the relief 52 can be replaced by the circumferential surface of the printing roll 50 in other ways, such as: locking or snapping); because the relief 52 does not need to be wetted during printing 82, the ink 21 is repelled and separated, but the ink portion 21 is inked by using the image portion of the relief 52 (which is not commonly indicated by those skilled in the art). The wetting unit 80 must first be adjusted to a position separated from the wet lithography plate 41; when the printing device 10 is activated, the ink 21 passes through the gap between the squeegee 22 and the mesh wheel 31. Flowing to the mesh wheel 31 that is continuously rotating clockwise and covering the entire circumference In this case, the ink distribution wheel set 70 which is in contact with the mesh wheel 31 at this time also exerts its function to smooth the ink 21 which is covered on the circumferential cylinder surface of the mesh wheel 31, and then the ink 21 follows the mesh wheel. 31 is carried to the entire circumferential cylinder surface of the offset printing roller 32 which is continuously rotated counterclockwise; then the ink 21 on the circumferential cylinder surface of the printing ink roller 32 is due to the lithography 41 on the printing plate 40. Contacting, and because the lithographic plate 41 lacks the dampening fluid 82 and cannot repel the ink, it is continuously rotated clockwise over the entire surface of the lithographic plate 41; then the ink 21 is spread over the entire surface of the lithographic plate 41. The groove of the relief plate 52 glued on the printing roller 50 can be continuously rotated counterclockwise to be transmitted to the object to be printed 90 above the pressure roller 60, and then the relief printing can be achieved. If the lithographic plate 41 glued to the 40-week surface or the lithographic plate which can be completely inked is removed after use, the lithographic plate 42 is re-glued; and the relief plate 52 glued by the circumferential surface of the printing roller 50 is unloaded Next, the blanket 51 is re-glued, and if so, the relief printing can be converted to the original lithographic printing.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. In the above preferred embodiment, the mesh wheel 31 and the offset ink roller 32 in the ink transfer unit 30 may be handed over. The ink structure replaces or discards one of them; in addition, the relief 52 of the preferred embodiment described above differs from the gravure of the gravure printing only in that the relief 52 is the graphic portion of the printing plate. The embossing is used to directly inscribe the printing; on the contrary, the intaglio is formed by forming a depression in the graphic portion of the printing plate and accommodating the ink for printing; therefore, any person skilled in the art can make a small amount without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Modifications and retouchings should be covered by the present invention.

10‧‧‧Printing device

20‧‧‧Ink supply unit

21‧‧‧Ink

22‧‧‧Scratch knife

30‧‧‧Ink transfer unit

31‧‧‧Net wheel

32‧‧‧ by ink roller

40‧‧‧ Copyright

41‧‧ lithograph

42‧‧ lithograph

50‧‧‧Printing roll

51‧‧‧ blanket

52‧‧‧ Letterpress

60‧‧‧ Pressure

70‧‧‧Fixed wheel set

80‧‧‧ Wetting unit

81‧‧‧ liquid storage tank

82‧‧‧ Wetting fluid

90‧‧‧Printing matter

Figure 1 is a plan view showing a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view showing a second preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the conversion of lithography of "Fig. 1" or "Fig. 2" of the present invention into relief printing.

10‧‧‧Printing device

20‧‧‧Ink supply unit

21‧‧‧Ink

22‧‧‧Scratch knife

30‧‧‧Ink transfer unit

31‧‧‧Net wheel

32‧‧‧ by ink roller

40‧‧‧ Copyright

41‧‧ lithograph

50‧‧‧Printing roll

52‧‧‧ Letterpress

60‧‧‧ Pressure

70‧‧‧Fixed wheel set

80‧‧‧ Wetting unit

81‧‧‧ liquid storage tank

82‧‧‧ Wetting fluid

90‧‧‧Printing matter

Claims (8)

A method for lithographic printing and letterpress printing, the method comprising: providing an ink supply unit (20); providing an ink transfer pivotally disposed under the ink supply unit (20) and in contact with the ink supply unit (20) a unit (30); a plate (40) pivotally disposed on the ink transfer path of the ink transfer unit (30), wherein the plate (40) has a peripheral surface that is in contact with the ink transfer unit (30) and is wet a lithographic plate (41); providing a wetting unit (80) pivotally mounted around the periphery of the plate (40), the wetting unit (80) having a wetting fluid (82) that can be controlled to contact the lithographic plate And the dampening solution (82) of the dampening unit (80) is in contact with the lithographic plate (41); providing an ink transfer path pivoted to the lithographic plate (41) and the ink on the lithographic plate (41) (21) a printing tumbler (50) delivered to the object to be printed (90), a peripheral surface of the printing tumbler (50) is provided with a blanket (51) for providing lithography; and a printing roller is provided 50) a press (60) underneath and carrying the printing roll (50) printing pressure, thereby providing lithographic printing; adjusting the wetting unit (80) to be isolated from the lithographic plate (41); The rubber provided on the circumferential surface of the printing tumbler (50) The cloth (51) is removed, replaced with a relief (52) providing relief printing, thereby achieving relief printing; and the position of the wetting unit (80) is readjusted to contact the lithographic plate (41); The relief (52) provided on the circumferential surface of the printing roller (50) is removed and replaced with the blanket (51), whereby lithography and letterpress printing can be interchanged. The method of lithographic printing and letterpress printing according to claim 1, wherein the ink transfer unit (30) comprises a pivoting unit (20) and is associated with the ink supply unit (20). a contact mesh wheel (31), and an ink-receiving roller (32) pivotally disposed on the mesh wheel (31) to communicate with the mesh wheel (31); and the plate (40) is pivoted The ink path of the ink roller (32) is disposed in contact with the ink roller (32); and the ink path of the mesh wheel (31) is pivoted to contact the mesh wheel (31). The uniform ink wheel set (70). A method for lithographic printing and letterpress printing, the method comprising: providing an ink supply unit (20); providing an ink transfer pivotally disposed under the ink supply unit (20) and in contact with the ink supply unit (20) a unit (30); a plate (40) pivotally disposed on the ink transfer path of the ink transfer unit (30), wherein the plate (40) has a peripheral surface that is in contact with the ink transfer unit (30) and is dry a lithographic plate (42); providing a wetting unit (80) pivotally disposed around the periphery of the plate (40) and adjustable relative to the lithographic plate (42), the wetting unit (80) having controllable a dampening solution (82) that is in contact with the lithographic plate, and the dampening fluid (82) of the dampening unit (80) is spaced from the lithographic plate (42); providing a priming path for the lithographic (42) ink transfer path And the lithographic (42) upper ink (21) can be transferred to the printing shovel (50) on the object to be printed (90), the printing rim (50) is provided with a blanket (51) providing lithography; Providing a pressure (60) pivoted under the printing turret (50) and carrying the printing nip (50) printing pressure, thereby providing lithography; the enamel (40) circumferential surface is provided Dry lithograph (42) is removed, re- Replacement with a wet lithographic plate (41); and removing the blanket (51) provided on the circumferential surface of the printing turret (50), and replacing it with a relief printing (52) for providing relief printing, thereby achieving relief printing And removing the wet lithographic plate (41) provided on the circumferential surface of the plate (40), replacing it with a dry lithographic plate (42); and setting the circumferential surface of the printing roller (50) The relief (52) is removed and replaced with the blanket (51) whereby lithographic and letterpress printing can be interchanged. The method of lithographic printing and letterpress printing according to claim 3, wherein the ink transfer unit (30) comprises a pivoting unit under the ink supply unit (20) and associated with the ink supply unit (20). a contact mesh wheel (31), and an ink-receiving roller (32) pivotally disposed on the mesh wheel (31) to communicate with the mesh wheel (31); and the plate (40) is pivoted The ink path of the ink roller (32) is disposed in contact with the ink roller (32); and the ink path of the mesh wheel (31) is pivoted to contact the mesh wheel (31). The uniform ink wheel set (70). A printing device interchangeable between lithography and letterpress printing, characterized in that: the printing device (10) comprises an ink supply unit (20); a pivoting unit below the ink supply unit (20) and the ink supply unit (20) an ink transfer unit (30) that is in contact with the ink transfer unit (30), the ink transfer unit (30) includes a platen roller (32) pivoted under the ink supply unit (20); a plate (32) that conveys an ink path and is in contact with the platen roller (32), and a peripheral surface of the plate (40) is provided with a lithographic plate in contact with the ink transfer unit (30); a wetting unit (80) pivotally disposed around the periphery of the plate (40), the wetting unit (80) having a wetting fluid (82) that can be controlled to be in contact with the lithographic plate; The ink path can be replaced by a blanket (51) or a relief (52) as needed to make the lithographic ink (21) A printing turret (50) that is transferred to the object to be printed (90); a tamper (60) pivoted below the printing rim (50) and carrying the printing nip (50) printing pressure. The printing apparatus of the lithographic printing and the letterpress printing according to claim 5, wherein the ink transferring unit (30) comprises a pivoting unit (20) and the offset printing roller (32). A mesh wheel (31) that is in contact with the ink supply unit (20) and the offset ink roller (32). The printing device of the lithographic printing and the letterpress printing interchange according to claim 6, wherein the mesh wheel (31) is provided with an ink-distributing wheel set (70) in contact with the mesh wheel (31). ). A printing apparatus in which lithography and letterpress printing are interchanged as described in claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein the lithographic plate is a wet lithographic plate (41) or a dry lithographic plate (42).