1352481 (1) 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 ' 本發明是關於當作FA或0A等的產業領域的驅動電 - 動機 '或者當作電動汽車的驅動電動機來使用之無刷DC 電動機，尤其是關於將旋轉磁場形成用的電樞繞組，裝著 在無磁性突極（槽）的圓環狀定子芯，而形成之平滑電樞 繞組型電動機，即所謂的間隙繞組型電動機。 【先前技術】 過去，無刷DC電動機係當作FA或OA等的產業領域 的驅動電動機、或者當作電動汽車的驅動電動機來使用， 具備有將旋轉磁場形成用的複數個空心形狀線圈，裝著在 無磁性突極（槽）的圓環狀定子芯，而形成的電樞繞組之 平滑電樞繞組型電動機，即所謂的間隙繞組型電動機，係 如同第3圖、第4圖的模樣。此外，第3圖爲過去的間隙 • 繞組型電動機之正剖面圖。第4圖爲將第3圖中的間隙繞 組型電動機的電磁部擴大之正剖面圖。 圖中’圖號1爲框架，圖號2爲定子芯，圖號3爲空 心形狀線圈，圖號4爲永久磁鐵，圖號5爲永久磁鐵的N 極’圖號6爲永久磁鐵的S極，圖號7爲永久磁鐵間的間 隙，圖號9爲轉子芯，圖號10爲軸，圖號n爲磁性空間 〇 間隙繞組型電動機的定子係由層積矽鋼板呈圓筒狀形 成之定子芯2'及將介於爲了要確保所必要的絕緣性而設 -4 - (2) (2)1352481 置之薄絕緣層所集中繞組在該芯2的內周面之旋轉磁場形 成用的複數個空心形狀線圈3，以15個等間隔來進行繞組 而形成之電樞繞組所構成。該電樞繞組係用樹脂予以塑模 或浸漬，與定子芯2 —體地固裝。 另外，轉子係由介於該定子及磁性空隙1 1呈同心圓 狀配置，且被嵌合固裝在軸10的外周面之轉子芯9、及被 設置在該轉子芯9並且具有交互極性的不同之複數個磁極 ，且呈圓弧狀分割之例如稀土類的永久磁鐵4所構成。轉 子與定子之間，透過軸承（未圖示），旋轉自如地支承著 此處，構成永久磁鐵4之N極5和S極6的磁鐵係利 用治具等，隔著一定的間隙7，以20個等間隔，並排連接 固定在轉子芯9的外周。另外，永久磁鐵的數量係依基本 上的槽組合來決定，不過一般欲使電磁部體積盡量縮小的 情況，則會變成很多磁極數的構成（例如，參考日本專利 文獻1、2 )。 專利文獻1 :日本專利特開2 0 0 2 — 1 5 9 1 5 2號公報 (提案書上第3頁，第1圖） 專利文獻2 :日本專利特開2002 - 191 146號公報 (提案書上第2頁，第1圖） 【發明內容】 <發明所欲解決之課題> 過去的間隙繞組型電動機’外徑很大致使磁極數量也 -5- (3) 1352481 變多，故會更增加永久磁鐵數量。永久磁鐵數量增加且被 細分化’永久磁鐵單體的體積會變小，不過一般磁鐵單體 ' 小體積化會導致成本增加，並且將磁鐵定位於轉子並進行 - 黏著時的安裝作業或者磁鐵安裝後的檢查，需要耗費很多 的時間’致使生產性變差。另外，磁鐵數量增加，則會有 容易受到磁鐵單體形狀的誤差、磁鐵安裝的誤差等的影響 ，關係到可靠性的問題。 # 本發明鑑於這個問題點’其目的係提供可增加永久磁 鐵的體積及數量減半，又達到成本的削減，並且具有縮短 黏接時間，優異的作業性、可靠性之轉子構造之間隙繞組 型電動機。 <用以解決課題之手段> 爲了要解決上述的問題’本發明則以下述的方式構成 〇 ©本發明的申請專利範圍第1項，是一種具備有：由圓 筒狀的定子芯、及在該定子芯的內周面或外周面的任一方 ，繞組旋轉磁場形成用的複數個空心形狀線圈而形成的電 樞繞組所構成之定子；及由介於前述定子和磁性空隙來呈 同心圓狀配置的轉子芯、及被設置在該轉子芯，並且具有 交互極性不同的複數個磁極’且呈圓弧狀分割的永久磁鐵 所構成之轉子間隙繞組型電動機，其特徵爲：前述複數個 被分割之永久磁鐵的單體，具有N極和S極的2極被磁化 過之N極磁化部及S極磁化部。 -6 - (4) (4)1352481 本發明的申請專利範圍第2項，如同申請專利範圍第 1項的間隙繞組型電動機，其中，在前述N極磁化部與前 述S極磁化部之間，設置用來抑制抖動之未磁化部。 【實施方式】 以下’根據圖面來詳細說明本發明的實施例。 <實施例1 > 第1圖爲表示本發明的第1實施例的間隙繞組型電動 機之正剖面圖。第2圖爲將第1圖中的間隙繞組型電動機 之電磁部擴大之正剖面圖。本實施例則是有20極、15線 圈之內轉子型的間隙繞組型電動機的一個例子。此外，本 發明的構成要件中’有關與過去技術相同點，其說明則省 略，只針對不同點進行說明。 以下爲本發明與過去技術的不同點。 即是不同點：複數個被分割之永久磁鐵4的單體，施 加過N極和S極的2極磁化而具有n極磁化部5和S極 fe化部6，在N極磁化部5與S極磁化部6之間，設有用 來抑制抖動之未磁化部8。 其次，針對磁鐵的組裝進行說明。 本實施例（第1圖和第2圖）係界磁的極數爲2〇極 、電樞的線圈數爲15個線圈之內轉子型的間隙繞組型電 動機的一個例子。槽組合也與過去相同，至於本實施例的 永久磁鐵4’分割磁鐵數量合計共1〇個，且1個分割磁鐵 (5) (5)1352481 對應於2個極，相對於過去技術，只改變永久磁鐵的大小 及數量。 轉子係在軸10經機械加工過後，將表面予以淨化， 將利用層積鋼板所形成之轉子芯9嵌合到該軸，其次，對 轉子芯9塗佈黏接劑（未圖示），將複數個被分割的永久 磁鐵4固定在轉子上。磁鐵的磁化也可以直接將黏接前被 磁化過的分割磁鐵黏接到軸上、或將未磁化的分割磁鐵黏 接到軸上後予以磁化的手法的任何一種》此情況，針對表 面磁鐵型的轉子，以在構成永久磁鐵之1個分割磁鐵的N 極磁化部5與S極磁化部6之間，設置未磁化部8，使齒 隙轉矩（cogging torque)抑制在最小限度，而獲得適當 的間隔的方式構成，不過爲了要採取其他的齒隙轉矩對策 ，也可以沿著轉子的軸方向朝向周方向偏移並有偏斜的間 隔來構成複數個分割過的永久磁鐵4。 另外，對於表面磁鐵型的轉子，如同高速旋轉用馬達 承受很大的離心力的情況，也能夠以採行：將薄壁狀的環 狀構件壓入到配置固定在轉子表面之永久磁鐵的外周來予 以固定、或者用楔子來固定到以等間隔配置之永久磁鐵的 間隙等的手法之方式，作爲用來獲的強度的固定方法。此 外，在最近，薄壁狀的環狀構件，具有碳纖維強化塑膠（ CERP )、鈦等之張力強度很大的材料，若可以將該兩種 形成爲環狀來壓入到轉子表面的話，會獲得更大的高速旋 轉，電動機的特性也會提高，製作上也變容易。 -8- (6) (6)1352481 〔發明效果〕 依據本發明的申請專利範圍第1項，因永久磁鐵的數 量可以減半，所以永久磁鐵黏接到轉子芯時的安裝作業或 者磁鐵安裝後的檢查所耗費的時間受到抑制，致使生產性 提高。另外，利用磁鐵數量的減半來抑制磁鐵單體形狀的 誤差、磁鐵安裝的誤差，故會使可靠性提高。另外，因每 一個永久磁鐵的黏接面積增加，所以黏接強度會增加，且 可靠性會提高。進而，因每一個永久磁鐵重量增加，所以 能夠削減成本。 依據本發明的申請專利範圍第2項，在任意的位置， 永久磁鐵之N極和S極的平衡變成均等，可以抑制齒隙轉 矩。 〔產業上利用的可能性〕 本發明的間隙繞組型電動機，具有可增加永久磁鐵的 體積及數量減半，又達到成本的削減，並且縮短黏接時間 ’優異的作業性、可靠性之轉子構造，故可以適用於當作 FA或0A等的產業領域的驅動電動機、或者當作電動汽車 的驅動電動機來使用之無刷DC電動機。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖爲表示本發明的第1實施例的間隙繞組型電動 機之正剖面圖。 第2圖爲將第1圖中的間隙繞組型電動機之電磁部擴 (7) 1352481 大之正剖面圖。 第3圖爲過去的間隙繞組型電動機之正剖面圖。 ' 第4圖爲將第3圖中的間隙繞組型電動機之電磁部擴 • 大之正剖面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :框架 # 2:定子芯 3 :空心形狀線圈 4 :永久磁鐵 5 : N極磁化部 6 : S極磁化部 7 :永久磁鐵間的間隙 8 :未磁化部 9 :轉子芯1352481 (1) EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION [Technical Fields of the Invention] The present invention relates to a brushless DC motor used as a driving electric motor for an industrial field such as FA or 0A or as a driving motor for an electric vehicle. In particular, a smooth armature winding type motor in which an armature winding for forming a rotating magnetic field is attached to an annular stator core having no magnetic salient pole (groove) is a so-called gap winding type motor. [Prior Art] In the past, a brushless DC motor is used as a drive motor for an industrial field such as FA or OA, or as a drive motor for an electric vehicle, and includes a plurality of hollow-shaped coils for forming a rotating magnetic field. A smooth armature winding type motor in which an armature winding is formed in an annular stator core without a magnetic salient pole (slot), that is, a so-called gap winding type motor, is similar to the drawings of Figs. 3 and 4. In addition, Figure 3 shows the past gap • The front section of the winding type motor. Fig. 4 is a front elevational view showing the enlarged electromagnetic portion of the gap winding type motor in Fig. 3. In the figure, the figure 1 is the frame, the figure 2 is the stator core, the figure 3 is the hollow-shaped coil, the figure 4 is the permanent magnet, and the figure 5 is the N-pole of the permanent magnet. Figure 6 is the S pole of the permanent magnet. Figure 7 is the gap between the permanent magnets, Figure 9 is the rotor core, Figure 10 is the shaft, and Figure n is the magnetic space. The stator of the gap-wound motor is a stator formed by laminating 矽 steel plates. The core 2' and the plural of the rotating magnetic field formed on the inner peripheral surface of the core 2 by the thin insulating layer provided with a thin insulating layer provided in order to ensure the necessary insulation - 4 - (2) (2) 1352481 The hollow-shaped coils 3 are constituted by armature windings formed by winding at 15 equal intervals. The armature winding is molded or impregnated with a resin and fixed integrally with the stator core 2. Further, the rotor is disposed in a concentric shape between the stator and the magnetic gap 11 and is fitted and fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 10, and is disposed on the rotor core 9 and has a different polarity of interaction. The plurality of magnetic poles are formed of a permanent magnet 4 such as a rare earth element which is divided into arcs. The rotor and the stator are rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown), and the magnets constituting the N pole 5 and the S pole 6 of the permanent magnet 4 are separated by a predetermined gap 7 by a jig or the like. 20 equally spaced, side-by-side connections are fixed to the outer circumference of the rotor core 9. Further, the number of the permanent magnets is determined by the basic groove combination. However, in general, when the volume of the electromagnetic portion is to be as small as possible, the number of magnetic poles is changed (for example, refer to Japanese Patent Literatures 1, 2). Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 2 - 1 5 9 1 5 2 (3rd page, 1st drawing of the proposal) Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-191 146 (Proposal [Page 2, Fig. 1] [Summary of the Invention] <Problems to be Solved by the Invention> In the past, the gap-wound motor has an outer diameter which greatly increases the number of magnetic poles -5 - (3) 1352481, so Increase the number of permanent magnets. The number of permanent magnets is increased and subdivided. The volume of permanent magnets will become smaller, but the general size of the magnets will increase the cost, and the magnets will be positioned in the rotor and - the installation work or the magnet installation After the inspection, it takes a lot of time to make the production worse. Further, when the number of magnets is increased, it is susceptible to errors in the shape of the magnet alone, errors in magnet mounting, and the like, and is related to reliability. In view of the problem, the present invention aims to provide a gap winding type of a rotor structure which can increase the volume and number of permanent magnets and reduce the cost, and has a reduction in bonding time, excellent workability and reliability. electric motor. <Means for Solving the Problems> In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is constituted by the following: And a stator formed by an armature winding formed by a plurality of hollow-shaped coils for forming a rotating magnetic field in either one of an inner circumferential surface or an outer circumferential surface of the stator core; and a concentric circle formed by the stator and the magnetic gap A rotor gap winding type motor comprising a rotor core disposed in the rotor core and having a plurality of magnetic poles having different polarities and having an arc-shaped division, wherein the plurality of The single body of the divided permanent magnet has an N-pole magnetization portion and an S-pole magnetization portion in which two poles of the N pole and the S pole are magnetized. -6 - (4) (4) 135 248. The gap-winding type motor according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the N-pole magnetization portion and the S-pole magnetization portion are between Set the unmagnetized part to suppress jitter. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. <First Embodiment> Fig. 1 is a front sectional view showing a gap winding type motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevational view showing the electromagnetic portion of the gap winding type motor in Fig. 1 enlarged. This embodiment is an example of a rotor winding type electric motor having a rotor of 20 poles and 15 coils. Further, the constituent elements of the present invention are the same as those of the prior art, and the description thereof will be omitted, and only the differences will be described. The following is a difference between the present invention and the prior art. That is, the difference is that the plurality of divided permanent magnets 4 are magnetized by the two poles of the N pole and the S pole, and have the n pole magnetization portion 5 and the S pole fe portion 6 in the N pole magnetization portion 5 and An unmagnetized portion 8 for suppressing chattering is provided between the S pole magnetized portions 6. Next, the assembly of the magnet will be described. The present embodiment (Figs. 1 and 2) is an example of a rotor-type gap-winding type motor in which the number of poles of the boundary magnet is 2 〇 and the number of coils of the armature is 15 coils. The groove combination is also the same as in the past. As for the total number of the permanent magnets 4' divided magnets of the present embodiment, a total of one, and one divided magnet (5) (5) 1352481 corresponds to two poles, and only changes with respect to the prior art. The size and number of permanent magnets. After the rotor 10 is machined, the rotor is cleaned, the rotor core 9 formed of the laminated steel sheet is fitted to the shaft, and the rotor core 9 is coated with an adhesive (not shown). A plurality of divided permanent magnets 4 are fixed to the rotor. The magnetization of the magnet can also directly bond the split magnet that has been magnetized before bonding to the shaft, or magnetize the unmagnetized split magnet to the shaft and magnetize it. In this case, for the surface magnet type In the rotor, the unmagnetized portion 8 is provided between the N-pole magnetized portion 5 and the S-pole magnetized portion 6 which constitute one split magnet of the permanent magnet, and the cogging torque is minimized. Although it is configured as an appropriate interval, a plurality of divided permanent magnets 4 may be formed so as to take other measures against the backlash torque so as to be offset from the axial direction of the rotor toward the circumferential direction and at a skewed interval. Further, in the case of the surface magnet type rotor, as the high-speed rotation motor receives a large centrifugal force, it is also possible to press the thin-walled annular member into the outer periphery of the permanent magnet disposed on the surface of the rotor. A method of fixing the strength to be obtained by fixing or fixing a wedge to a gap of a permanent magnet arranged at equal intervals. In addition, recently, a thin-walled annular member has a material having a high tensile strength such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CERP) or titanium, and if the two types can be formed into a ring shape and pressed into the rotor surface, By achieving greater high-speed rotation, the characteristics of the motor are also improved, and the production is also easier. -8- (6) (6) 1352481 [Effect of the Invention] According to the first aspect of the patent application of the present invention, since the number of permanent magnets can be halved, the mounting work when the permanent magnets are bonded to the rotor core or after the magnet is mounted The time taken for the inspection is suppressed, resulting in an increase in productivity. Further, by reducing the number of magnets by half, the error in the shape of the magnet alone and the error in the mounting of the magnet are suppressed, so that the reliability is improved. In addition, since the bonding area of each permanent magnet is increased, the bonding strength is increased and the reliability is improved. Further, since the weight of each permanent magnet increases, the cost can be reduced. According to the second aspect of the patent application of the present invention, the balance between the N pole and the S pole of the permanent magnet becomes equal at any position, and the backlash torque can be suppressed. [Industrial Applicability] The gap-wound motor of the present invention has a rotor structure that can increase the volume and number of permanent magnets, reduce the cost, and reduce the bonding time, which is excellent in workability and reliability. Therefore, it can be applied to a drive motor that is used as an industrial field such as FA or 0A, or a brushless DC motor that is used as a drive motor of an electric vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a front sectional view showing a gap winding type motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevational view showing the electromagnetic portion of the gap-winding type motor of Fig. 1 enlarged (7) 1352481. Fig. 3 is a front sectional view showing a conventional gap winding type motor. Fig. 4 is a front sectional view showing the enlargement of the electromagnetic portion of the gap winding type motor in Fig. 3. [Description of main component symbols] 1 : Frame # 2: Stator core 3: Hollow coil 4 : Permanent magnet 5 : N pole magnetized portion 6 : S pole magnetized portion 7 : Clearance between permanent magnets 8 : Unmagnetized portion 9 : Rotor core
1 1 :磁性空隙部 -10-1 1 : Magnetic Voids -10-