TWI338548B - - Google Patents

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TWI338548B
TWI338548B TW097106827A TW97106827A TWI338548B TW I338548 B TWI338548 B TW I338548B TW 097106827 A TW097106827 A TW 097106827A TW 97106827 A TW97106827 A TW 97106827A TW I338548 B TWI338548 B TW I338548B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
end portion
solder
soldering
wire
lead
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TW097106827A
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English (en)
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TW200938033A (en
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Micro Star Int Co Ltd
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Priority to TW097106827A priority Critical patent/TW200938033A/zh
Priority to US12/228,706 priority patent/US20090236136A1/en
Publication of TW200938033A publication Critical patent/TW200938033A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI338548B publication Critical patent/TWI338548B/zh
Priority to US13/606,164 priority patent/US20120325538A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3457Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
    • H05K3/3485Applying solder paste, slurry or powder
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/341Surface mounted components
    • H05K3/3421Leaded components
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/341Surface mounted components
    • H05K3/3431Leadless components
    • H05K3/3442Leadless components having edge contacts, e.g. leadless chip capacitors, chip carriers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/09Shape and layout
    • H05K2201/09818Shape or layout details not covered by a single group of H05K2201/09009 - H05K2201/09809
    • H05K2201/099Coating over pads, e.g. solder resist partly over pads
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10613Details of electrical connections of non-printed components, e.g. special leads
    • H05K2201/10621Components characterised by their electrical contacts
    • H05K2201/10636Leadless chip, e.g. chip capacitor or resistor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10613Details of electrical connections of non-printed components, e.g. special leads
    • H05K2201/10621Components characterised by their electrical contacts
    • H05K2201/10689Leaded Integrated Circuit [IC] package, e.g. dual-in-line [DIL]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/05Patterning and lithography; Masks; Details of resist
    • H05K2203/0502Patterning and lithography
    • H05K2203/0545Pattern for applying drops or paste; Applying a pattern made of drops or paste
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/30Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
    • H05K3/32Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
    • H05K3/34Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
    • H05K3/3452Solder masks
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00Metal working
    • Y10T29/49Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49124On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.
    • Y10T29/4913Assembling to base an electrical component, e.g., capacitor, etc.
    • Y10T29/49144Assembling to base an electrical component, e.g., capacitor, etc. by metal fusion

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)

Description

1338548 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種印刷電路板及製程,特別是指一 種提升無鉛製程良率之印刷電路板及製程。 【先前技術】 表面黏著技術(Surface Mount Technology; SMT)主 要應用於印刷電路板(Printed Circuit Board ; PCb )上的電 子元件黏著過程。 電子元件依外型包裝方式可分成通孔元件(Plated
Through Hole Component ; PTHC )以及表面黏著元件(
Surface Mount Device ; SMD)兩大類。通孔元件具有接腳 ,當放置在電路板正面時,電路板有對應的插孔允許接腳 通過,一旦過錫爐時會將接腳上錫固定於電路板背面;至 於表面黏著元件則是在平面的接腳處塗上錫膏,配合電路 板上電路大小位置,經加熱錫膏熔化後接腳即固定於電路 板上。 以表面黏著元件為例,不同製程設備依序區分為點膠 機、錫膏印刷機、零件取置機及迴焊爐,各部分通常會以 傳輸帶連結;點膠機在置放表面黏著元件的位置點膠,方 便暫時固定於製造過程中不掉落;接著,錫膏印刷機會對 準元件要被焊接的接腳印刷錫膏,再讓零件取置機自動將 表面黏著元件放置正確焊接位置;最後’經迴焊爐加熱後 使錫膏融化,表面黏著元件就完成焊接固定於電路板上。 其中印刷電路板的表面處理之一如噴錫(咖八卜 5 1338548
Solder Leveling ;簡稱HASL)處理所使用的是錫鉛(Sn/Pb 之組成比例為63/37 )焊料,為因應歐盟之「有害物質使用 限制指令」(簡稱ROHS )規範禁用含鉛產品的要求下, 勢必停止使用有錯的喷錫(Hot Air Solder Leveling ;簡稱 HASL )而改採不含鉛的表面處理如有機焊料保焊劑 (Organic Solder Preservative ;簡稱 OSP)、化銀(Immersion Sliver ;簡稱 Im Ag)、化鎳金(Electroless Nickle Immersion Gold 簡稱 ENIG)、化錫(Immersion Tin;簡稱 Im Sn)、無船喷 錫(Lead Free Hot Air Solder Leveling;簡稱 Pb Free)等。 另,迴焊爐(RE-FLOW )處理所使用的亦屬錫鉛( Sn/Pb之組成比例為63/37 )焊料,亦為因應歐盟之「有害 物質使用限制指令」規範禁用含鉛產品的要求下,勢必停 止使用錫鉛焊料而改採不含鉛的錫膏。 參閱圖1,一般印刷電路板9具有一基材93,基材93 具有複數焊墊(PAD) 931及複數導線932,且於基材93表 面具有一防焊層930覆蓋於該等導線932上,若一電子元 件接腳92以一無船錫膏(Lead-Free Solder ) 91黏著於焊塾 931上,則由於無鉛錫膏91的特性,導致了產品良率不佳 ,其原因包括: 1.無鉛錫膏91張力較大,於熔錫時不容易擴展至焊墊 932的整個銅箔上,導致焊墊931靠近導線932之處在表面 上形成無效吃錫區或產生裸銅或部分焊接材料停留於無效 焊墊。 2·無鉛錫膏91之錫含量於熔錫後較原有含鉛錫膏之錫 6 1338548 含量少’減也將冑致相同之錫|印刷量無法於熔錫後完 全塗佈於焊墊931的整個銅箔上。 3.原含鉛錫膏熔點約183。(:可至高溫22〇至225τ (溫 差約4(TC),而無鉛錫膏91的熔點約可至高溫約245 °C (溫差約30。〇’但一般零件之封裝耐溫約為24〇至25〇 C ’為避免零件溫度過高,無法以長時間高溫作為加強無 鉛錫膏91熔錫擴展至焊墊931的整個銅箔的效果。 因而,採用無鉛錫膏91的問題若無適當處理,常見錫 量不足將造成零件與銅箔間吃錫不良,使得空 短路等問題產生;&外,圓形焊㈣方形料過近容易短 路;焊墊931與導線932之間的接觸點於製程中,容易因 化學熔劑殘留而腐蝕導致慢性斷線。 我國發明專利第93134260號申請案提供一種藉由直接 在防焊層上進行到印的方法,使無鉛錫膏能完全覆蓋在基 材上之焊墊,雖然具有將一防焊層覆蓋基材及部分焊墊之 步驟,但由其習知技術的圖式(如該案之第ia〜1E圖)與改 良後之圖式(如該案之第2A〜2C圖)都顯示其防焊層覆蓋部 分為焊墊的二側並露出一焊墊開口,可知該案為製作類似 球柵陣列(Ball Grid Array; BGA)金屬接點的方法,又其具有 將錫膏至焊推進墊的步驟,目的在於表面均勻的無鉛錫膏 ,但在實際焊接電子元件時,仍然無法避免熔錫後因為錫 膏量無法完全爬錫整個焊墊的問題發生。 【發明内容】 因此,本發明之目的’即在提供一種提升無鉛製程良 7 1338548 率之印刷電路板及製程。 於是,本發明提升無鉛製程良率之印刷電路板供焊接 至少一電子元件,該印刷電路板包含—基材、一防焊漆及 一無鉛錫膏。 —該基材表面形成至少一導線及至少一焊墊,該焊墊界 定有一第一端部、一焊接部及一遠離該第一端部之第二端 部,且該第一端部連接該導線;該防焊漆覆蓋於該基材之 導線與該第一端部之表面但不及於該焊接部及該第二端部 ;該無㈣膏於料後使該電子元件與該焊接部彼此黏接 〇 本發明提升良率之製程包含下述步驟:(a)提供一基材 ,该基材之表面形成至少一導線及至少一焊墊該焊墊界 定有一第一端部、一焊接部及一遠離該第一端部之第二端 郤且4第一端部連接該導線;(b)覆蓋一防焊漆於該基材 之導線與該第一端部之表面但不及於該焊接部及該第二端 部,及(c)使用一無鉛錫膏,於熔錫後使一電子元件之接腳 與該焊接部彼此黏接。 本發明提升無鉛製程良率之印刷電路板及製程由於是 以防焊漆覆蓋焊墊的端部,不但防止吃錫不良的問題而且 增加70件腳的焊接的錫量,同時避免無鉛錫膏熔錫時不容 易擴展至焊墊的整個銅箔上的問題。 【實施方式】 有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效,在 以下配合參考圖式之較佳實施例的詳細說明中,將可清楚 8 1338548 的呈現。在本發明被t本細描述之前,要注意的是,在以下 的說明内容中’類似的元件是以相同的編號來表示。 參閱圖2 A,本發明提升無鉛製程良率之印刷電路板的 第一較佳實施例中,印刷電路板i包含一基材1〇、—防焊 漆(Solder Mask) 11 ;基材10表面形成至少—導線( Conductor Pattern) 21及至少一焊墊22,焊墊22界定有一 連接導線21之第一端部221、一焊接部220及一遠離第一 端部221之第二端部222。
防焊漆11是一防焊塗料層,覆蓋於基材1〇之導線21 與第一端部221之表面,但不及於焊接部22〇及第二端部 222之表面,且防焊漆n覆蓋於第一端部221之前緣概呈 一切線(直線)形。 參閱圖2B,無錯錫膏13未炫錫前覆蓋在第—端部221 之防知漆11表面至第二端部222,而於炼錫後可使一電子 TG件3之接腳31與焊接部22〇彼此黏接。
參閱圖3A及3B,本發明提升無錯製程良率之印刷電 路板的第二較佳實施例的全部元件與第-較佳實施例相同 且‘,.、金口锡膏13未炫錫前亦覆蓋在第一端部加,之防谭漆 丨1’表面至第二端部222’,唯一不同的是第二較佳實施例的 印刷電路板丨,的防谭漆u’覆蓋於第一端部221,之前緣概呈 一内凹弧形,如此一來即可與無鉛錫膏丨3,炫錫收縮後的外 擴弧形相互吻合,進而防止印刷電路板裸銅現象發生。 本發明提升良率之製程步驟分別以圖4至圖7各圖說 明之。 9 1338548 參閱圖4,首先提供一基材10,該基材1〇之表面形成 至夕導線21及至少一焊墊22,該焊墊22界定有一連接 導線21之第—端部221、一焊接部220及一遠離第一端部 221之第二端部222。 參閱圖5,接著,於該基材1〇之導線21與第一端部 221之表面覆蓋一防焊漆11,但不及於焊接部220及第二端 部222,且防焊漆u覆蓋於第一端部221之長度l係界於 4至6密爾(mn)之間;及使用一無鉛錫膏13,該無鉛錫膏 13尚未熔錫之前係覆蓋在第一端部221之防焊漆η表面至 第二端部222。 參閱圖6 ’然後’將一電子元件3之接腳31置放於對 應焊墊22的焊接部220的位置,且捿腳3丨與焊墊22之間 具有該無鉛錫膏13。 參閱圖7’最後,該無鉛錫膏13於熔錫後,便將電子 元件3之接腳31與該焊墊22的焊接部22〇彼此黏接,但 是由於防焊漆11覆蓋於第—端部221之表面,使得無紹錫 膏13只有朝向電子元件3之接腳31黏接,又由於無錯錫 膏13的張力較大、錫含量於熔錫後錫含量較少等因素致 使無紹錫f π嫁錫恰可擴展至焊&22未被防焊漆u覆蓋 的整個銅落’不致有裸焊或無效吃錫區的問題發生。 歸納上述,本發明提升無雜製程良率之印刷電路板及 製程由於是以防輝漆覆蓋部分焊塾22,即焊塾22的第一端 部22卜不但避免無㈣f 13 _時不容易擴展至谭塾U 的整個銅上的問題,並可防止裸銅產生、改善電子元件3 10 1338548 的接腳31吃錫高度、防止導線21與焊墊22之間的接觸點 於製程中容易因化學溶劑殘留而腐蝕導致慢性斷線問題; 又由於防焊漆11覆蓋焊墊22的第一端部221有固定的效果 ,因此也可有效改善維修時焊墊22脫落的現象。 惟以上所述者,僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已,當不 能以此限定本發日月實施之範圍,即大凡依本發明_請專利
範圍及發明說明内容所作之簡單的等效變化與修飾,皆仍 屬本發明專利涵蓋之範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是一立體示意圖,說明目前的印刷電路板使用益 船錫膏作為焊料時容易遇到在焊墊表面上形成無效吃錫區 或產生裸銅; 圖2A是-示意圖’說明本發明提升無鉛製程良率之印 刷電路板的第一較隹营尬加 ^ 隹貫施例其防焊漆覆蓋於第一端部之 前緣概呈一切線形;
是-示意圖’說明第一較佳實施例之無錯錫膏係 覆盍在第一端部之防焊漆表面至第二端部; 刷電示意圖,說明本發明提升無錯製程良率之印 =呈内較佳實施例’其防辉漆覆蓋於第-端部之 刖緣概呈一内凹弧形; 覆蓋在第心τ思圖’說明第一較佳實施例之無鉛錫膏係 覆盍在第1部之防焊漆表面至第二端部; 少-I4;是一示意圖,說明基材表面形成至少一導線及至 11 丄JJOJHO 圖 是—示意圖’, 膏於基材表面; 說明復蓋一防焊漆及使用一無鉛锡 圖6是一示意圖, 豳押拥L 說明將—電子元件之接腳置放於對 應焊墊的焊接部的位置:及 圖7是一示意圖’說明無鉛錫膏於熔錫後便將電子元 件之接腳與該焊墊的焊接部彼此黏接。
12 1338548 【主要元件符號說明】 〔習知〕 11、11 ’ ·防焊漆 9…… •…印刷電路板 13 ' 1 3 ’·無鉛錫膏 91 ···.· •…無鉛錫膏 21 ·· .......導線 Q Ο..... .· · /if?» 7 /4* p^cn .......'陌技 y L..... 尾于凡1干按聊 LL 坪变 93••… …·基材 220 .......焊接部 931 ··· •…焊墊 221 、22Γ第一端部 932… •…導線 222 、222’第二端部 〔本創作〕 3 ··· .......電子元件 1、1, •…印刷電路板 31 ·. .......接腳 10····. •…基材 13

Claims (1)

1338548 年(0月如修正分換頁 .....................、申請專利範圍 丨彳〜丨;更 第97106827號申請專利範圍替換頁(修正日期:991 〇) 1. 一種提升無鉛製程良率之印刷電路板,供焊接至少一電 子几件’該印刷電路板包含: —基材’其表面形成至少一導線及至少一焊塾,該 焊墊界定有一第一端部、一遠離該第一端部之第二端部 ,及一介於該第一端部及該第二端部之間的焊接部,且 該第一端部連接該導線; 一防焊漆,覆蓋於該基材之導線與該第—端部之表 φ 面但不及於該焊接部及該第二端部;及 一無敍錫膏’在未熔錫前係覆蓋在該第一端部之防 焊漆表面至該第二端部,於熔錫後使該電子元件與該焊 接部彼此黏接。 2.依據申請專利範圍第1項所述之提升無鉛製程良率之印 刷電路板,其中該防焊漆覆蓋於該第一端部之長度係界 於4至6密爾(mil)之間。 3 ·依據申请專利範圍第1或2項所述之提升無錯製程良率 • 之印刷電路板,其中該防焊漆覆蓋於該第一端部之前緣 概呈一内凹弧形或一切線形。 4. 一種提升良率之製程’包含下述步驟: (a) 提供一基材,該基材之表面形成至少一導線及 至少一焊墊,該焊墊界定有一第一端部、一遠離該第一 端部之第二端部,及一介於該第一端部及該第二端部之 間的焊接部’且該第一端部連接該導線; (b) 覆蓋一防焊漆於該基材之導線與該第一端部之 {r 14 1338548 第97106827號申請專利範圍替換頁(修正日期:991〇) 表面但不及於該焊接部.及該第二端部;及 (c)使用一無鉛錫膏,在未熔錫前係覆蓋在該第_ 端部之防焊漆表面至該第二端部,於熔錫後使一電子元 件之接腳與該焊接部彼此黏接。 5.依據巾請專利_第4項所述之提升良率之製程, S玄防焊漆覆蓋於古女笛_ ft山Λβ 且电〆 (_之間。帛^之長度係界於4至6密爾 6 ·依據申s青專利蘇固笛J。右
之製程, 内凹弧形 J粍圍第4或5項所述之提 : 其中該防焊漆番^ 促开良二 .覆盍於該第一端部之前緣概呈_ 或一切線形。
15 %
TW097106827A 2008-02-27 2008-02-27 Printed circuit board and fabrication process capable of increasing the yield rate of lead-free fabrication process TW200938033A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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