1331203 Π) 九、發明說明 【發明所屬的技術領域】 本發明是關於電冰箱，在用來將藉由冷卻器所產生的 冷氣輸送到儲藏室的管道內，具備有用來控制冷氣的流通 的氣門裝置。 【先前技術】 # 習知的家庭用的電冰箱，在電冰箱主體的背壁部的靠 近下部部位，設置有冷卻器室，該冷卻器室具備有冷卻 器，並且設置有：從該冷卻器室朝上方延伸，用來將所產 生的冷氣輸送到儲藏室（例如切換室）的管道。在上述管 道，組裝有氣門裝置’該氣門裝置用來控制，供給到儲藏 室的冷氣的流通情形（例如參照專利文獻1)。 第10圖是顯示這種氣門裝置1的外觀。也就是說， 該氣門裝置1，是將下述構造一體地作成組件化構造：配 ® 置成將管道分隔（封閉）爲上下的框架部2、將形成於該框 架部2的開口部2a予以開閉的擋板4、以及用來轉動該 擋板4的驅動機構部3。上述驅動機構部3，在作成稍縱 長的矩形箱狀的合成樹脂製的殼體6內，組裝入氣門馬達 7或齒輪機構（沒有圖示）。而且將旋轉軸8轉動驅動，該 旋轉軸8是設置成：從殻體6之中朝向管道的內側的內側 面6a的下部後端部起水平地突出。 上述擋板4是以合成樹脂作成矩形板狀，而連結於上 述旋轉軸8。在該擋板4的內面部（下面部），設置有：當 -5- (2) (2) 1331203 封閉框架部2的開口部2a時，會緊貼於開口部2a的周圍 部的密封構件5。上述框架部2，是以合成樹脂作成矩形 框狀’且以從上述驅動機構部3的殼體6的內側面6a的 下部起，朝內側方向水平延伸的方式，一體地設置於該殼 體6 » 該組件化的氣門裝置1，雖然沒有圖示，而上述驅動 機構部3是組裝成嵌入到，構成管道的壁部的隔熱材的凹 部內。此時’上述殼體6的內側面6a是配置成面對於管 道內。上述氣門馬達7，藉由控制裝置（沒有圖示）所進行 的通電控制’使擋板4開閉作動，而從管道控制朝向儲藏 室內的冷氣流通情形。 [專利文獻1] 日本特開平10— 205957號公報 【發明內容】 [發明欲解決的課題] 在上述的電冰箱，因爲冷卻器經常結霜而讓冷卻效率 降低。因此，例如會定期性地（當累計運轉時間到達預定 時間時）’停止冷卻運轉，進行通電到除霜加熱器的除霜 運轉。在該除霜運轉，會藉由加熱器的熱讓冷卻器的霜融 化，而會在冷卻器室內及管道內，充滿了較高溫的濕潤的 空氣。 儲藏室側與冷卻器比較起來溫度較低，並且在上述習 知的氣門裝置1，雖然幾乎所有構件是由合成樹脂所構 -6- 1331203 ρ) 成’而在殼體6內’內置有氣門馬達7，該氣門馬達7具 有金屬製的馬達框架，所以該部分的熱容量較其他部分更 大，即使在除霜運轉時也會有溫度不太上昇的情形（持續 低溫狀態）。因此’在除霜運轉結束後的擋板4開放時， 在殼體6的內側面6a部分產生凝結現象，該凝結水流下 來會積聚在旋轉軸8部分。而當凝結水積聚在旋轉軸8附 近時’在除霜後的冷卻運轉，會讓該水凍結，而在旋轉軸 φ 8可能會對擋板4的開閉動作造成障礙。 爲了防止該氣門裝置1的凝結情形，也有嘗試安裝： 用來將驅動機構部3的殼體6加熱的加熱器，例如在鋁箔 貼上電熱線的面加熱器。可是，會因爲增加加熱器而讓構 造複雜化，而會有導致成本上昇的缺失。 本發明鑒於該情形，其目的要提供一種電冰箱，在管 道內設置有氣門裝置，以簡單且廉價的構造，能防止氣門 裝置產生凝結，進而防止擋板凍結。 [用以解決課題的手段] 爲了達成上述目的，本發明的電冰箱，在用來將冷卻 器所產生的冷氣輸送到儲藏室的管道內，具備有：將氣門 馬達作爲驅動源來使擋板開閉的氣門裝置，藉由對於上述 氣門馬達的通電控制，使擋板開閉作動來控制冷氣的流 通，設置有：在上述擋板的開閉動作之外，對於上述氣門 馬達，不伴隨該擋板的開閉動作而進行自己發熱用的通電 的通電控制手段。 (4) 1331203 [發明效果] 藉由本發明的電冰箱，是在管道內設置有氣門裝置， 設置有：在擋板的開閉動作之外，對於氣門馬達，進行自 己發熱用的通電的通電控制手段；能達到：以簡單且廉價 的構造’來防止氣門裝置的凝結進而防止擋板凍結這樣優 異的效果。 【實施方式】 以下，針對本發明的一實施例，參照第1圖〜第8圖 來加以說明。首先，第2圖顯示本實施例的電冰箱的主體 11的構造。該電冰箱主體11，是將隔熱箱體12內，藉由 隔熱壁12a、12b、12C上下分隔，從上段起，依序設置 有··冷藏室13、製冰室14、蔬果室15、冷凍室16。上述 製冰室14，是與切換室17 (參照第3圖）一起左右並排設 φ 置。該切換室17，可藉由使用者的操作來切換複數的溫 度帶，而可切換成：冷凍室、局部室、急冷室、冷藏室 等。第3圖是顯不與第2圖的左右方向的位置相異的剖 面。 在上述冷藏室13的前面部，設置有鉸鏈開閉式的門 部18，在製冰室14、蔬果室15、冷凍室16的前面部， 分別設置有抽出式的門部19、20、21。在上述門部19的 背面部，連結有儲水容器22，在門部20、21的背面部， 分別連結著儲存容器23、24。在上述冷藏室13內，設置 -8- (5) (5)1331203 有用來檢測該冷藏室13內的溫度的冷藏室溫度感應器 25，在上述冷凍室16內，設置有用來檢測該冷凍室16內 的溫度的冷凍室溫度感應器26。並且在上述切換室17 內，設置有用來檢測該切換室17內的溫度的切換室溫度 感應器27(參照第6圖）。 如第3圖所示，在上述蔬果室15的背壁部，是重疊 有前後兩層地設置有冷藏室用冷卻器室28及冷凍室用冷 卻器室29。而也如第7圖所示，在上述冷藏室用冷卻器 室28內，設置有：用來將上述冷藏室13及蔬果室15予 以冷卻的冷藏室用冷卻器30及冷藏用送風風扇31。而在 上述冷凍室用冷卻器室29內，設置有：用來將冷凍室16 及製冰室14及切換室17予以冷卻的冷凍室用冷卻器32 及冷凍用送風風扇33(參照第3圖）。雖然沒有詳細圖示， 而冷藏室用冷卻器30及冷藏用送風風扇31、與冷凍室用 冷卻器32及冷凍用送風風扇33，是設置在左右錯開的位 置。而在上述冷凍室用冷卻器20，增設有除霜用加熱器 34(僅圖示於第6圖）。 如第2圖所示，當驅動上述冷藏用送風風扇31時， 以冷藏室用冷卻器30所產生的冷氣，其循環是從冷藏室 用冷卻器室28的上部，通過送風管道35，從複數的吹出 口供給到冷藏室1 3內，並且在供給到蔬果室1 5內之後， 回到冷藏室用冷卻器室28的下部。而冷藏室13及蔬果室 1 5內，是以例如3 t〜5 °C的冷藏溫度帶加以冷卻。 如第3圖所示，當驅動冷凍用送風風扇33時，以冷 (6) (6)1331203 凍室用冷卻器32所產生的冷氣，其循環是從冷凍室用冷 卻器室29的上部，通過管道36，供給到製冰室14(及切 換室1 7)，並且在供給到冷凍室1 6之後，回到冷凍室用 冷卻器室29的下部。而冷凍室16及製冰室14，是以例 如-1 8 °C以下的冷凍溫度帶加以冷卻。此時，在上述管道 36內，配設有：用來控制對於切換室17內的冷氣的控制 (將管道36的通路予以開閉）的氣門裝置37。後面會針對 該氣門裝置3 7加以敘述。 在該電冰箱主體11內，組裝有冷凍回路3 8(參照第7 圖）。此時，如第2圖所示，在電冰箱主體11的下端部背 面側，設置有機械室39，在該機械室39內，配設有：壓 縮機40及凝結器41、及用來將其冷卻的冷卻風扇42(參 照第6圖、第7圖）等。 如第7圖所示，該冷凍回路38，是將上述壓縮機 40'上述凝結器（冷凝器）41、具有一個入口 43a與第一及 第二的兩個出口 43b及43c的三向閥所構成的切換閥 43、 與該切換閥43的第一出口 43b連接的第一毛細管 44、 上述冷凍室用冷卻器32、儲壓器45、單向閥46 ’依 序藉由冷媒管連接成封閉回路，並且在上述切換閥43的 第二出口 43c、上述單向閥46與壓縮機40的連接點之 間，將第二毛細管47及上述冷藏室用冷卻器30’藉由冷 媒管而與冷凍室用冷卻器32等並聯連接。上述切換閥 43，是藉由以微電腦爲主體所構成的控制裝置48(參照第 6圖）所控制。 -10- (7) (7)1331203 當上述切換閥43切換到第一出口 43b側時，藉由壓 縮機40的驅動而讓冷媒通過凝結器41之後，在通過第一 毛細管44而供給到冷凍室用冷卻器32之後，依序通過儲 壓器45、單向閥46，然後回到壓縮機40(冷凍室冷卻模 式）。相對的，當切換閥43切換到第二出口 43c側時，在 藉由壓縮機40的驅動讓冷媒通過凝結器41之後，通過第 二毛細管47而供給到冷藏室用冷卻器31，然後回到壓縮 機40(冷藏室冷卻模式）。 針對上述氣門裝置3 7的構造來加以說明。該氣門裝 置37，如第4圖所示，是將：配置成將上述管道36分隔 爲上下的框架部49、將在該框架部49所形成的矩形的開 口部49a予以開閉的擋板50、及將該擋板50轉動的驅動 機構部5 1，組件化作成一體。上述驅動機構部5 1，在作 成稍縱長的矩形箱狀的合成樹脂製的殼體52內，組裝入 氣門馬達53或齒輪機構（沒有圖示）。而將旋轉軸54轉動 驅動，該旋轉軸54是設置成：從殼體52之中朝向管道 36的內側的內側面52a的下部後端部起水平地突出。在 殼體52的外壁部，設置有沒有圖示的連接器，將氣門馬 達5 3連接到驅動電路。 上述擋板50是以合成樹脂作成矩形板狀’而連結於 上述旋轉軸54。在該擋板50的內面部（下面部）’設置 有：當將框架部49的開口部49a封閉時，緊貼於開口部 49a的周圍部的密封構件55。上述框架部49，是以合成 樹脂作成在周圍部（三方面）具有立起壁部的矩形容器狀， -11 - (8) (8)1331203 是以從上述驅動機構部51的殼體52的內側面52a的下部 起，朝向內側方向水平地延伸的方式，將框架部49 一體 地設置於該殼體52。上述開口部49a，是矩形地形成在框 架部49的底壁部的中央部。 該組件化的氣門裝置3 7，如第3圖所示，是將上述 驅動機構部51組裝嵌入到，構成管道36的壁部的隔熱材 的凹部內。此時，將上述殻體52的內側面52a配置成面 對於管道36內。而上述氣門馬達53，藉由上述控制裝置 48經由沒有圖示的驅動電路而予以通電控制，使擋板50 開閉作動，來控制從管道3 6對於切換室1 7內的冷氣的流 通。 在本實施例，作爲上述氣門馬達5 3，是採用能順暢 進行得到高扭力的動作的雙相激磁式的步進馬達。如第5 圖（a)所示，該氣門馬達（步進馬達）53，是具有：作爲機械 角度錯開90度的A相位線圈56與B相位線圈57，對A 相位線圈56的端子A、A’ 、B相位線圈57的端子B、 B’ ，以第5圖（b)所示的模式，交互施加脈衝訊號來使其 旋轉。 在使擋板5 0從關閉狀態作動成開啓狀態的情況，藉 由以步驟1、2、3'4的順序（從第5圖（b)的左邊到右邊 的順序）的模式來進行通電，氣門馬達53進行正旋轉 (CW)。藉由以相反的順序（從第5圖（b)的右邊到左邊的順 序）通電，氣門馬達53進行逆旋轉（CCW)，擋板50從開 啓狀態朝關閉狀態轉動。而在該擋板50的開閉動作之 -12- (9) (9)1331203 後，氣門馬達53的通電被切斷，即使是該狀態，藉由氣 門馬達53的磁鐵滯留力，來維持擋板50的開閉狀態。 第6圖示槪略顯示以上述控制裝置48爲中心的電冰 箱主體11的電機構造。對該控制裝置48’輸入來自於上 述冷藏室溫度感應器25、冷凍室溫度感應器26、切換室 溫度感應器27的訊號，並且輸入來自於除霜感應器58的 訊號，並且輸入來自於用來檢測冰箱外的溫度（周圍溫度） 的外氣溫感應器59的訊號。如第7圖所示，上述除霜感 應器58，是增設於冷凍室用冷卻器32附近的儲壓器45。 該控制裝置48，是根據預先儲存的運轉控制程式， 根據該輸入訊號，來控制：上述壓縮機40、切換閥43、 冷藏用送風風扇31、冷凍用送風風扇33、冷卻風扇42、 除霜加熱器34、氣門馬達53等。 此時，控制裝置48，藉由該軟體構造，藉由上述切 換閥43的切換，一邊交互切換冷藏室冷卻模式、與冷凍 室冷卻模式，一邊執行冷卻運轉，而一邊交互地冷卻冷藏 室13(及蔬果室15)與冷凍室16(及製冰室14)，一邊將各 室13〜16內的溫度維持在設定溫度附近。而控制裝置 48，關於切換室17，根據所選擇的溫度帶與切換室溫度 感應器27的檢測溫度，來控制氣門裝置37(利用氣門馬 達53來進行擋板50的開閉），將內部維持在設定溫度 帶。 在該情況，控制裝置48，各針對冷藏室13及冷凍室 16，對於設定溫度（目標）來設定預定溫度幅度的ON溫度 -13- 1331203 (ίο) 及OFF溫度，基本來說，是根據上述冷藏室溫度感應器 25及冷凍室溫度感應器26的檢測溫度等’來將切換閥43 予以切換。 具體來說，針對冷藏室13’例如將ON溫度設定爲5 °C，OFF溫度設定爲2°C，針對冷凍室16，例如將ON溫 度設定爲一18 °C，OFF溫度設定爲-21 °C。而作爲切換模 式的條件，（1 )當冷卻中的室部的檢測溫度到達OFF溫度 時，（2)從前次的模式切換起經過一定時間（例如1 〇分鐘） 以上，且當非冷卻中的室部的檢測溫度上昇到ON溫度 時，（3)從前次的模式切換起經過預定時間（例如60分鐘） 時，的其中一種情況。當兩室部的檢測溫度雙方都在OFF 溫度以下時，壓縮機40關閉（停止冷卻運轉 此時，上述冷藏用送風風扇31，除了當冷媒流動於 冷藏室用冷卻器30時（冷藏室冷卻模式）之外，當冷凍室 冷卻模式執行時也會啓動，而能抑制冷藏室用冷卻器30 的結霜情形（潮濕運轉）。冷凍用送風風扇33，除了當冷媒 流動於冷凍室用冷卻器32時之外，當冷藏室冷卻模式執 行時也會啓動，藉由該控制，則即使當冷藏室冷卻模式執 行時，冷凍室用冷卻器32表面的溫度爲很低的溫度’所 以藉由驅動冷凍用送風風扇33，對於冷凍室16及製冰室 14(沒有圖示的製冰盤）供給冷風，而能有助於一定的冷 卻。上述冷卻風扇42，當驅動壓縮機40時啓動。 控制裝置48，在每次冷凍室冷卻模式的執行時間的 累計値到達預定時間（例如1 〇小時），則執行除霜運轉。 -14- (11) (11)1331203 而在本實施例’在除霜運轉之前執行預冷運轉。該預冷運 轉’首先’在將冷凍室16、14的設定溫度切換到低溫側 例如3 °C的狀態，以高轉數來連續驅動壓縮機40，執行冷 凍室冷卻模式’將冷凍室1 6等強制冷卻，然後，切換到 冷藏室冷卻模式’將冷藏室1 3等強制冷卻。 上述除霜運轉，在壓縮機40或各風扇31、33、42停 止的狀態’藉由通電到上述除霜加熱器34來執行，根據 除霜感應器58檢測到預定溫度（例如8°C )以上的溫度而結 束。在該除霜運轉時，上述氣門裝置37的擋板50爲封閉 狀態。如上述，關於冷藏室用冷卻器30，由於幾乎沒有 結霜，所以不需要特別利用加熱讓霜融化，而針對該冷藏 室用冷卻器30部分，也可設置除霜用加熱器及除霜感應 器同樣進行加熱。 在上述除霜運轉時，通電到除霜加熱器進行除霜運 轉。在該除霜運轉，是藉由除霜用加熱器34的熱，來將 附著在冷凍室用冷卻器32的霜融化，所以在冷凍室用冷 卻器室29內及管道36內，充滿了較高溫的濕潤空氣。而 在除霜運轉結束後，當上述氣門裝置37的擋板50開放 時，若殼體52的內側面52a部分成爲低溫的話’高溫濕 潤的空氣則可能接觸到其內側面52a而產生凝結。 因此，在本實施例，如之後的作用說明（流程圖說明） 所敘述，上述控制裝置48，除了爲了上述氣門裝置37的 擋板5 0的開閉動作（冷氣對於切換室1 7的流通的控制）而 控制對於氣門馬達53的通電之外，在上述擋板50的開閉 -15- (12) (12)1331203 動作時以外’對於上述氣門馬達53，不伴隨該擋板50的 開閉動作而進行自己發熱用的通電。而控制裝置48會作 爲通電控制手段的功能。 更具體來說’在本實施例，當進行自己發熱用的通電 時，是每隔一定時間交互地切換：氣門馬達53的朝向A 相位線圈56的通電 '朝向B相位線圈57的通電。在該情 況，在與前次使擋板50開閉作動時的最後的通電模式相 同的通電狀態，可使直流電流流到：A相位線圏5 6的端 子A、A’ 、B相位線圈57的端子B、B，。例如，在進 行前次擋板50的封閉動作時的最後的通電狀態，在第5 圖（b)的最右邊的模式的情況，對於A相位線圏56，通電 讓端子A爲+，端子A’爲—。對於B相位線圈57，通 電讓端子B爲_，端子B’爲+。 在本實施例’作爲進行上述自己發熱用的通電的時 機’在預冷運轉時，對於上述氣門馬達53開始進行自己 發熱用的通電，在除霜運轉中持續通電，在除霜運轉結束 後，當回到平常的冷卻運轉時，對於氣門馬達53結束自 己發熱用的通電，而回到平常的開閉動作控制。 接著，針對上述構造的作用來敘述。第1圖的流程 圖，顯示了：控制裝置4 8所執行，關於對於上述氣門馬 達53的自己發熱用的通電控制的部分的處理順序。也就 是說，首先，在步驟S1，判斷是否已開始進行預冷運 轉。若預冷運轉開始時（在步驟S1是YES)，在接下來的 步驟S2，開始進行相對於氣門馬達53的線圈56、57的 -16- (13) (13)1331203 自己發熱用的通電。該通電，如上述，是每隔一定時間交 互地反覆進行朝向A相位線圈56的通電、朝向B相位線 圈57的通電。 自從預冷運轉開始後，累計計時器經過一定時間時， 預冷運轉會結束（步驟S3)。然後，這次將除霜加熱器34 啓動，並且將氣門裝置37的擋板50封閉，開始進行除霜 運轉（步驟S 4)。在該除霜運轉時，繼續執行對於上述氣門 馬達53的自己發熱用的通電。 在接下來的步驟S5，判斷是否爲除霜運轉的結束時 機。在該情況，當檢測出除霜感應器58爲預定溫度（例如 8 °C )以上的溫度時，則判斷除霜完成，而即使除霜感應器 5 8沒有檢測出預定溫度（例如8°C )，則一旦從除霜運轉開 始經過一定時間（例如20分鐘）時，則會強制性結束。 若判斷除霜運轉結束（在步驟S5是YES)，則在步驟 S6將除霜用加熱器34關閉。在接下來的步驟S7，在經過 時間T1 (例如6分鐘）後，將壓縮機40啓動。藉由以時間 T1延遲開始進行壓縮機40的運轉，則讓各冷卻器3 0、3 2 的壓力平衡性良好。接著，在步驟S8，在經過時間T2(例 如4分鐘）後，將冷凍用送風風扇33驅動（正轉），並且， 以步驟S9，在經過時間Τ3(例如1分鐘）後，使冷凍用送 風風扇33逆轉。藉此，讓除霜所產生的溫暖空氣不會滯 留於管道36部分（氣門裝置37的下部）而流動。 在步驟S10，在時間Τ4(例如2分鐘）經過後，移往平 常的冷卻運轉。此時，結束相對於氣門馬達53的自己發 -17- (14) (14)1331203 熱用的通電’進行平常的氣門裝置37的開閉控制。讓冷 凍用送風風扇33的旋轉回到正轉。 藉由上述控制，對於氣門馬達53，不伴隨擋板50的 開閉動作’進行自己發熱用的通電，則氣門馬達5 3的線 圈56、57會發熱。藉由該發熱，讓氣門馬達53的馬達框 架的溫度提高’進而讓其周邊部分的溫度提高，則氣門裝 置37不易產生凝結。在該情況，藉由在容易產生氣門裝 置3 7部分的凝結情形的除霜運轉時，進行對於氣門馬達 53的自己發熱用的通電，則能有效地防止除霜運轉時及 之後產生凝結情形。並且，當預冷運轉時，是對於上述氣 門馬達5 3開始進行自己發熱用的通電，所以在除霜運轉 開始的時間點，能更有效地預先提高氣門馬達5 3的周邊 部分的溫度。 第8圖是顯示，在除霜運轉時及之後，調查氣門裝置 37的驅動機構部51的殼體52的表面（內側面52 a)的溫度 變化的實驗結果。圖中a，是進行本實施例的控制（自己發 熱用的通電）時的溫度變化，圖中b，是沒有進行自己發 熱用的通電的習知情形的溫度變化。圖中c，是顯示管道 36內（氣門裝置37的下部）的溫度變化的情形。 從該實驗結果，可了解藉由本實施例，讓氣門裝置 37的溫度較高，可以防止凝結情形。尤其是藉由步驟S7 〜S9的控制，藉由延遲將擋板50開放的時機，則可更提 高防止凝結效果。 藉由本實施例，在管道36內設置氣門裝置37’在擋 -18- (15) 1331203 板50的開閉動作以外，對於氣門馬達53，不伴隨該擋板 5 0的開閉動作而進行自己發熱用的通電’所以能防止氣 門裝置37的凝結，進而防止擋板50凍結。在該情況，不 需要附加另外的加熱器等，藉由氣門馬達53的通電控 制，則能防止凝結情形甚至凍結情形地產生，而能以簡單 且廉價的構造完成。 尤其在本實施例，是在最有效的時機來進行，對於氣 # 門馬達5 3的自己發熱用的通電，所以既能有效地防止凝 結情形，又能節省電力。並且在本實施例，當進行自己發 熱用的通電時，是交互地切換：朝向氣門馬達53的A相 位線圈5 6的通電、朝向B相位線圈5 7的通電，所以不會 只消耗其中一方的相位的線圈（使用壽命降低），而能抑制 線圈56' 57的使用壽命的降低❶ 第9圖的流程圖，是顯示本發明的其他實施例。該實 施例，與上述實施例不同之處在於，藉由作爲通電控制手 ® 段的控制裝置4 8所控制，對於氣門馬達5 3的自己發熱用 的通電時機。控制裝置48，根據來自於用來檢測冰箱外 的溫度的外氣溫感應器59的訊號、及切換室17的設定溫 度帶，進行對於氣門馬達53的自己發熱用的通電。而當 然還有對氣門裝置3 7進行平常的控制（擋板50的開閉控 制）。 首先，在步驟S21，判斷外氣溫感應器59是否檢測 到預定溫度（例如1 〇°C )以下。當外氣溫感應器59檢測到 預定溫度以下時（在步驟S21爲 YES)，在接下來的步驟 -19- (16) (16)1331203 S22，判斷切換室17的設定是否在冷凍室溫度帶以外。當 切換室17的設定在冷凍室溫度帶以外時（在步驟S22爲 YES)，在步驟S23’執行對於氣門馬達53的自己發熱用 的通電。 之後在步驟S24，監測外氣溫感應器59的檢測溫度 是否在預定溫度（例如1 (TC )以下，當檢測到超過預定溫度 的溫度時（在步驟S24爲NO)，則在步驟S25，停止對於 氣門馬達53的自己發熱用的通電。之後，反覆進行從步 驟S 2 1開始的處理。 當切換室17設定爲冷凍室溫度帶時，氣門裝置37的 擋板50’大部分的時間是處於開放狀態，成爲冷氣隨時 流通於管道36內的狀態，殼體52不容易產生凝結。相對 的，當切換室17設定在冷藏室 '急冷室等的較高的溫度 帶時，則擋板5 0封閉的時間變多，在該情況，冷氣會沉 澱於管道36內（氣門裝置37附近），所以當擋板50開放 時’往往會產生凝結情形。而在冬天而冰箱外的氣溫較低 等情形，氣門裝置37容易變得更低溫，所以殼體52容易 產生凝結情形。 因此，如本實施例，當切換室17設定在冷凍室溫度 帶以外，且外氣溫感應器檢測到預定溫度以下時，藉由作 成對於氣門馬達5 3進行自己發熱用的通電，則能抑制氣 門裝置37成爲低溫，能有效地防止氣門裝置37產生凝 結。而對於氣門馬達53進行自己發熱用的通電，與隨時 進行的方式相比’能更省電力，而不需要另外附加加熱 -20- (17) (17)1331203 器，能以簡單且廉價的構造完成。 而雖然省略圖示，而本發明也能變更成以下的方式來 實施。首先，作爲對於氣門馬達53進行自己發熱用的通 電的時機，可用如下的幾種變形方式。也可設置用來檢測 除霜感應器5 8的故障的故障檢測手段，當藉由故障檢測 手段檢測出除霜感應器58的故障時，則隨時進行對於氣 門馬達53的自己發熱用的通電。藉此，在除霜感應器58 故障時，則能確實地防止氣門裝置3 7產生凝結情形。 或者在氣門裝置3 7的擋板5 0的開放狀態，也可對氣 門馬達53連續或間續地進行自己發熱用的通電。藉此， 當擋板50開放而冷氣流通於氣門裝置37之中容易產生凝 結的部分時，能使氣門馬達5 3發熱，則能抑制容易產生 凝結的部分成爲低溫，而能提高凝結防止效果。 並且，在電冰箱的電源開啓之後，各儲藏室13〜17 的溫度較高，所以急速地冷卻到某程度的低溫的方式很重 要。並且，在降溫的期間，氣門裝置37部分的溫度也較 高，所以產生凝結的可能性較小，也不需要進行自己發熱 用的通電。 所謂的降溫期間，具體來說，能判斷爲：在電源啓動 後直到經過預定時間（例如1 5 0分鐘），或冷凍室冷卻模式 或冷藏室冷卻模式的回路執行過預定次數（例如3次），或 者冷凍室用冷卻器32直到成爲預定溫度（例如—20°C )， 或冷凍室13(或製冰室14)內直到成爲預定溫度（例如—1〇 °C )，的其中一種。 -21 - (18) (18)1331203 因此，在電源啓動後，在直到判斷儲藏室13〜17的 溫度降低到預定溫度以下爲止的降溫期間，也可作成禁止 對於氣門馬達53進行自己發熱用的通電。藉此，在不會 產生凝結情形的狀態下，利用禁止通電則可節省電力。 作爲對於氣門馬達53進行自己發熱用的通電的模 式，在擋板50的封閉狀態，以進行該擋板50的封閉動作 時的模式，進行對於雙相位的線圏56、57的通電，在擋 板5 0的開放狀態，以進行該擋板5 0的開放動作時的模 式，進行對於該雙相位的線圈56、57的通電。藉此，則 既可達成所預期的目的，也可減少因爲反覆進行擋板50 的開閉所導致的踏板的偏移情形，能得到所謂的緊固效 果。 其他，本發明並不限於上述各實施例，例如針對電冰 箱主體的各室部的構造（配置）、或設置兩個冷卻器的位置 等的構造，可進行各種變更。而雖然針對用來控制切換室 的冷氣流通的氣門裝置加以說明，而在例如具備有一個冷 卻器的電冰箱，對於用來控制朝向冷藏室的冷氣流通的氣 門裝置也適用本發明。而在關於兩個儲藏室分別控制冷氣 流通的情況，能設置兩個氣門裝置，也能將該兩個氣門裝 置組成一個組件。並且，即使是上述的設定溫度或時間等 的具體數値，也只不過是一個例子，可以適當變更，在不 脫離本發明的主旨的範圍內可適當變更。 【圖式簡單說明】 -22- (19) 1331203 . 第1圖顯示本發明的一實施例，是顯示與對於氣門馬 達的自己發熱用的通電控制相關的處理順序的流程圖。 第2圖是槪略性地顯示電冰箱的全體構造的縱剖側面 圖。 第3圖是顯示冷卻器室及其附近構造的放大縱剖側面 圖。 第4圖是氣門裝置的立體圖。 # 第5圖是氣門馬達的線圈的通電方式的說明圖。 第6圖是顯示主要部分的電機構造的方塊圖。 第7圖是冷凍回路的構造的顯示圖。 第8圖是調查氣門裝置的溫度變化的實驗結果的顯示 圖。 第9圖是顯示本發明的其他實施例的與第1圖相當的 圖面。 第10圖是顯示習知例子的與第4圖相當的圖面。 【主要元件符號說明】 11 :電冰箱主體 17 :切換室 27:切換室溫度感應器 29:冷凍室用冷卻器室 32:冷凍室用冷卻器 33:冷凍用送風風扇 3 4 :除霜加熱器 -23- (20)1331203 36 :管道 3 7 :氣門裝置 38 :冷凍回路 48 :控制裝置（通電控制手段） 49 :框架部 49a :開口部 50 :擋板133. The invention relates to a refrigerator, and a valve for controlling the circulation of cold air is provided in a duct for conveying cold air generated by a cooler to a storage compartment. Device. [Prior Art] # A conventional household refrigerator is provided with a cooler chamber provided at a lower portion of a back wall portion of a refrigerator main body, the cooler chamber being provided with a cooler, and provided with: from the cooler The chamber extends upward to transport the generated cold air to the conduit of the storage compartment (eg, the switching compartment). In the above-described duct, a valve device is incorporated. This valve device controls the flow of cold air supplied to the storage chamber (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Fig. 10 is a view showing the appearance of such a valve device 1. In other words, the valve device 1 is integrally formed into a modular structure in which the frame portion 2 is partitioned (closed) into a vertical portion, and the opening portion 2a formed in the frame portion 2 is placed. The shutter 4 that opens and closes, and the drive mechanism portion 3 for rotating the shutter 4. In the drive mechanism unit 3, a valve motor 7 or a gear mechanism (not shown) is incorporated in a rectangular resin box 6 made of a synthetic resin having a slightly long length. Further, the rotary shaft 8 is rotationally driven, and the rotary shaft 8 is provided to protrude horizontally from the lower rear end portion of the inner side surface 6a of the inner side of the duct 6 from the casing 6. The baffle 4 is formed in a rectangular plate shape of synthetic resin and is coupled to the rotating shaft 8. In the inner surface portion (lower surface portion) of the baffle plate 4, when the opening portion 2a of the frame portion 2 is closed by -5 - (2) (2) 1331203, a sealing member that abuts against the peripheral portion of the opening portion 2a is provided. 5. The frame portion 2 is formed in a rectangular frame shape of synthetic resin and is integrally provided in the casing 6 so as to extend horizontally from the lower portion of the inner side surface 6a of the casing 6 of the drive mechanism portion 3 in the inward direction. » Although the component valve device 1 is not shown, the drive mechanism portion 3 is assembled into a recessed portion of a heat insulating material that is formed in a wall portion of the duct. At this time, the inner side surface 6a of the above casing 6 is disposed to face the inside of the pipe. The valve motor 7 is opened and closed by the energization control by a control device (not shown) to control the flow of the cold airflow toward the storage chamber from the duct. [Problem to be Solved by the Invention] In the above-described refrigerator, since the cooler is often frosted, the cooling efficiency is lowered. Therefore, for example, the cooling operation is stopped periodically (when the accumulated operation time reaches the predetermined time), and the defrosting operation of the defrosting heater is performed. In this defrosting operation, the frost of the cooler is melted by the heat of the heater, and the humidified air is filled in the cooler chamber and the duct. The storage compartment side has a lower temperature than the cooler, and in the above-described conventional valve device 1, although almost all members are made of synthetic resin-6- 1331203 ρ), and inside the casing 6 'built-in valve The motor 7 has a metal motor frame, so that the heat capacity of the portion is larger than that of the other portions, and there is a case where the temperature does not rise even during the defrosting operation (continuous low temperature state). Therefore, when the shutter 4 after the completion of the defrosting operation is opened, a condensation phenomenon occurs in the inner side surface 6a of the casing 6, and the condensed water flows down to accumulate in the portion of the rotary shaft 8. When the condensed water accumulates near the rotating shaft 8, the cooling operation after the defrosting causes the water to freeze, and the rotating shaft φ 8 may hinder the opening and closing operation of the shutter 4. In order to prevent the condensation of the valve device 1, there is also an attempt to install a heater for heating the casing 6 of the drive mechanism portion 3, for example, a surface heater to which an electric wire is attached to an aluminum foil. However, the structure is complicated by the addition of the heater, and there is a lack of cost increase. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a refrigerator in which a valve device is provided in a simple and inexpensive configuration, which prevents condensation of the valve device and prevents the shutter from freezing. [Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve the above object, a refrigerator according to the present invention is provided in a duct for conveying cold air generated by a cooler to a storage compartment, using a valve motor as a drive source to cause a shutter The valve device that opens and closes controls the flow of the cold air by opening and closing the shutter by energization control of the valve motor, and is provided with the shutter motor not including the shutter. The energization control means for energizing the self-heating is performed by opening and closing the operation. (4) 1331203 [Effect of the Invention] The refrigerator according to the present invention is provided with a valve device in the duct, and is provided with an energization control means for energizing the valve motor in addition to the opening and closing operation of the shutter. It is possible to achieve an excellent effect of preventing the condensation of the valve device and preventing the baffle from freezing by a simple and inexpensive structure. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 8 . First, Fig. 2 shows the configuration of the main body 11 of the refrigerator of the present embodiment. In the refrigerator main body 11, the heat insulating box 12 is vertically partitioned by the heat insulating walls 12a, 12b, and 12C, and the refrigerator compartment 13, the ice making compartment 14, and the fruit and vegetable compartment 15 are sequentially provided from the upper stage. Freezer compartment 16. The ice making chamber 14 is disposed side by side with the switching chamber 17 (see Fig. 3). The switching chamber 17 can be switched between a plurality of temperature zones by a user's operation, and can be switched into a freezer compartment, a partial compartment, a quenching compartment, a refrigerating compartment, and the like. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a position different from the position in the left-right direction of Fig. 2; A hinged open door portion 18 is provided at a front portion of the refrigerating compartment 13, and drawer-type door portions 19, 20, and 21 are provided in front of the ice making chamber 14, the vegetable compartment 15, and the freezer compartment 16, respectively. The water storage container 22 is connected to the rear surface portion of the door portion 19, and the storage containers 23 and 24 are connected to the rear surface portions of the door portions 20 and 21, respectively. In the above-described refrigerating chamber 13, there is provided a -8-(5) (5) 13130201 having a refrigerating compartment temperature sensor 25 for detecting the temperature in the refrigerating compartment 13, and in the freezing compartment 16, a freezing compartment is provided for detecting Freezer compartment temperature sensor 26 for temperature within 16. Further, in the switching chamber 17, a switching chamber temperature sensor 27 for detecting the temperature in the switching chamber 17 is provided (see Fig. 6). As shown in Fig. 3, in the back wall portion of the vegetable compartment 15, a refrigerator compartment cooler chamber 28 and a freezer compartment cooler chamber 29 are provided in two layers. Further, as shown in Fig. 7, the refrigerating compartment cooler chamber 28 is provided with a refrigerating compartment cooler 30 and a refrigerating air blowing fan 31 for cooling the refrigerating compartment 13 and the vegetable compartment 15. In the freezer compartment cooler chamber 29, a freezer compartment cooler 32 and a freezing blower fan 33 for cooling the freezing compartment 16 and the ice making compartment 14 and the switching compartment 17 are provided (see FIG. 3). ). The refrigerating compartment cooler 30, the refrigerating air blowing fan 31, the freezing compartment cooler 32, and the freezing air blowing fan 33 are disposed at positions shifted to the right and left, although not shown in detail. Further, in the above-described freezer compartment cooler 20, a defrosting heater 34 (only shown in Fig. 6) is added. As shown in Fig. 2, when the refrigerating blower fan 31 is driven, the cold air generated by the refrigerating compartment cooler 30 is circulated from the upper portion of the refrigerating compartment cooler chamber 28 through the air duct 35. The blowout port is supplied into the refrigerating compartment 13 and, after being supplied into the vegetable and fruit compartment 15, returns to the lower portion of the refrigerating compartment cooler chamber 28. The refrigerator compartment 13 and the fruit and vegetable compartment 15 are cooled by a refrigerating temperature zone of, for example, 3 t to 5 °C. As shown in Fig. 3, when the cooling blower fan 33 is driven, the cold air generated by the cold (6) (6) 1313023 freeze chamber cooler 32 is circulated from the upper portion of the freezer compartment cooler chamber 29. It is supplied to the ice making chamber 14 (and the switching chamber 17) through the duct 36, and is returned to the lower portion of the freezer compartment cooler chamber 29 after being supplied to the freezing compartment 16. The freezing compartment 16 and the ice making compartment 14 are cooled by a freezing temperature zone of, for example, -1 °C or lower. At this time, in the duct 36, a valve device 37 for controlling the cold air in the switching chamber 17 (opening and closing the passage of the duct 36) is disposed. This valve device 3 will be described later. A refrigeration circuit 38 is incorporated in the refrigerator main body 11 (see Fig. 7). At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, a machine room 39 is provided on the back side of the lower end portion of the refrigerator main body 11, and a compressor 40 and a condenser 41 are disposed in the machine room 39, and The cooled cooling fan 42 (see Fig. 6 and Fig. 7) and the like. As shown in Fig. 7, the refrigeration circuit 38 is a three-way valve of the compressor 40' condenser (condenser) 41, and having one inlet 43a and first and second outlets 43b and 43c. The switching valve 43 and the first capillary 44 connected to the first outlet 43b of the switching valve 43, the freezer compartment cooler 32, the accumulator 45, and the check valve 46' are sequentially closed by a refrigerant pipe. In the circuit, between the second outlet 43c of the switching valve 43 and the connection point between the check valve 46 and the compressor 40, the second capillary 47 and the refrigerator compartment cooler 30' are cooled by a refrigerant pipe. The chamber coolers 32 are connected in parallel. The above-described switching valve 43 is controlled by a control device 48 (see Fig. 6) mainly composed of a microcomputer. -10- (7) (7) 13312203 When the switching valve 43 is switched to the first outlet 43b side, the refrigerant is passed through the condenser 41 by the driving of the compressor 40, and then supplied to the freezing unit through the first capillary 44. After the chamber cooler 32, it sequentially passes through the accumulator 45, the check valve 46, and then returns to the compressor 40 (freezer chamber cooling mode). On the other hand, when the switching valve 43 is switched to the second outlet 43c side, after the refrigerant is passed through the condenser 41 by the driving of the compressor 40, it is supplied to the refrigerating compartment cooler 31 through the second capillary 47, and then returned. Compressor 40 (refrigeration chamber cooling mode). The structure of the above-described valve device 37 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the valve device 37 is configured such that the duct 36 is partitioned into upper and lower frame portions 49, and a shutter 50 that opens and closes the rectangular opening portion 49a formed in the frame portion 49, And the drive mechanism portion 51, which rotates the shutter 50, is integrally assembled. The drive mechanism unit 5 1 incorporates a valve motor 53 or a gear mechanism (not shown) in a casing 52 made of a synthetic resin having a slightly long rectangular shape. On the other hand, the rotary shaft 54 is rotatably driven, and the rotary shaft 54 is provided to protrude horizontally from the lower end portion of the inner side surface 52a of the inner side of the duct 52 toward the inner side surface 52a of the duct 36. A connector (not shown) is provided on the outer wall portion of the casing 52, and the valve motor 53 is connected to the drive circuit. The baffle 50 is connected to the rotating shaft 54 by a rectangular plate shape of synthetic resin. The inner surface portion (lower surface portion) of the baffle 50 is provided with a sealing member 55 that is in close contact with the peripheral portion of the opening portion 49a when the opening portion 49a of the frame portion 49 is closed. The frame portion 49 is formed of a synthetic resin in a rectangular container shape having a rising wall portion in the peripheral portion (three aspects), and -11 - (8) (8) 13312203 is a casing 52 from the drive mechanism portion 51. The frame portion 49 is integrally provided to the casing 52 so as to extend horizontally in the inboard direction from the lower portion of the inner side surface 52a. The opening portion 49a is formed in a rectangular shape at a central portion of the bottom wall portion of the frame portion 49. As shown in Fig. 3, the assembled valve device 3, 7 is assembled and fitted into the recess of the heat insulating material constituting the wall portion of the duct 36. At this time, the inner side surface 52a of the above casing 52 is disposed to face the inside of the duct 36. The valve motor 53 is energized and controlled by the control device 48 via a drive circuit (not shown) to open and close the shutter 50 to control the flow of cold air from the duct 36 to the switching chamber 17. In the present embodiment, the valve motor 53 is a two-phase excitation type stepping motor that can smoothly perform an operation of obtaining a high torque. As shown in Fig. 5(a), the valve motor (stepping motor) 53 has an A-phase coil 56 and a B-phase coil 57 which are shifted by 90 degrees as a mechanical angle, and terminals A and A of the A-phase coil 56. The terminals B and B' of the B-phase coil 57 are alternately applied with a pulse signal to rotate them in the mode shown in Fig. 5(b). In the case where the shutter 50 is actuated from the closed state to the open state, energization is performed by the mode in the order of steps 1, 2, and 3'4 (from the left to the right of FIG. 5(b)). The valve motor 53 performs positive rotation (CW). By energizing in the reverse order (from the right side to the left side of Fig. 5(b)), the valve motor 53 is reversely rotated (CCW), and the shutter 50 is rotated from the open state to the closed state. On the other hand, after the opening and closing operation of the shutter 50 is -12-(9)(9)1331203, the energization of the valve motor 53 is cut off, and even in this state, the baffle of the valve motor 53 is maintained to maintain the baffle. 50 open and close state. The sixth diagram schematically shows the motor structure of the electric ice box main body 11 centering on the above-described control device 48. The control device 48' inputs signals from the refrigerating compartment temperature sensor 25, the freezing compartment temperature sensor 26, and the switching compartment temperature sensor 27, and inputs a signal from the defrost sensor 58 and inputs the input therefrom. The signal of the outside air temperature sensor 59 for detecting the temperature (ambient temperature) outside the refrigerator. As shown in Fig. 7, the defrosting sensor 58 is an accumulator 45 which is provided in the vicinity of the freezer compartment cooler 32. The control device 48 controls the compressor 40, the switching valve 43, the refrigerating blower fan 31, the refrigerating blower fan 33, the cooling fan 42, and the defrosting heating based on the input control signal based on the input control signal stored in advance. The device 34, the valve motor 53, and the like. At this time, the control device 48 alternately cools the refrigerating compartment 13 while performing the cooling operation while switching the refrigerating compartment cooling mode and the freezing compartment cooling mode by switching the switching valve 43 by the soft structure. The fruit and vegetable compartment 15) and the freezing compartment 16 (and the ice making compartment 14) maintain the temperature in each of the chambers 13 to 16 near the set temperature. On the other hand, the control unit 48 controls the valve device 37 (the opening and closing of the shutter 50 by the valve motor 53) based on the selected temperature zone and the detected temperature of the switching chamber temperature sensor 27, and maintains the inside. Set the temperature band. In this case, the control device 48 sets the ON temperature of the predetermined temperature range to the set temperature (target) for each of the refrigerating compartment 13 and the freezing compartment 16, and the OFF temperature is basically based on the above. The switching temperature of the refrigerator compartment temperature sensor 25 and the freezer compartment temperature sensor 26 is switched to switch the switching valve 43. Specifically, for the refrigerating compartment 13', for example, the ON temperature is set to 5 °C, the OFF temperature is set to 2 °C, and for the freezing compartment 16, for example, the ON temperature is set to 18 ° C, and the OFF temperature is set to -21 °. C. On the other hand, as a condition of the switching mode, (1) when the detected temperature of the room portion during cooling reaches the OFF temperature, (2) a certain period of time (for example, 1 〇 minute) elapses from the previous mode switching, and when it is not cooled When the detected temperature of the chamber rises to the ON temperature, (3) one of the cases when a predetermined time (for example, 60 minutes) elapses from the previous mode switching. When both of the detection temperatures of the two chamber portions are equal to or lower than the OFF temperature, the compressor 40 is turned off (the cooling operation is stopped at this time, the refrigerating air supply fan 31 is installed, except when the refrigerant flows through the refrigerating chamber cooler 30 (refrigeration chamber cooling mode) In addition, when the freezing compartment cooling mode is executed, it is also activated, and the frosting of the refrigerating compartment cooler 30 (wet operation) can be suppressed. The freezing air blowing fan 33 is free of the refrigerant flowing through the freezing compartment cooler 32. In addition, when the refrigerating compartment cooling mode is executed, it is also activated. With this control, even when the refrigerating compartment cooling mode is executed, the temperature of the surface of the refrigerating compartment cooler 32 is a very low temperature', so by driving the freezing The supply fan 33 supplies cold air to the freezing compartment 16 and the ice making compartment 14 (an ice tray not shown), and contributes to constant cooling. The cooling fan 42 is activated when the compressor 40 is driven. 48. The defrosting operation is performed every time the cumulative 値 of the execution time of the freezing compartment cooling mode reaches a predetermined time (for example, 1 〇 hour). -14- (11) (11) 13312032 and in the present embodiment 'Pre-cooling operation is performed before the defrosting operation. The pre-cooling operation 'firstly' switches the set temperature of the freezing compartments 16 and 14 to the low temperature side, for example, 3 ° C, and continuously drives the compressor 40 at a high number of revolutions. The freezer compartment cooling mode is executed to "force the cooling of the freezing compartment 16 or the like, and then switch to the refrigerating compartment cooling mode" to forcibly cool the refrigerating compartment 13 or the like. The defrosting operation is performed on the compressor 40 or the fans 31, 33, 42 The stopped state is executed by energization to the above-described defrosting heater 34, and ends when the defrosting sensor 58 detects a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 8 ° C). In the defrosting operation, the above-described valve device 37 As described above, since the refrigerator 30 for the refrigerator compartment has almost no frost, it is not necessary to use heat to melt the frost, and the refrigerator 30 for the refrigerator compartment can be provided. The frost heater and the defrosting sensor are heated in the same manner. During the defrosting operation, the defrosting heater is energized to perform the defrosting operation. The defrosting operation is performed by the heat of the defrosting heater 34. Will Since the frost adhering to the freezer compartment cooler 32 is melted, the inside of the freezer compartment cooler chamber 29 and the duct 36 are filled with warm air of a relatively high temperature. After the defrosting operation is completed, the valve device 37 is blocked. When the plate 50 is opened, if the inner side surface 52a of the casing 52 becomes a low temperature, the high-temperature humid air may come into contact with the inner side surface 52a to cause condensation. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the following description will be given (flowchart description It is to be noted that the control device 48 controls the power supply to the valve motor 53 in addition to the opening and closing operation of the shutter 50 of the valve device 37 (the control of the flow of the cold air to the switching chamber 17). Opening and closing of the -15-(12) (12) 13312203 In addition to the operation, the valve motor 53 is energized for self-heating without the opening and closing operation of the shutter 50. The control unit 48 functions as a power-on control means. More specifically, in the present embodiment, when energization for self-heating is performed, switching is alternately performed at regular intervals: energization of the valve motor 53 toward the A-phase coil 56 is energized toward the B-phase coil 57. In this case, the DC current can flow to the terminals A, A', and B of the A phase line 圏5 6 in the same energization state as the last energization mode when the shutter 50 is opened and closed. Terminals B, B, . For example, in the case of the last energization state when the previous baffle 50 is closed, in the case of the rightmost mode of FIG. 5(b), for the A phase line 圏56, the terminal A is energized, and the terminal A is 'for-. For the B phase coil 57, the power supply causes the terminal B to be _ and the terminal B' to be +. In the present embodiment, as the timing of energization for self-heating, during the pre-cooling operation, the valve motor 53 starts energization for self-heating, and continues to be energized during the defrosting operation. After the defrosting operation is completed, When returning to the normal cooling operation, the valve motor 53 ends the energization for self-heating, and returns to the normal opening and closing operation control. Next, the action of the above structure will be described. The flowchart of Fig. 1 shows the processing procedure of the portion of the energization control for self-heating of the valve motor 53 which is executed by the control unit 48. That is to say, first, in step S1, it is judged whether or not the pre-cooling operation has started. When the pre-cooling operation is started (YES in step S1), in the next step S2, energization for self-heating with respect to -16-(13)(13)1331203 of the coils 56, 57 of the valve motor 53 is started. In the energization, as described above, the energization toward the A-phase coil 56 and the energization toward the B-phase coil 57 are alternately performed alternately at regular intervals. The pre-cooling operation ends when the accumulated timer has elapsed after the start of the pre-cooling operation (step S3). Then, this time, the defrosting heater 34 is started, and the shutter 50 of the valve device 37 is closed, and the defrosting operation is started (step S4). At the time of this defrosting operation, energization for self-heating of the above-described valve motor 53 is continued. At the next step S5, it is judged whether or not it is the end timing of the defrosting operation. In this case, when it is detected that the defrost sensor 58 is at a temperature higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 8 ° C.), it is judged that the defrost is completed, and even if the defrost sensor 58 does not detect the predetermined temperature (for example, 8 ° C) ), once a certain period of time (for example, 20 minutes) has elapsed from the start of the defrosting operation, it is forcibly terminated. When it is judged that the defrosting operation is completed (YES in step S5), the defrosting heater 34 is turned off in step S6. At the next step S7, after the elapse of time T1 (e.g., 6 minutes), the compressor 40 is started. By starting the operation of the compressor 40 with a delay of time T1, the pressure balance of each of the coolers 30 and 3 2 is good. Next, in step S8, after the elapse of time T2 (for example, 4 minutes), the freezing air blowing fan 33 is driven (forward rotation), and in step S9, after the elapse of time Τ3 (for example, 1 minute), the freezing air supply is performed. The fan 33 is reversed. Thereby, the warm air generated by the defrosting does not flow in the portion of the duct 36 (the lower portion of the valve device 37) to flow. At the step S10, after the passage of time Τ 4 (e.g., 2 minutes), the normal cooling operation is moved. At this time, the normal opening and closing control of the valve device 37 is performed with respect to the energization of the self-generating -17-(14)(14)1331203 of the valve motor 53. The rotation of the cooling air supply fan 33 is returned to the forward rotation. By the above-described control, when the valve motor 53 is energized for self-heating without the opening and closing operation of the shutter 50, the coils 56 and 57 of the valve motor 53 generate heat. By this heat generation, the temperature of the motor frame of the valve motor 53 is increased and the temperature of the peripheral portion is increased, so that the valve device 37 is less likely to be condensed. In this case, by performing energization for self-heating of the valve motor 53 during the defrosting operation in which the condensation of the valve device 37 is likely to occur, it is possible to effectively prevent the occurrence of condensation during and after the defrosting operation. Further, in the pre-cooling operation, since the above-described valve motor 53 starts energization for self-heating, the temperature of the peripheral portion of the valve motor 53 can be more effectively increased in advance at the start of the defrosting operation. Fig. 8 is a view showing an experimental result of investigating the temperature change of the surface (inner side surface 52a) of the casing 52 of the drive mechanism portion 51 of the valve device 37 during and after the defrosting operation. In the figure, a is a temperature change when the control of the present embodiment (energization for self-heating) is performed, and b in the figure is a temperature change in a conventional case where the energization for self-heating is not performed. In the figure, c is a case where the temperature of the inside of the duct 36 (the lower portion of the valve device 37) changes. From the results of this experiment, it can be understood that by the present embodiment, the temperature of the valve device 37 is made high, and the condensation can be prevented. In particular, by the control of steps S7 to S9, by delaying the timing at which the shutter 50 is opened, the effect of preventing condensation can be further enhanced. According to the present embodiment, in addition to the opening and closing operation of the stopper 18-(15) 1331203 plate 50 in the duct 36, the valve motor 53 is self-heated without the opening and closing operation of the shutter 50. The energization of 'can prevent the condensation of the valve device 37, thereby preventing the baffle 50 from freezing. In this case, it is not necessary to add an additional heater or the like, and by the energization control of the valve motor 53, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of condensation or even freezing, and it can be completed in a simple and inexpensive configuration. In particular, in the present embodiment, it is performed at the most effective timing, and the energization of the self-heating of the gas gate motor 53 is performed, so that the condensation can be effectively prevented and the electric power can be saved. Further, in the present embodiment, when energization for self-heating is performed, the energization of the A-phase coil 56 toward the valve motor 53 and the energization of the B-phase coil 57 are alternately switched, so that only one of them is not consumed. The phase coil (reduced service life) can suppress the decrease in the service life of the coil 56' 57. The flowchart of Fig. 9 is a view showing another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment differs from the above-described embodiment in that the energization timing for self-heating of the valve motor 53 is controlled by the control device 48 as the energization control hand segment. The control unit 48 performs energization for self-heating of the valve motor 53 based on the signal from the outside air temperature sensor 59 for detecting the temperature outside the refrigerator and the set temperature band of the switching chamber 17. However, there is of course a normal control of the valve device 37 (opening and closing control of the shutter 50). First, in step S21, it is judged whether or not the outside air temperature sensor 59 detects a predetermined temperature (e.g., 1 〇 ° C ) or less. When the outside air temperature sensor 59 detects a predetermined temperature or lower (YES in step S21), in the next step -19-(16)(16)1331203 S22, it is judged whether or not the setting of the switching chamber 17 is outside the freezing compartment temperature zone. . When the setting of the switching chamber 17 is outside the freezing compartment temperature zone (YES in step S22), energization for self-heating of the valve motor 53 is performed in step S23'. Then, in step S24, it is monitored whether the detected temperature of the outside air temperature sensor 59 is at a predetermined temperature (for example, 1 (TC) or less, and when a temperature exceeding the predetermined temperature is detected (NO at step S24), then in step S25, the stop is stopped. The energization of the valve motor 53 for self-heating is performed. Thereafter, the process from step S2 1 is repeated. When the switching chamber 17 is set to the freezer compartment temperature zone, the shutter 50' of the valve device 37 is mostly open. In the state, the cold air is circulated in the duct 36 at any time, and the casing 52 is less likely to be condensed. In contrast, when the switching chamber 17 is set in a higher temperature zone such as the refrigerating compartment of the refrigerating compartment, the baffle 50 is closed. The time is increased. In this case, cold air is deposited in the duct 36 (near the valve device 37), so when the baffle 50 is opened, "the condensation tends to occur. In the winter, the temperature outside the refrigerator is low," The valve device 37 is liable to become colder, so that the casing 52 is liable to cause condensation. Therefore, as in the present embodiment, when the switching chamber 17 is set outside the temperature zone of the freezer compartment, and the outside air temperature sensor is inspected When the temperature is equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature, by energizing the valve motor 53 for self-heating, it is possible to suppress the valve device 37 from becoming low temperature, and it is possible to effectively prevent the valve device 37 from being condensed. The valve motor 53 is self-heating. Power-on, compared with the way of performing at any time, 'can save more power without additional heating -20- (17) (17)1331203, can be completed in a simple and inexpensive structure. The invention can also be implemented in the following manner. First, as a timing for energizing the valve motor 53 for self-heating, the following modifications may be used. It is also possible to provide a malfunction for detecting the malfunction of the defrosting sensor 58. The failure detecting means detects the failure of the defrost sensor 58 by the failure detecting means, and energizes the self-heating of the valve motor 53 at any time. Thus, when the defrost sensor 58 fails, it can be confirmed. The valve device 37 is prevented from being condensed. Alternatively, in the open state of the shutter 50 of the valve device 37, the valve motor 53 may be continuously or continuously performed. When the baffle 50 is opened and the cold airflow passes through a portion where the condensation is likely to occur in the valve device 37, the valve motor 53 can be heated, and the portion where the condensation easily occurs can be suppressed from becoming a low temperature. Further, since the temperature of each of the storage compartments 13 to 17 is high after the power supply of the refrigerator is turned on, it is important to rapidly cool to a certain low temperature. Moreover, during the cooling period, the valve device is cooled. The temperature in the 37 part is also high, so the possibility of condensation is small, and it is not necessary to carry out self-heating. The so-called cooling period, specifically, can be judged as: after the power is turned on until a predetermined time elapses (for example) 150 minutes), or the circuit of the freezer compartment cooling mode or the refrigerating compartment cooling mode is performed a predetermined number of times (for example, three times), or the freezer compartment cooler 32 is until a predetermined temperature (for example, -20 ° C), or a freezer compartment 13 (or the ice making chamber 14) until one of the predetermined temperatures (for example, -1 ° ° C). -21 - (18) (18)1331203 Therefore, after the power is turned on, it is possible to prohibit the self-heating of the valve motor 53 until the temperature of the storage chambers 13 to 17 is lowered to a predetermined temperature or lower. power ups. Thereby, power can be saved by prohibiting the energization in a state where the condensation does not occur. In the mode in which the valve motor 53 is energized for self-heating, in the closed state of the shutter 50, the coils 56 and 57 for the two phases are energized in the mode in which the shutter 50 is closed. In the open state of the plate 50, energization of the coils 56 and 57 of the two phases is performed in a mode in which the shutter 50 is opened. Thereby, the intended purpose can be achieved, and the shifting of the pedal due to the repeated opening and closing of the shutter 50 can be reduced, and the so-called fastening effect can be obtained. Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-described respective embodiments, and various modifications can be made, for example, to the structure (arrangement) of each chamber portion of the electric ice box main body or the position at which two coolers are provided. Further, although the valve device for controlling the flow of the cold air in the switching chamber is described, the present invention is also applicable to a valve device for controlling the flow of cold air flowing toward the refrigerating chamber, for example, in a refrigerator provided with one cooler. In the case where the two storage compartments are separately controlled to control the flow of the cold air, two valve devices can be provided, and the two valve devices can also be combined into one component. In addition, the specific number of the above-mentioned set temperature, time, and the like is merely an example, and can be appropriately changed, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS -22-(19) 1331203. Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing a processing procedure relating to energization control for self-heating of a valve motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing the entire structure of the refrigerator in abbreviating manner. Fig. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional side view showing the structure of the cooler chamber and its vicinity. Figure 4 is a perspective view of the valve device. #图5 is an explanatory diagram of a method of energizing a coil of a valve motor. Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing the construction of the motor of the main portion. Fig. 7 is a view showing the structure of the refrigeration circuit. Fig. 8 is a graph showing the results of an experiment for investigating the temperature change of the valve device. Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a view corresponding to Fig. 4 showing a conventional example. [Explanation of main component symbols] 11 : Refrigerator main body 17 : Switching chamber 27 : Switching chamber temperature sensor 29 : Freezer compartment cooler 32 : Freezer compartment cooler 33 : Freezing blower fan 3 4 : Defrost heater -23- (20)1331203 36 : Pipe 3 7 : Valve device 38 : Freezer circuit 48 : Control device (power control device) 49 : Frame portion 49 a : Opening portion 50 : Baffle
51 :驅動機構部 52 :殻體 5 3 :氣門馬達 54 :旋轉軸 5 6 : A相位線圈 5 7 : B相位線圈 5 8 :除霜感應器 5 9 :外氣溫感應器51 : Drive mechanism part 52 : Housing 5 3 : Valve motor 54 : Rotary shaft 5 6 : A phase coil 5 7 : B phase coil 5 8 : Defrost sensor 5 9 : Outer air temperature sensor
-24--twenty four-