TWI303168B - - Google Patents

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Publication number
TWI303168B
TWI303168B TW092133515A TW92133515A TWI303168B TW I303168 B TWI303168 B TW I303168B TW 092133515 A TW092133515 A TW 092133515A TW 92133515 A TW92133515 A TW 92133515A TW I303168 B TWI303168 B TW I303168B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
intervertebral implant
joint
joint portion
axis
ridge
Prior art date
Application number
TW092133515A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TW200422031A (en
Inventor
Max Aebi
Dominique Burkard
Robert Frigg
Beat Lechmann
Robert Jun Mathys
Paul Pavlov
Original Assignee
Synthes Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Synthes Gmbh filed Critical Synthes Gmbh
Publication of TW200422031A publication Critical patent/TW200422031A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI303168B publication Critical patent/TWI303168B/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/442Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
    • A61F2/4425Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient made of articulated components
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8625Shanks, i.e. parts contacting bone tissue
    • A61B17/863Shanks, i.e. parts contacting bone tissue with thread interrupted or changing its form along shank, other than constant taper
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/4455Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30331Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
    • A61F2002/30362Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit with possibility of relative movement between the protrusion and the recess
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30383Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by laterally inserting a protrusion, e.g. a rib into a complementarily-shaped groove
    • A61F2002/30387Dovetail connection
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
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    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30383Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by laterally inserting a protrusion, e.g. a rib into a complementarily-shaped groove
    • A61F2002/3039Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by laterally inserting a protrusion, e.g. a rib into a complementarily-shaped groove with possibility of relative movement of the rib within the groove
    • A61F2002/30392Rotation
    • A61F2002/30393Rotation with additional means for limiting said rotation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30383Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by laterally inserting a protrusion, e.g. a rib into a complementarily-shaped groove
    • A61F2002/3039Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by laterally inserting a protrusion, e.g. a rib into a complementarily-shaped groove with possibility of relative movement of the rib within the groove
    • A61F2002/30392Rotation
    • A61F2002/30395Rotation with additional means for preventing or locking said rotation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/30507Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism using a threaded locking member, e.g. a locking screw or a set screw
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/30515Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism using a locking wedge or block
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/30517Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism using a locking plate
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30518Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements with possibility of relative movement between the prosthetic parts
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    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30604Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for modular
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30841Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes
    • A61F2002/30843Pyramidally-shaped
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/442Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
    • A61F2/4425Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient made of articulated components
    • A61F2002/443Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient made of articulated components having two transversal endplates and at least one intermediate component
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2002/4635Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor using minimally invasive surgery
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0025Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2220/0033Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementary-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Description

1303168 玖、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明關於申請專利範圍第1項的引文的一種椎間植 入物以及依申請專利範圍第22項的利用一種椎間植入物 取代有一缺陷的自然的椎間盤(Bandscheibe)的方法。 在將一個受損的自然椎間盤或一椎間盤的受損的髓核 (Nukleus pulposus)拿掉後,將植入物(Imlantat)或義器官 (Prothese)放入二個相鄰的椎體之間的椎間空間進去。此處 的目的係在再回復到儘量自然的狀態,換言之,特別是再 造成最初的椎間盤高度,以及二個相鄰的椎體之間最初的 間隔。此外,相鄰的椎體要能儘量無礙地以其自然方式作 相對運動。對此,很重要的是,係要在向前傾/向後傾時 亦即椎體挽曲(Flexion)及伸張(Extension) ~ —以及在 椎體側彎時要能在自然的限制内運動,沿脊柱的自然拿刀帶 (Band)與肌肉大致上係不變者(intakt),因此它們可進一 + 使一機械式的椎間盤取代物的運動更穩定。 【先前技術】 在德專利DE-A 35 29 761(Btittner)發表了一種此類的 椎間盤内義器官(End〇pr〇these)。此習知之椎間盤内義器官 主要由二個對稱封閉板(它們具有相反朝向的凹形滑動面 )、及各一個凸出的表面(用於倚靠到該相鄰的椎體的基 板或蓋板上)、以及一個間隔件(它定位在該封閉板之^ ),且具有凸形滑動面,設計成與封閉板上的凹形滑動面 1303168 互補。在一實施例中,此滑動面設計成一個圓柱函殼面的 -個部分的方式’其中該設在二個封閉板上的滑動面設計 成各對間隔件上的鄰界的滑動面之一成互補·,且各二個互 補的滑動面構成-個可繞一旋轉軸轉動的關節部的可先後 相隨移動的關節面。此關節包含一個上關節部及—下關節 部,它們各具一旋轉車由。此二旋轉軸互相偏離。此習 知之椎間盤義器官的缺點為·· a)利用自然椎間盤傳送之重疊的樞轉運動,特収在前後 撓曲及側撓曲時(這些撓曲在自然椎間盤的場合係互相 獨立者)在只具—旋轉中心的義椎間盤的設計的場合並 未計入; …寺別是當沿前後方向移動日夺,脊椎關間〔小面關節 (Facettengelenk)〕受到剪向運動的負荷,因此對病人會 造成客痛(Schmerzen); c)在一個可相滑動的關節技合面的場合會發生不利的摩擦 力量,此外在面上會發生磨損,換言之也會有刮痕,I 在關節部運動時造成阻力,此外有「黏著滑動」⑽ SHp)效應之虞; 幻一個機械式椎間盤取代物幾乎不能阻止相關的運動節段 的進一步退化(Degeneration)。最初的運動性質的再造會 大大減少疼痛(Schmerz),且患者生活品質提高。然而當 =痛重新發生時要將供養(Ve謝gung,英:pr〇visi〇n) = 修正(Revisions在此一般將一傳統構造方式的義椎間盤 完全拿掉,並將運動節段補加,這種手術對病人的傷; 1303168 很大。 e)與相鄰之椎體接觸的接觸面形狀一般不予考慮,傳統構 造方式的椎間盤取代物植入物具有平坦的接觸面,它們 在往還用楔形隆起部作補充。 【發明内容】 本發明即針對此而著手,本發明的目的在提供一種椎 間植入物,它包含一關節,其關節轴具有阻力最小的支持 件。本發明達成此目的之道係利用具有申請專利範圍第ι 項特徵的椎間植入物,以及一種包含申請專利範圍第u 項的步驟的方法,以利用一椎間植入物以取代一有缺陷的 自然椎間盤。 利用本發明達到的優點主要在於:由於本發明 植入物而使得: 间 沿刖後方向及側向的樞轉運動係互相獨立者; 一该刀片狀手段上的運動的摩擦面減到最少;且 由於在關節部之間之接觸並非滑動而係線狀接觸,故 在關節甲產生的摩擦力較小,且因此椎體的相對運動 (特別是脊柱的側向運動與撓曲/伸張運動為 游。 •㈢又妨 由於自然的旋轉軸在沿著脊柱 門由女 个邳问椎間盤 間中有不同的位置,故旋轉軸的排列方式係歪斜者會: 利用刀片(Kllngen)的長度,可將關節 丨万止該 1303168 二部繞中心軸轉開。隆起部的侧翼角度宜纟i。〜30。之間 ,而凹陷部的側翼角度宜在6。〜7〇。之間。 在本發明椎間植入物的一較佳實施例中,該椎間植入 物包含二個㈣,它們各具一個第一關節部及一個第二關 即部。如此可達到-優點,gp :該鄰界到此植人物的椎體 不會有移動運動,如此可使該小面關節保持完好。 在本發明的椎間植入物的另一實施例中,可將保持手 段由腹側面裝到該二部分上,如此該二部件的腹面可保持 相隔-定距離。如此可達成一優點,即該二部分可放到一 個保持-;t高度的位置以放人椎間空間中,且在放入椎間 空間後可繞關節運動,且可倚靠到鄰界的椎體的底板或蓋 板上。 在本發明的椎間植入物的又一實施例,該手段可使二 個部分繞關節的運動暫時封鎖住。如此可達到一優點,即 • /、要用最小的傷害性的手術即可將該整合在椎間空間中 的關即鎖固住。當手術後(pGst_Gperativ)的疼痛(Sehmer叫 發生的情形,換言之,當相關的脊柱節段繼續退化,而外 科醫師考慮使相關之脊椎融合(Fusi〇n)時,則上述這點特 別有利。該手段宜能裝到該二部分的二個腹側面上,藉著 稍後將該二部分繞關節運動作次級(sekundar)的鎖固作用, 可使該椎間植入物強化,並變成一個關節植入物〔長合檻 狀物(Fusions-Kafig)〕。 在本發明的椎間植入物的再一實施例中,該手段包含 一甘欠入物(Einsatz,英:insert),它可放入上部及下的互相 1303168 對立的表面上的各一個凹陷部中,該凹陷部宜設計成鳩尾 導引件方式,其腹側面開口,因此該嵌入物之設計成與該 鳩尾導引件互補的末端可由腹面推入該鳩尾導引件中。如 此可達成一優點,即:藉著將嵌入物放入,可使該二部分 繞關節的運動鎖固住。如果該鳩尾導引件設計成使它朝向 椎間植入物變細窄,使得嵌入物另外還可楔合到鳩尾導引 件令’則該鎖固作用可更牢固。 在本發明的椎間植入物的另外一實施例中,該二部分 設有孔,以容納骨固定手段,特別是骨螺絲,其中該孔的 縱軸對中心軸成傾斜。最好,該二部分之一的各二個孔從 腹側面貫通到並列面(Appositionsflache)。如果椎間植入物 作轴向固疋,則该縱軸從側面看係與中心軸成傾斜者 ,或者該椎間植入物作角度穩定的固定,則該二縱軸從腹 面看也是從該二部分的内表面向該並列面漸互遠離。 在本發明的椎間植入物的另一實施例中,用於容納骨 固定手段的孔設有内螺紋,如此可使該骨固定手段在該二 個部分中有額外的剛性固定作用。這些孔宜設計成錐形, 如此可利用該内螺紋與骨固 的錐形接合將骨固定手段在 該並列面宜設計成凸形 定手段的頭部上的外螺紋之間 違一部分上作更強的固定。 ,且設有三度空間構造,且宜 呈金字塔形隆起。利用這種並列面的設計 的解剖學性質列入考慮。 可將椎體端板 植入物取代有缺陷 本發明的方法主要用於利用一椎間 的自然的椎間盤’且包含以下步驟·· 12 1303168 A) 將-椎間植人物的關節利用為它而設的鎖固手段鎖固在 該關節的一定位置; B) 將該椎間植入物放入所要治療的椎間空間; C) 將該鎖固手段(它放入椎間植入物中以將關節鎮固住) 鬆開或拿掉,藉著將關節鎖固住可達到一優點,即該且 有凸出的並列面的可動部分可較簡單地放入所要處理的 椎間空間。 在本發明方法的另-應用中,此方法包含隨後將關節 利用該用於鎖固關節而設的手段鎖固在植人的椎間植入物 上。如此可達到一優點,即:當病人發生手術後疼痛時, 或當相關之運動節段進一步退化時,可在手術後將椎間植 入物上的關節藉著取代為它而設的手段而鎖固纟。這種以 後的鎖固作用可利用最小傷害性的手術〔特別是一種腹腔 内視鏡(lapraskoplsch)手術〕達成。如此該椎間植入物就相 當於一檻狀物的目的,因此脊椎的相關運動節段可強化。 本發明及本發明的進一步特點在以下利用圖式中示意 方式顯示的數個實施例詳細說明。 【實施方式】 第1及第2圖中顯示本發明椎間植入物的一實施例 ’它包含一上部(1〇)及一下部(2〇),該上部具有一摘上並列 面(15),垂直於該中心軸(2)設置,用於倚靠到一鄰界的椎 體的基板上’該下部(2〇)具有一個下並列面,垂直於中心 軸(2)設置,用於倚靠到相鄰界的椎體的蓋板上及二個關節 13 1303168 (38)(39)上該上部(10)與下部(20)經由該關節(38)(39)連接成 可互作相對運動的方式,其中該上部(10)相對於該下部(20) 繞一條垂直於中心軸(2)設置的旋轉軸的運動係受限在+1〇。 〜6之間的角度範圍内,且其繞著一條垂直於中心軸(2)及 垂直於第一旋轉軸(3)的第二旋轉轴(4)的運動係受限在±7 的角度範圍内。 該二個關節(38)(39)用三個關節部(3 1)(32)(33)做成, 其中下關節部(33)與上關節部(31)各構成一個與中關節部 (32)配合的關節(38)(39)。該二關節(38)(39)設計成對扳件 (Wippe)形式,各有一旋轉軸(3)(4),其中該二旋轉軸互相 垂直,且垂直於中心軸(2)。該下關節(39)包含一個隆起部 (50)及一個凹陷部(52),該隆起部(5〇)構成該下關節部(33) ’且與下部(20)連接,該凹陷部(52)設在中關節部(32)中, 容納著該隆起部(50)。該下關節(39)包含一個隆起部(5〇)及 一個凹陷部(52),該隆起部(50)構成該下關節部(33),且與 下部(20)連接’該凹陷部(52)設在中關節部(32)中,容納著 該隆起部(50)。該隆起部設有一個邊緣(51),構成該旋轉軸 (4) ’它支承在該凹陷部(52)中的方式,使該二關節部 (32)(3 3)構成一關節(39),此關節(39)可在邊緣(5 1)上繞該 旋轉軸(4)傾斜(3 9)。相似地,該上關節(38)由一隆起部(49) 與一凹陷部(54)組成,該隆起部(49)設在上關節部(3丨)上, 平行於旋轉軸(3),該凹陷部(54)設在中關節部(32)上,容 納著該隆起部(49)。此隆起部(49)設有一邊緣(53),它構成 該旋轉軸(53),其支承在凹陷部(54)中的方式,使得該二關 1303168 節部(3 1)(32)構成一個可在邊緣(53)繞該旋轉軸(3)傾轉的關 節(38)。 该一部分(1〇)(2〇)互相的相對運動係可利用該鎖固手段 以可鬆開的方式鎖固住,鎖固手段(4〇)在此處所示的實施 例中係為一嵌入物(41),它可從該二部分(1〇)(2〇)的腹側面 (1 1)(21)垂直於中心軸(2)並平行該二部分(1〇)(2〇)的橫側面 (1 3)(14)(23)(24)移入。嵌入物(41)移入二個凹陷部(42)(43) 中,該凹陷部設計成鳩尾導引件形式。嵌入物(41)從該二 部分(10)(20)的腹側面(11)(21)放入該設計成鳩尾導引件形 式的凹陷部(42)(43)中,且利用一枚螺絲(44)固定在下部 (20)上。此外,該嵌入物(41)末端設計成與凹陷部(42)(43) 互補,因此該二部分(10)(20)在嵌入物(41)推入時,平行於 中心軸(2)互相地相對固定住。 此外,在中關節部(32)中設有第一止動手段(1〇〇),它 可和下關節部(33)上的第二止動手段(1〇5)嵌合,且在固定 το件(1 10)固定在中關節部(32)上之後,可防止該中關節部 (32)從下關節部(33)分離。固定元件(11〇)利用螺絲(111)固 定,該螺絲(ill)在凹陷部(52)附近旋入關節部(32)中螺紋 孔(112)中。第一止動手段(100)包含中關節部(32)上的凹陷 部(ιοί),該凹陷部(ιοί)可與第二止動手段(1〇5)的榫(ι〇6) 作形狀接合方式的嵌合。如此可防止該二關節部互 相分離的情事。在上關節部(3丨)與中關節部(32)之間另設有 金交鍵(120)(第5圖及第6圖),如此,該二關^部 (3 1)(32)可平行於中心軸(2)保持在一起,而不會因此限制 15 1303168 該二關節部(3 1)(32)繞第一 旋轉軸(3)互哥*轉運動 第3圖與第4圖中顯示本發明的椎間植入物的一實施 例,它與第1及第2圖所示之實施例不同處只在於:該二 部分(10)(20)包含孔(80)以容納骨固定手段(81),其中,該 骨固定手段(80)在這裡係設計成骨螺絲的形式。孔(8〇)具有 縱軸(83),它與中心軸(2)夾成一角度7,該角度^宜在2〇 。〜65°範圍中,此外該二部分(1〇)(2〇)之一的孔從腹側面 (11)(21)貫穿到並列面(15)(25)。孔(8〇)的縱軸(83)不論從侧 面看(第3圖)或從腹面看(第4圖)都對中心軸成傾 斜,此外孔(80)設計成錐形,朝向並列面(15)(25)變細窄, 且设有内螺紋(82),它用於使該設計成骨螺絲形式的骨固 定手段(8 1)的螺絲頭(84)(該螺絲頭設有互補的外螺紋)可 旋合容納在其中。 第5圖與第6圖中更具體地顯示該上關節部(31)與中 關節部(32)之間的二個鉸鏈(12〇),該鉸鏈(丨2〇)使該二關節 部(31)(32)繞著該第一旋轉軸(3)(第2圖)〔它由第二隆 起部(49)及凹陷部(54)上的邊緣(53)構成〕的相對運動,且 包含在中關節部(32)上之凸塊(121),設在側端部,該凸塊 (121)對椎間植入物(1)的腹侧面(11)(21)修成圓滑狀,且包 含設在上關節部(31)上的殼(122),該殼(122)將該凸塊(121) 的修圓的側邊從腹侧面〇丨)(21)呈圓弧形圍住(其圍住之圓 弧角度約90。)。利用該殼〇將上關節部(31)平行於中心 軸(2)(第1圖)牢牢保持在中關節部(32)上。 16 1303168 【圖式簡單說明】 (一) 圖式部分 第1圖係本發明的椎間植入物的一實施例分解圖; 第2圖係本發明的椎間植入物在第1圖中所示之實施 例之組合狀態的立體圖; 第3圖係本發明的椎間植入物另一實施例的側視圖; 第4圖係第3圖實施例從腹側看的立體; 弟5圖係沿弟1圖線A-A的側剖面圖,
第6圖係沿第1圖線B-B的背面剖面圖。 (二) 元件代表符號 (1) 椎間植入物 (2) 中心軸 (3) 旋轉軸 (10) 上部 (11) 腹側面 (15) 並列面
(20) 下部 (21) 腹側面 (25) 並列面 (31) 上關節部 (32) 中關節部 (33) 下關節部 (38) 上關節 (39) 下關節 17 1303168 (41) 嵌入物 (42)(43) 凹陷部 (49) 隆起部 (50) 隆起部 (51) 邊緣 (52) 凹陷砉 (53) 邊緣 (54) 凹陷部 (80) (81) 骨固定手段 (82) 内螺紋 (83) 縱軸 (100) 第一止動手段 (101) 凹陷部 (105) 第二止動手段 (106) 榫 (110) 固定元件 (HI) 螺絲 (112) 螺紋?L (120) 鉸鏈 (121) 凸塊 (122) 殼 18

Claims (1)

1303168 拾、申請專利範圍: 1.-種椎間植入物⑴,特別是人工椎間盤,具有一中 心軸(2)、-上部⑽、及一下部(2〇),該上部⑽適用於倚 靠到-個位於其上方的椎體的基板上,該下部適用於倚靠 到一個位於其下方的椎體的蓋板上,其中: A) 該上部⑽有-腹側面⑴)、—背側面(12)、二個橫側面 (13)(14)、一個下附加面(15)、及一個下表面(16); B) 該下部(2。)有-腹側面(21)、—背側面(22)、二個橫側面 (23)(24)、一個下附加面(25)、及一個上表面(26);其中 C) 該上部(1〇)及下部(20)可利用二個設在它們之間的關節 (38)(39)互相作相對運動; D) 各關節(38)(39)有一旋轉軸(3)(4),且該二旋轉軸(3)(4)設 置成互相成橫向; E) 該二關節(38)(39)利用一上關節部(3丨)、一中關節部(32) 及一下關節部(33)造成,該上關節部(31)與該上部(1〇)連 接’該下關節部(33)與該下部(20)連接; 其特徵在: F) 各關節(38)(39)有-第一關節部(31)⑽(33),該關節部 (3 1)(32)(33)具有一個具一邊緣(51)(53)的隆起部(49)(5〇) ’以將一第二關節部(3 1)(32)(33)支承成可繞該旋轉軸 (3)(4)傾斜的方式。 2.如申請專利範圍第1項之椎間植入物,其中: 該下關節部(33)包含一個具有該邊緣(51)的隆起部(50) ’以使中關節部(31)(32)支承成可繞該旋轉軸(4)傾轉的方 19 1303168
3 ·如申請專利範圍第丨或第2項之椎間植入物,其中 该上關節部(33)包含一個具有該邊緣(53)的隆起部(49) ’以使中關節部(3 2)支承成可繞該旋轉軸(3)傾轉的方式。 4 ·如申請專利範圍第1或第2項之椎間植入物,其中 呑亥第二關節部(3 1)(32)(33)包含一凹陷部(52)(54),以 容納第一關節部(3 1)(32)(33)上的隆起部。 5 ·如申睛專利範圍第4項之椎間植入物,其中: 該下關節部(33)包含一個與該旋轉軸(4)平行的隆起部 (50),具有邊緣(51),一邊緣(51),該邊緣(51)構成該旋轉 軸(4)且°亥隆起部(50)支承在中關節部(32)上的凹陷部(52) 中。 , 6·如申請專利範圍第4項之椎間植入物,其中: 該上關節部(31)包含一個與該旋轉軸(3)平行的隆起部 (49)’該隆起部(49)具有一邊緣(53),該邊緣(53)構成旋轉 轴(3) ’且該隆起部(49)容納在中關節部(32)的—凹陷部⑽ 中。 • 7.如申請專利範圍第1或第2項之椎間植入物,其中 該旋轉軸(3)(4)互相成歪斜狀。 8.如申請專利範圍第1或第2項之椎間植人物,其中 20 1303168 口又有手段(40),將該二部(10)(20)保持互相隔一段固定 間隔〔從其腹側面(11)(21)量〕。 9·如申請專利範圍第丨或第2項之椎間植入物,其中 設有手段(40),該手段(40)適用於將該二部(1〇)(2〇)繞 關節(3 8)(39)的運動暫時鎖固住。 10. 如申請專利範圍第8項之椎間植入物,其中: 該手段(40)可設在該二部(1 〇)(2〇)的二個腹側面。 11. 如申請專利範圍第9項之椎間植入物,其中·· »亥手#又(40)包含一嵌入物(4丨)以及在各部(1〇)(2〇)上的 表面(16)(26)的一個凹陷部(42)(43),該嵌入物⑼具有一 下端(45)及-上端(46) ’該凹陷部(42)(43)在腹側面⑼⑼ 開放,且該嵌入物(41)的末端(45)(46)可放入各一凹陷部 (42)(43)中。 12. 如申請專利範圍第u項之椎間植入物,其中: 該凹陷部(42)(43)係為鳩尾導引件,且嵌入物⑹上的 末端(45)(46)設計成與此鳩尾導引件互補。 13. 如申請專利範圍第12項之椎間植入物,其中: 該鴻尾導引件從腹側面⑴)(21)向背侧面(12)(22)變細 窄。 14. 如申請專利範圍第!或第2項之椎間植入物,其中 該上部⑽與下部(20)各包含至少二個孔(8〇),從腹侧 面(11)(21)貫穿到並列面(15)(25),它們具有縱軸⑻),且 21
用於容納骨固定手段(8〗)。 15·如申請專利範圍第14項之椎間植入物,其中·· 該孔(80)的縱軸(83)與中心軸夾成一角度γ。 16·如申請專利範圍第15項之椎間植入物,其中·· 该角度7在20。〜65。範圍中。 17·如申請專利範圍第14項之椎間植入物,其中·· 該孔(8〇)的縱軸(83)從腹側面(11)(21)看係從内表面 (16)(26)向並列面(15)(25)擴展開來。 18·如申請專利範圍第14項之椎間植入物,其中: 该孔(80)朝向並列面(15)(25)呈錐形變細窄。 19·如申請專利範圍第ι4項之椎間植入物,其中: 該孔(80)有内螺紋(82)。 2〇·如申請專利範圍第1或第2項之椎間植入物,其中 該中關節部(32)包含第一止動手段(100),而下關節部 (3 3)包含第二止動手段(1〇5),且該第一與第二止動手段 (100)(105)可互相嵌合。 21 ·如申請專利範圍第1或第2項之椎間植入物,其中 在該上關節部(31)與中關節部(32)之間設有鉸鏈(12〇) ’如此該二關節部(3 1)(32)平行於中心軸(2)保持在一起, 而不會限制該二關節部(3 1)(32)繞第一旋轉軸(3)之互相的 相對旋轉運動。 22 1303168 柒、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:第(1 )圖 (二) 本代表圖之元件代表符號簡單說明: (1) 椎間植入物 (2) 中心軸 (10) 上部 (11) 腹側面 (15) 並列面 (20) 下部 (21) 腹側面 (25) 並列面 (31) 上關節部 (38) 上關節 (39) 下關節 (41) 嵌入物 (42)(43) 凹陷告P (49) 隆起部 (50) 隆起部 (51) 邊緣 (52) 凹陷咅P (54) 凹陷杳P (100) 第一止動手段 (101) 凹陷咅P (105) 第二止動手段 1303168 (110) 固定元件 (111) 螺絲 (112) 螺紋?L 捌、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式
TW092133515A 2002-12-17 2003-11-28 Intervertebral implant with tiltable joint parts TW200422031A (en)

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