TWI302946B - Self-reducing, cold-bonded pellets - Google Patents

Description

1302946 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains]: Hair: A method for cold reduction and its manufacture for use in the iron industry. Since the pellet can be automatically returned to the temperature, the pellet is used to produce iron and steel when the cold-bonded pellet is heated to a high temperature, and the portion of the "middle" such as an electric arc furnace can be used. (eaf), reformer: open hearth furnace for steel making, blast furnace, non-drum = reduction for iron making, and straight iron furnace for reducing direct reduced iron (DRI). [Prior Art] is a general rule for the use of automatic reduction pellets in the method of reducing iron oxide and powdered carbonaceous materials in the steelmaking industry, U.S. Patent No. 3,150,958. Patent No. 3,174,846 (Bdsse et al.) discloses a method for using a bituminous coal compacted iron oxide fine particle and discloses its use for blast furnace feed. Wu Guo Patent No. 3,264 , G92 (Ban et al.) discloses a system for producing carbonized and metallized iron ore pellets suitable for use in a smelting operation such as a cupola type furnace or a blast furnace. U.S. Patent No. 3,323,901 ( Dahl et al.) discloses a pellet made of finely cut metal oxide ore, a carbonaceous reducing agent, and a sulphite lye or a molasses binder. U.S. Patent No. 3, 437, 474 and U.S. Patent No. 3, 617, 254 (Imperato) disclose metal oxide/soil test metal oxides and hydroxide/carbonaceous materials ( The coal) producing lump ores .u- ore) method, 5 Hai coal in the presence of moisture and carbon dioxide under reaction with each other 'system which is suitable for steel making furnace. Wu Guo Patent No. 3, 49M95 (Svenss () n et al.) discloses a method for ~ hardening pellets. The pellet contains iron ore fine sand, fine Portland cement clinker and water. The raw pellets are inlaid into a large number of discrete, finely cut iron ore particles. When the pellets have an acceptable strength, the agglomerates will be separated by pellets. U.S. Patent No. 35,938,987 (Ban) discloses a pellet which is made of iron oxide, which has the disadvantage of being non-cohesive, and the towel sinters the pellet in a movable gate machine. Added from the outside supply: 3 slave material in the 5 Hai sintering bed, enough to make up for the shortcomings in the pellet. U.S. Patent No. 4,490,435 (L〇t〇sh et al.) discloses the use of a wide-area aqueous adhesive to mix a mineral while homogenizing and activating the obtained mouth. The mixture is then subjected to miniaturization (pelleUzed) and the raw coal mass is subjected to a heat-moisture treatment (kat h_treatment), a sigma- tion, and a subsequent two-stage heat treatment. U.S. Patent No. 4, G93,448 (Eliseev et al.) uses a binder having a twist U 15% and a particle size smaller than G83, f^ ore fines, and oxygen (tetra) and magnesium oxide. mixture. The mixture is then subjected to hydration treatment, and the first ore fines are used to produce a homogeneous mixture of 4 to 15 weight percent of the mildew of the material 1302946, and the silly homogenous mixture is The saturated vapor is used to make pellets to make pellets. ^Country: No. 4,168,966 (Furui et al.) reveals that the germline is used in a blast furnace containing cement-like materials and is adjusted: the ratio of =-1〇2 is in the range of 12 to 19, The ratio is between 13119% (four). The formed cohesive polymer was aged before being introduced into the "Heil furnace without the powder substrate. : National Patent No. 4, 52M29 (GQksel et al.) reveals a mixture of finely granulated ore fines, which is made of iron oxide-containing automatic migration of the original; a finely cut natural pyrolysis A binder containing carbon σ, material 'large @ 1 to about 30% by weight, such as a burnt lime fire, and a medium which is contacted with a vapor under pressure to hydrothermally cure the raw adhesive. U.S. Patent No. 4,636,342 (Miyashlta et al.) discloses the continuous supply of a raw pellet containing a carbonated binder to a vertical type, which is used to continuously pass the raw pellet through a pre-drying process. a zone, a carbonation zone, and a drying zone in the vertical type reactor; pre-drying gas is blown into the pre-drying zone to pre-dry the pellet therein; one comprising 5 to 95 a carbonation gas of 5% by volume of carbon dioxide and 5 to 95% by volume of saturated steam is blown into the carbonation zone to carbonate the carbonation binder contained in the granules; and a dry krypton gas is blown into the drying In the area, the pellets are hardened. 1302946 A U.S. Patent No. 4,84M84 (Shigematsu et al.) discloses that Portland cement, blast furnace cement or blast furnace slag is mixed with its iT, by means of a binder with iron ore fines. Mix to shape: large chunks. The block is then aged or hardened, and the disadvantage of this method is that the high temperature compressive strength is lowered to a lower level than required and it is difficult to obtain the automatic reduction quality required for the pellet. μ US Patent No. 5, G6M27 (Yanaka #人) uses cement as a binder, and by adding water to mix the cement and/or carbonaceous material with fine iron ore to form Raw pellets. After the greening M and pellets were placed on the mobile grate, the pellet was treated with a gas having a deuterated carbon concentration of 55 vol% or more. The disadvantage of this method is that the carbon dioxide required is too high, and it is difficult to obtain higher quality in the industrial environment. U.S. Patent No. 6,334,883 (Takenaka et al.) discloses a pellet comprising a carbonaceous material and an iron ore mainly composed of iron oxide. In the humanization and integration, the maximum flow rate of the carbonaceous material and the ratio of iron oxide particles of 10 mol% or less in the iron ore are within a specific range. U.S. Patent No. 6,4,9,964 (Aota et al.) discloses the shape of a body comprising a particulate iron material such as cast pellets, briquettes, and the like, and having sufficient strength to resist up to at least 1 〇〇 ( The temperature of rc can be used as a binder by using the oxidized Ilu cement of Van Gogh. In these pellets, iron ore of large size particles is used, so the original speed of the pellet is relatively slow. Due to the materials used and the manufacturing method, 1302946 makes it difficult for the pellets produced by this method to be in the field of automatic reduction. Moreover, in some melting processes, it is not desirable to have a high alumina content scooping agent. Because it increases the oxidized content of the slag. U.S. Patent No. 6,565,623 (Contmcci et al.) discloses that in the presence of saturated steam at temperatures of about 70 to about 10 (rc and atmospheric pressure, cement will be included). The self-reducing cohesive agent for the binder is aged and dried. The auto-reduced mucopolymer is composed of a mixture of iron ore fines and/or iron oxide. Industrial residues and / or metal iron, fine particles of carbonaceous materials, such as coal, charcoal, green petroleum coke and similar fine particles; fluxing materials, such as steel slag and blast furnace slag , limestone, lime, and similar materials; cement as a binder; flux; and a seat between 7 and 12%. This method uses steam to mature the cement block, but because the cement block has Low compressive strength, so the green cement block must be pre-dryed to reduce the water content, and try to increase the compressive strength of the green cement block. However, the method of pre-drying the green cement block will The 5th cement block is not sufficiently hydrated and the quality of the final product is reduced. The cold compressive strength is considered to be lower than the expected average and is only in the range of about 17-50 kgf/pill. Research and development on iron and steel melting technologies, such as direct steel manufacturing technology, smelt-reduction iron-making technology, DRI technology, The technology of reducing the ratio of coke to metal in the blast furnace, and the iron manufacturing technology using the cold combined pellet as the blast furnace feed to replace the sinter, the biggest problem facing 1302946 is how to work, Low cost All (4) Under the conditions of smelting, in view of this, research, high efficiency, and rapid reduction of iron ore. Research and development of an automatic method with automatic reduction ability to solve this problem - an important method - A conventional method called the gauge method, which is a pre-reduction stage 'ATST ancient, ϋ only 乂 and a melting stagnation stage. In the shovel: 'The system will be preheated, and Partially pre-reduced

: strontium coal, or coke carbon slag (c〇ke -, and cosolvent dome 4) is fed to a pressurized melt reactor comprising: iron and slag of the molten bath. Liquefaction in the melted layer,

And: iron ore:], the pellet is melted into the slag, and then reduced by carbon (char) in the slag. The process conditions cause the slag to foam. One of the carbon monoxide and hydrogen produced in the process is post-combusted in or over the slag layer to provide the energy required for the endothermic reduction reaction. Oxygen is blown from the top through a central water-cooled blow tube and nitrogen is injected through the tuyere below the reactor to ensure adequate agitation to promote heat transfer to the bath. The exhaust gas of the method is dedusted in a hot cyclone, and then fed into a blast furnace to preheat the pellet and pre-reduced into Fe or wrought iron (wustitle). There is also a conventional The method called COREX.RTM method Q Corexrtm is Deutsche Voest_Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GMBH and

Voest A!pi7te A trade name for IndustHeanlagenbau). In the 兮 method, metallurgical addition is carried out in two process reactors. The two process reactors are: a reduction furnace and a melter gasifier. The use of non-coking c0ais and iron with large ore 'pellets, or sinter, produces hot metal with blast furnace quality. Passing the coal through a Pressure Lock system into the dome of the liquefied gasification, in the temperature range of 1, 丨〇〇 to 1, 丨5〇〇c in the melter gasifier Destructive distillation of coal occurs. Oxygen blown into the melter gasifier produces a coke bed from the introduced coal and results in a reducing gas composed of 95% CO + sag and about 2% c 〇 2 . The

The gas exits the melter and is then dedusted and cooled to a range of reduction temperatures between 800 °C and 850 °C. The gas is then used to reduce the bulk ore, pellets or sinter in the reduction furnace to sponge iron having an average degree of metallization of greater than 90%. The sponge iron is taken out using a special auger screw conveyor and dropped into the molten gas state to be melted into a hot metal. As in the blast furnace, the limestone has withdrawn the slag to ensure that the sulfur is removed from the hot metal. Depending on the iron ore used, Si〇2 can also be fed into the system.

To adjust its chemical composition and the viscosity of the slag. The tapping procedure and temperature, as well as the composition of the hot metal, are identical to those in the blast furnace. The top gas of the reduction furnace has a total calorific value of about 7, _ KJ / Nm3 and can be used in a wide variety of applications. The cold bonding process is defined as a polymer having a predetermined size. This is accomplished by a combination of oxidative additions to accomplish physical and chemical methods to produce a material of sufficient strength and durability to use iron, binders, and/or fillers by using pelletization. The machine came to 12 1302946 to generate raw pellets. After the pellets are all pelletized, they are usually matured by the pellets of the raw. The cold bonding method is usually classified by the kind of the binder used in the pellets and the method of ripening the pellets. For example, hydraulic bonds, carbonate bonds, thermo-hydraulic b〇nds, soare cements, liquid glass bonds, and other organic binders, They have all been analyzed and applied in the past, but they all have unsatisfactory results. There are two examples in the underarm that illustrate the combination of hydraulic and carbonate cold. "The hydraulic combination method uses a hydraulic material as a binder. :4. The cement used in this method is Portland cement. , high-oxidation cement, blast furnace cement, or blast furnace melting. Also used are lime, hydrated lime (hydr〇_llme), and others. After mixing the binder with the material containing iron oxide and adding water (4) becomes a pellet. After that, the pellet is dried and hardened. The typical shot-bonding method uses Portland cement as a binder. The carbonate combination method uses lime, slaked lime, or contains lime. The material is used as a binder. Eight people + After the binder is combined with the fine particles of iron ore, and the pellets are formed, the hot gas of carbon is matured. It is contained in the side of the 'Xiao' containing cerium oxide 3 Calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide in the pellets are reacted to form calcium carbonate, and then appropriate (four) degrees and resistance to A are obtained. Here, all the cold-binding methods of the pellets have been confirmed to be ineffective in practical application 13 1302946 until now. The reason for this is that all methods have at least one disadvantage that leads to the following drawbacks: low cold compressive strength, unproducible u-origin degradation index, low high-temperature strength, and inappropriate reducibility: high system & cost Or it is impossible to manufacture a large number of continuous use of iron or steel for the industry. Because other conventional cold bond adhesives can't really meet the needs of a wide range of metallurgical energies, or to complete continuous industrial processes at low cost, these existing technologies are still inextricably applied to iron and steel industry. :in. The MTU carbonaceous pellets can be partially placed in a steel furnace for the manufacture of iron, as well as an electric furnace for steel making and a furnace for iron making, but the pellet cannot be used at low cost. The large-sized production line that has been placed on the production line is therefore incapable of being used in the industry. Therefore, the present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned operations and to prepare for the preparation of the process.丨 及 ' 以 以 以 以 以 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 Furnace iron, non-blast furnace iron, and steel in the class, etc., during the period of all kinds of materials or waste gas, or any pellets of =5, no water, raw materials are widely reported, and I can not put it. In the ferrous powder dust or steel that comes out of these pellets, the manufacturing cost of the pellets made from iron and steel waste is lower than that of the well-known products, and its investment is 14 1302946. Less than a f, ,, 1 + of the sinter. Therefore, the present invention can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost and the inevitable pollution of the iron and steel plants. ▲ / Automatic extension and cold combination pellets include iron ore concentrate, carbon-reducing film X and fine-cut Portland cement clinker with special requirements as a binder. Put this red bastard + ^ into a knife, and mouth 5 together to form a mixture. The pellet is produced when the mixture is placed in a j-shop, a crepe dish, or a rotating drum, and water is added. Pellets having a predetermined size are obtained by using roller screens, which are normally between 8·ΐ6. The pellets are then placed continuously into a curing apparatus. The pellets are hydrated and carbonated by using a hot gas having a temperature of about 1 Torr and containing carbon dioxide inside the hydrazine device. After drying, the dried pellets are discharged from the curing apparatus and ready for use. The present invention provides the following advantages over the prior art: (1) It is possible to use all kinds of existing steelmaking furnaces, and related technical mechanisms, without having to rebuild the tissue at a high investment cost; (2) used in the present invention The new pellets are much cheaper to manufacture than the cost of pre-reduced pellets and calcined pellets; they can be manufactured in continuous industrial production without contamination; (3) because all types of fine sand can be used Granules and low-cost hematite fines, and may also partially contain iron-containing dust from the steel industry, such as Unz_D〇nawitz (LD) steel in mud, which can be achieved for different iron ore High manageability · (4) Lower energy consumption; and 15 1302946 This (5) can be used for a new pellet to reduce the steelmaking cost by up to 2 (10). _ EAFfe furnace This automatic reduction, cold and artificial agent, as well as with special broken rain, iron ore fine sand, carbon and cement.兮料# # , w finely cut Portland steel in the mud,: 奋 丨 丨 斤 斤 斤 斤 斤 ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ 主要 主要 主要 主要 主要 主要 主要 主要 主要 主要The iron ore fine sand is most preferably about 200 mesh or less, preferably about 200 mesh and 325 mesh 竿乂 1 degree. 9 # # # I θ, it will reduce the strength of the pellets. The iron content of the iron ore concentrate should be about _ or more. It can also be combined with iron ore fines. This compound. The amount of iron ore concentrate contained in the pellets is determined by the amount of iron and the amount of reducing agent L, and is normally between about 6.里里/〇 The carbonaceous reducing agent is typically a coal powder. It may consist of coke bromide, anthracite, or a mixture thereof. The amount of fixed carbon contained in these carbonaceous materials is normally about 70% or higher, and the higher the better. The coal powder should have more than 95% of the particles of the large xiao, the particles having a size smaller than about, about Q3 _, in other words, the coal powder particles must be about 48 mesh or less, in terms of iron production. It is about 60 mesh under normal conditions and about 2 mesh in steel. The coal content contained in the pellets depends on the iron oxide (?-11 on) number 1 contained in the pellet and the fixed carbon content of the coal, and it should be at least one value which enables 90 The iron content by weight % is reduced back from the total iron oxide contained in the 16!3〇2946 pellet; otherwise, it will reduce the pellet=thermal strength. When calculating the value of coal contained in the pellet, the thermal balance should also be taken into account. Under normal conditions, the coal content ranges between about 10 and 26% by weight. 4 I., Hatchback] is a finely ground Portland cement dip with special needs. It will make the pellet have high early strength, good hydration and stone acidification quality. The pellets will have high strength and auto-reduction characteristics after being matured in the reaction apparatus. It is known that dicalcium siHcate contained in cement hot material is compared with tricalcium citrate and tricalcium aluminate contained in _ Portland cement clinker ((1)(3)...aluminate) In the case of brown millerite, it has the slowest fire a speed. The diteric acid feed will greatly affect the strength of the pellet so that its content must be reduced to a degree that is less than 2% by weight, preferably less than 8% by weight. Other requirements for the cement clinker are as follows: (1) The tannins included in the cement clinker should have a content of more than about 50% by weight, most preferably about 56% by weight.

The better Vietnam; 4P (2) the volume of tricalcium phosphate and tricalcium aluminate should have a ratio between about 5 · 1 to 1 〇 · 1; (3) the cement clinker should be Finely cut so that the fraction of the particle size smaller than 0·08 mm should be about 90% or larger; (4) The free calcium oxide (f-CaO) content should be less than 3 wt%. 17 1302946 If the binder is less than about 1%, the pellet will have a low compressive strength' but if the binder is more than about 20%, it will also make the pellets relatively expensive to use. Under normal conditions, the binder content of the pellet falls between about 1 〇 2 〇 wt%. In some instances, an additive in the range of from about 0% to about 3% by weight may be added to the mash pellets. The additive may be composed of dolomite, limestone, lime, slaked lime, earthy soil, and any other material that can be adjusted, slag characteristics, and pellet strength. The size should be about 48 mesh or less. The composition of the pellet is about 6〇_79% by weight of iron ore concentrate, large, spoonful of 10 26 weights/G of carbon-containing reducing agent, and about weight%. Finely ground Portland cement clinker with special requirements, with a total weight of 100% 混合 mixed according to the weight ratio of the above-mentioned predetermined materials to create an isotropic mixture for the manufacture of pellets. The stomach mixture is formed into a "to-small pelletizing device, such as a spherical dish, or a rotating drum" to form pellets by adding sufficient water. Thereafter, the pellets are naturally matured in the line, or It is matured by an industrial maturation process, as described below. In the pelletization I, the pellets are sorted, such as by using a tromfiler to filter. This is because it is not necessary. The smaller or larger pellets of the crucible are separated and the loose powder adhered to the pellet is removed or adhered to the pellet more firmly. The purpose of eliminating or consolidating Xiaozhengzhi is to avoid When passing through the reaction device, 18 l3〇2946 J pills adhered to each other due to loose powder. After the lenght gentleman's extra number q and smaller or larger pellets can be recycled and again a. The normal condition of water contained in the raw pellets, ^, 舌 〇 / , Μ 备 在 大约 大约 大约 大约 大约 & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & The top inlet acts in the 2 ❹reaction unit 1 Q to perform hydration, stone deacidification, and desiccation of the pellets. The individual vertical enthalpy is straight and has A n. The set of 10 is -" With the inlet 12 at its top, one out = the bottom 'and in a systematic manner divided into the upper half 6 people lower half 18 'the maturation gas is led to the reaction device + part 1 8 and in the upper half of the slot respectively After contact with the sputum pill, it is discharged from the inlet 12 of the trough. The reaction device 10 can have multiple inlets and outlets, if necessary. Most of the maturation gas is greater than (10) _ = Contains about 10 volumes of "higher carbon dioxide exhaust gas, and is from industrial furnaces, such as hot blast furnaces." " the pellets are sequentially and continuously passed through the reaction + part 1 6 and lower part 18 8. When advancing down to the upper half 16 6 , the pellets are slowly heated and come from the maturation gas from the lower half of the carbon dioxide The therapeutic gas evaporated by the pellets below is aged. When the pellets are advanced to the inside of the lower half of the reactor, the pellets will be heated and have about __ 3 〇〇 ° C The ripening gas containing carbon dioxide in the temperature range and the vapor evaporated from the pellets below are aged. In the route from the inlet 1 2 to the outlet i 4 of the reactor unit, 19 1302946, the pellets will be sequentially and continuously by main hydration, hydration and carbonation, mainly carbonation, and drying. (desiccati〇n) to ripen. Also, the pellets are sufficiently hydrated, carbonated, and dried. Once discharged from the reaction unit 1 , the pellets are ready for use. From the pellets from the inlet of the reaction unit i 丄 2 into the open = to the end 'and from the reaction device! The time that Q is discharged from σ14 is about 2 4 - 9 6 hours. In the present invention, the pre-drying order of the curing method used in other inventions becomes unnecessary due to the rapid solidification characteristics of the binder. It also reduces the water non-uniformity of the pellets that occur during the pelletization process, i.e., ensures uniformity of hydration and carbonation. The pellets can also be naturally aged in air at temperatures in excess of about 2 Torr, without being placed in direct sunlight for about 14 to 28 days. These pellets will have a cold compressive strength, normally about 2 5 to 5 〇 kgf per pellet. These pellets can be used in the manufacture of products having lower pellet strength requirements such as DRI fabrication in rotary hearth furnaces. Compared with the prior art: these cold-bonded pellets and their manufacturing method have the following characteristics: ^ 1) The pellet has sufficient cold compressive strength; the pellet is matured by a hot gas containing carbon dioxide by the method for 96 hours. Will have a cold compressive strength, normally about 7 8 _ 2 〇〇 kgf / pellet, which is very suitable for transportation and storage; 2) the pellet will have higher heat strength, and will not Heating and also 20 1302946 original period cracking or pulverizing, maintaining its solid shape until it is melted; softening / J2L will start higher than 1000 ° C, and can be adjusted; 3) the pellet will have a fast reduction rate, As follows: a) at a temperature of 900 ° C for 3 hours, the degree of reduction can reach more than 9 〇%; and b) at 1200 C ambient temperature for 3 〇 minutes, almost all iron ore will be reduced; 4) Pellets containing coal or coke carbon slag can completely replace the sinter as a feed for the gentamic furnace, greatly reducing the ratio of coke to metal to about 2 δ 0 ν gf / 1; the pellet can also be used As Non-blast furnace and feedstock for ironmaking in dRI manufacturing; 5) The pellet can also be used as a direct steel feed to significantly reduce manufacturing costs; 6) the pellet can store the length of the report (more than 1 year), and Will not smash; 7) Will require relatively low investment capital in the same specification, which is one-half or less of the sinter; 8) All kinds of iron oxide ore, steel can be used in the children's pellets ; in the mud, and the baking rust of the emulsified iron material; and) the strength and melting characteristics of the pellet can be adjusted according to different melting requirements. . Haixiaowan will maintain its original knot dog, so as to avoid its cracking and pulverization in the high temperature preheating environment and steel melting smelting. The 21 1302946 one- and one-intensity auto-reduced, cold-bonded pellets can be manufactured at room temperature and high temperature by using a 咼 quality adhesive, the most practical, and a particularly creative manufacturing process. . Before the slag is separated from the liquid iron, the pellet will retain its original shape when the pellet is heated to a constant temperature. This specially designed pellet for steelmaking has a reasonable internal carbon content. All the materials of fen and reduction reaction (iron ore, coal powder, and binder), II. The skin, ground, and field are ground and uniformly mixed. A certain area can reach (10) 2 - 1 and all of the features will provide very good reaction conditions for the reduction reaction.

: When the pellet is placed in molten steel, due to the high temperature factor, the carbon in the interior of the pellet will be completely vented, and the rate of reduction will be reported. The knife will move very lively, and therefore the 'mineral mine in this kind of pellet, pre-twisted at high temperature, the iron in the J-pill of the scorpion; fτ 4 17...the pellet is melted The iron ore's original τ is completed within 3 minutes of no more than 3 minutes. To sum up, because of the method used, the automatic reduction, cold junction:: and the requirements of the melting process for manufacturing the pellets. Can reach most forms

The following are non-limiting examples. [Embodiment] Example 1 A mixture was made to include 6 denier. , wt% of smokeless sputum, 5% of iron sinter, 2 〇, and 13% by weight of Μ# compound placed in a spherical disk, after the binder of rice 7, the mixture has a 9 to! n D/; water is added to the mixture to make the sputum of the sputum, and the spheroid pellets of the spheroid are used. Thereafter, the pellets were sorted to produce pellets having a size of 8-16 22 1302946 mm, and then the pellets were aged by the method of the present invention, which was tied at 15 Torr. . The temperature is measured using a hot blast furnace and contains approximately 25 vol% carbon dioxide for approximately 6 hours. The main chemical composition of the dried pellets is as follows (by weight): TFe* Ca〇 Si〇2 a12〇3 Mg〇 C** 45.5 8·3 7·〇 2 · 5 3 · 3 1 4 · 2

The cold compressive strength is 80 kgf// pellet. The softening temperature starts at 70 °C. The pellets can be used in smaller blast furnaces, and in leg ovens or in other applications as feedstock for ironmaking. Example

The strength of using 75% by weight of iron slag and 12% by weight of the bonded pellets in the same manner as in Example 1 will increase. The method of the following (by weight), but changing the mineral concentrate of the mixture, 13% by weight of the coke charge, compared to Example 1, the main chemical composition of the cooked pellets is q * * 10-66 TFe* Ca0 Si〇2 Al2〇3 Mg〇50·68 8·37 6·36 1·87 1·68 The cold compressive strength is 1 〇〇kgf/ pellet. The softening temperature starts with the work f 〇 〇t °. The pellet can be used instead of the sinter to make a cut into the large blast furnace, and it will reduce the consumption of coke to 238 kg per ton of pig iron. ' 23 1302946 The main chemical composition of the pellet of another embodiment is as follows (by weight)·· s °

C a〇S i 〇2 A 1 2〇3 Mg〇Q * * 7 · 6 6 · 1 2 · 〇0 · 6 8 · 6 8 · 3 6 · 8 2 · 2 0 · 9 10 · Total F e Fixed C TF e * 4 9 · 5 4 9 · 1 氺氺

The rules, preferred aspects, and modes of operation of the invention are set forth in the description of the invention. However, the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed. This specific aspect should be considered as illustrative rather than limiting. Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, all of the various changes and modifications of the spirit and scope of the present invention are obviously as defined in the following claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a specific aspect of the apparatus of the present invention. [Explanation of main component symbols] ίο.Reaction device 1 2 ·Inlet 14·Exit 16·Upper part 1 8 ·Lower part 24

Claims (1)

1302946 X. Patent application scope: 1 · An automatic reduction, cold combination # 〇0/ ^ ^ ^ 』 pellet, which contains about 60-79 liters / of iron oxide containing material, the material S ^ φ , . , „ main part The system is between about 200 "smaller" large, about 10-26% by weight of a carbonaceous reducing agent, and has about 48 mesh or a smaller particle size, and has a fineness of about 10-20% by weight. The cut Portland cement clinker is about 9G% of the total volume of the clinker particles. The cement is more than 0.08, and the amount in the cement clinker. . The 7-mono-calcium system is less than about 20 mph. The iron oxide-containing material, the combined sputum, and the Jindian are combined. ... the total amount of the original agent and the cement clinker 2. According to the scope of the patent application, the first material is an iron ore fine sand having at least a large amount of iron containing S. • According to the scope of the patent application, the second item Ganzi>-step includes iron ore fines, Penggang dust, sputum, and the pellets are further advanced or... i steel dust, blast furnace dust, rolling rust, a scorpion of the iron A mixture of mineral sands combined. 4. According to the scope of the application for patents, the dosage system is coke charcoal, non-refining...in the middle ..., coal (non-cokmg coal), Taihu graphite, or a mixture thereof.厌,5·According to the application for patent 笳]^ # spoon into the target of the cousin 1 item of pellets, wherein the cement upset contains about Μ% by weight or more of the stone yoghurt three mothers.匕 (4) 6 · According to the application for a patent 笳 图 Chu contains the Li Xi acid three _ Lai-35 pills, which proportion of the cement clinker. W material has about 5:1 to 10:1 pellet according to item 4 of the patent application scope, wherein the cement clinker is 25 1302946 〆, and there is less than 3 weight % of free oxidization in S (free caiciunl 〇 Xide ) 〇 8. The pellet according to the scope of the patent application, wherein the pellet is matured in a space, the temperature is about 2 〇 or it is higher, lasting about 14-28 days, and not placed in direct sunlight under. 9. The pellet according to the scope of the patent application, wherein the pellet has a size range of about 8-16 mm. 10. The pellet according to item i of the patent application, wherein the pellet is aged at a temperature ranging from about 100 to 300 ° C using a curing gas having a carbon dioxide of substantially 10% by volume or more. > 11· According to the pellet of item 1G of the patent application, wherein the pellet is aged for about 24-96 hours. 12. According to the pellet of the scope of patent application 帛1, the step of the pellet comprises an additive for adjusting the alkalinity of the pellet. 13. A method of producing a pellet of the item i of the patent scope, comprising: the iron oxide-containing material, the carbon-containing reducing agent, and the fine The Portland cement clinker is mixed, the mixture and water are placed in a two-powdering device 'the pellets are sorted to produce pellets having a pre-f-determined size of about % '' and contain about 8- 12 heavy. ^People 7,29 classified pellets are placed in the reaction device, using the 匕s carbon dioxide curing gas to classify the small temperature to about 100_30 (between rc. 仃元,, > 14 According to the scope of the patent application, the system is the vertical groove... the right side goes to # the bottom of the reaction j... the inlet is at the top and the outlet is at: the inside of the sea trough is divided into the upper half and the lower half.彳26 1302946 is introduced into the lower half and, after being in contact with the pellets in the upper and lower halves of the tank, respectively, is discharged from the inlet of the tank, and the classified pellets enter from the inlet After the reaction device, it is sequentially and continuously advanced downward through the upper and lower halves of the reaction device, and the classified pellets are hydrated, before being discharged at the outlet of the Sie reaction device. Anti-knocking And drying the pellets in the reaction apparatus for aging. 15. The method according to claim 14 wherein the reaction apparatus is a single vertical tank. The method according to claim 14, wherein The pellet is used; the aging effect, the stone deacidification, and the drying ripening time are about 24*"96 hours. ^丨7· According to the method of claim 13, wherein the ripening gas receives the carbon dioxide content The method of claim 13 wherein the curing gas system is a heating furnace from a hot blast furnace, a power plant, or a rolling mill, or an industrial one. The exhaust gas obtained by the furnace. The method of claim 15, wherein the pelletization system is a spherical disk or a rotating cylinder, and the pellets are classified by a single cylinder sieve 2. The method according to claim 13 wherein the progress of the mixture comprises an additive for adjusting the alkalinity of the pellet. Cold-bonded pellets comprising about 60-79 stars of iron ore concentrate having at least about 6% by weight of 27 1302946 in iron I & between the main octagonal of the iron ore concentrate Large in ν 丨 系 系 大约 大约 大约 大约 大约 大约 大约 大约 大约 大约 大约 大约 大约 大约 大约 大约 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者 或者Porter # Approximately 10-20% by weight of the fine-grained special cement clinker is used as a total volume of about 9〇% or ^, wherein the cement clinker is micro-containing in the cement clinker : 2: The measurement is less than 0. 08 face, and the inside / °, the cement clinker contains about 5 〇 * three _; the 、, 尸古λ 4 people i% or more of the 夕 Θ acid cement The dip consists of a mixture of 3:1 to 10 · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Less than 3% by weight of milk, skillfully, the total weight of the iron oxide-containing material and clinker is 100%; ... the original agent, and the size range of the cement. The pellets have a size of about 8-16 mm. 22 according to the scope of the patent application, the granules of the squid, the squid, and the granules further include iron ore fines, steel ash, steel, dust, rolling A scale, or a mixture of the iron ore concentrate. 2 3 · According to the patent of the Qing Qing patent range No. 21, the carbon-containing reducing agent is coke carbon residue, non-coking coal, wood, graphite, or a mixture thereof. 24. The pellet according to item 21 of the patent application, wherein the pellet is aged in the air 'the temperature is about 2 〇t or higher, and lasts about 14-28 days, and is not placed under direct sunlight. 25. 小 摅 摅 摅 摅 摅 摅 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 The ripening gas of the emulsified slave is matured at a temperature ranging from about 100 to 3 °C. 28 1302946 26. The pellet according to claim 25, wherein the pellet is aged for about 24-96 hours. 27. The pellet of claim 21, wherein the pellet further comprises an additive for adjusting the alkalinity of the pellet. 28. The pellet according to claim 21, wherein the pellet is aged and has a cold-shrinking strength of about 78 • fan kgfA pellet. > 29_(d) t. The pellet of claim 21, wherein the pellet is aged and has a heat intensity greater than about. 30. An autoreduction, cold bonded pellet comprising about 5% by weight of iron ore concentrate having an iron content of at least about 6% by weight, the major portion of the iron ore concentrate being between about 2 Between the order of the eye and the 3 mesh; about 1G-26% by weight of the carbonaceous reducing agent having a particle size of about 48 mesh or less; and about 1〇2〇% by weight of the finely cut porter Blue cement-clinker as a binder' wherein about 90% or more of the total volume of the cement clinker particles is less than 〇〇8 claws, and the dicalcium citrate contained in the cement clinker The portion is less than about 2% by weight, the cement clinker comprises about 50% by weight or more of tricalcium citrate; the cement clinker comprises tricalcium citrate and tricalcium aluminate, and has about 5:丨 to a ratio of 1 〇. 1 'the cement clinker has a content of less than 3% by weight of the free oxidized mother', the total weight of the iron oxide-containing material, the carbon-containing reducing agent, and the cement clinker is 100%; The pellets have a size range of approximately 8-16 mm, using approximately 10% by volume or more Curing the carbon dioxide gas at about 100-300T: a temperature range between the aged pellets, the pellets having a cold of about 78-200 kgf / pellet compression strength. 29 1302946 3 1 · Root A pellet having a size greater than approximately 30 according to the scope of the patent application, wherein the pellet has a heat strength of 1,000 °c. 32. A method of producing a pellet according to claim 31, comprising mixing the iron ore concentrate, the carbon-containing shut-off, and the finely cut Portland cement clinker, the mixture and The water is placed on a spherical disc or in a rotating drum to form a spherical pellet, ## is categorized by a roller screen to produce a predetermined number of approximately 8]6 faces. Eight: inch pellets, and containing about 8-12% by weight of water, the classified pellets are placed in a reaction device, and the classified pellets are matured using a heating gas containing carbon dioxide at a temperature of about Trace 30 (between TCs, the reaction device is a vertical groove having a cubic shape, a top thereof and an outlet at the bottom thereof, the inside of the groove being divided into the lower half of the upper half P. The gas is introduced into the lower half and is contacted with the pellets in the squid and the lower half of the squid The inlet is discharged from the inlet, and after the classified pellet enters the reaction, it is sequentially and continuously advanced downward through the upper half 4 and the lower half of the reaction apparatus, and the classified pellet is The pellet is discharged from the outlet of the reaction apparatus to ripen the pellet in the reaction apparatus by water cooperation, carbonation, and drying. XI. Schema: As the next page. 30