TWI296264B - Modifying the electro-mechanical behavior of devices - Google Patents

Modifying the electro-mechanical behavior of devices Download PDF

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TWI296264B
TWI296264B TW094114423A TW94114423A TWI296264B TW I296264 B TWI296264 B TW I296264B TW 094114423 A TW094114423 A TW 094114423A TW 94114423 A TW94114423 A TW 94114423A TW I296264 B TWI296264 B TW I296264B
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Taiwan
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environmental control
control material
package
mems
display device
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TW094114423A
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TW200607748A (en
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Manish Kothari
Lauren Palmateer
Clarence Chui
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Idc Llc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/001Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on interference in an adjustable optical cavity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B81MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
    • B81BMICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
    • B81B7/00Microstructural systems; Auxiliary parts of microstructural devices or systems
    • B81B7/0032Packages or encapsulation
    • B81B7/0035Packages or encapsulation for maintaining a controlled atmosphere inside of the chamber containing the MEMS
    • B81B7/0038Packages or encapsulation for maintaining a controlled atmosphere inside of the chamber containing the MEMS using materials for controlling the level of pressure, contaminants or moisture inside of the package, e.g. getters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Cold Cathode And The Manufacture (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Description

1296264 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 • 微機電系統(MEMS)通常包括至少一個位於一獨立封裝 之中之可移動元件。舉例而言,諸如干涉或可偏移、反射 調節器之空間光調節器可包含於一具有一藉由一環或其它 封裝支撐件自一基板偏置之透明視窗的封裝中。基於微機 電系統之開關可裝入具有藉由相似組件自一基板偏置之保 €帽的封裝中。通常地,微機電系統裝置位於基板與一偏 置帖或盍之間,因為該等裝置藉由一致動訊號啟動時需要 空間來移動。 【先前技術】 <該封裝類型導致一用於微機電系統裝置之操作環境需要 受控制。在許多情況下,控制封裝内環境的解決辦法包括 建立封裝内環境且然後密封其以確保環境保持恆定。在 3年7月8曰頒予的美國專利第6,589,625號中討論了該密 封方法之一實例。密封封裝之過程引起裝置成本,同時亦 引起製造過程之複雜性。 【發明内容】 封震環境之另-調整方式係吸氣劑之利…吸氣劑係 插^封裝環境中以從裝置中吸收濕氣之材料。作為實例, 吸氣Μ可吸收形成於高溫操作之水,或可吸收從裝置之操 作釋氣之其它材料。 封裝内部濕度之控制可對内部裝置之操作具有顯著效 應。高濕度可引起靜摩擦、黏著與摩擦之組合之問題,然 101345.doc 1296264 而完全乾燥環境可具有其它效應。 裱境之其它態樣可引起問題或導致增加之效能。舉例而 .t ’減少封裝内部之分a可加速裝置,因為可減少可移動 ^件與基板之間空氣之任何阻尼效應。此可導致增加之效 能二因為與在分壓未減少之環境中相比,元件移動得更快。 藉由> a圖式閱項本揭示案可最佳瞭解本發明。 【實施方式】 微機電(MEMS)裝置包含—女_ #^ J衣罝匕3大類裝置,該等裝置中機械結 攀構與一不同材料之其它結構相接觸。舉例而言,一可移動 元件可接觸一藉由介電質塗覆之表面。該等類型之微機電 系統裝置中濕氣之存在可導致可能需要或不需要之改變性 質。 當裝置操作環境中之濕度變得太高時,—不需要之性質 之實例發生。當濕度水平超過一水平,超過該水平則來 自濕氣之表面張力變得比—可移動元件之復位力高時,可 鲁移動元件可變得永久地黏於該表面。若濕度水平太低,則 當几件與塗覆表面接觸時濕氣充電至與可移動元件相同之 極性。此可引起如W1所示之磁滞曲線1〇之收縮。圖】展示 正=操作條件下-微機電系統裝置之一典型操作曲線。 方裝置在-低濕氣或完全乾社環境巾操作,則裝置性 質可變得依裝置與材料之設計而定’諸如可移動元件與接 觸之塗覆表面。此可導勒驻品士 爷致衷置細作性質之急劇改變。圖2 把一典型環境中操作之裝置10與一低或無濕度環境中操作 之^裝置12相比較。 101345.doc 1296264 該等不同環境可產 之結果。控制該(等) 此在操作環境之若 在一些情況下,大部分依應用而定, 生需要之結果。另外,其可產生將要避免 可移動元件之環境可控制元件之性質。 干不同態樣中具有效應。
舉例而言’如上文論述可改變電性f ^藉由濕氣量來 控制在微機電系統裝置中所觀察之充電量,如可控制靜電 放電(ESD)。可控制濕氣之存在或缺乏以改變致動電壓,即 引起可移動元件從—初始位置移動之彼電壓^可控制或 代替致動電壓控制釋放電壓,即引起可移動^件從直致動 位置釋放之彼電壓。開關—微機電系統裝置所需之電廢量 亦八開動”亥裝置所需之電流量相關。一開關電壓中之變化 可導致一裝置電流消耗中之變化。 /亦可控制機械影響。不同環境控制材料可改變封裝内部 氣體之分Μ。此可改變可移動元件之機械回應時間。在微 機電系統裝置中’機械薄膜與基板之間之空隙所導致的移 動阻力相似於空氣平均自由路徑之移動阻力。線性地減少 錢能減少阻尼,且可顯著減少可移動元件達到其致動狀 態所需之時間。 此外,可改變結構薄膜之錢硬度。㈣封裝内部之濕 度可引起薄膜氧化,從而改變其機械硬度 度可改變可移動元件之回應時間或釋放時間。频更 •亦可改變裝置之一般特性。舉例而言,可訂製裝置之壽 命。在-種情況下…裝置在曝露於⑶2後可能會失效。若 袭置〜要L , 5年,則可控制c〇2吸收。假定c〇2之滲透速 101345.doc 1296264 率係(X)公克/平方米/24小時。若A係7 — L〇2可滲透之面積, 則可選擇一具有—5A微孔尺寸之環境控制材料。藉由㈣ 吸收之C〇2總量除以Y,其中Y係介於〇盥 >、間。置於封裝 中之環境控制材料量之公式變為: (X*5*365*24*A)/Y。 對用於光學應用之微機電系統裝置(諸如光電子開關或 顯不元件)’亦可控制其光學特性一實例包括__安置於裝
置中之材料以使濕氣存在下之可移動元件之表面上形成氧 化鋁,進而改變裝置之光學性質。 環境控制材料亦可改變熱效應。在一實例中,一裝置通 常係藉由於-真空中密封裝置被封裝。熱耗散僅藉奸^ 發生。應用-具有良好對流熱耗散之環境控制材料,即不 需要進-步之密封或真空。環境控制材料可能由能吸收不 同分子尺寸或不同材料(諸如水、氧及氮)之若干不同材料組 成。於封裝内亦可控制環境控制材料之再生。 y藉由環境控制材料控制之裝置之其它態樣包含腐蝕。 濕氣存在下之氧化與一酸性環境之形成可破壞元件。舉例 而言,氯於高溫下可從裝置釋氣。當與濕氣組合時,可形 成可破壞裝置之鹽酸。可藉由環境控制材料之選擇避免該 效應。 裱境控制材料一旦被選擇,可插入裝置封裝或一模組封 裝中。圖3中展示一裝置封裝。微機電系統裝置22顯示作一 形成於一基板24之上之薄膜層(僅作為一實例)。在此特殊實 例中’該裝置係一應用干涉效應從入射光形成影像之顯示 101345.doc 1296264 部分之二=件由一與諸如基板或所示薄膜堆疊之 藉由調節器經動元件形成,者19會看到 可偏置且藉由一;成封二 像一後板或第二表面“ -表面接合㈣3G接合至基板叫第 構开 U甘“⑧了由具有-弟二表面及側面之結 乂成”中後板26與側面30會成為一個單元
凹陷後板以容納調節器。把環境控制材料28插入封穿以引 起或避免如上述討論之效應。 封裝以弓丨 在-替代:施例中,可把環境控制材料插入一模組封 、D此處定義之該封裝係如圖4所示包含裝置封裝之 =模組封裝3。具有一藉由一接合材料34自一第二:面% 之第一表面32。模組封裝30内係裝置封裝2〇。環 制材料28插人模組封裝中。此外,環境控制材料可藉由势 成接合材料、基板之部㈣成封裝之部分,或作為襄置f 造品之部分。在-實施例中’調節器2〇之視窗與模組封裝 之第-表面32可為同一表面,或其安裝使其形成單一結 構。在此種情況了,第一表面可為模組與裝置封裝 : 表面。 圖5展示了 一製造程序之一實施例。該程序具有三個基本 要素,可移動元件60之製造、裝置70之封裝與包含環境材 於50a中可移動元件4G之製造可包含環境控制材料。 % ^控制材料可製成基板、元件自身之製造品之部分,或 在形成元件期間處理各種材料(例如沈積為薄膜)期間。 封裝製程可包含或不包含一模組封裝。可移動元件封入 101345.doc -10- 上296264 農置封f 49。& 包含於裝置封^面二討論,於5附包含環境控制材料可 第二表面之間:裝置二4中施用接合材料形成位於第-與 環境控制材料可料二。此外,如前面所提及’於5以中 為接合材料之部分插人封裝中。 有環封裝中,則㈣中該模組封裝即可具 裝,1中於5〇中、後於48中施用接合材料形成模組封 、6中可包含環境控制材料。該程序可包含一裝
U、-模組封以兩^封裝 & 料接合一第一声 U從稭由接合材 是 、或第一表面,而不論該第一與第二表面 否為一裝置封裝或一模組封裝。 用於製程之每一邱八+仏 母7刀之材料可依微機電系統裝置盥苴應 :而:化,同時亦取決於所需之環境效應。裝置封裝通; 曰包3 一基板與-後板。基板或裝置或模組封裝之第一表 面可包含玻璃、塑膠、金屬、矽或陶瓷,除了別的以外。 後板或裝置或;^組封裝之第二表面可為玻璃、塑膠、金屬、 屬自夕陶瓷、流體專等。用於任一封裝之接合材料 可為一環氧基黏接劑、〇形環密封劑、p][Bs、聚胺基曱酸酯、 八有環i兄控制材料之黏接劑、薄膜金屬對金屬 (metal-to-metai)焊接點、液體旋塗式玻璃、焊料或聚合物 或塑膠層之原地生長以形成密封件。 環境控制材料可為具有各種微孔尺寸之沸石(沸石係链 石夕酸納之通用名稱)、分子篩、吸收表面上或整體内之其它 分子之表面或整體吸附劑、或乾燥劑。環境控制材料可為 一與不期望之材料反應以形成一無害化合物之化學反應 -11 - 101345.doc 1296264 物,諸如吸收濕氣以形成另一惰性化合物之化學反應物。 可把環境控制材料製作為裝置,一旦環境控制材料到達分 子内部,該等裝置可物理地阻塞分子之洩漏。分子篩可被 併入沈積或旋塗於聚合物上之薄膜中。分子篩可被噴塗於 裝置表面,或提前製備且於應用前再生,同時亦可用作一 〉又潰塗層。 除了不同種類之材料與應用其之不同方法,環境控制材 料可為不同形狀、尺寸與形式。環境控制材料可為固體、 於封裝内可直接堆積之粉末或與黏接劑混合供施用。材料 可形成為圓柱體、薄片等形狀,且然後於封裝内被應用。 可於封裝内或基板上把材料絲網印刷或液體分配。材料之 應用交予系統設計者處理。 因此,儘管至此已描述具有環境控制材料之微機電系統 裝置之方法與設備之一個別實施例,但不希望該等特殊參 照案被視為除下列申言青專利II圍所p東述以外本發明之範轉 之限制。 可 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1展示一操作微機電裝置之一磁滯曲線。 圖2展不不同裱境條件下操作微機電裝置之磁滯曲線。 圖3展不一包含環境控制材料之微機電裝置之裝置封裝 之一實施例。 、 圖4展不包合裱境控制材料之微機電裝置之模組封裝 之一實施例。 、 圖5展示一製造一包含環境控制材料之微機電裝置之實 101345.doc -12- 1296264 施例之流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】
10 磁滯曲線 12 低或無濕度環境中操作之裝置 19 觀察者 20 裝置封裝、調節器 22 微機電系統裝置 24 基板 26 後板或第二表面 28 環境控制材料 30 接合材料、模組封1、側 第一表面 32 34 接合材料 36 第二表面 40 製造可移動元件 42 裝置封裝 44, 48 應用接合材料 46 封入板組封裝 50 環境材料 50a,50b,50c,50d,50e 包含環境控制材料 60 可移動元件 70 裝置 101345.doc 13

Claims (1)

  1. 、Ϊ29®Μΐ4423號專利申請案 中文申凊專利範圍替換本(96年12月) 十、申請專概陣;:〜—1 Γ 1 · 一種顯示器裝置,其包括:匕————一‘ 一 一.一―1—J j L1 一第一表面; 一自該第一表面偏置以形成一封裝之第二表面; 於忒封裝中至少一微機電系統(MEMS)裝置,該mems 4置包括配置用以接觸另一表面的可移動表面;及 一位於該封装内之環境控制材料,其中選擇環境控制 材料之一數量以便影響該MEMS裝置之一操作。 2. 如請求項1之顯示器裝置,其中該第一表面包括-基板。 3. 如請求項2之顯示器裝置,其中該基板包括玻璃、塑膠、 金屬、矽與陶瓷中之至少一種。 4. 如請求们之顯示器裝置’其中該第二表面包括一後板 5. 如吻求項4之顯不器裝置,其中該後板包括玻璃、塑膠 金屬、金屬箔、石夕、與陶瓷之至少一種。 6. 如請求則之顯示器裝置’其進一步包括一接合該第1 面及该第二表面之接合材料。 7·如^求項6之顯示器裝置’其中該接合材料包括選自由Ί 列各物組成之群之一材料:環氧基黏接劑、0形環、ΡΙΒ 聚胺基甲酸酯、内部併入有彿石之㈣劑、薄 接點、液體旋塗式g g^ 、 ,. §1 璃谇枓、生長聚合物與生長塑膠‘ 由下列各物組成之群之一材料中境晴 '斗·/弗石、分子篩、乾燥劑, 表面吸附劑、整體吸附劑、化 ^ 9.如請求項8之顯㈣置心反應物、與物理阻塞物= 貝丁為裝置’其中該分子篩係藉由一選自由 101345-961203.doc 1296264 下列各方法組成之群之方法形成··沈積薄膜内之分子 自帛疑塗式聚合物内之分子_、喷塗之分子_及提前製 備之再生分子筛。 10·如請求項1之顯示器裝置,豆Φ枯 衣直具中該裱境控制材料包括一嵌 入該MEMS裝置之環境控制材料。 11 ·如請求項1之顯示器裴置,盆中 衣i具f該%境控制材料包括一嵌 入該封裝之一組件中之環境控制材料。 12·如請求項1之顯示器裝置直 衣罝其中该MEMS裝置之該操作包 括該可移動表面之移動。 13·如請求項1之顯示器裴置 1 衣罝具中該MEMS裝置之該操作包 括該可移動表面與該另一表面之間之接觸。 14 ·如睛求項1之顯示器裝,豆 直,、中選擇該裱境控制材料以便 影響該MEMS裝置之一致動電壓。 15. 如請求項1之顯示器裝盆 ,、T選擇该J辰境控制材料以便 影響該MEMS裝置之一釋放電壓。 16. 如請求項1之顯示器裝直 戒置其中選擇該環境控制材料以便 影響在該封裝内氣體之一分壓。 1 7 ·如睛求項1之顯示器裝,直 置,、中k擇该環境控制材料以便 影響該MEMS裝置之一反應時間。 18.如請求机顯示器裝置’其中選擇該環 影響該MEMS裝置之一壽命。 以如請求W之顯示器裝置,”選擇該環境控制材料 影響該MEMS裝置之一腐蝕速率。 2〇·如請求項1之顯示器裝置,盆, 戒置/、中该MEMS裝置包括一干涉 1〇1345-961203.doc Ί 1296264 調節器。 21· —種封裝一顯示器裝置之方法,包括·· 於一基板上形成至少一微機電系統(MEMS)裝置,該 MEMS裝置包括一配置用以接觸另一表面的可移動表面^ 把該MEMS裝置與該基板封入一封裝中;及 ’ 於該封裝内包含一環境控制材料,其中選擇該環境控 制材料之一數量係基於該材料對該MEMS裝置之一操作 之效應。 22_如凊求項21之方法,其中形成至少一mems裝置包括形成 一干涉調節器。 23·如請求項21之方法,其中把該MEMS裝置與該基板封入一 封裝中包括把該MEMS裝置與該基板封入一裝置封裝 中,且其中包含該環境控制材料包括在該裝置封裝内包 含該環境控制材料。 24·如請求項21之方法,其中把該mems裝置與該基板封入一 封裝中包括把該MEMS裝置與該基板封入一模組封裝 中且其中包含該環境控制材料包括在該模組封裝内包 含該環境控制材料。 如明求項21之方法,其中在該基板上形成至少一 裝置包括自薄膜形成該MEMS裝置,且其中包含該環境控 制材料包括包含嵌入該等薄膜之一之該環境控制材料。 26·如明求項21之方法,其中包含該環境控制材料包括把該 環境控制材料嵌入該基板中。 27·如請求項21之方法,其中把該MEMS裝置與該基板封入一 101345-961203.doc 1296264 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 封裝中包括以接合材料接合該基板與一後板。 月求員21之方去,其中包含該環境控制材料包括在該 封裝内加入一粉末。 如明求項21之方法,其中包含該環境控制材料包括把該 環境控制材料塑造成各種形狀,且於該封裝内施用該等 形狀。 如明求項21之方法,其中包含該環境控制材料包括以一 噴塗形式施用該環境控制材料。 如明求項21之方法,其中包含該環境控制材料包括以一 /文/貝塗層形式施用該環境控制材料。 如印求項21之方法,其中包含該環境控制材料包括以一 絲網印刷施用該環境控制材料。 如印求項21之方法,其中包含該環境控制材料包括以一 液體形式分配該環境控制材料。 101345-961203.doc
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US20050247477A1 (en) 2005-11-10
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