1295944 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種拉刀機構，特別是拉栓形式之刀把拉刀 機構，該機構可被運用於工具機主軸之換刀系統，或夾持取放 裝置。 【先前技術】 二拉刀機構係被組配在一工具機心軸的軸向。該拉刀機構 主要藉配置在一拉桿軸向之一彈簧的形變量來產生夾持刀把 的拉刀力，並配合一夾爪的收攏作用以夾持刀把。 傳統，刀機構僅直接以彈簧或彈片提供拉刀力，所以當心 軸轉速愈高，所需拉刀力愈大時，傳統拉刀機構將面對心轴内 部空間受限，彈簧組件壽命減短及動態特性不佳等問題。 土已知一種改良拉刀機構，係把一倍力機構加載在心軸後方 、(遠離刀把的一端）。雖然此種方式提高拉刀力且不會佔用到 心軸的内部空間，但卻影響到心軸後方空間的使用。 又另一已知的改良拉刀機構，是在傳統拉刀機構 ，刀把的-端)再配置-彈簧組，藉拉刀機構直接機加^彈方簽^ 解巧拉刀力不足的問題，也同時解決心軸内部空間不足無法加 的問題。然而’加載—彈簧後會使心軸長度增加，、於高 1轉動時，心軸會顯現出動態特性不佳，甚至劣化的情形。此 i空加載—料會與倍力麟姉，辨到心軸後 、根據以上所述，拉刀機構可藉增加一倍力機構或一箬炎 =拉刀力以解決拉刀力不足。惟上述各方式存在影響心車由後 方工間的使用性，以及動態特性不佳等缺點。 請參閲第1A圖及第1B圖，圖中顯示—拉刀機構 一 =軸12内壁面形成一階段構造14。一夾爪16受一拉 動而與該心軸12相對運動，則該夾爪16之夾合端= 階段構造14的不同位置’使得該夾合端17可以夾持或=開二 5 1295944 刀把19。 連續的、平順的位移。據」^階段構造14表面無法 力具段位狀態而非連續ί化之;^二^4所提供的夾合作用 難對該刀㈣提·;果力，在雄12高速轉動下 【發明内容】 構力倍力機 :載=r:r 方 點载之彈衫置*裝於心軸内部蝴，藉萌決先前技術之缺 續性拉刀機構未能使夾爪的夾合端產生連 丛ίϊ心抽面速轉動時’夹爪難對刀把提供穩固的 解料連姐紐制力，藉以 件包i=供 帽、一圓筒束套及一夾爪。 /…、 ，該心軸具有一腔室，該第一拉力組件、該第二拉力組件、 ，緊螺帽、該圓筒束套及該夾爪結合且組裝在該腔室内。其中 —拉力組件及該第二拉力組件用以提供拉刀作用力，二及 該第一拉力組件可拉動該圓筒束套；該圓筒束套能相對該夾爪 位移且利用5亥圓筒束套與该夾爪之幾何形狀的互相搭配，得 使該夹爪可以收攏且產生連續性的夾合作用力。 以下依本發明所揭示之目的、功效及結構組態，舉較佳實 施例並配合圖式詳細說明。“ 、 【實施方式】 請參閱第2圖，圖中揭示一拉刀機構包括一心軸2〇、一 6 1295944 筒束套一7f。二拉力組件40、一鎖緊螺帽50、一圓 容置。該腔ί 20軸向形成—腔室22供其他組件 請參閱第2圖及第具推 =大構私造之一刀把容置孔24。 拉桿32及二彈笪34 * gf，该第一拉力組件3〇包括一第一 組設在該拉桿32、抽广6。其中-彈簧34與另-彈簧36皆 兮坌如轴向。一隔環38用以分隔二彈箬34釦祁。 3〇組裝於心軸20之腔A内 及一彈簧46。括一轉接件42、複數第二拉桿44 桿44穿置於彈皇4fi 桿44與轉接件犯結合，且複數拉 39 J H t。轉接件42與第一拉桿32的-端部 態。第一拉H 第二拉力組㈣成結合狀 22内，且第-拉力細杜、f—拉力組件4〇的組合安裝在腔室 該鎖較接近刀把容置孔24。 部52成形於1柱體^沾鎖接部52及複數穿孔54。該鎖接 一其^6的端部；複數穿孔54係貫穿地開嗲於 5二=56凸出於該基板58表面 供一支第二拉桿44Hf第二拉桿44，且每一穿孔54皆 件4〇。此外，由第使=緊螺帽50組配在第二拉力組 合，所以複數第二拉桿鎖緊螺㈣不固接結 圓筒束套6〇係軸向^目對， 使該導引部64具錐度开弓^ 64内徑具連續性變化， 内與複數第二拉桿44 _部、纟^® __組設在腔室22 72 夾爪70係組配在_束套H成具有錐度之推拔構造。 回诗束套60内，與鎖緊螺帽50的鎖接端52 7 1295944 結合。 46的=閱第且r:緊螺帽設之一 設有一調整隔, 囷在夾爪70與鎖緊螺帽50間更 產LSi 猎由不同厚度的調整隔㈣可使夾爪70 產生不同的拉刀行程D1和D2及拉刀力。 灭爪7〇 入上戶ί述為本發明之—較佳實施例各組件及轉間的组 心本發明的使用狀態及其功 〜 F 第7囷，當第-拉桿32的末端受打刀力 刀把容置孔24方、第—拉力組件4G及81筒束套60朝 爪置對應夾 土收 ^ ^ 人爪ίυ至氣、開的狀態，有助於佶用 34、36和街力組件30及弟二拉力組件4〇之各彈簧 M t閱第8圖及第9圖，刀把90被置於心轴20的刀把容 ^圍。當作用於第—拉桿32末端的作用力消^片則 方6銘i6和46的彈力作用下’第一拉桿32朝遠離刀把卯的 方，移動且拉動第二拉力組件4〇及圓筒束套6〇同時朝 =，的方向位移。又圓筒束套6〇與夾爪7〇產 ，。的各夾片72在導引部64與夾合錢二;=構 這的配合下，產生收合運動以夾合刀把9〇 一端。 又 值得注意的是，由於作用於圓筒束套6〇的作 之各彈簧34和36彈力，及第二拉力組件40 ί 彈力’且又有導引部64與夾合部74之錐度構造相配 a所產生的束合作用，故可使夾爪7〇對刀把9〇產生更牢 夾合力量。 7 8 1295944 由於鎖緊螺帽50與心軸20的鎖固位置為一固定端，所以 刀把90運動產生拉刀力，固定端可抵抗刀把運動所產生的 拉刀力。又拉刀力對夾爪70產生一側向力，而各彈簧34、36 和46所產生的彈力可分解出對應之分力以抵抗拉刀力所產生 之侧向力，因此更進一步證明本發明能牢固且穩定的夾持刀 90 〇 ▲另外改變導引部64的錐角的角度可使夾爪79的夾力產生 變化，據此原理，適當地改變導引部64的錐角角度，即可設 計出所需的彈簧力及鬆/拉刀行程。 口1295944 IX. INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a broach mechanism, particularly a broaching mechanism in the form of a pull bolt, which can be applied to a tool change system of a machine tool spindle, or clamped Pick and place device. [Prior Art] The two broach mechanism is assembled in the axial direction of a machine tool spindle. The broach mechanism mainly generates a broach force for clamping the blade by a shape variable of a spring disposed in the axial direction of the tie rod, and cooperates with a clamping jaw to clamp the blade. Conventionally, the knife mechanism only provides the broach force directly by the spring or the spring piece, so when the spindle speed is higher, the required broach force is larger, the traditional broach mechanism will face the inner space of the mandrel, and the life of the spring assembly is shortened. And problems with poor dynamic characteristics. A modified broach mechanism is known in the art for loading a double force mechanism behind the mandrel (away from the end of the knife handle). Although this method increases the broach force and does not occupy the internal space of the mandrel, it affects the use of the space behind the mandrel. Yet another known improved broach mechanism is a conventional broach mechanism, the end-end of the knife handle is reconfigured-spring group, and the broaching mechanism directly adds the bullet to the armor to solve the problem of insufficient broaching force. At the same time, it also solves the problem that the inner space of the mandrel cannot be added. However, the 'loading-spring will increase the length of the mandrel. When the height is 1 rotation, the mandrel will show poor dynamic characteristics or even deterioration. This i-loading material will be combined with the force of the force, after the mandrel is identified, according to the above, the broaching mechanism can increase the broaching force by adding a double force mechanism or a squeezing force = broach force. However, the above-mentioned various methods have the disadvantages of affecting the use of the car by the rear work room and the poor dynamic characteristics. Referring to Figures 1A and 1B, the figure shows that the broach mechanism - the inner wall surface of the shaft 12 forms a one-stage configuration 14. When a jaw 16 is pulled relative to the mandrel 12, the clamping end of the jaw 16 = the different position of the stage structure 14 is such that the clamping end 17 can be clamped or = 2 5 1295944. . Continuous, smooth displacement. According to the "stage" structure 14, the surface cannot be in a state of a segment rather than a continuous state; the clamping cooperation provided by ^^^4 is difficult to raise the knife (4); fruit force, under the rotation of the male 12 high speed [invention] Force-forced machine: Load = r:r The jersey of the square is placed inside the mandrel, and the broaching mechanism of the prior art fails to make the clamping end of the jaw produce a continuous bundle. ϊ ϊ ϊ ϊ 面 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' The mandrel has a chamber in which the first tension member, the second tension member, the tightening nut, the cylindrical sleeve and the jaw are combined and assembled. Wherein the tension component and the second tension component are configured to provide a broach force, and the first tension component can pull the cylinder sleeve; the cylinder sleeve can be displaced relative to the jaw and utilize a 5 liter cylinder The combination of the collar and the geometry of the jaws allows the jaws to be gathered and create a continuous clamping force. The objects, functions and structural configurations disclosed in the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the preferred embodiments. [Embodiment] Please refer to Fig. 2, which shows that a broach mechanism includes a mandrel 2〇, a 6 1295944 sleeve sleeve 7f, a second tension assembly 40, a lock nut 50, and a circular receiving portion. The cavity ί 20 is axially formed - the chamber 22 is provided for other components. Please refer to Fig. 2 and the pedestal = large structure of the tool holder accommodating hole 24. The pull rod 32 and the second magazine 34 * gf, the first pulling force The assembly 3 includes a first set of the pull rods 32 and the pumping holes 6. The springs 34 and the other springs 36 are, for example, axial. A spacer ring 38 is used to separate the two magazines 34. It is assembled in the cavity A of the mandrel 20 and a spring 46. An adapter member 42 and a plurality of second levers 44 are inserted into the armature 4fi rod 44 to engage with the adapter, and the plurality of pull rods are 39 JH t. The adapter 42 is in the end state of the first pull rod 32. The first pull H second tension group (4) is formed in the joint 22, and the combination of the first pull force and the f-tension assembly 4 is installed in the chamber. The lock is closer to the handle receiving hole 24. The portion 52 is formed on the 1 cylinder body and the plurality of through holes 54. The lock is connected to the end of the ^6; the plurality of through holes 54 are open to the ground 5 = 56 convex A second pull rod 44Hf is provided on the surface of the base plate 58 with a second pull rod 44, and each of the through holes 54 is formed by 4 turns. Further, the second pull rod is assembled by the first make = tightening nut 50, so the plurality of second pull rods The locking screw (4) is not fixedly connected to the cylindrical sleeve 6 轴向 axially, so that the guiding portion 64 has a taper opening 64 64 inner diameter has a continuous change, the inner and the plural second rod 44 _纟^® __ is set in the chamber 22 72 The jaws 70 are assembled in the _ sleeving H into a tapered push-out configuration. In the whispering sleeve 60, the locking end 52 7 of the locking nut 50 1295944 combination. 46 = read the first and r: one of the tightening nut is provided with an adjustment gap, and the LS is more produced between the clamping jaw 70 and the locking nut 50. The spacer is made of different thicknesses. Different broach strokes D1 and D2 and broach force are generated. The claws 7 are plunged into the household. The present invention is a preferred embodiment of the components and the center of the turn. The use state of the present invention and its work ~ F In the seventh step, when the end of the first pull rod 32 is subjected to the cutter force, the accommodating hole 24, the first tension member 4G and the 81 sleeve sleeve 60 are placed toward the claws, and the claws are clamped to the air. status, The springs M of the 34, 36 and the street force assembly 30 and the second tension member 4 are used. Referring to Figures 8 and 9, the handle 90 is placed on the handle of the mandrel 20. The force of the end of the first pull rod 32 is eliminated by the elastic force of the square 6 Ming i6 and 46. The first pull rod 32 moves away from the side of the knife handle, and pulls the second tension member 4〇 and the sleeve 6〇. At the same time, it is displaced in the direction of =, and the clips 6 and the jaws 7 are produced, and the clips 72 are combined with the clamping portion 64 and the clamping mechanism; Hold the 9-inch end with a clamping knife. It is also worth noting that the elastic forces of the springs 34 and 36 acting on the cylindrical sleeve 6〇 and the elastic force of the second tension member 40 ί and the guiding portion 64 match the taper configuration of the clamping portion 74 The resulting beam cooperation, so that the jaws 7 〇 can produce a stronger clamping force on the knife 9 〇. 7 8 1295944 Since the locking position of the locking nut 50 and the mandrel 20 is a fixed end, the movement of the knife 90 generates a broach force, and the fixed end can resist the broach force generated by the movement of the blade. The broach force exerts a lateral force on the jaws 70, and the elastic force generated by the springs 34, 36, and 46 can decompose the corresponding component forces to resist the lateral force generated by the broach force, thus further proving this The invention can firmly and stably hold the cutter 90 〇 ▲ additionally change the angle of the taper angle of the guide portion 64 to change the clamping force of the jaw 79, and according to this principle, appropriately change the taper angle of the guide portion 64, The required spring force and loose/zip stroke can be designed. mouth
又，本實施例中，第一拉力組件30及第二拉力組件4〇皆 被裝配在心轴20内不增加整個拉刀機構的長度，所以對動離 特性而言可以保持不受影響，同時也不妨礙心軸2〇 g 的使用。 以上乃本發明之較佳實施例以及設計圖式，惟較佳實施例 j及設計圖式僅是舉例說明，並非用於限制本發明技藝之權利 範圍丄凡以均等之技藝手段、或為下述「申請專利範内容 所涵f之，利範圍而實施者，均不脫離本發明之範疇而為申請 人之權利範圍。 、 【圖式簡單說明】 第1A圖係先前拉刀機構示意圖一。 第1B圖係先前拉刀機構示意圖二。 第2圖係本發明分解圖。 第3圖係本發明組合示意圖。 ，4圖係本發明第二拉力組件另一實施例分解圖。 ，5A圖係本發明局部結構示意圖一。 ，5B圖係本發明局部結構示意圖二。 第6圖係本發明刀把置入/脫離示意圖。 第7圖係本發明第6圖中X部位之示意圖。 9 1295944 第8圖係本發明夾合刀把之示意圖。 第9圖係本發明第8圖中Y部位之示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10拉刀機構 12心轴 14階段構造 16夾爪 19刀把 17夾合端 18拉桿 20心轴 22腔室 24刀把容置孔 30第一拉力組件 32第一拉桿 34彈簧 36彈簧 38隔環 39端部 40第二拉力組件 46彈簧 42轉接件 44第二拉桿 50鎖緊螺帽 52鎖接部 54穿孔 56柱體 58基板 60圓筒束套 62容置室 64導引部 70夾爪 72夾片 74夾端 80調整隔環 90刀把Moreover, in this embodiment, the first tension component 30 and the second tension component 4 are all assembled in the mandrel 20 without increasing the length of the entire broach mechanism, so that the dynamic separation characteristics can be kept unaffected, and Does not interfere with the use of the mandrel 2〇g. The above is a preferred embodiment and a design of the present invention, but the preferred embodiment j and the design drawings are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of the patent application is not limited to the scope of the invention and is the scope of the applicant's rights. [Simplified description of the drawings] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the previous broach mechanism. Figure 1B is a schematic view of the prior broach mechanism. Figure 2 is an exploded view of the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic view of the combination of the present invention. Figure 4 is an exploded view of another embodiment of the second tension member of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a partial view of a partial structure of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the insertion/detachment of the handle of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the X portion of Fig. 6 of the present invention. 9 1295944 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a Y portion of Fig. 8 of the present invention. [Description of main components] 10 broach mechanism 12 spindle 14 stage structure 16 jaw 19 knife 17 clamping end 18 Rod 20 spindle 22 chamber 24 knife receiving hole 30 first tension assembly 32 first pull rod 34 spring 36 spring 38 spacer ring 39 end 40 second tension assembly 46 spring 42 adapter 44 second pull rod 50 locking screw Cap 52 lock portion 54 perforation 56 cylinder 58 substrate 60 cylinder sleeve 62 accommodation chamber 64 guide portion 70 jaw 72 clip 74 clip end 80 adjustment spacer 90 knife handle