CN111571269A - Main shaft broach mechanism - Google Patents
Main shaft broach mechanism Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111571269A CN111571269A CN202010254468.9A CN202010254468A CN111571269A CN 111571269 A CN111571269 A CN 111571269A CN 202010254468 A CN202010254468 A CN 202010254468A CN 111571269 A CN111571269 A CN 111571269A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- spring
- spring unit
- pull rod
- broach mechanism
- unit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/12—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for securing to a spindle in general
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Milling, Broaching, Filing, Reaming, And Others (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a spindle broach mechanism, which comprises a spindle core and a pull rod assembly, wherein the pull rod assembly is positioned in the spindle core and is used for being connected with a tool shank; the pull rod assembly comprises a pull rod and a spring main body, the spring main body is sleeved on the pull rod, and the lower end of the pull rod is connected with the cutter handle; the spring body comprises a first spring unit and a second spring unit, and the rotating directions of the first spring unit and the second spring unit are opposite. The invention can reduce the rotation of the broach mechanism in the process of tool changing, is beneficial to improving the accurate orientation and the service life of the main shaft, meets the characteristics of quick and high-frequency tool changing of the main shaft of the machining center, and improves the comprehensive use performance of the main shaft of the machining center.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to lathe spindle equipment, in particular to a spindle broach mechanism.
Background
A numerical control machining center machine tool is formed by matching and integrating mechanical equipment and a numerical control system, is mainly used for machining in the industrial manufacturing industry, and is generally applied to machining of parts in the fields of aerospace, ships, automobiles, molds, communication and the like.
At present, a mechanical main shaft broach mechanism of a machining center mainly has a structure of a disc spring set and a one-way spiral spring set. The disc spring set structure has the advantages that the force change in the tool changing process is stable, no additional torsion force exists, the rotation quantity of the tool changing mechanism is small, the service life is short, the disc is easy to damage and lose efficacy, the reciprocating compression broach is generally less than 50 ten thousand times, and the long-term stable machining requirement of the existing machine tool on the main shaft cannot be met. The conventional one-way double-winding spring set has stable broach force, the service life of the conventional one-way double-winding spring set can reach more than 300 ten thousand times, but due to the action of spiral torque force, a broach mechanism has a rotation phenomenon in the tool changing process, so that the technical problems of tool changing induction system equipment alarm, main shaft positioning deviation, tool changing abnormity and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the main shaft broach mechanism, reduce the rotation of the broach mechanism in the tool changing process, facilitate the improvement of the accurate orientation and the service life of the main shaft, meet the characteristics of quick and high-frequency tool changing of the main shaft of a machining center and improve the comprehensive use performance of the main shaft of the machining center.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the main shaft broach mechanism comprises a shaft core and a pull rod assembly, the pull rod assembly is positioned in the shaft core, and the pull rod assembly is used for being connected with the tool shank; the pull rod assembly comprises a pull rod and a spring main body, the spring main body is sleeved on the pull rod, and the lower end of the pull rod is connected with the cutter handle; the spring body comprises a first spring unit and a second spring unit, and the rotating directions of the first spring unit and the second spring unit are opposite.
Further, the first spring unit and the second spring unit are arranged along the axial direction of the pull rod.
Further, the first spring unit and the second spring unit are arranged in a vertically spaced manner along the axial direction of the pull rod.
Furthermore, the pull rod assembly further comprises a spacer bush, the spacer bush is sleeved on the pull rod, and the first spring unit and the second spring unit are separated by the spacer bush, so that the first spring unit and the second spring unit are respectively located on the upper side and the lower side of the spacer bush.
Furthermore, the pull rod assembly further comprises a spring fastening seat, the spring fastening seat is fixed at the upper end of the pull rod and is located above the spacer bush, and the first spring unit is located between the spring fastening seat and the spacer bush.
Furthermore, the pull rod assembly further comprises a cushion block, the cushion block is in clearance fit with the pull rod, and the cushion block is located below the spacer bush, so that the second spring unit is located between the cushion block and the spacer bush.
Furthermore, the first spring unit is a right-handed spring set, and the second spring unit is a left-handed spring set;
or, the first spring unit is a left-handed spring set, and the second spring unit is a right-handed spring set.
Further, the spring main body further comprises buffer layers which are uniformly distributed on the first spring unit and the second spring unit respectively.
Furthermore, the buffer layers are uniformly and densely distributed on the surfaces of the first spring unit and the second spring unit respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the spindle broach mechanism comprises a spindle core and a pull rod assembly, wherein the pull rod assembly comprises a pull rod and a spring main body, the spring main body comprises a first spring unit and a second spring unit, the rotating directions of the first spring unit and the second spring unit are opposite, the arrangement can optimize the structure of the spring main body, and the first spring unit and the second spring unit generate spiral torsion forces with opposite directions in the compression change process and offset each other, so that the rotation variation of the broach mechanism in the tool changing process can be reduced, the characteristics of high speed of a spindle of a machining center, high tool changing frequency and the like are met, and the comprehensive use performance of the spindle of the machining center is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a shaft core; 2. a spring fastening seat; 3. a pull rod; 4. a first spring unit; 5. a spacer sleeve; 6. a second spring unit; 7. cushion blocks; 8. a knife handle.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, or through both elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The spindle broach mechanism shown in fig. 1 comprises a spindle core 1 and a pull rod assembly, wherein the pull rod assembly is located in the spindle core 1 and is used for being connected with a tool shank 8; the pull rod assembly comprises a pull rod 3 and a spring main body, the spring main body is sleeved on the pull rod 3, and the lower end of the pull rod 3 is used for being connected with the knife handle 8; the spring body comprises a first spring unit 4 and a second spring unit 6, and the rotation directions of the first spring unit 4 and the second spring unit 6 are opposite.
As a preferred embodiment, a bidirectional spring inner hole is arranged on the pull rod 3 and is matched with the first spring unit 4 and the second spring unit 6 for guiding, the tool changing process moves up and down, and the functions of loosening and broaching the main shaft are realized.
On the basis of the structure, the spindle broach mechanism comprises a spindle core 1 and a pull rod assembly, wherein the pull rod assembly comprises a pull rod 3 and a spring main body, the spring main body comprises a first spring unit 4 and a second spring unit 6, the rotating directions of the first spring unit 4 and the second spring unit 6 are opposite, and the arrangement can optimize the structure of the spring main body.
Specifically, the first spring unit 4 and the second spring unit 6 are arranged along the axis direction of the pull rod 3, so that the structure of the spring main body is better optimized, and the rotation variation of the broach mechanism in the tool changing process is reduced.
As a preferred embodiment in this embodiment, the first spring unit 4 and the second spring unit 6 are arranged in a vertically spaced manner along the axial direction of the pull rod 3, which is favorable for forming a preferred spring body structure.
The better implementation mode is that the pull rod assembly further comprises a spacer 5, the spacer 5 is sleeved on the pull rod 3, the spacer 5 separates the first spring unit 4 and the second spring unit 6, so that the first spring unit 4 and the second spring unit 6 are respectively located at the upper side and the lower side of the spacer 5, and thus the first spring unit 4 and the second spring unit 6 can form a structure which is vertically separated into two independent sections.
It should be noted that the pull rod assembly further includes a spring fastening seat 2, the spring fastening seat 2 is fixed at the upper end of the pull rod 3, and the spring fastening seat 2 is located above the spacer 5, so that the first spring unit 4 is located between the spring fastening seat 2 and the spacer 5, so that two ends of the first spring unit 4 are respectively fixedly connected with the spring fastening seat 2 and the spacer 5, and the spring fastening seat 2 is used for pre-pressing and fastening the spring main body.
It is worth mentioning that the pull rod assembly further comprises a cushion block 7, the cushion block 7 is in clearance fit with the pull rod 3, the cushion block 7 is located below the spacer 5, and the second spring unit 6 is located between the cushion block 7 and the spacer 5, so that two ends of the second spring unit 6 are fixedly connected with the cushion block 7 and the spacer 5 respectively, and the limiting and fixing of the second spring unit 6 are facilitated.
It is emphasized that the first spring unit 4 is a right-handed spring set, and the second spring unit 6 is a left-handed spring set; or, the first spring unit 4 is a left-handed spring set, and the second spring unit 6 is a right-handed spring set. Therefore, the spring main body in the embodiment is of a left-right-handed bidirectional segmented spring group structure, and when the machine tool works, due to the fact that the turning directions are opposite, the directions of spiral torsion generated in the compression deformation process of two independent spring units are opposite and offset with each other, so that the whole broaching mechanism is reduced or tends to be zero under the action of the spring torsion, the problem of rotation of the broaching mechanism in the tool unloading process is effectively solved, and the abnormal problems of overload alarm of a servo motor, poor signal induction, directional deviation of a main shaft, falling of a cutter handle 8 and the like caused by the large rotation change of the main shaft broaching mechanism in the tool changing process of a machine.
As a preferred embodiment, the spring main body may further include a buffer layer, the buffer layer is respectively and evenly distributed on the first spring unit 4 and the second spring unit 6, preferably, the buffer layer is a fluff layer, the friction force is small, the spring main body can be effectively prevented from vibrating and making abnormal sound due to compression collision, the spring main body and the pull rod 3 are installed in the shaft core 1, and the fluff layer helps to prevent the inside of the shaft core 1 from vibrating, so that the purposes of noise reduction can be achieved.
Specifically, the buffer layer is evenly densely covered on the surface of first spring unit 4 and second spring unit 6 respectively, like this, can avoid the spring main part to send the abnormal sound because of compression collision leads to the vibration better to can realize the amortization better and fall the noise.
The main shaft is used as a core functional component of a processing machine tool and consists of a plurality of functional components, and the broach mechanism is comprehensively embodied by the overall performance of the main shaft. Therefore, the working process of the main shaft broach mechanism is as follows: when the machine tool spindle works, the pull rod 3 moves downwards for a certain designed stroke under the action of the cutter unloading force of the external mechanism, and the spring main body is compressed in the process, so that the cutter handle 8 moves downwards to clamp a cutter to complete cutter changing. The broach process, external mechanism effort is blocked, and original unloading sword process spring body compression deformation produces under the effort for pull rod 3 can reset fast, and when the output broach, spring body has certain compression deformation, produces the deformability, and taut cutter, finally realizes the cutter change of main shaft course of working.
In summary, a numerical control machining center machine tool is used as a main device in the field of machine tools, and with the continuous development of technology in recent years, the machining can be applied to various complex machining processes such as turning, milling, drilling, tapping, boring and the like. The workpiece can be clamped once to complete a plurality of procedures, so that the machining precision and efficiency of parts can be effectively improved, and the machining center spindle has the technical requirements of long-time working, high tool changing frequency, stable tool changing performance, long service life and the like. The existing machining center main shaft needs to meet the requirement that the repeated tool changing times reach 100 ten thousand times in a guarantee period, through structural optimization design, a spring main body is set to be of a left-right rotating bidirectional spring set structure, the change function of a tool changing process broach mechanism is reduced, the performance of orientation accuracy, high speed, high efficiency and long service life of the main shaft tool changing process is improved, and the repeated tool changing times can reach over 300 ten thousand times.
In addition, the structural design technical characteristics are that in the tool changing process of the spindle, because the disc spring assembly or the spring assembly in the prior art deforms to generate force and simultaneously generate torsion, the spindle broaching mechanism rotates, the torsion is transmitted to a machine tool servo motor, and the motor exceeds a bearable range under the action of external extra torsion, so that the overload of a system load can be caused to alarm and stop the machine tool. In order to avoid the technical problem, the main shaft broach mechanism optimizes the spring main body on the structural design, sets the spring main body into a left-handed and right-handed bidirectional spring set structure, reduces the rotation variation of the broach mechanism in the main shaft tool changing process on the premise of meeting broach force output and prolonging the service life, meets the characteristics of high speed and tool changing frequency of a main shaft of a machining center, and improves the comprehensive service performance of the main shaft of the machining center.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. Main shaft broach mechanism, its characterized in that: the tool comprises a shaft core and a pull rod assembly, wherein the pull rod assembly is positioned in the shaft core and is used for being connected with a tool handle; the pull rod assembly comprises a pull rod and a spring main body, the spring main body is sleeved on the pull rod, and the lower end of the pull rod is connected with the cutter handle; the spring body comprises a first spring unit and a second spring unit, and the rotating directions of the first spring unit and the second spring unit are opposite.
2. The spindle broach mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: the first spring unit and the second spring unit are arranged along the axial direction of the pull rod.
3. The spindle broach mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: the first spring unit and the second spring unit are arranged in a vertically spaced manner along the axial direction of the pull rod.
4. The spindle broach mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: the pull rod assembly further comprises a spacer bush, the spacer bush is sleeved on the pull rod, and the first spring unit and the second spring unit are separated by the spacer bush, so that the first spring unit and the second spring unit are respectively located on the upper side and the lower side of the spacer bush.
5. The spindle broach mechanism according to claim 4, wherein: the pull rod assembly further comprises a spring fastening seat, the spring fastening seat is fixed at the upper end of the pull rod and is located above the spacer bush, and the first spring unit is located between the spring fastening seat and the spacer bush.
6. The spindle broach mechanism according to claim 5, wherein: the pull rod assembly further comprises a cushion block, the cushion block is in clearance fit with the pull rod, and the cushion block is located below the spacer bush, so that the second spring unit is located between the cushion block and the spacer bush.
7. The spindle broach mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the first spring unit is a right-handed spring set, and the second spring unit is a left-handed spring set;
or, the first spring unit is a left-handed spring set, and the second spring unit is a right-handed spring set.
8. The spindle broach mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the spring main body further comprises buffer layers which are respectively and uniformly distributed on the first spring unit and the second spring unit.
9. The spindle broach mechanism according to claim 8, wherein: the buffer layers are respectively and uniformly densely distributed on the surfaces of the first spring unit and the second spring unit.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010254468.9A CN111571269A (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Main shaft broach mechanism |
| PCT/CN2020/141764 WO2021196794A1 (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-12-30 | Spindle broach mechanism |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010254468.9A CN111571269A (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Main shaft broach mechanism |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111571269A true CN111571269A (en) | 2020-08-25 |
Family
ID=72117101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010254468.9A Pending CN111571269A (en) | 2020-04-02 | 2020-04-02 | Main shaft broach mechanism |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111571269A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021196794A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021196794A1 (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-10-07 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | Spindle broach mechanism |
| CN118123113A (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-06-04 | 安徽台信科技有限公司 | Oil cylinder broach structure for spindle |
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- 2020-04-02 CN CN202010254468.9A patent/CN111571269A/en active Pending
- 2020-12-30 WO PCT/CN2020/141764 patent/WO2021196794A1/en active Application Filing
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| TWI295944B (en) * | 2006-04-26 | 2008-04-21 | Prec Machinery Res & Dev Ct | Champing mechanism for the tool shank with the pull stud |
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| CN118123113A (en) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-06-04 | 安徽台信科技有限公司 | Oil cylinder broach structure for spindle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021196794A1 (en) | 2021-10-07 |
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Application publication date: 20200825 |
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