CN118123113A - Oil cylinder broach structure for spindle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil cylinder broach structure for a main shaft, which comprises a main shaft sleeve, wherein an oil cylinder seat is arranged on the main shaft sleeve, a rotary joint is arranged on the oil cylinder seat, a butt joint groove is formed in the rotary joint, a connecting rod inserted into the butt joint groove is arranged on the rotary joint, a guide ring plate is arranged at the other end of the connecting rod, a broach rod is connected to the end part of the connecting rod, and a cutter clamping mechanism is connected to the other end of the broach rod. The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, has reasonable design and compact structure, is used for completing the confirmation of the butt joint state between the cutter clamping mechanism and the cutter through the monitoring of different positions of the piston and the cutter pulling rod, and has higher social use value and application prospect.

Description

A kind of oil cylinder broach structure for spindle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric spindles, and in particular to an oil cylinder broach structure for a spindle.

Background technique

The spindle tool pulling mechanism is a clamping device used on the spindle of a machine tool to complete the clamping and installation of the tool, facilitate the replacement of the tool, and improve the stability of the tool during operation. Through the cooperation between the pull rod and the disc spring, and the elastic deformation of the disc spring, the claws are provided with a clamping force for grasping the tool.

However, during the use of the existing electric spindle broaching structure, it will be affected by the number of tools used and the long-term frequent tool changing working conditions, resulting in insufficient compressed air pressure and the cylinder being unable to push down and stuck, which will inevitably lead to smooth loading and unloading of the tool.

In addition, during the process of installing and removing the tool, the control sensing signal is easily lost, which affects the working efficiency of the spindle broaching operation to a certain extent.

During the installation of the existing disc spring, it is necessary to consider the positive and negative positions of the disc spring. If the disc spring is installed in reverse, it is easy to cause damage to the disc spring during use.

To this end, the inventors have designed and developed a spindle oil cylinder broaching structure to effectively monitor the installation and removal of the tool, thereby optimizing the smoothness of tool replacement.

Summary of the invention

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A cylinder broach structure for a spindle comprises a spindle sleeve, the spindle sleeve is provided with a cylinder seat, the cylinder seat is provided with a rotary joint, a docking groove is provided in the rotary joint, a connecting rod is provided on the rotary joint to be inserted into the docking groove, a guide ring plate is provided at the other end of the connecting rod, a broaching rod is connected to the end of the connecting rod, and a tool clamping mechanism is connected to the other end of the broaching rod.

Preferably, an oil chamber is opened at the upper part of the inner cavity of the oil cylinder seat, a piston whose end is in contact with the guide ring plate is arranged in the oil chamber, and a.

Preferably, a mounting groove is provided on the outer side of the oil cylinder seat, a through hole is provided in the mounting groove, a bracket is provided on the mounting groove, a proximity sensor which is fitted with the through hole is provided on the bracket, and an end of the proximity sensor extends inward.

Preferably, a main oil pipe and a secondary oil pipe communicating with the interior of the oil chamber are provided on the oil cylinder seat, and a power cable and a connector are provided on the main shaft sleeve.

Preferably, a positioning ring and a snap ring are provided on the broaching rod, and a broaching spring assembly located between the positioning ring and the snap ring is movably mounted on the broaching rod.

Preferably, the broach spring assembly comprises a forward double helical spring connected to a positioning ring, a spring spacer ring is provided at the other end of the forward double helical spring, a reverse double helical spring is provided on the other side of the spring spacer ring, and an end spacer ring is provided at the other end of the reverse double helical spring.

Preferably, the end of the tool pulling rod is movably sleeved with a guide block, the tool clamping mechanism includes a fixed block threadedly sleeved with the tool pulling rod, the end of the tool pulling rod is fixedly sleeved with a positioning cylinder, the fixed block is movably sleeved with a spacer, a spring seat is provided in the spacer, and a return spring connected to the fixed block is provided on the spring seat.

Preferably, the spacer is further provided with a flap claw located outside the alignment tube, the flap claw is provided with a knife buckling groove, and the end of the alignment tube is provided with an alignment groove.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. By setting the broach spring assembly and utilizing the opposite matching of the spiral directions of the forward double helical spring and the reverse double helical spring, the forward double helical spring and the reverse double helical spring have a toughness superior to that of ordinary disc springs, thereby improving the overall stability of the structure.

2. Through the setting of proximity sensors, the position of the piston and the broaching rod can be monitored to identify the "cylinder return", "unclamped", "empty clamping" and "no tool clamping" states, so as to better monitor the state of the tool and the position of the piston and the broaching rod.

3. By installing the proximity sensor and bracket at the tail end of the cylinder in a space-saving manner, the impact on external machinery is minimized. The external setting of the bracket can avoid disassembly of the entire equipment during installation and debugging, saving equipment installation and debugging time.

In summary, the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art, has a reasonable design and a compact structure, and is used to confirm the docking status between the tool clamping mechanism and the tool by monitoring the different positions of the piston and the tool rod, and has a high social use value and application prospect.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural side view of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the local structure at A-A in Fig. 3;

FIG5 is an enlarged view of the local structure at B-B in FIG3;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the broaching rod in the present invention;

FIG7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the oil cylinder seat in the present invention;

FIG8 is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure of the main shaft sleeve and the cylinder seat in the present invention;

FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a broach spring assembly in the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the knife clamping mechanism of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. spindle sleeve; 2. cylinder seat; 21. rotary joint; 211. docking slot; 201. oil chamber; 2011. main oil pipe; 2012. secondary oil pipe; 202. mounting slot; 2021. perforation; 3. piston; 4. bracket; 41. proximity sensor; 5. broaching rod; 501. connecting rod; 5011. guide ring plate; 51. positioning ring; 52. retaining ring; 6. broaching spring assembly; 601. positive double helical spring; 602. spring spacer; 603. reverse double helical spring; 604. end spacer; 7. guide block; 8. knife clamping mechanism; 801. alignment cylinder; 8011. alignment slot; 802. fixing block; 803. spacer; 804. reset spring; 805. spring seat; 806. flap claw; 8061. knife buckle slot; 100. power cable; 200. connector.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to Figures 1-10, a cylinder broach structure for a spindle includes a spindle sleeve 1, a cylinder seat 2 is provided on the spindle sleeve 1, the cylinder seat 2 and the piston 3 are carburized to HRC58-62 degrees, and the carburized layer is 0.8mm, which is more conducive to extending the service life of the seal, a rotary joint 21 is provided on the cylinder seat 2, a docking groove 211 is provided in the rotary joint 21, a connecting rod 501 is provided on the rotary joint 21 to be inserted into the docking groove 211, a guide ring plate 5011 is provided at the other end of the connecting rod 501, a broaching rod 5 is connected to the end of the connecting rod 501, and a tool clamping mechanism 8 is connected to the other end of the tool clamping mechanism 8, the connecting rod 501 is used to connect with the rotary joint 21, so that the rotation of the rotary joint 21 can drive the connecting rod 501 to rotate, so that the connecting rod 501 drives the broaching rod 5 to rotate, so that the tool clamping mechanism 8 can drive the tool it needs to clamp to rotate.

Specifically, an oil chamber 201 is opened in the upper part of the inner cavity of the cylinder seat 2, and a piston 3 whose end is in contact with the guide ring plate 5011 is opened in the oil chamber 201. An oil chamber 203 is opened in the lower part of the inner cavity of the cylinder seat 2. The opening of the oil chamber 201 is used to allow the piston 3 to be pushed by the hydraulic oil inside the oil chamber 201. The opening of 203 enables the proximity sensor 41 to monitor the positions of the piston 3, the guide ring plate 5011 and the tool pulling rod 5, so as to deal with errors in the installation process between the tool clamping mechanism 8 and the tool.

Specifically, a mounting groove 202 is provided on the outer side of the oil cylinder seat 2, a through hole 2021 is provided in the mounting groove 202, a bracket 4 is provided on the mounting groove 202, a proximity sensor 41 which is fitted with the through hole 2021 is provided on the bracket 4, and the end of the proximity sensor 41 extends into 203. There are four brackets 4, which are distributed on the outer side of the oil cylinder seat 2. The number of proximity sensors 41 is adapted to the number of brackets 4. According to the installation heights of the four brackets 4, the installation heights of the four proximity sensors 41 are different, so that the proximity sensors 41 can be combined with the measurement distance, the position monitoring of the piston 3 and the position of the broaching rod 5 through electronic distance measurement. The system can monitor and detect the exact position of the tool puller rod 5, thereby detecting the current position of the tool clamping mechanism 8, and output the position as one of the analog current, voltage signal and digital signal. The system can identify whether the cylinder has returned to its original position, and the tool clamping mechanism 8 can distinguish the status of the external tool installation as "unclamped", "empty clamped" and "no tool clamped", and send the corresponding digital signal to the externally connected machine tool controller. When the piston 3 reaches the safe terminal position, the position monitoring system of the piston 3 will send a digital signal to the machine tool controller. This signal is used to ensure that the piston 3 is in the "tool clamping state" position.

Specifically, the cylinder seat 2 is provided with a main oil pipe 2011 and a secondary oil pipe 2012 which are connected to the interior of the oil chamber 201, and the spindle sleeve 1 is provided with a power cable 100 and a connector 200. The connection between the main oil pipe 2011 and the secondary oil pipe 2012 is used to introduce and discharge hydraulic oil into the interior of the oil chamber 201, so as to control the position of the piston 3 in the oil chamber 201, so that the piston 3 can have sufficient thrust to push the guide ring plate 5011, so that the tool pulling rod 5 can push the internal components of the tool clamping mechanism 8, so that the internal components of the tool clamping mechanism 8 can complete the clamping operation of the tool.

Specifically, a positioning ring 51 and a retaining ring 52 are provided on the broaching rod 5, and a broaching spring assembly 6 located between the positioning ring 51 and the retaining ring 52 is movably mounted on the broaching rod 5. The positioning ring 51 and the retaining ring 52 cooperate with the shell mounted on the outside of the spindle sleeve 1 to complete the position locking of the broaching spring assembly 6.

Specifically, the broaching knife spring assembly 6 includes a forward double helical spring 601 connected to the positioning ring 51, a spring spacer ring 602 is provided at the other end of the forward double helical spring 601, a reverse double helical spring 603 is provided on the other side of the spring spacer ring 602, and an end spacer ring 604 is provided at the other end of the reverse double helical spring 603. The forward double helical spring 601 and the reverse double helical spring 603 are spirally connected in different directions to replace the traditional disc spring, which has stable and efficient working efficiency and greatly increases the toughness of the forward double helical spring 601 and the reverse double helical spring 603, thereby avoiding the occurrence of improper installation of ordinary disc springs, such as reverse installation, which may cause malfunctions in use. After the thrust of the piston 3 on the broaching knife rod 5 disappears, the elastic deformation of the forward double helical spring 601 and the reverse double helical spring 603 will be restored, so that the internal components of the tool clamping mechanism 8 can complete the clamping and installation operation of the tool.

Specifically, the end of the broaching rod 5 is movably sleeved with a guide block 7, the clamping mechanism 8 includes a fixed block 802 threadedly sleeved with the broaching rod 5, the end of the broaching rod 5 is fixedly sleeved with a positioning cylinder 801, the fixed block 802 is movably sleeved with a spacer 803, a spring seat 805 is arranged in the spacer 803, and a return spring 804 connected to the fixed block 802 is arranged on the spring seat 805. The push of the broaching rod 5 can drive the positioning cylinder 801 and the fixed block 802 to move, and the return spring 804 will be caused in the process of the fixed block 802 moving. The elastic deformation transmits the thrust to the spacer 803 through the spring seat 805, so that the spacer 803 can drive the flap claw 806 to move together, so that the flap claw 806 is in a retracted state, and then the tool center axis is inserted into the alignment groove 8011. Through the disappearance of the external thrust on the tool pulling rod 5, the tool pulling rod 5 will drive the alignment cylinder 801 and the fixed block 802 to retract, so as to make the alignment cylinder 801, the flap claw 806 and the shell connected to the outside of the spindle sleeve 1 cooperate with each other, so that the tool clamping mechanism 8 can complete the docking operation of the tool.

Specifically, the spacer 803 is also provided with a flap claw 806 located on the outside of the alignment cylinder 801, and a knife-locking groove 8061 is provided on the flap claw 806. An alignment groove 8011 is provided at the end of the alignment cylinder 801. The opening of the alignment groove 8011 plays a positioning role for the tool. The setting of the knife-locking groove 8061 enables it to cooperate with the external shell connected to the main shaft sleeve 1 to complete the clamping and installation operation of the tool.

Working principle: In the present invention, firstly, hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil chamber 201 through the main oil pipe 2011 via an external hydraulic pump. The hydraulic oil input is 70-90 bar, which is used to increase the pressure inside the cylinder seat 2, so that the piston 3 moves under the thrust of the hydraulic oil. The end of the piston 3 will push the guide ring plate 5011 to move, and the connecting rod 501 and the broaching rod 5 will move together;

During the movement of the tool pull rod 5, the outer shell connected to the spindle sleeve 1 is cooperated to make the positive double helical spring 601 and the reverse double helical spring 603 produce elastic deformation and compression. At the same time, the tool pull rod 5 can push the tool clamping mechanism 8 to move, so that the flap claw 806 is in a closed state, and then the tool center axis is inserted into the alignment groove 8011, and then the tool will also wrap around the flap claw 806;

After the tool and the tool clamping mechanism 8 are connected, the hydraulic pump controls the discharge and introduction of hydraulic oil from 1011 and 1012 to allow the piston 3 to retract, so that the elastic deformation of the positive double helical spring 601 and the reverse double helical spring 603 is restored, and then the flap claw 806 is changed from a closed state to an open state, so that the flap claw 806 cooperates with the shell connected to the outside of the spindle sleeve 1 to complete the clamping operation on the tool;

During the process of tool removal and installation, the proximity sensor 41 can monitor the position of the piston 3 and the tool pulling rod 5, and cooperate with the detection of the piston 3 itself, so that it can identify the states of "cylinder return", "empty clamping", "unclamped" and "no tool clamping", and transmit the corresponding signal to the external machine tool controller to ensure the normal installation and use of the tool.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

The control method of the present invention is automatic control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by technicians in this field. The provision of power is also common knowledge in this field. The present invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the present invention will no longer explain the control method and circuit connection in detail.

The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A spindle oil cylinder broach structure, comprising a spindle sleeve (1), characterized in that: the spindle sleeve (1) is provided with an oil cylinder seat (2), the oil cylinder seat (2) is provided with a rotary joint (21), a docking groove (211) is provided in the rotary joint (21), a connecting rod (501) inserted into the docking groove (211) is provided on the rotary joint (21), a guide ring plate (5011) is provided at the other end of the connecting rod (501), a broaching rod (5) is connected to the end of the connecting rod (501), and a tool clamping mechanism (8) is connected to the other end of the broaching rod (5). 2. A spindle cylinder broach structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: an oil chamber (201) is opened at the upper part of the inner cavity of the cylinder seat (2), a piston (3) whose end contacts the guide ring plate (5011) is provided in the oil chamber (201), and a (203) is opened at the lower part of the inner cavity of the cylinder seat (2). 3. A spindle cylinder broach structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: a mounting groove (202) is provided on the outer side of the cylinder seat (2), a through hole (2021) is provided in the mounting groove (202), a bracket (4) is provided on the mounting groove (202), a proximity sensor (41) which is mounted on the bracket (4) and is fitted with the through hole (2021), and the end of the proximity sensor (41) extends into (203). 4. A spindle cylinder broach structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: a main oil pipe (2011) and a secondary oil pipe (2012) communicating with the inside of the oil chamber (201) are provided on the cylinder seat (2), and a power cable (100) and a connector (200) are provided on the spindle sleeve (1). 5. A spindle oil cylinder broach structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: a positioning ring (51) and a retaining ring (52) are provided on the broach rod (5), and a broach spring assembly (6) located between the positioning ring (51) and the retaining ring (52) is movably mounted on the broach rod (5). 6. A spindle cylinder broach structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: the broach spring assembly (6) includes a positive double helical spring (601) connected to a positioning ring (51), a spring spacer ring (602) is provided at the other end of the positive double helical spring (601), a negative double helical spring (603) is provided on the other side of the spring spacer ring (602), and an end spacer ring (604) is provided at the other end of the negative double helical spring (603). 7. A spindle cylinder broach structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: a guide block (7) is movably mounted on the end of the broach rod (5), the tool clamping mechanism (8) includes a fixed block (802) threadedly mounted on the broach rod (5), a positioning cylinder (801) is fixedly mounted on the end of the broach rod (5), a spacer (803) is movably mounted on the fixed block (802), a spring seat (805) is arranged inside the spacer (803), and a return spring (804) connected to the fixed block (802) is arranged on the spring seat (805). 8. A spindle hydraulic cylinder broach structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: the spacer (803) is also provided with a flap claw (806) located outside the alignment tube (801), the flap claw (806) is provided with a tool locking groove (8061), and the end of the alignment tube (801) is provided with an alignment groove (8011).