TWI288570B - Cognition models for wireless communication systems and method and apparatus for optimal utilization of a radio channel based on cognition model data - Google Patents

Cognition models for wireless communication systems and method and apparatus for optimal utilization of a radio channel based on cognition model data Download PDF

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TWI288570B
TWI288570B TW092127586A TW92127586A TWI288570B TW I288570 B TWI288570 B TW I288570B TW 092127586 A TW092127586 A TW 092127586A TW 92127586 A TW92127586 A TW 92127586A TW I288570 B TWI288570 B TW I288570B
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wireless
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user
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TW200420148A (en
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Prabhakar R Chitrapu
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Interdigital Tech Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0294—Trajectory determination or predictive filtering, e.g. target tracking or Kalman filtering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/01—Determining conditions which influence positioning, e.g. radio environment, state of motion or energy consumption
    • G01S5/011—Identifying the radio environment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0252—Radio frequency fingerprinting
    • G01S5/02521—Radio frequency fingerprinting using a radio-map
    • G01S5/02524—Creating or updating the radio-map
    • G01S5/02525—Gathering the radio frequency fingerprints
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/04—Protocols specially adapted for terminals or networks with limited capabilities; specially adapted for terminal portability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/51—Discovery or management thereof, e.g. service location protocol [SLP] or web services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/52—Network services specially adapted for the location of the user terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/18—Network planning tools
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/14—Determining absolute distances from a plurality of spaced points of known location
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/26—Resource reservation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/20—Selecting an access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Telephonic Communication Services (AREA)

Description

1288570 ⑴ 玖、發明說明： 技術領域 * 本發明係關於無線通訊。特定言之，本發明係關於認知 無線和在無線通訊中使用多種認知無線模擬器以及根據 來自認知模擬器的資訊最佳化使用無線頻道之方法與裝 認知無線包括三層：認知模型、用於傳達認知模型描述 符號的語言以及用於分析認知描述符號及做出決策的處 理器。本發明包括三種認知模型。 發明内容 以下是本發明提出的三種認知模型： 1)無線環境模型， 2 )活動模型，及 3)應用/使用者内容模型。 無線環境模型代表實體的特性，活動模型預測使用者終 端機的未來位置，而應用模型則代表這些應用程序自身内 及多種應用程序之間個別的目前狀態和動態。 實施方式 本發明提出三種認知模型： 1)無線環境模型， 2 )活動模型，以及 3)應用/使用者内容模型。 無線環境模型代表無線環境的實體特性，例如映射損 1288570 (-3) 失、多路傳播、干擾、雜訊位準等。 活動模型代表在地理座標及/或邏輯識別符號方面的^吏 用者動作，例如衔道名稱等’以及使用者終端機的運動速 度等。活動模型係用來預測使用者終端機的未來位置。 應用/使用者内容代表使用者目前所在的應用環境，並 且可用來預測未來時刻的應用環境。例如，一應用内容可 包括一使用者使用http/tcpMp協定瀏覽網路、使用者在語 音電話上談話、進行文件傳遞’例如下載音樂等。 内容模型代表這些應用程序自身内及多種應用程序之 間個別的目前狀態和動態。例如，網際網路瀏覽的模擬經 常是關於封包通信期、封包呼叫、數量、持續時間及個別 封包的分割等。這代表應用程序内的内容模擬。多種應用 程序之間的内容模擬包括代表使用者可如何從一應用程 序移至另一應用程序的動態等。 圖1和圖2分別顯示根據認知無線原理和上述三種認知 模型的一使用者設備（user equipment ; UE)和一網路的具 體實施例。 圖1是使用三種認知模型的一具體實施例，而圖2是使用 二種認知模型和一 e忍知無線負源管理器的認知無線網路 的一範例。表1 (圖2)、表2 (圖3)和表3 (圖4 )分別詳細 說明實體、活動及内容模擬器的屬性。此三部分是獨立的£ 可使用此三種模型之其中一種或多種來建立系統。 圖1顯示使用者UE 10，其包括一地理資料庫i 2、一實體 模擬器1 4及一活動模擬器1 6。地理資料庫儲存地理位置和 地理位置的位置相關屬性，其可包括陸地的狀態，例如丘 1288570 (-2) 陵、山滅等、建築物、樹木、大氣屬性等。實體模擬器1 4 聲 提供無線相關屬性’例如與地理位置相關的多路屬性、映 射屬性及都普勒（D〇pple〇屬性。 活動模擬器1 6提供UE相關資訊，例如其地理座標、速度' UE可能經過的道路拓撲等，包括交通燈等，以及交通密 度。該資料傳遞給頻道處理器18，其準備該資料以傳送給 數據機2 6，即將應用資料映射至頻道並識別接收資料，並 將接收資料發送至適當目的地。使用在2 8的一適當射頻以 調變基頻的資料，並將其傳送通過天線裝置3 0以用於與網 路的通訊。 將可包括網際網路瀏覽、語音活動電子郵件、即時訊息 等的應用提供給應用内容模擬器2 2和應用處理器2 4以用 於模擬。例如，網際網路瀏覽的模擬經常是關於封包通信 期、封包呼叫、數量、持續時間及個別封包的分等。以上 述分別關於活動和實體模擬器1 4和1 6的方式’將該資料提 供給頻道處理器18用於隨後的傳送。圖5顯示由應用電路 20處理的各種應用。應用處理器24合併用於轉發資料至適 當目的地的編碼和處理，例如提供用於網際網路瀏覽 (TCP/IP)、語音通訊、圖像、簡訊服務（short message service ; SMS)及多媒體服務（multimedia service ; MMS)的 必要編碼和處理。 圖2顯示一網路單元，其中相同元件係由相同編號表 示，並進一步包括一認知無線資源控制器（radio resource controller ; RRC)，其分別與應用内容、實體及活動模擬 器22、14及16耦合。RRC 32通常控制封包在空中的最佳化 1288570 (-1) 傳送，•並進一步管理頻譜資源以確保維持服務品質 (quality service ; Q〇S)。為控制空中介面參數，對^ 用者通信量和無線頻道性能進行例行監控。對所有空中頻 寬和收入最大化（revenue maximization )連同載波政策進行 控制，以保證根據使用費用、訂購或其他訂戶政策明智使 用QoS產生收入。RRC使用來自模擬器14、1 6及22的資訊以 -更有效地使用無線頻道。 通常，實體模擬器1 4對無線頻道進行若干測量。例如， 實體模擬器1 4測量干擾位準及/或雜訊位準、測量頻道脈 衝反應以及估計多路特性。這些特性包括總能量、延遲傳 播、重要路徑的數量（也稱為「指標」）以及這些重要路徑 的位置、都普勒移位、大規模路徑損失等。在文獻中對這 些測量技術有詳細的描述。另外，實體模擬器丨4也可決定 一或多個UE的位置。若將模擬器14實施在UE中，則它可決 定其自身位置’但若將它實施在網路中，它可決定一個以 上UE的位置。UE可使用全球定位系統（gi〇bai positioning system ; GPS)(為簡化之目的而未顯示）或網路輔助gps來 決定其自身位置。網路可使用基地台（Base stati〇n)三角 測量原理來決定UE位置。 位置資訊可以是關於區域地理地圖以及關於道路、十字 路口、路標、建築物、丘陵、公園等。根據這些關係，實 體無線環境的特徵可以是室内、密集市區、市區、鄉下、 丘陵、公路等。這些測量形成實體模擬器丨4的參數。 同樣’活動模擬器1 6估計UE相對於地理地圖的未來位 置。例如，若UE係位於公路上並以某一速度移動，則可估 1288570 (〇) 1其未表位置。若UE係位於市區一十字路口附近，則道路 貝λ將根據相關概率提供若干未來位置的選擇未來^ 月匕位置的集合，連同相關概率，成為活動模擬器丨6的參數。 最後，係模擬應用内容。取決於使用者所使甩的特定應 用’可估計目前及未來資料速率和Q〇S要求。例如，假設 使用者（UE)正在進行語音會話、則可根據一般語音特.性和 目則使用的語音壓縮演算法來模擬所產生資料的量。同 樣，如果使用者正在網路瀏覽通信期當中，則可用一統計 方式模擬封包流動。例如，網路瀏覽的執行通常是使用具 有某一結構的TCP/IP協定。舉例而言，TCP通信期之前總 是一三路交握（3-way handshake)，包括少量資料傳送。通 承’其後跟隨若干請求回應（request-response)類型處理。 凊求訊息相當小，而回應卻可以大很多。同樣地，電子郵 件應用、樓案傳送協定（file transfer protocol ; FTP)、 簡訊系統（short message system ; SMS)應用、多媒體系統 (multimedia system ; MMS)應用、畫面訊息應用等可使用協 定結構和資料統計數字來特性化。這些特性形成應用内容 模擬器22的參數。 各種模擬器可在UE及/或網路中實施。網路和UE也可實 施一種所謂「認知控制器」（對UE而言是選擇性的），其顯 示為一無線資源控制器（radio resource controller) 32， 其接受來自模擬器14、1 6及22的參數作為輸入並處理這些 參數以決定最佳化無線性能。特定言之，認知控制器（RRC) 32決定最佳化資料速率、錯誤修正編碼方式、天線波束寬 度、功率位準、應用佇列尺寸等。隨之調整目前無線參數。 1288570 (Ο. 在某些瘌子中，可能會調用新程序，例如打開或關閉公認 模式無線資料傳送。在這些例子中，或選擇或丟棄無線參 數。可將區域認知模型參數輸入UE和網路中的認知控制器 (RRC) 32，如同在UE和網路中區域最佳化的情形。也可將 區域認知模型參數以及各種UE認知模型參數（其已被傳送 至網路）輸入網路中的認知控制器（RRC)。在此情形中，每 個UE使用一或多個無線頻率並報告認知模型參數資料。對 於協定使用一組適合的訊息和報告結構。網路接著處理區 域以及遠端（即來自UE)的認知模型資料並產生各種調整 以獲得最佳化或改善之性能。雖然某些調整受到網路中區 域的影響，使用適當指令協定可將其他調整傳送至相關 UE。這產生一認知無線系統，其使用由各種認知模型產生 的資料以努力在變化的實體、使用者及應用條件下進行最 佳化運行。 圖式簡單說明 本文使用以上說明和圖式來闡述本發明，其中相同元件 係由相同編號表示，其中： 圖1係本發明一使用者設備（UE)具體實施例的方塊圖； 圖2係本發明一網路具體實施例的方塊圖； 圖3概要說明本發明的實體模型屬性； 圖4說明本發明的活動模擬器屬性；以及 圖5說明本發明的應用内容模型。 圖式代表符號說明 10 使用者設備 12 地理資料庫 1288570 (2)· 14 實瀹模擬器 16 活動模擬器 18 頻道處理器 20 應用電路 22 應用内容模擬器 24 應用處理器 .26 數據機 28 射頻 30 天線裝置 32 無線資源控制器

Claims (1)

  1. (3) 1288570 拾、申請專利範圍： h —種用以預測一使用者設備(UserEquipment，UE)將來位置的方法，該·使 用者設備(UE)係應用於一無線通訊系統，該無線通訊系統包括至少一該 使用者設備(UE)以及至少一與該使用者設備(UE)通訊的基地台 Station，BS);該方法包括： ϋ 健存地理-資料於-資料庫中，該地理資料係包括與地理位置相關之一 資訊； 進行該地理位置與一無線相關屬性之關聯； 提供一相關於該使用者設備(UE)之移動與位置的一資訊；以及 (UE)之移動與位置的資訊來調整與選擇一操作參數 根據該地理位置械之資訊、該無線相關性與該相關於該制者設備 該無線相關屬性係包括一多 5亥無線相關屬性係包括一映 该無線相關屬性係包括一都 該地理資料係包括該使用者 該地理資料係描述該使用者 2·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法，其中 路屬性。 3·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法，其中 射屬性。 4·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法，其中 卜勒屬性。 5.如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法，其中 設備(UE)之一地理座標。 6·如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法，其中 設備(UE)之地理座標。 1288570 (4) ，該地理資料係描述該使用者 ，該地理資料係包括該使用者 7·如申請專利範圍第！項所述之方法，其中 設備(UE)之一速度。 八 8·如申請專利範圍第丨項所述之方法，其中 設備(UE)所經過之一拓撲。 9. 一種用以預測至少一 包括： 使用者設備(UE)將來位置的無線通訊系統 ’該系統 一資料庫’係用以儲存包括無理位置相關資訊之地理資料； -關聯裝置，侧以進機地雜置與無線細屬性之關聯,· - 2訊提供裝置，伽以提供—_該_者設備(UE)之飾與位置的 -調1與選擇裝置’係根據該地理位置_之資訊、該無線相關屬性與 該關於該使时設備(UE)之移動與位置的=f訊來進行—操作參數之調整 愈谐遲。 10·如申請專利範圍第9項所述之系統 路屬性。 11.如申請專利範圍第9項所述之系統 射屬性。 12·如申請專利範圍第9項所述之系統 卜勒屬性。 13·如申請專利範圍第9項所述之系統 用者設備(UE)之一地理座標。 其中，該無線相關屬性係包括一多 其中，該無線相關屬性係包括一映 其中亥無線相關屬性係包括一都 其中，該地理相關資訊係包括該使 (5). 1288570 I4·如申請專利範圍第9項所述之系統’其中’该地理資料係描述該使用者 設備(UE)之一地理座標。 · 該地理資料係描述該使用者 I5·如申請專利範圍第9項所述之系統，其中 設備(UE)之一速度。 !6·如申請專利範圍第9項所述之 設備(UE)所經過之一拓撲。’、狁’ 其中 該地理資料係包括該使用者
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