1250473 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於在鐵路車站等場所設置的自動驗票裝置 〇 【先前技術】 第1 8圖係表示以往例一種自動驗票裝置的槪略側面 圖。自動驗票裝置1 〇〇，其具備有：於其入口側（圖的右側） 設有上下1對的感測器1 0 1 a、1 〇 1 b ;於中央部設有上下1 對的感測器1 〇2a、1 02b ;以及於出口側（圖的左側）設有 上下1對的感測器1 〇 3 a、1 〇 3 b。此等感測器係由光感測器 所構成，上下的感測器同時遮光時，即檢出該位置有人到 達。圖中1 〇4係入口側的閘門，1 〇5則係出口側的閘門。 乘客在自動驗票裝置100的票投入口（圖示省略）投 入乘車票時，首先入口側的感測器i i a、1 〇 1 b同時被遮光， 因而檢出有乘客進入自動驗票裝置100。乘客沿通路前進’ 入口側的感測器1 〇 1 a、1 0 1 b由遮光狀態變爲透光狀態。接 著，乘客到達中央部時，中央部的感測器l〇2a、102b同時 呈遮光狀態、因而檢出乘客已到達中央部。其後’乘客向 出口前進，中央部的感測器1 02a、1 02b由遮光狀態變爲透 光狀態；乘客到達出口時，出口側的感測器1 0 3 a、1 0 3 b同 時呈遮光狀態。接著，乘客一由出口走出來，出口側的感 測器l〇3a、l〇3b由遮光狀態變爲透光狀態，因而檢出乘客 已經通過。 另一方面，自動驗票裝置1 〇 〇內的控制部設有正票§十 1250473 數器。正票計數器的初始値是〇，乘客所投入的乘車票如果 被判定爲正常票’則正票計數器的値變爲+1 °正票計數器 在+1的狀態，也意味著有乘客1人被准許通行。接著，感 測器102a、l〇2b由遮光狀態變爲透光狀態時，亦即乘客通 過中央部而被檢出的時點，正票計數器的値減算1而回到 0，其變爲等待下位乘客投入乘車票的待機狀態。 如上所述，以往例的自動驗票裝置1 00，其爲檢出乘 客的通行而在入口、中央及出口三處各設有上下一對感測 器，各對感測器同時被遮光時，即檢出乘客到達各該位置。 再者，自動驗票裝置中的通行檢出，其有關的先前技術， 可參閱下述專利文獻1、專利文獻2。專利文獻1記載有關 一種自動驗票裝置的通路寬度可調整變更以供輪椅通過， 其驗票通路由入口到出口以低位置配置橫向一列的複數個 感測器，而這些感測器在檢出輪椅時、驗票裝置本體是禁 止移動的等等。專利文獻2則記載另一種自動驗票裝置， 其沿著驗票裝置本體的進行方向，設置有對乘客所投入的 車票、顯示其適用與否的複數個顯示部外，另也同樣沿著 驗票裝置本體的進行方向設置有與此等顯示部呈一對一對 應的複數個通過感測器，經由通過感測器檢出乘客的位置， 然後在該乘客位置附近的顯示部顯示該乘客可否通過。 〈專利文獻1〉日本專利特開平94；! 26 94號公報 〈專利文獻2〉日本專利特開平丨卜丨4 4丨〇 2號公報 【發明內容】 〈發明所要解決的課題〉 1250473 第18圖所示以往例的自動驗票裝置100，其有以下的 問題點。第一，入口側的感測器101 a、101 b與中央部的感 測器1 0 2 a、1 0 2 b之間，以及出口側的感測器1 0 3 a、1 〇 3 b 與中央部的感測器1 0 2 a、1 0 2 b之間，由於配列間隔比較長’ 因此如果在入口與中央部之間、或出口與中央部之間’已 有人進入但滯留一定時間（例如5秒）不移動’則感測器 繼續在沒有被遮光的狀態會判斷「無人」，自動歸零處理 會啓動、正票計數器的値被歸〇。其結果是，即使該乘客投 入的是正常車票，也會有閘門1 〇 5關閉、乘客被禁止通行 的錯誤發生。第二，在中央部若有人與人接觸狀態通過、 或人與行李等物件接觸狀態通過的場合，則中央部的感測 器l〇2a、l〇2b同時被遮光的次數是1次，裝置側會判定只 有1人通過，正票計數器會有殘値（2-1 = 1)發生。其結果是， 有乘客1人無票也可以通過。第三，在自動驗票裝置100 的通路內，若有乘客前後徘徊打轉的複雜動作發生，感測 器無法對人做正確的追蹤，因而常會有由出口側逆進入、 或由入口側有第2個人進入等的誤檢出發生。第四，僅僅 由感測器的遮光、透光來作人身的檢出，故會有對乘客的 移動方向作誤判定的疑慮。以上問題點及其對策，上述專 利文獻1、專利文獻2並無揭露。 本發明乃爲解決上述課題而創作者，其目的在經由感 測器對人身位置的確實追蹤，提供一種沒有誤檢出、誤判 定的高信賴性的自動驗票裝置。 〈解決課題所用的裝置〉 1250473 f ) 本發明係一種對乘車媒體的適用與否作判定、控制閘 門的開關而對通行作許可或禁止的自動驗票裝置，其設有： 依通行方向作列狀配列的複數個感測器所形成的檢出裝 置；以及基於該檢出裝置的檢出輸.出、對通行的人身位置 予以管理的管理裝置者。該檢出裝置，將感測器的間隔設 定爲鄰接的感測器可同時檢出1人的人身。該管理裝置， 經由對人身的通行所伴隨檢出輸出的感測器間的遷移的追 蹤，而對人身的位置作即時（r e a 1 t i m e)管理。由於這樣的安 排，於感測器間的位置即使繼續有人擠入的狀態，感測器 · 必然會將該人身檢出，因此不會啓動自動歸零處理、而使 正票計數器的値回歸0，如此可避免乘客雖投入正常的車票 卻不免被禁止通行的尷尬場面發生。再者，本發明上述所 謂「列狀」，係將複數個感測器作直線狀配列外，也包含 例如使鄰接感測器其由地板起的高度作若干差異、而使複 數的感測器呈交錯的所謂千鳥狀配列。再者，也包含使複 數的感測器的其中一部份其由地板起的高度作上下方向錯 開的配列。 ♦ 又者’於本發明，檢出裝置其係將至少包含鄰接感測 器的複數個感測器當作1組，對應於各組的感測器位置、 分配一個狀態値（status)。管理裝置其係於1組中的複數個 感測器全部呈現檢出信號的輸出狀態時，判定該組的狀態 値即爲人身的位置，並經由對狀態値的追蹤而對人身的位 置作即時管理。經由此，比人體寬度較小之物（例如、人 手或傘等）即使由i個感測器檢出，也不致將之判定爲人 1250473 身的檢出，對於雜訊的誤檢出、可防範未然，可以提高人 身檢出的信賴性。 又者，於本發明，在自動驗票裝置入口部與出口部處， 除前述鄰接感測器外另於其上下方向適當間隔處備有別的 感測器，包含此別的感測器與上述鄰接感測器的複數個感 測器被當作1組而分配到一個狀態値。經由此，於追蹤開 始的入口部與追蹤終了的出口部，不僅有水平方向且有上 下方向而形成區域的追蹤，其結果是可更確實檢出人的進 入與退出，對於誤追蹤可防範未然，進而可以提高人身檢 馨 出的信賴性。 又者，於本發明，管理裝置在判定現在的狀態値已向 前1個或後1個組的狀態値遷移時，即將狀態値予以更新。 經由此，例如屬於2個之前之組的感測器突然有檢出信號 輸出的場合，會被看成是人手或攜帶物品等的檢出信號， 而不判定爲正規的人身檢出信號，因此不會把人手或攜帶 物品等的位置誤追蹤爲人身的位置，故可以提高人身檢出 的信賴性。 Φ 再者，於本發明，管理裝置在將狀態値更新後，若追 蹤過的感測器的檢出輸出沒有按照順序變化、或有突然消 失的場合，則配合現在狀態値最近位置有檢出信號輸出中 的感測器的位置，將狀態値作自動補正。經由如此，即使 在有人手或攜帶物品等誤追蹤發生的場合，由於對檢出輸 出作檢查而可將狀態値自動補正爲人身的位置，故可以提 高人身檢出的信賴性。 1250473 再者，於本發明，管理裝置根據複數的感測器的檢出 輸出，而對通行人身的前端位置及後端位置予以管理。經 由此，由於可以用前端位置及後端位置分別管理到達感測 器位置及脫離感測器位置二種狀態，人身的位置及通行的 方向不致發生錯誤，故可以提高人身檢出的信賴性。 再者，於本發明，管理裝置根據先行乘客的後端位置 與後續乘客的前端位置，來管理兩客的接觸及分離。由於 這樣的接觸與分離的管理，原來只靠感測器的遮光、透光 的次數不能正確檢出的接觸人數，變爲可以正確計算。因 此，以往例的正票計數器殘値發生而引起的無票通過的錯 誤，可予以防範未然。 再者，於本發明，管理裝置爲對每1通行的人身作即 時管理而備有管理表。經由此管理表對每1人的位置做管 理，則乘客在通路內即使有來回徘徊等的複雜動作，人身 的位置也可以做正確追蹤，因此不致發生逆進入或第2人 進入的誤檢出，故可以提高人身檢出的信賴性。 再者，於本發明，有感測器發生異常的場合，若異常 感測器的數目在一定數以內，則不執行異常停止，管理裝 置繼I賈追縱檢出輸出的遷移。經由此，即使感測器的一部 份有故障，自動驗票裝置仍能以所謂縮退機能繼續動作， 因而可以抑制伴隨感測器增加、故障發生率增加的影響。 【實施方式】 第1至4圖係顯示本發明實施例之自動驗票裝置之相 關圖式，第1圖係斜視圖、第2圖係側面圖、第3圖係上 -10- 1250473 視圖、第4圖係正面圖。於第1圖、第3圖及第4圖中，50 係自動驗票裝置、5 1係自動驗票裝置5 0的本體、5 2係被 設置於自動驗票裝置5 0的入口側的閘門、5 3係被設置於自 動驗票裝置5 0的出口側的閘門、54係自動驗票裝置5 0使 用於與非接觸IC卡進行通信的天線、5 5係顯示由天線所讀 取的非接觸1C卡是否爲正常的乘車媒體的燈泡顯示部、56 係顯示對乘客許可或禁止通行等各種信息的信息顯示部、5 7 係被設置於本體5 1的側部的側板、5 8係被設置於側板5 7 上面的小孩/學生顯示燈、5 9係被設置於側板5 7內覆蓋感 測器（後述）的蓋板、60係被設置於本體5 1的正面的通行 可否顯示部、61係由一對的自動驗票裝置5 0所形成的通 路。 如以上的自動驗票裝置5 0被設置於車站等場所，乘客 一將非接觸1C卡貼近天線54，天線54即將所讀取非接觸 1C卡的資料送至設於本體5 1內部的控制部，控制部判定乘 車媒體的適當與否因而控制閘門5 2、5 3的開關、以許可或 禁止通行。再者，此處雖然是以利用非接觸1C卡作爲乘車 媒體的非接觸型自動驗票裝置爲例’但本發明應也適用於 利用磁卡的接觸型自動驗票裝置、或磁卡及非接觸1C卡兩 者皆利用的混合型自動驗票裝置。 第2圖係第1圖中右側的自動驗票裝置5 0將蓋板取下 後的側面圖。係沿通行方向作直線狀配列對人身位置追蹤 用的感測器、在此係使用透過型光感測器。又者，第1圖 左側的自動驗票裝置5 0、於其側板5 7處’也有透過型光感 11 1250473 測器1〜1 6和右側的一對一配置而將通路包夾。因此，於 各自動驗票裝置5 0上，由感測器所構成的投光素子與受光 素子係沿著通行方向交互配列，且一方的自動驗票裝置5 0 的投光素子與他方的自動驗票裝置5 0的受光素子係對向配 置而將通路包夾。如此的安排，比起一方的自動驗票裝置5 0 僅配列投光素子、他方的自動驗票裝置5 0僅配列受光素子， 由於鄰接投光素子的間隔是2倍的緣故，故即使感測器數 目多、也可防止因光的干擾所引起的誤動作。第3圖及第4 圖中的L 1係表示從投光素子向受光素子所投射光線的光 軸。第2圖中，感測器1〜1 6的各感測器間隔y，係比人身 胴體的前後寬度較小的間隔、例如設定於8cm。其結果， 鄰接感測器（例如感測器8與感測器9)即可能由於1人的 人身同時將其遮光而有檢出信號輸出。上述感測器1〜1 6， 乃係構成本發明之檢出裝置的一個例子。又者，本發明的 檢出裝置，不限定於所示的感測器1〜1 6，例如也可利用反 射型的光感測器作爲檢出裝置。再者，第2圖係把1 6個的 感測器1〜1 6作直線狀一列配置也僅是一例，感測器的數 目應依自動驗票裝置50的通路長度而作適當選定。又者， 第2圖中1 6個的感測器1〜1 6雖是呈一列配置，但若鄰接 感測器由其底面起算的高度有若干相異、複數個的感測器 交互呈鋸齒狀排列也可以。進而，本體若係個體設計之場 合，感測器1〜1 6之中一部份的感測器（例如天線54附近 的感測器）由其底面起算上下若干差異配列也可以。 第2圖的2 1、22係用於判別大人/小孩的大人/小孩 12 - 1250473 感測器，彼等被設置於比感測1〜1 6器之列稍微上方的位 置。一方的大人/小孩感測器2 1被設置於自動驗票裝置5 0 的入D附近，他方的大人/小孩感測器2 2則被設置於自動 驗票裝置5 0的出口附近。此等大人/小孩感測器2 1、2 2， 係由反射型光感測器構成的，其將光線往斜上方投射並以 反射光來受光。第4圖的L4係表示大人/小孩感測器2 1、 22的光軸。再者，大人/小孩感測器21、22其由透過型的 光感測器來構成也可以。 第2圖的3 1、3 2、3 3係被設置於自動驗票裝置5 0的 入口附近的門部小孩檢出用感測器，其中門部小孩檢出用 感測器3 1、32係被配置於閘門52的上部位置，其也兼用 作入退出檢出用感測器。門部小孩檢出用感測器4 1，則被 配置於閘門5 2的下部位置。再者，3 3、3 4、42係被設置於 自動驗票裝置5 0的出口附近的門部小孩檢出用感測器，其 中門部小孩檢出用感測器33、34係被配置於閘門53的上 部位置，其也兼用作入退出檢出用感測器。門部小孩檢出 用感測器42，則被配置於閘門53的下部位置。此等感測器 31〜34、41、42與感測器1〜16同樣，係由透過型的光感 測器所構成。第4圖中的L2係表示感測器3 1〜3 4的光軸、 L3則係感測器41、42的光軸。 再者，於第2圖中，感測器1〜1 6被設置於由自動驗 票裝置5 0的設置面（地面）起算高約9 0 c m處，感測器3 1 〜3 4被設置於由问設置面起算咼約7 0 c m處’而感測器4 1、 42則被設置於由同設置面起算高約40cm處。然而，這只 -13 - 1250473 是一例而已，各感測器的設置高度，必須配合實際需要作 最適當的設定。 第5圖係表示自動驗票裝置50的電氣構成的方塊圖。 7 1係C P U，其作爲控制自動驗票裝置5 0動作的控制部。7 2 係由記憶體所構成的記憶部、其包括：暫時儲存從乘車媒 體所讀取資料等的領域、備有正票計數器的領域的R A Μ、 儲存CPU7 1的動作程式等的快閃記憶體、以及儲存自動驗 票裝置50的稼動資料的EEPROM。73係爲了管理通行的人 身位置的管理表，其係設於記憶部72的例如ΕΕΡ ROM內。 CPU71及記憶部72，構成本發明之管理裝置的一個實施例。 74係驅動閘門52、5 3的閘門驅動部，其係由門開閉 用的馬達以及馬達的驅動電路等所構成。7 5係顯示部，其 係由第1圖所不的燈泡顯示部5 5、信息顯示部5 6、小孩/ 學生顯示燈58、以及通行可否顯示部60所構成。76係與 上位裝置所有之主機裝置進行通信的主機通信部，77係供 應自動驗票裝置5 0各部的電源的電源部。7 8係人身檢出 部’其係由弟2圖所不的感測器1〜16、21、22、31〜34、 4 1、4 2所構成。7 9係控制天線5 4的動作的天線控制部， 天線54係與由1C卡所形成的非接觸媒體8 1之間行無線通 信，非接觸媒體8 1所記錄的乘車資訊等資料以非接觸予以 讀取。 第6圖係表示管理表7 3的記憶內容的一個範例圖。管 理表7 3記憶有ID號碼7 3 a、位置資訊7 3 b、7 3 c、方向資 訊7 3 d、接觸資訊7 3 e、判定資訊7 3 f、大/小判別資訊7 3 g、 1250473 及通行資訊73h等。ID號碼73a係對進入自動驗票裝置50 的乘客，每一人個別賦予的識別號碼。位置資訊7 3 b、7 3 c 係根據將於後面敘述的狀態値（status)來表示乘客位置的資 訊，其中位置資訊73b係基於現在（更新後）狀態値的位 置資訊，而位置資訊7 3 c係基於前回（更新前）狀態値的 位置資訊。方向資訊7 3 d係表示乘客由自動驗票裝置5 〇的 何種方向進入的一種資訊，對於驗票集票兩用機的場合、 即表不疋由驗示：側進入或由集票側進入的一^種資訊。接觸 資訊7 3 e係在複數的乘客於通行中有接觸的場合，表示接 觸人數（接觸數）、及接觸順序的資訊。判定資訊7 3 f係 車票判定有關的資訊，對於一張車票的處理包括有車票序 號、車票有效無效的判定結果、以及大人票小孩票的區別 等資訊。大/小判別資訊7 3 g係由第2圖的大人/小孩感 測器2 1、2 2的檢出結果而得來、以表示乘客是大人或小孩 的資訊。通行資訊73h係有關正常客或其以外的異常客的 資訊，乘客若沒有提示車票是屬無票客、乘客雖有提示車 票但卻非有效票的場合（即判定資訊7 3 f的判定結果屬「無 效」的場合）是屬無效客、由准許進入側的相反側進入的 乘客是屬逆進入客、乘客持有車票（非接觸媒體81)與自 動驗票裝置5 0之間通信隔絕、票處理沒有終了的場合是屬 處理未了客，各種各樣以旗標値設定且皆以異常客處理之。 這些以外的場合，則皆以正常客處理之。經由上述管理袠 73，在自動驗票裝置5〇通行的乘客每個人、其所在位置等 資料皆予以即時管理。 -15 - 1250473 其次’要說明上述自動驗票裝置5 〇對人身檢出的原 理。第7〜9圖，係有關狀態値（s t a t u S)與其遷移的說明圖。 所謂狀態値者，係將複數個感測器予以分組化，然後對應 於各組別感測器的位置而分配的位置資訊。例如，第7圖（a) 所示’將上下間隔設置的感測器1與感測器3 i歸爲一組， 並對於該組分配其爲狀態値S T 1。又，如第7圖（b)所示， 使鄰接感測器1、2與感測器3 1構成一組，並對於該組分 配其爲狀態値ST2。又，如第7圖（c)所示，使鄰接感測器 2、3與感測器3 2構成一組，並對於該組分配其爲狀態値 馨 ST3。同樣，如第7圖（d)所示，使鄰接感測器3、4與感測 器32構成一組，並對於該組分配其爲狀態値ST4。 如此繼續、則狀態値ST5〜ST13即如第7圖（e)〜（F)、 第8圖（g)〜（1)及第9圖（m)所示被分配的狀態値。亦即， 依序使鄰接2個感測器構成一組，該各組就會依序被分配 爲 ST5、ST6、ST7、· . - ST13。又，狀態値 ST14 〜ST17， 係與狀態値ST4〜ST1同樣被分配的。亦即，如第9圖（η) 所示，使鄰接感測器1 3、1 4與感測器3 3構成一組，並對 Φ 於該組分配其爲狀態値ST14。又，如第9圖（〇)所示，使鄰 接感測器1 4、1 5與感測器3 3構成一組，並對於該組分配 其爲狀態値ST15。同樣，如第9圖（ρ)所示，使鄰接感測器 1 5、1 6與感測器3 4構成一組，並對於該組分配其爲狀態値 ST16。最後，如第9圖（q)所示，使感測器16與感測器34 構成一組，並對該組分配其爲狀態値ST 1 7。 具有管理裝置的CPU71，會對人身檢出部78內的感測 -16- 1250473 器1〜1 6及感測器3 1〜3 4的檢出信號作監視，1組內的複 數個感測器全部有檢出信號輸出的狀態時，亦即1組內的 感測器全部被遮光時，即判定該組的狀態値即是人身的位 置所在。又者，1人的人身可遮光的感測器的數目，當然隨 該人的身體寬度而變化。以下爲使說明簡單起見，假設1 人的人身僅可對鄰接的2個感測器遮光。 現在，考慮乘客由自動驗票裝置5 0的入口側進入的情 況，最初入口的感測器1、31同時被遮光，在此時點CPU71 判定人身的現在位置是在第7圖（a)的狀態値ST1。乘客沿 馨 通路6 1前進，其次感測器2被遮光，但如前述感測器1與 感測器2的間隔比人身體的前後寬度小的緣故，所以感測 器1、3 1還維持在遮光的狀態，感測器i、2、3 1同時呈遮 光狀態，其各感測器有檢出信號輸出。從而，CPU7 1判定 人身的現在位置是在第7圖（b)的狀態値ST2。 乘客進而再沿通路6 1前進，其次感測器3、32被遮光， {旦感 '測器2與感測器3的間隔比人身體的前後寬度小的緣 故’所以感測器2還維持在遮光的狀態，感測器2、3、3 2 · 同時呈遮光狀態，其各感測器有檢出信號輸出。從而，CPU71 判定人身的現在位置是在第7圖（c)的狀態値ST3。同樣地， 乘客再沿通路6 1前進，感測器3、4、3 2同時呈遮光狀態， CPU71判定人身的現在位置是在第7圖（d)的狀態値ST4。 乘客再沿通路61前進，感測器4、5同時呈遮光狀態，CPU71 判定人身的現在位置是在第7圖（e)的狀態値ST5。 以下同樣地，伴隨著乘客沿通路6 1前進，狀態値遷移 -17 - 1250473 到ST6、ST7 ' · . . ST13等（即第7圖⑴〜第9圖（m))。 接著，乘客靠近出口附近時，即如第9圖（n)〜（p)所示包含 水平方向與上下方向的3個感測器（13、14、33等）同時 呈遮光狀態，而狀態値依S T 1 4、S T 1 5、s T 1 6遷移。最後， 乘客到達出口，如第9圖（q)所示感測器1 6、34同時呈遮 光狀態，故被判定是在狀態値S T 1 7。其後，乘客離開出口， 感測器1 6、3 4變成透光狀態，C P U 7 1判定乘客已從自動驗 票裝置50退出。 然而，在以上的過程、C P U 7 1在判定狀態値是s T 1的 時點自動驗票裝置50已對進入的乘客分配一個id號碼， 並記錄於管理表73(第6圖）的ID號碼73a內。再者，CPU71 也將擁有該ID號碼的人的位置、以前端狀態値及後端狀態 値來管理。亦即，人由入口向著出口前進通過時，感測器 最初由透光狀態變爲遮光狀態的位置稱爲前端狀態値，感 測器最初由遮光狀態變爲透光狀態的位置稱爲後端狀態 値。例如第1 0圖中，以黑點表示感測器9、1 0、1 1被人遮 光的場合，則前端狀態値是ST 1 1、後端狀態値是ST 1 0。又， 第1 〇圖係以2個狀態値來管理通行人的前端與後端的例 子’但若通行人的身體寬度小的場合，則如前述可用1個 狀態値來管理前端及後端也可以。又者，若通行人的身體 寬度大的場合，則3個以上的狀態値之中，變成由先頭及 最後的狀態値來管理前端及後端。以上的前端狀態値與後 端狀態値，被記錄於管理表7 3的位置資訊7 3 b、7 3 c。在此 場合，位置資訊7 3 b記錄著最新的狀態値，位置資訊7 3 c 1250473 等 則記錄著剛才之前的狀態値。 如上所述的實施例中，由於感測器1〜1 6的鄰接感測 器之間隔（此處爲8cm)被設定爲可同時檢出1個人身的 距離，故在感測器與感測器之間的位置只要是有人佔據的 繼續狀態，該鄰接感測器必然會檢出有人。因此，自動歸 零處理不會被啓動、正票計數器也不會歸〇，可避免乘客雖 已提示正常車票，閘門5 3卻關閉、乘客被禁止通行的尷尬 情形發生。再者，伴隨著人身的通行感測器1〜1 6的檢出 輸出是在感測器之間依順序遷移，故CPU7 1可將該遷移作 追蹤，而人身的位置可以做到即時管理。 再者，上述實施例，將複數個感測器作分組化，而對 各組分配一個狀態値當作其位置資訊外，當一組所包含的 所有感測器皆有檢出信號輸出時，即被判定爲該組的狀態 値即是人身的所在位置，故可經由對狀態値遷移的追蹤， 來管理人身的位置。由於此緣故，若有乘客把手或傘向前 伸出而通過自動驗票裝置5 0的場合，因手或傘比人的身體 小、即使有1個感測器有檢出信號，也不會由此做出另有1 人檢出的判定，故可防止因雜訊而發生誤檢出的情形。 再者，上述實施例中，基於複數個感測器的檢出輸出， 其係經由前端狀態値與後端狀態値來管理通行人的前端位 置與後端位置，故而可將前端位置當作感測器位置的到達、 將後端位置當作從感測器位置脫離而分別予以管理，因而 可對人身的位置做正確的檢出。又者，作爲管理表73的位 置資訊，由於記錄有這次的位置資訊7 3 b與前次的位置資 1250473 訊7 3 c，經由這些狀態値的比較，可以即時判定乘客的通行 方向。例如，前次的前端狀態値是S T 1 1、這次的前端狀態 値是ST12的話，可知乘客是向第2圖中的左方移動，但若 前次的前端狀態値是s T 1 1、這次的前端狀態値是s τ 1 0，則 可知乘客是向第2圖中的右方移動。如此，經由上述實施 例，乘客的位置及通行方向不致錯誤而可確實檢出。 再者，在上述實施例，在自動驗票裝置5 0的入口部附 近，如第7圖（b)〜（d)所示、把包含上下方向適當間隔處設 置有的感測器的3個感測器當作1組而分配其狀態値s T 2 φ 〜ST4。又者，在出口部附近，如第9圖（η)〜（p)所示、把 包含上下方向適當間隔處設置有的感測器的3個感測器當 作1組而分配其狀態値ST14〜ST16。因此，在追蹤開始的 入口部與追蹤終了的出口部處，其形成的檢出區域不僅包 括水平方向、而且也包括上下方向，在該區域的3個感測 器皆有檢出信號輸出時，該狀態値才開始成立。像這樣， 以水平方向的感測器、外加上下方向的感測器的輸出當作 判定條件，即可將人的進入與退出作確實的檢出，可以對 ® 錯誤的追蹤予以防範未然。 又者，在上述實施例，經由管理表73，可對每1個通 行的人身位置予以即時管理。因此，通行人即使在通路6 1 內有前後徘徊打轉的複雜動作發生，也可對人的位置作正 確追蹤，而不會產生逆進入或第2人進入的錯誤檢出。 其次，要說明有關狀態値的更新方面。狀態値者，必 然是沿前進方向或沿後退方向逐一遷移’ CPU71在判定由 -20 - 1250473 現在的狀態値向前面1組或向後面1組的狀態値作遷移後， 則將狀態値更新之。例如，在第1 1圖（A)，以前端狀態値 來說明的話，現在的狀態値是ST 1 1的場合，則其次的狀態 値是ST12 (前進方向）或ST10 (後退方向），在向其中一 個狀態値遷移的時點’狀態値S T 1 1即被遷移後的狀態値來 更新。對於人的身體在正常的追蹤時，其狀態値不會發生2 個以上飛快遷移的情形。例如，由狀態値ST U —下子遷移 到狀態値s T 9、或由狀態値S T 1 1 —下子遷移到狀態値s τ 1 3 等的情形，不會發生。依循這樣的規則作狀態値的更新， 則乘客的手或行李等向前方伸出而通過自動驗票裝置50的 場合，例如2個前面的1組所屬的感測器突然有檢出信號 輸出，該信號會被看成由人手或行李等所造成的雜訊，而 不會被看成正規的人身檢出，如此、可避免由於人手或行 李等所產生的錯誤追蹤發生。 但是’如弟1 1圖（B )的（a)〜（c)所不，即使前端狀態値 由ST11->ST12~^ST13作逐一遷移的場合，若有行李等或人 手揮動向前伸出的情形，前後的狀態値間感測器（（c)的感 測器1 1 )變成透光的狀態。然而，此種場合狀態値還是屬 逐一正常的遷移，也不像後述第1 3圖（c)、追蹤中的狀態値 所在感測器的輸出突然消失的情形，因而不會當作檢出行 李等來處理，而會把各狀態値當作1人身的狀態値處理。 再者，第1 1圖（B )的（d )，伸出的手等縮回後感測器1 1再度 被遮光’（e )係人的身體向前彳了進、後端狀態値也由s T 1 0 — ST1 1前進’長度來說與（a)大約相同。與（e)比較的話， 1250473 結局是狀態値也只是向前變化1個而已，中途由於人手或 行李等引起的雜訊並不製造成影響、而仍然可以保持是對1 人的人身作管理。 再者，前端狀態値由 ST1 —ST2—ST3 . · ·作遷移， 接著後端狀態値也由ST1 — ST2作遷移時，CPU71即判斷有 1人的人身進入自動驗票裝置5 0。又者，後端狀態値由ST 1 5 —S T 1 6 — S T 1 7遷移後，於S T 1 7變爲不成立時、亦即感測 器16、34的一方或兩方變爲透光時，CPU71即判斷有1人 的人身退出自動驗票裝置50。 φ 第1 2圖係表示自動驗票裝置5 0的動作的流程圖，其 也在表示CPU71所實行的步驟。首先是檢查各感測器的檢 出輸出（步驟S1)，接著是基於檢出輸出的有無來判定有 無狀態値的遷移（步驟S2 )。若無狀態値的遷移（步驟 S2:NO )，回到步驟S1繼續檢查感測器的檢出輸出。而若 有狀態値的遷移（步驟S2: YES )，則對管理表73的今回 的位置資訊73b與前回的位置資訊73c作更新（步驟S3 )。 在此場合，於更新之前乃係將今回的位置資訊73b所記錄 φ 之前端狀態値及後端狀態値，移至前回的位置資訊7 3 c，故 今回的位置資訊？3b乃是經常記錄有最新的（現在的）前 端狀態値以及後端狀態値。 其次，參照更新後的今回的位置資訊73b的前端狀態 値以及後端狀態値，而對乘客的現在位置、判斷其是否無 票檢出位置（步驟s 4 )。無票檢出位置係對乘客是否沒有 將非接觸媒體8 1貼近天線54就通行的判定基準位置，於 -22 - 1250473 本實施例，前端狀態値達ST6、且後端狀態値達ST5時， 即被判定爲無票檢出位置。現在位置若還不是無票檢出位 置（步驟S 4 : Ν Ο )，則判定是否中央位置（步驟s 5 )。於 本實施例，前端狀態値達時S T 8，即被判定爲中央位置。 現在位置若還不是中央位置（步驟S 5 :NO )，接著要判定 是否已經退出（步驟S 6 )。如前所述，後端狀態値遷移至 S T 1 7後，經由感測器1 6、3 4的透光而S T 1 7不成立時，即 被判定爲已經退出。如果還未退出（步驟S6:NO )，則回 至步驟S1重複上述的程序。 於步驟S4，現在位置若被判定爲無票檢出位置（步驟 S4: YES )，其次要檢查天線5 4所讀取的乘車媒體（非接觸 媒體8 1 )是否已經過通行可否的判定（步驟S 7 )。若已經 過判定（步驟S7:YES )，則將判定結果等當作判定資訊73f 而記錄於管理表7 3 (步驟S 8 )。另一方面，若尙未經過判 定（步驟S 7 : N 0 )，則管理表7 3的通行資訊7 3 h所在的無 票客旗標被設定0 N外’信息顯示部5 6無票的顯示燈也會 亮起（步驟S9 )。步驟S8及步驟S9執行後’回到步驟S1。 乘客通過無票檢出位置而到達中央位置時（步驟 S5:YES )，則依管理表73的無票客旗標是否ON而來判定 該乘客是否屬無票客（步驟S10)。若非無票客（步驟 S1〇：NO)，許可其通行（閘門5 3保持開的狀態）’並回到 步驟S 1。其後，經過步驟S 2〜S 5，而於步驟S 6被判定爲 已經退出時（步驟S 6 : Y E S )，處理即告終了。另一方面’ 若是無票客（步驟S 1 0: YES )，則閘門53關閉禁止其通行 1250473 (步驟S 1 1 )，並回到步驟S 1。以後，即實行上述處理相 同的處理。 其次，參照第1 3圖來說明關於狀態値的補正。由於乘 客的手或攜帶物引起的誤追蹤雖也會將狀態値更新，但追 蹤的感測器其檢出輸出不會按照通常的順序變化，甚至追 蹤的途中感測器的輸出會突然消失。例如，第1 3圖（a)的情 形，在狀態値ST 1 2時開始對人手或攜帶物作追蹤，如（b) 所示狀態値變化到ST 1 3的時點雖還不能判別是對人手或攜 帶物的追蹤，但如果是對人身的追蹤、則S T 1 3的其次必然 是向ST14或ST12遷移才對。然而，由於是人手或攜帶物 的一時離開人身而引起的追蹤，故如（c)所示、在狀態値S T 1 3 時感測器1 2變成透光狀態，檢出信號消失。在此場合，CPU7 1 會配合現在的狀態値ST13最近的位置有檢出信號輸出的 (亦即呈遮光狀態的）感測器1 1的位置，而將狀態値由S T 1 3 自動補正爲S T 1 1。此處感測器1 1的檢出信號乃係根據人 的身體而檢出的信號，狀態値S T 1 1也係表示人的身體的現 在位置的狀態値。經由此，雖會有人手或攜帶物引起的誤 追蹤發生，但經由檢查感測器的輸出，可把狀態値自動補 正爲人身的位置，如此可對人身的位置做正確追蹤。 其次，參照第1 4圖來說明關於接觸檢出。先行乘客（以 下稱「前客」）的後端位置與後續乘客（以下稱「次客」） 的前端位置之間’透光狀態的感測器1個也不存在的場合， 即判斷爲前客與後客接觸。例如於第1 4圖（a)，前客的前端 狀態値是ST12、後端狀態値是ST1 1，次客的前端狀態値是 -24 - 1250473 S T 7、後端狀態値是S T 6的場合，而如（b )所示、次 接近前客’再如（c)所示、前客與次客之間的感測器 光狀態時，則判斷爲兩者已經接觸。在此接觸中， 次客的前端狀態値都變爲S T 1 2、而前客與次客的後 値都變爲ST8°於此’前客與次客各自的管理表73 圖）中，位置資訊73b的前端狀態値及後端狀態値 有如以下的記錄。 前端狀態値=前客的前端狀態値（S T 1 2 ) 後端狀態値=次客的後端狀態値（ST8) 又者，於管理表73的接觸資訊73e內，接觸數 「2」，接觸順序則分別記錄有「1」及「2」（前客的 接觸順序是「1」；次客的場合，接觸順序是「2」） 再者，上述是舉2人接觸的場合爲例，依據同 理，可對3人以上的接觸作檢出。在此場合，先頭 的前端狀態値，與最後面的人身的後端狀態値，被 觸群組的共通狀態値而更新之。又者，從最初即有 人身以接觸狀態進入的話，根據第1 4圖的原理並不 接觸，所以會將之當作1人的人身來管理。 其次’梦照弟15圖來|兌明關於分離檢出。2人 接觸後，前端與後端間若有2個以上的連續感測器 信號的輸出不見的場合，即判斷爲前客與次客分離 該等感測器的位置爲區域來執行分離處理。例如，第 (a)所示，在前客與次客有接觸後，如（b)所示、次客 再如（c)所示、於2個的感測器8、9變爲透光的時點 客逐漸 皆呈遮 前客與 端狀態 (第6 ，暫時 記錄有 場合， 〇 樣的原 的人身 當作接 複數的 能檢出 的人身 其檢出 ’並以 。圖 後退， ，判斷 1250473 爲則各與次客已I为離。再者，於（b)所示當丨個的感測器 變成透光時即判斷已經分離也是可以的，但爲避免誤檢出 以及提局侣賴性，本實施例是在2個感測器透光後才判斷 分離。判斷則客與後客分離後，如（c)這樣將前客的後端狀 態値從S T 8更新爲S T 1 1、將次客的前端狀態値從s T ! 2更 新爲S T 7。再者’也將次客的後端狀態値更新爲s τ 6。其結 果，前客與次客各自的管理表73(第6圖）中，位置資訊 7 3 b的各狀態値由更新後的狀態値來代換，以後即根據新的 狀態値、來對各客的位置做管理。 Φ 如此，根據前客的後端位置與次客的前端位置，來管 理兩者的接觸及分離。經由此，對通行的人數做正確的計 數變爲可能。也可經由正票計數器殘留的發生，對無票通 過防範未然。 再者，關於3人以上接觸後的分離處理，接觸中由前 端到後端之間、若有從出口退出的情形被檢出，即判斷爲 有1人已經分離。例如，在第16圖中，（a)表示3人接觸的 狀態，前端狀態値是ST17 ’後端狀態値是ST12。從該狀態 β 起，到如（b)所示，出口側的最外側的感測器1 6、3 4變成 透光狀態時，即認定先頭的1人已經退出’在此時點、前 端狀態値由ST 1 7更新爲ST 1 5。再者’後端狀態値被更新 爲ST 1 3。此後，即以2人的接觸狀態來管理狀態値。 其次，參照第17圖來說明關於縮退機能。第2圖所示 的各感測器的狀態，隨時都由CPU71監視。因之’透過型 的光感測器1〜1 6、3 1〜3 4、4 1、4 2在一定時間（例如2 -26 - 1250473 分鐘）以上連續呈遮光狀態的場合，即判斷該感測器有異 常。該異常雖會經由主機通信部7 6 (第5圖）通知主機裝 置，但感測器有異常、只要異常感測器的數目在一定數（例 如2個）以下時，自動驗票裝置5 〇的動作不會就此停止， 而會繼續追蹤由正常感測器輸出信號所引起的遷移。在此 場合，狀態値因係由一直呈遮光狀態的異常感測器、與其 前後的正常感測器所形成的，故判定的位置和實際的人身 的位置之間’可能會有1狀態値份（本例中是8 c m )的誤 差，此誤差在實際運作上並不致造成太大的問題，故可予 鲁 以忽略。像這樣，經由縮退機能，伴隨感測器數目的增加 可以抑制故障發生率增加的影響。再者，異常感測器再度 變爲透光時，CPU71會將此檢出而解除縮退機能，轉而恢 復正常的動作。 但是，有些感測器、例如門部小孩檢出感測器、無票 位置檢出用感測器等，係屬基於人身檢出、控制自動驗票 裝置5 0的動作不可或缺的感測器（如第1 7圖中有X記號 表示者），這些感測器若有異常發生，不可移行到縮退機 β 能，而要將自動驗票裝置5 0的動作停止。在此場合，經由 主機通信部76通知主機裝置有異常發生。 〈發明的效果〉 如上所述，經由本發明’將人身的位置作確實追蹤變 爲可能，進而可以提供一種沒有誤檢出、誤判定的高信賴 性的自動驗票裝置。 【圖式簡單說明】 -27 -BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic ticket checking device installed at a railway station or the like. [Prior Art] Fig. 18 shows a schematic side view of an automatic ticket checking device of the prior art. Figure. The automatic ticket checking apparatus 1 is provided with a pair of upper and lower sensors 1 0 1 a and 1 〇1 b on the inlet side (the right side of the figure); and a pair of upper and lower sides in the center portion The detectors 1 〇 2a, 102b; and the upper and lower pairs of sensors 1 〇 3 a, 1 〇 3 b are provided on the exit side (left side of the figure). These sensors are composed of light sensors, and when the upper and lower sensors are simultaneously shielded from light, it is detected that the position is reached. In the figure, 1 〇 4 is the gate on the inlet side, and 1 〇 5 is the gate on the exit side. When the passenger puts in the ticket at the ticket insertion port (not shown) of the automatic ticket inspection apparatus 100, first, the sensors iia and 1 〇 1 b on the inlet side are simultaneously shielded from light, and thus the passenger is detected to enter the automatic ticket inspection apparatus 100. . The passenger advances along the path. The sensor 1 〇 1 a, 1 0 1 b on the inlet side changes from a light blocking state to a light transmitting state. Then, when the passenger arrives at the center portion, the sensors l〇2a and 102b at the center portion are simultaneously shielded from light, and thus the passenger has been detected to have reached the center portion. Thereafter, the passenger advances toward the exit, and the sensors 102a and 102b in the central portion change from the light-shielding state to the light-transmitting state; when the passenger arrives at the exit, the sensors on the outlet side are simultaneously displayed as 1 0 3 a, 1 0 3 b Shading state. Then, as soon as the passenger exits from the exit, the sensors l〇3a, l3b on the outlet side are changed from the light-shielding state to the light-transmitting state, so that the passenger has been detected to have passed. On the other hand, the control unit in the automatic ticket checking apparatus 1 设有 设有 is provided with a positive ticket § 10 1250473. The initial 値 of the positive ticket counter is 〇, and if the passenger ticket input by the passenger is judged to be a normal ticket, then the 正 of the positive ticket counter becomes +1 °. The positive ticket counter is in the state of +1, which means that there is one passenger. Permitted to pass. Next, when the sensors 102a and 102b are changed from the light-shielding state to the light-transmitting state, that is, when the passenger is detected by the center portion, the positive counter counter is reduced by 1 and returned to 0, which becomes waiting for the lower position. The passenger enters the standby state of the ticket. As described above, the automatic ticket checking apparatus 100 of the conventional example is provided with a pair of upper and lower sensors at the entrance, the center, and the exit for detecting the passage of the passenger, and when the respective pairs of sensors are simultaneously shielded from light, That is, the passenger is detected to reach each location. Further, the prior art in the automatic ticket checking apparatus can be referred to the following Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. Patent Document 1 describes that an automatic ticket inspection apparatus has an adjustable width of a passage for a wheelchair to pass through, and a ticket inspection path is provided with a plurality of sensors in a horizontal row from the entrance to the exit at a low position, and the sensors are detected. In the case of a wheelchair, the body of the ticket checking device is prohibited from moving, and the like. Patent Document 2 describes another automatic ticket checking apparatus which is provided with a plurality of display units for displaying a ticket to a passenger and displaying the application thereof in the direction in which the body of the ticket checking apparatus is in the same direction, and also follows the same test. The direction in which the ticket device body is oriented is provided with a plurality of pass sensors in one-to-one correspondence with the display portions, the position of the passenger is detected via the sensor, and then the display portion near the passenger position displays whether the passenger can be by. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 94; No. 26 No. 94 (Patent Document 2) Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 4 4 No. 2 (Convention) [Resolved Issues of the Invention] 1250473 Fig. 18 The automatic ticket inspection apparatus 100 of the conventional example shown below has the following problems. First, between the sensors 101 a, 101 b on the inlet side and the sensors 1 0 2 a, 1 0 2 b in the central portion, and the sensors 1 0 3 a, 1 〇 3 b on the outlet side Between the sensors 1 0 2 a and 1 0 2 b in the central part, because the arrangement interval is relatively long, 'if there is already a person entering between the entrance and the central part, or between the exit and the central part, but staying for a certain period of time ( For example, if it does not move for 5 seconds, the sensor will continue to judge "no one" in the state where it is not blocked. The automatic zero return processing will be started, and the positive counter counter will be blamed. As a result, even if the passenger enters a normal ticket, there is an error that the gate 1 〇 5 is closed and the passenger is prohibited from passing. Secondly, in the case where a person comes into contact with a person in a central state, or when a person comes into contact with a baggage or the like, the number of times the sensors l〇2a and l2b in the center portion are simultaneously blocked is one time. The side will judge that only one person passes, and the positive ticket counter will have a wreck (2-1 = 1). As a result, one passenger can pass without a ticket. Thirdly, in the passage of the automatic ticket checking apparatus 100, if a complicated action occurs in which the passengers turn around before and after, the sensor cannot correctly track the person, and thus there is often a reverse entry from the exit side or a A false detection of 2 people entering, etc. occurs. Fourthly, the human body is detected only by the shading and light transmission of the sensor, so that there is a doubt that the direction of movement of the passenger is incorrectly determined. The above problems and countermeasures are not disclosed in the above Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic ticket checking apparatus which is highly reliable without erroneous detection or erroneous determination by authentic tracking of a person's position via a sensor. <Device for Solving the Problem> 1250473 f) The present invention is an automatic ticket checking device that permits or prohibits the passage of the application of the riding medium, and controls or prohibits the passage of the gate, and is provided with: a detection device formed by a plurality of sensors arranged in a column; and a detection and output based on the detection device. The management device that manages the personal position of the pass. The detecting device sets the interval of the sensors so that the adjacent sensors can simultaneously detect one person. The management device manages the position of the person in real time (r e a 1 t i m e) by tracking the transition between the sensors detected by the passage of the person. Due to such an arrangement, even if the position between the sensors continues to be crowded, the sensor will inevitably detect the person, so the automatic zero return process will not be initiated, and the positive counter counter will be returned to 0. In this way, it is possible to avoid the embarrassing situation in which passengers are not allowed to pass the normal ticket. Further, in the above-mentioned "column shape" of the present invention, a plurality of sensors are arranged in a straight line, and for example, a plurality of sensors are used to make a difference between the heights of the adjacent sensors from the floor. The so-called thousand birds are arranged in a staggered arrangement. Further, it also includes an arrangement in which a part of the plurality of sensors is shifted in the vertical direction from the height of the floor. ♦ In addition, in the present invention, the detecting device treats a plurality of sensors including at least the adjacent sensors as one group, and assigns a status corresponding to the sensor positions of the respective groups. When the management device is in a state in which a plurality of sensors in one group present the output state of the detection signal, it is determined that the state of the group is the position of the person, and the position of the person is immediately tracked by tracking the state 値management. Therefore, even if the object is smaller than the width of the human body (for example, a human hand or an umbrella), even if it is detected by i sensors, it is not judged as the detection of the human body 1250473, and the false detection of the noise can be Preventing it before it can improve the reliability of personal detection. In addition, in the present invention, at the entrance and exit portions of the automatic ticket inspection device, in addition to the adjacency sensor, another sensor is provided at an appropriate interval in the vertical direction, including the other sensor and the sensor. The plurality of sensors of the adjacency sensor described above are assigned to a state as a group. As a result, at the entrance portion where the tracking starts and the exit portion where the tracking ends, the tracking of the region is formed not only in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical direction, and as a result, the entry and exit of the person can be more reliably detected, and the false tracking can be prevented. In turn, the reliability of personal inspection can be improved. Further, in the present invention, the management device updates the state 在 when it is determined that the current state 値 has moved to the state of the previous or the next group. As a result, for example, when the sensor belonging to the two previous groups suddenly detects the signal output, it is regarded as a detection signal of a human hand or a carried item, and is not determined to be a normal personal detection signal. The position of the person or the carried item is not mistakenly tracked as the position of the person, so the reliability of the person's detection can be improved. Φ Furthermore, in the present invention, after the status of the monitoring device is updated, if the detected output of the tracked sensor does not change in order or suddenly disappears, the current position is detected in the current position. The position of the sensor in the signal output automatically corrects the status. As a result, even when an error tracking such as a human hand or a carried item occurs, the state can be automatically corrected to the position of the person by checking the detected output, so that the reliability of the personal detection can be improved. Further, in the present invention, the management device manages the front end position and the rear end position of the passing person based on the detected outputs of the plurality of sensors. Thereby, since the position of the arrival sensor and the position of the sensor can be managed by the front end position and the rear end position, respectively, the position of the person and the direction of the passage are not caused to be erroneous, so that the reliability of the personal detection can be improved. Further, in the present invention, the management device manages the contact and separation of the two passengers based on the rear end position of the preceding passenger and the front end position of the subsequent passenger. Due to the management of such contact and separation, it is possible to correctly calculate the number of contacts that cannot be correctly detected by the number of times the sensor is blocked or transmitted. Therefore, the mistake of passing the ticket of the conventional example of the ticket counter can be prevented. Further, in the present invention, the management device is provided with a management table for the immediate management of the person who is in each of the passes. By managing the position of each person through the management table, even if the passenger has a complicated movement such as going back and forth in the passage, the position of the person can be correctly tracked, so that the reverse entry or the second person entering the false detection does not occur. Therefore, it can improve the reliability of personal detection. Further, in the present invention, when there is an abnormality in the sensor, if the number of the abnormal sensors is within a certain number, the abnormal stop is not performed, and the management device continues the migration of the detected output. Thereby, even if a part of the sensor is defective, the automatic ticket checking apparatus can continue to operate by the so-called retracting function, so that the influence accompanying the increase of the sensor and the increase in the failure rate can be suppressed. [Embodiment] Figs. 1 to 4 show related diagrams of an automatic ticket checking apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1 is a perspective view, a side view of a second figure, and a view of Fig. 10-1250473 on the third drawing. Figure 4 is a front view. In the first, third, and fourth figures, the 50-system automatic ticket checking device, the main body of the 51 automatic ticket checking device 50, and the shutters provided on the entrance side of the automatic ticket checking device 50 are provided. And 5 3 is a gate provided on the exit side of the automatic ticket checking apparatus 50, and the 54-type automatic ticket checking apparatus 50 is used for an antenna that communicates with the non-contact IC card, and the fifth system displays the non-read by the antenna. The light bulb display unit that contacts the 1C card is a normal vehicle display unit, and 56 displays an information display unit that displays various information such as permission or prohibition of passage of passengers, and a side panel that is provided on the side of the main body 5 1 and a system of 58 8 A child/student display lamp provided on the side plate 5 7 and a cover plate provided in the side plate 57 to cover the sensor (described later), and a 60-line passable display portion provided on the front surface of the main body 5 1 61 is a passage formed by a pair of automatic ticket inspection devices 50. As described above, the automatic ticket checking device 50 is installed in a station or the like. When the passenger approaches the non-contact 1C card to the antenna 54, the antenna 54 sends the data of the read non-contact 1C card to the control unit provided inside the main body 51. The control unit determines whether the boarding medium is appropriate or not and thus controls the switches of the gates 5 2, 5 3 to permit or prohibit the passage. Furthermore, although the non-contact type automatic ticket checking apparatus using the non-contact 1C card as the riding medium is exemplified here, the present invention should also be applied to the contact type automatic ticket checking apparatus using the magnetic card, or the magnetic card and the non-contact. A hybrid automatic ticket checking device that is used by both 1C cards. Fig. 2 is a side view showing the automatic ticket inspection apparatus 50 on the right side in Fig. 1 with the cover removed. A sensor for tracking a person's position is arranged linearly in the traveling direction, and a transmissive photosensor is used here. In addition, the automatic ticket checking apparatus 50 on the left side of Fig. 1 has a transmissive light sensation 11 1250 473 detectors 1 to 16 and a one-to-one arrangement on the right side of the side panel 57 to sandwich the path. Therefore, in each of the automatic ticket checking apparatuses 50, the light-emitting element and the light-receiving element system formed by the sensor are alternately arranged along the traveling direction, and the light-emitting element of one of the automatic ticket checking apparatuses 50 is automatically combined with the other. The light-receiving sub-unit of the ticket checking device 50 is placed in the opposite direction and the path is sandwiched. In this arrangement, only one of the light-emitting elements is arranged in comparison with one of the automatic ticket checking apparatuses 50, and the other automatic ticket checking apparatus 50 is only equipped with light-receiving elements, and since the interval between adjacent light-emitting elements is twice, even if sensing The number of devices is large, and it is also possible to prevent malfunction caused by light interference. The L 1 in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 indicates the optical axis of the light projected from the light-emitting element to the photoreceptor. In Fig. 2, the respective sensor intervals y of the sensors 1 to 16 are set to be smaller than the front and rear widths of the human body, for example, at 8 cm. As a result, the proximity sensor (e.g., the sensor 8 and the sensor 9) may have a detection signal output due to the fact that one person's body is simultaneously shielded from light. The above-described sensors 1 to 16 are examples of the detecting device of the present invention. Further, the detecting device of the present invention is not limited to the sensors 1 to 16 shown, and a reflective type photo sensor may be used as the detecting device, for example. Further, in the second drawing, only one of the sixteen sensors 1 to 16 is arranged in a straight line, and the number of the sensors is appropriately selected in accordance with the path length of the automatic ticket checking apparatus 50. In addition, in the second figure, the sixteen sensors 1 to 16 are arranged in a row, but if the height of the adjacent sensor from the bottom surface thereof is different, the plurality of sensors interact with each other in a sawtooth manner. Arrangement is also possible. Furthermore, if the body is designed by an individual, the sensor of a part of the sensors 1 to 16 (for example, the sensor in the vicinity of the antenna 54) may be arranged from the bottom surface by a plurality of differential arrangements. 2 1 and 22 of Fig. 2 are used to identify adults/children of adults/children 12 - 1250473 sensors, which are placed at positions slightly above the columns of the sensed 1 to 16. One adult/child sensor 2 1 is placed near the entrance D of the automatic ticket inspection device 50, and the other adult/child sensor 2 2 is placed near the exit of the automatic ticket inspection device 50. These adult/child sensors 2 1 and 2 2 are composed of a reflective photosensor that projects light obliquely upward and receives light by reflected light. L4 of Fig. 4 shows the optical axes of the adult/child sensors 2 1, 22. Further, the adult/child sensors 21 and 22 may be configured by a transmissive photosensor. 3, 3, 2 and 3 of Fig. 2 are sensor sensors for door detection provided in the vicinity of the entrance of the automatic ticket inspection device 50, and the sensor for detecting children 3 1 and 32 for the door portion. It is disposed at the upper position of the shutter 52, and also serves as an entrance/exit detection sensor. The door child detecting sensor 4 1 is disposed at a lower position of the shutter 52. Further, 3 3, 3 4, and 42 are provided in the door child detecting sensor in the vicinity of the exit of the automatic ticket checking device 50, wherein the door detecting sensors 33 and 34 are arranged. At the upper position of the shutter 53, it also serves as a sensor for entering and exiting the detection. The door child detecting sensor 42 is disposed at a lower position of the shutter 53. Similarly to the sensors 1 to 16, the sensors 31 to 34, 41, and 42 are constituted by a transmissive photosensor. L2 in Fig. 4 indicates the optical axes of the sensors 3 1 to 34, and L3 is the optical axes of the sensors 41 and 42. Furthermore, in the second figure, the sensors 1 to 16 are disposed at a height of about 90 cm from the setting surface (ground) of the automatic ticket checking device 50, and the sensors 3 1 to 3 4 are set. The sensor 4 1 , 42 is set at a height of about 40 cm from the same setting surface. However, this is only an example of -13 - 1250473. The height of each sensor must be set to the most appropriate setting. Fig. 5 is a block diagram showing the electrical configuration of the automatic ticket checking apparatus 50. 7 1 is a C P U as a control unit that controls the operation of the automatic ticket checking device 50. 7 2 is a memory unit composed of a memory, which includes a field for temporarily storing data read from a boarding medium, a RA 领域 in a field in which a counter counter is provided, and a flashing program for storing an operating program of the CPU 7 1 The memory and the EEPROM storing the data of the automatic ticket checking device 50. The 73 is a management table for managing the passing personal position, and is provided in the storage unit 72, for example, in a ROM. The CPU 71 and the storage unit 72 constitute an embodiment of the management device of the present invention. The gate drive unit of the 74-type drive shutters 52 and 53 is constituted by a motor for opening and closing the door, a drive circuit for the motor, and the like. The seventh display unit is composed of a bulb display unit 55, an information display unit 56, a child/student display lamp 58, and a passage display unit 60, which are not shown in Fig. 1. The 76 is a host communication unit that communicates with all the host devices of the host device, and 77 is a power supply unit that supplies power to each unit of the automatic ticket checking device 50. The 7-8 body detection unit is composed of sensors 1 to 16, 21, 22, 31 to 34, 4 1 and 4 2 which are not shown in Fig. 2 . 7 9 is an antenna control unit that controls the operation of the antenna 5 4 , and the antenna 54 is wirelessly communicated with the non-contact medium 8 1 formed by the 1C card, and the information such as the travel information recorded by the non-contact medium 8 1 is not Contact is read. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the memory contents of the management table 73. Management Table 7 3 Memory ID number 7 3 a, Location information 7 3 b, 7 3 c, Direction information 7 3 d, Contact information 7 3 e, Decision information 7 3 f, Big/small discrimination information 7 3 g, 1250473 And access information 73h and so on. The ID number 73a is an identification number assigned to each passenger who enters the automatic ticket checking apparatus 50. The position information 7 3 b, 7 3 c is information indicating the position of the passenger based on a status statue which will be described later, wherein the position information 73b is based on the position information of the current (updated) status, and the position information 7 3 c is based on the position information of the previous (pre-update) status. Direction information 7 3 d is a kind of information indicating which direction the passenger enters by the automatic ticket checking device 5, and for the case of the ticket collecting and collecting machine, it is not indicated by the check: side entry or by the collecting side Enter a kind of information. Contact Information 7 3 e is information on the number of contacts (number of contacts) and the order of contact when multiple passengers have contact in transit. The judgment information 7 3 f is information related to the ticket determination, and the processing of one ticket includes information such as the ticket number, the determination result of the validity of the ticket, and the difference between the ticket of the adult ticket and the child ticket. The large/small discrimination information 7 3 g is obtained by the detection result of the adult/child sensor 2 1 and 2 2 of Fig. 2 to indicate that the passenger is an adult or a child. The traffic information 73h is information about the normal passenger or other abnormal passengers. If the passenger does not indicate that the ticket is a ticketless passenger, the passenger has a ticket but a valid ticket (ie, the determination result of the determination information 7 3 f belongs to In the case of "invalid", it is an invalid passenger. The passenger entering from the opposite side of the permitted entry side is a reverse entry passenger, the passenger holds the ticket (contactless media 81) and the automatic ticket checking device 50 is isolated from the ticket. In the case where the processing is not finished, it is a treatment that has not been processed, and various types are set by the flag and are handled by abnormal customers. In cases other than these, they are handled by normal customers. Through the above management 袠 73, the information of each passenger, their location, etc., which are passed through the automatic ticket checking apparatus 5, is immediately managed. -15 - 1250473 Next, the principle of the above-mentioned automatic ticket checking device 5 人 is detected. Figures 7 to 9 are explanatory diagrams of the state 値 (s t a t u S) and its migration. The so-called state is a grouping of a plurality of sensors, and then corresponding position information is assigned corresponding to the position of each group of sensors. For example, the sensor 1 and the sensor 3 i which are disposed above and below are grouped as shown in Fig. 7(a), and are assigned to the group 値S T 1 for the group. Further, as shown in Fig. 7(b), the adjacent sensors 1, 2 and the sensor 3 1 are grouped together, and this component is assigned a state 値 ST2. Further, as shown in Fig. 7(c), the adjacent sensors 2, 3 and the sensor 32 are grouped together, and the group is assigned a state ST ST3. Similarly, as shown in Fig. 7(d), the adjacent sensors 3, 4 and the sensor 32 are grouped together, and the group is assigned a state 値 ST4. In this manner, the states 値ST5 to ST13 are the states 被 as shown in Figs. 7(e) to (F), Figs. 8(g) to 1(1), and ninth diagram (m). That is, the adjacent two sensors are sequentially formed into a group, and the groups are sequentially assigned as ST5, ST6, ST7, . - ST13. Further, the states 値 ST14 to ST17 are assigned in the same manner as the states 値ST4 to ST1. That is, as shown in Fig. 9 (n), the adjacent sensors 1 3, 14 and the sensor 3 3 are grouped, and Φ is assigned to the group as the state 値 ST14. Further, as shown in Fig. 9 (〇), the adjacent sensors 14 and 15 and the sensor 3 are grouped together, and the group is assigned a state 値 ST15. Similarly, as shown in Fig. 9 (p), the adjacent sensors 15 and 16 are grouped with the sensor 34, and the group is assigned a state 値 ST16. Finally, as shown in Fig. 9(q), the sensor 16 and the sensor 34 are grouped together, and the group is assigned a state 値 ST 17 . The CPU 71 having the management device monitors the detection signals of the sensing-16-1250473 devices 1 to 16 and the sensors 3 1 to 34 in the personal detection unit 78, and the plurality of sensing in one group. When all of the detectors have a state in which the signal is output, that is, when all of the sensors in one group are shielded from light, it is determined that the state of the group is the position of the person. Moreover, the number of sensors that can be shaded by one person, of course, varies with the body width of the person. In the following, for the sake of simplicity of explanation, it is assumed that a person's body can only block the adjacent two sensors. Now, considering that the passenger enters from the entrance side of the automatic ticket checking device 50, the sensors 1, 31 of the first entrance are simultaneously blocked, and at this time, the CPU 71 determines that the current position of the person is in the state of Fig. 7(a).値ST1. The passenger advances along the sinuous passage 61, and secondly the sensor 2 is shielded from light, but the distance between the sensor 1 and the sensor 2 is smaller than the front and rear width of the human body, so the sensors 1, 31 remain In the light-shielded state, the sensors i, 2, and 3 1 are simultaneously in a light-shielding state, and each of the sensors has a detection signal output. Therefore, the CPU 7 1 determines that the current position of the person is in the state 値 ST2 of Fig. 7(b). The passenger further advances along the passage 61, and then the sensors 3, 32 are shielded from light, and the distance between the detector 2 and the sensor 3 is smaller than the front and rear width of the human body. Therefore, the sensor 2 is maintained. In the state of shading, the sensors 2, 3, and 3 2 are simultaneously in a light-shielding state, and each of the sensors has a detection signal output. Therefore, the CPU 71 determines that the current position of the person is in the state 値 ST3 of Fig. 7(c). Similarly, the passenger advances along the path 61, and the sensors 3, 4, and 3 2 are simultaneously shielded from light, and the CPU 71 determines that the current position of the person is in the state 値 ST4 of Fig. 7(d). The passenger further advances along the path 61, and the sensors 4 and 5 are simultaneously shielded from light, and the CPU 71 determines that the current position of the person is in the state 値ST5 of Fig. 7(e). Similarly, as the passenger advances along the path 6 1 , the state 値 moves -17 - 1250473 to ST6 , ST7 ' . . ST13, etc. (ie, Fig. 7 (1) to Fig. 9 (m)). Then, when the passenger approaches the exit, that is, as shown in Fig. 9 (n) to (p), the three sensors (13, 14, 33, etc.) including the horizontal direction and the up and down direction are simultaneously shielded, and the state is 値Migration according to ST 1 4, ST 1 5, s T 1 6 . Finally, the passenger arrives at the exit. As shown in Fig. 9(q), the sensors 16 and 34 are simultaneously in a opaque state, so that it is judged to be in the state 値S T 17 . Thereafter, the passenger leaves the exit, the sensors 16 and 34 become light transmissive, and C P U 7 1 determines that the passenger has exited from the automatic ticket checking device 50. However, in the above process, when the CPU 7 1 determines that the state 値 is s T 1 , the automatic ticket checking apparatus 50 has assigned an id number to the entered passenger, and records the ID number 73a of the management table 73 (Fig. 6). Inside. Further, the CPU 71 also manages the position of the person who owns the ID number in the front end state and the back end state 値. That is, when the person advances from the entrance toward the exit, the position at which the sensor initially changes from the light transmitting state to the light blocking state is referred to as the front end state, and the position at which the sensor initially changes from the light blocking state to the light transmitting state is referred to as the back end. Status 値. For example, in the case of Fig. 10, when the sensors 9, 10, and 1 are blocked by black dots, the front end state 値 is ST 1 1 and the rear end state 値 is ST 1 0. In addition, the first diagram is an example of managing the front end and the rear end of the passer by two states. However, if the body width of the passer is small, the front end and the back end can be managed by one state. . In addition, when the width of the pedestrian is large, the front end and the rear end are managed by the first and last states among the three or more states. The above front end state 后 and rear end state 値 are recorded in the position information 7 3 b, 7 3 c of the management table 73. In this case, the location information 7 3 b records the latest status 値, and the location information 7 3 c 1250473 and the like records the previous state 値. In the embodiment described above, since the intervals of the adjacent sensors of the sensors 1 to 16 (here, 8 cm) are set to simultaneously detect the distance of one person, the sensor and the sensing are performed. As long as the position between the devices is a continuation state occupied by a person, the adjacency sensor will inevitably detect someone. Therefore, the automatic zeroing process will not be activated, and the positive ticket counter will not be blamed. This avoids the situation where the passenger has been prompted for a normal ticket, the gate 5 3 is closed, and the passenger is prohibited from passing. Furthermore, the detection outputs of the personal sensors 1 to 16 are sequentially shifted between the sensors, so the CPU 7 1 can track the migration, and the position of the person can be managed in real time. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, a plurality of sensors are grouped, and each group is assigned a state as its location information. When all the sensors included in a group have a detection signal output, That is, it is determined that the state of the group is the location of the person, so the position of the person can be managed by tracking the state transition. For this reason, if there is a passenger's hand or umbrella extending forward and passing through the automatic ticket checking device 50, since the hand or the umbrella is smaller than the human body, even if one sensor has a detection signal, it will not As a result, a judgment of one person is detected, so that it is possible to prevent a false detection due to noise. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, based on the detection outputs of the plurality of sensors, the front end position and the rear end position of the passer are managed via the front end state 値 and the rear end state ,, so that the front end position can be regarded as a feeling The arrival of the position of the detector and the separation of the position of the rear end from the position of the sensor are separately managed, so that the position of the person can be correctly detected. Further, as the position information of the management table 73, since the current position information 7 3 b and the previous position information 1250473 7 3 c are recorded, the comparison of these states , can immediately determine the passenger's traffic direction. For example, if the previous front end state ST is ST 1 1 and the current front end state 値 is ST12, it can be seen that the passenger moves to the left in FIG. 2, but if the previous front end state 値 is s T 1 1 , this time When the front end state 値 is s τ 1 0, it can be seen that the passenger moves to the right in FIG. 2 . Thus, with the above embodiment, the position and the traveling direction of the passenger can be surely detected without error. Further, in the above-described embodiment, in the vicinity of the entrance portion of the automatic ticket checking device 50, as shown in Figs. 7(b) to (d), three sensors including the sensors provided at appropriate intervals in the vertical direction are provided. The sensor is assigned a group 而 s T 2 φ 〜 ST4 as a group. In the vicinity of the exit portion, as shown in Fig. 9 (n) to (p), the three sensors including the sensors provided at appropriate intervals in the vertical direction are assigned as one group and the state is assigned. ST14~ST16. Therefore, at the entrance portion where the tracking starts and the exit portion where the tracking ends, the detection region formed includes not only the horizontal direction but also the vertical direction, and when the three sensors in the region have the detection signal output, This state was only established. In this way, the output of the sensor in the horizontal direction and the sensor in the down direction are used as the determination conditions, so that the entry and exit of the person can be reliably detected, and the tracking of the ® error can be prevented. Further, in the above embodiment, the personal position of each of the passages can be managed instantaneously via the management table 73. Therefore, even if the passer-by has a complicated action of turning back and forth in the passage 61, the position of the person can be correctly tracked without causing an erroneous detection of the reverse entry or the entry of the second person. Secondly, it is necessary to explain the update aspect of the status 値. The state is inevitably moved one by one in the forward direction or in the backward direction. The CPU 71 updates the status after it is determined that the current state of the -20 - 1250473 is migrating to the previous group or the latter group. . For example, in the case of the front end state 第 in Fig. 1 (A), when the current state 値 is ST 1 1 , the next state 値 is ST12 (forward direction) or ST10 (reverse direction), One of the states 値 migration time 'state 値 ST 1 1 is updated after the migrated state 値. When the human body is in normal tracking, there will be no more than two rapid migrations. For example, the case where the state 値ST U - the next submigration to the state 値 s T 9 , or the state 値 S T 1 1 - the next submigration to the state 値 s τ 1 3 does not occur. In the case where the passenger's hand or baggage or the like is extended to the front and passes through the automatic ticket checking apparatus 50 in accordance with such a rule, for example, the sensor of one of the two preceding groups suddenly has a detection signal output. This signal is seen as a noise caused by a person or baggage, and will not be seen as a normal person, so as to avoid false tracking due to hand or baggage. However, if (a) to (c) of the brothers 1 1 (B) are not, even if the front-end state is moved one by one by ST11->ST12~^ST13, if there is baggage or the like, the hand is swung forward. In the case of the front and rear, the statetime sensor ((1) of the sensor (1)) becomes a light transmitting state. However, in this case, the state is still a normal migration, and it is not like the case where the output of the sensor in the tracking state is suddenly disappeared as shown in the following figure (c). Waiting for processing, and treating each state as a state of one person. Furthermore, in (d) of Fig. 1(B), the extended hand and the like are retracted and the sensor 1 1 is again shielded from light ['e), the body of the person is forwarded forward, and the rear end state is also The advancement by s T 1 0 - ST1 1 is approximately the same as (a) in length. Compared with (e), the outcome of the 1250473 is that the state is only one change forward. The noise caused by the hand or baggage in the middle is not made into an influence, but can still be maintained as a person's personal management. Furthermore, the front end state is determined by ST1 - ST2 - ST3. · For migration, when the backend state is also migrated by ST1 - ST2, the CPU 71 determines that one person has entered the automatic ticket checking device 50. In addition, when the rear-end state 迁移 is shifted from ST 1 5 —ST 1 6 — ST 1 7 , when ST 17 7 is not established, that is, when one or both of the sensors 16 and 34 become light-transmitting, The CPU 71 judges that one person has exited the automatic ticket checking apparatus 50. φ Fig. 12 is a flow chart showing the operation of the automatic ticket checking apparatus 50, and also shows the steps executed by the CPU 71. First, the detection output of each sensor is checked (step S1), and then the transition of the presence/absence state is determined based on the presence or absence of the detected output (step S2). If there is no state transition (step S2: NO), the process returns to step S1 to continue checking the detected output of the sensor. On the other hand, if there is a state transition (step S2: YES), the current position information 73b of the management table 73 and the previous position information 73c are updated (step S3). In this case, before the update, the position information φ and the back end state 记录 recorded in the current position information 73b are moved to the previous position information 7 3 c, so the current position information? 3b is often recorded with the latest (current) front-end status and back-end status. Next, referring to the front end state 値 and the rear end state 位置 of the updated position information 73b, the current position of the passenger is judged whether or not there is no ticket check position (step s 4). The ticketless detection position is a determination reference position for whether the passenger does not pass the non-contact medium 8 1 close to the antenna 54. In the embodiment -22 - 1250473, when the front end state reaches ST6 and the rear end state reaches ST5, That is, it is determined that there is no ticket detection position. If the current position is not yet the ticketless detection position (step S 4 : Ν Ο ), it is determined whether or not the center position is present (step s 5 ). In the present embodiment, the front end state S T 8, which is determined as the center position. If the current position is not yet the central position (step S5: NO), it is next determined whether or not it has exited (step S6). As described above, after the backend state 値 has migrated to S T 17 , it is judged that it has exited when the light is transmitted through the sensors 16 and 34 and S T 17 is not established. If it has not exited (step S6: NO), it returns to step S1 to repeat the above-described procedure. In step S4, if the current position is determined to be the no-ticket detection position (step S4: YES), the next step is to check whether the riding medium (non-contact medium 8 1 ) read by the antenna 54 has passed the determination ( Step S7). If the determination has been made (step S7: YES), the determination result or the like is recorded as the determination information 73f in the management table 73 (step S8). On the other hand, if the 尙 has not been judged (step S7: N 0 ), the ticketless flag of the traffic information 7 3 h of the management table 7 3 is set to 0 N, and the information display unit 56 has no ticket. The indicator light also lights up (step S9). After step S8 and step S9 are executed, the process returns to step S1. When the passenger arrives at the central position by the ticketless check position (step S5: YES), it is determined whether or not the passenger is a no-passenger according to whether or not the passenger-free flag of the management table 73 is ON (step S10). If it is not a ticketless (step S1 〇: NO), it is permitted to pass (the state in which the gate 5 3 is kept open)' and returns to step S1. Thereafter, after the steps S 2 to S 5 are passed and the step S 6 is judged to have exited (step S 6 : Y E S ), the processing ends. On the other hand, if there is no ticket (step S1 0: YES), the gate 53 is closed to prohibit its passage 1250473 (step S1 1), and the process returns to step S1. In the future, the same processing as described above is carried out. Next, the correction regarding the state 値 will be described with reference to FIG. The mis-tracking caused by the passenger's hand or the carrier will update the status, but the detected output of the tracked sensor will not change in the usual order, and even the output of the tracked sensor will suddenly disappear. For example, in the case of Fig. 13 (a), when the state 値 ST 1 2 is started, the human hand or the carrier is tracked. If the state shown in (b) changes to the ST 1 3, it is not possible to judge whether it is a human hand. Or tracking of the carry-on, but if it is tracking the person, then ST 1 3 must be moved to ST14 or ST12. However, since the tracking is caused by the human hand or the portable person temporarily leaving the human body, as shown in (c), the sensor 12 becomes a light transmitting state in the state 値S T 1 3 , and the detection signal disappears. In this case, the CPU 7 1 matches the position of the sensor 11 that is detected (that is, in a light-shielded state) at the position closest to the current state 値ST13, and automatically corrects the state ST from ST 1 3 to ST. 1 1. Here, the detection signal of the sensor 11 is a signal detected based on the human body, and the state 値S T 1 1 is also a state 现 indicating the current position of the human body. As a result, although the mis-tracking caused by the human hand or the carried object occurs, the state of the sensor can be automatically corrected to the position of the person by checking the output of the sensor, so that the position of the person can be correctly tracked. Next, the contact detection will be described with reference to Fig. 14. When there is no one in the light-transmitting state between the rear end position of the preceding passenger (hereinafter referred to as "the former passenger") and the front end position of the subsequent passenger (hereinafter referred to as the "second passenger"), it is judged as the former. The customer is in contact with the customer. For example, in Figure 14 (a), the front-end status of the front passenger is ST12, the back-end status is ST1 1, the front-end status of the passenger is -24 - 1250473 ST 7, and the back-end status ST is ST 6. And as shown in (b), when the closer to the former guest's, as shown in (c), the sensor light state between the guest and the guest, it is determined that the two have come into contact. In this contact, the front-end status of the secondary passengers becomes ST 1 2, and the posterior and the second passenger's rear squats become ST8°. In this 'pre-customer and secondary passenger's respective management table 73 diagram, the position The front end state and the back end state of the information 73b are as follows. The front end state 値 = the front end state of the front passenger 値 (ST 1 2 ) The rear end state 値 = the back end state of the secondary passenger 値 (ST8) In addition, in the contact information 73e of the management table 73, the contact number "2", contact In the order, "1" and "2" are recorded respectively (the contact order of the former is "1"; in the case of the second guest, the contact order is "2"). The above is the case where two people contact, for example, based on In the same way, more than 3 people can be detected. In this case, the leading end state 値, and the rearmost state of the personal body 値, the common state of the touched group is updated. In addition, if there is a person entering the state of contact at the beginning, it does not touch according to the principle of Fig. 14, so it will be managed as a person of one person. Secondly, 'Meng Zhaodi 15 maps| When two people contact, if there is no output of two or more continuous sensor signals between the front end and the rear end, it is judged that the position of the sensors is separated by the position of the sensors and the second passenger is separated. For example, as shown in (a), after the contact between the former guest and the secondary passenger, as shown in (b), the secondary passenger is as shown in (c), and the two sensors 8, 9 become transparent. At that time, the customers are gradually showing the state of the front and the front (the sixth is the temporary record of the occasion, the original person who is the same as the number of the person who can be detected is detected. And the picture is back., judge 1250473 Therefore, it is ok for each and the second guest to be separated. Furthermore, it is ok to judge that the sensor has been separated when it is light-transmitting as shown in (b), but to avoid false detection and In this embodiment, the two sensors are separated after the light is transmitted. After judging that the guest is separated from the customer, the front end state of the front passenger is updated from ST 8 to ST 1 1 as in (c). The front-end status of the secondary passenger is updated from s T ! 2 to ST 7. Furthermore, the back-end status of the secondary customer is also updated to s τ 6 . As a result, the management table 73 of each of the former and the secondary customers (the sixth) In the figure, each state of the position information 7 3 b is replaced by the updated state ,, and then the position of each guest is managed according to the new state . Therefore, according to the front end position of the front passenger and the front end position of the passenger, the contact and separation of the two are managed. Through this, it is possible to correctly count the number of people passing through. In addition, the separation process after contact with three or more persons is detected, and if one of the contacts is detected from the front end to the rear end and exited from the exit, it is determined that one person has been separated. For example, in Fig. 16, (a) shows the state in which three people are in contact, and the front end state 値 is ST17 'the rear end state 値 is ST12. From this state β to the outermost side on the exit side as shown in (b) When the sensors 1 6 and 3 4 become light-transmitting, it is determined that the first person has exited 'at this point, the front-end state is updated from ST 1 7 to ST 1 5. Further, the back-end status is updated. It is ST 1 3. Thereafter, the state is managed by the contact state of two people. Next, the retracting function will be described with reference to Fig. 17. The state of each sensor shown in Fig. 2 is monitored by the CPU 71 at any time. Because of the 'transmission type photo sensor 1~1 6 , 3 1~3 4, 4 1 When 4 2 is continuously in a light-blocking state for a certain period of time (for example, 2 -26 - 1250473 minutes), it is determined that the sensor is abnormal. The abnormality is notified to the host device via the host communication unit 7 6 (Fig. 5). However, if the sensor is abnormal, as long as the number of abnormal sensors is below a certain number (for example, 2), the action of the automatic ticket checking device 5 不会 will not stop, and will continue to track the output signal from the normal sensor. The resulting migration is caused by an abnormal sensor that is always in a light-shielded state and a normal sensor that is in front of and behind it, so the position between the determined position and the actual position of the person may be There is a 1 state ( (8 cm in this case) error, this error does not cause too much problem in the actual operation, so it can be ignored. In this way, the effect of an increase in the failure rate can be suppressed by the increase in the number of sensors via the retracting function. Further, when the abnormal sensor becomes light again, the CPU 71 detects this and releases the retracting function, thereby returning to the normal operation. However, some sensors, such as the door child detection sensor, the sensorless position detection sensor, etc., are indispensable for detecting and controlling the automatic ticket checking device 50 based on the personal body. If there is an abnormality in these sensors, the sensors cannot be moved to the retracting machine β, and the automatic ticket checking device 50 is stopped. In this case, the host communication unit 76 notifies the host device that an abnormality has occurred. <Effects of the Invention> As described above, it is possible to reliably track the position of a person by the present invention, and it is possible to provide a highly reliable automatic ticket checking apparatus without erroneous detection or erroneous determination. [Simple description of the diagram] -27 -