TWI249017B - Heat temperature raising system - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a process and apparatus for transferring heat from a heat source at a first temperature to a heat sink at a second higher temperature in a phase change of a heat transfer fluid. The heat transfer fluid is subjected to a pressure variation which changes the temperature at which the phase change takes place.

Description

1249017 Λ. 修正 Correction Low-temperature heat source 偻ϋ, a method and apparatus for improving the temperature of the heat, that is, the method and apparatus for the heat-heating tank. More specifically, the present invention produces a second teaching material =: a method and apparatus for converting the heat transfer material and the vapor of the substance under the second pressure Ρ2. The "Advance Technology" will change the method according to the material when the pressure changes, the melting point of the group and the pressure piano and ★ multiple heat conduction and protection (that is, pressurizable) catheterization phase: knot. ★In these pipes, when the injection is changed under pressure, #升媒 (HTR medium). When the HTR medium is under pressure, it absorbs and stores heat at low temperatures. The boost of the HT«f release causes the media to increase in melting point, and the heat of the medium is at a high temperature around it. In this way, HTR media can be based on: f υ low temperature to raise the temperature at high temperatures. In the present invention, another heat transfer "B" CM) medium is used to assist and complete the cycle of raising the temperature from the low temperature heat source to the warm bath. The use of melting point reversal in the purification of brine is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,354,083. This method requires a large amount of high pressure and low pressure brine and medium. This method is difficult to succeed due to the difficulty of such operations. The method and apparatus for heat transfer can be used because a large amount of liquid is not required to be applied to a high pressure to melt the latent heat of the heat transfer material or to evaporate latent heat. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to provide a temperature from a certain temperature. Source, pass invention description (2)

Correction l249〇17 Five methods and apparatus for heating in hot water tanks. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for achieving heat transfer by means of a heat transfer medium which is controlled to change the temperature in phase, ::. The use of variable pressure under the cross-linking of the present invention provides a method and apparatus for reduction. The amount of liquid pressure is different from the above-mentioned prior art, and the present invention (HTR medium) is held in the catheter. By using 1{some quality: 2 f to release heat. In this way, the HTR medium can successfully raise the enemy: = In the south, it is not necessary to make a large amount of material pass through low and high pressure operations, and; f can transfer heat to the second high temperature. Then from the first bHL degree in the present invention, the high pressure zone one, the riser (HTR unit), and only, w'', 疋' and is tightly closed to the hot temperature rise at the low pressure by the heat transfer medium f and two The heat transfer between the warm tanks requires a large amount of material: the pressure medium A transport is achieved. Therefore, it is not necessary for the present invention to provide ί;:!; The warm (TL) heat source takes heat to supply the heat temperature 'the trough' includes the hot temperature rise unit f H ..., the trough HTR system medium), and the second heat transfer medium ^, and the hot temperature lifting medium (HTR ( HCM-2). The system is), and the second heating medium

Yuan's central room (HTR room; Z 2 2 two components: that is, containing HTR single and HTR room to separate, shell,] ^:! chamber, and hot tank chamber. Separating the heat source chamber, there is The hot trough chamber and the HTR htr unit should be fixed units, that is, the htr medium itself is not in

Page 5 1249017 J^ 88113850 Year 曰 Amendment V. Invention Description (3) One &one; heat source between heat source and heat sink. The HTR unit includes a heat conducting and holding tube group and an HTR medium contained in the HTR unit, and a pressurizer for pressurizing and depressurizing the HTR medium contained in the HTR unit. The pressurizer can be, for example, a mechanical compressor such as a plunger mechanism, a vapor source' or other source of compressed liquid, or any other device that can substantially act on the htr medium. The HTR medium is subjected to a cyclic operation including melting at the first pressure and the first temperature (the first HTR pressure and the first HTR temperature). The solidification is carried out at the second pressure and the second temperature (the second HTR pressure and the second HTR temperature). The first heat transfer medium HCM-1 is vaporized by heat from the heat source to form HCM-1 vapor, and the vapor flows through the first valve body device to contact the HTR unit and melt the HTR medium. Thereby the HCM-1 vapor is condensed to form an HCM-1 coagulum. Then, the second heat transfer medium HCM-2 is brought into contact with the HTR medium to solidify the HTR at the second HR pressure and temperature, thereby forming a vapor stream (HCM-2 vapor) of the second heat transfer medium. The HCM-2 steamer is released into the hot bath through the second valve body, thereby being condensed to form an HCM-2 medium cement. The condensate is then recycled to the vaporization operation as above. Note that the HTR medium should be contained in the fixed HTR unit so that the first and second HCM media exchange heat with the heat source and the heat sink. Within the scope of the present invention, the use of the same medium in both HCM-1 and HCM-2, in this transformation, forms the HCM-1 condensate formed in the low-temperature condensation operation, which can be used for high-temperature vaporization operation, and The HCM-2 condensate formed during high temperature condensation operation can also be used for low temperature vaporization operation. This HTR system can be used for chilled water and air conditioning equipment, as well as vacuum freezing, ice making, ice storage, distillation and multi-evaporation.

Page 6 1249017 Revision Month - -----^^88113850 V. Description of the Invention (4) <<Embodiment>> 22: The figure illustrates the present invention in detail. Solid and melt heat temperature rise system (HTR system), which uses cyclic condensate operation to "enhance temperature" (HTR medium), and vaporize and condense from low &amp; or multiple heat transfer media (HCM) medium). The HTR system uses I: a heat source to heat up the hot water tank. In the case of similar numbers, the operation steps are the same. In this figure and other diagrams, the heat and pressure holding guide = the same structure. In this system, the HTR medium contained in most of the derivatives is subjected to cyclical operations and undergoes a large number of HTR media. The second step of changing the pressure of the medium under the biliary 1 and the temperature THm from PHTR1 to PHTR2; U-Ci Ϊ Ϊ 第 The third step of solidifying the HTR medium under pressure Ρ_ and temperature PHTR2 [state 3~ state 4]; &lt;Digital-like medium pressure self-promotion_Change to PHTR1 step 4 [State 4 The first heat-transfer medium [HCMM medium] is from the low-temperature heat source to receive the first HCM medium vapor (Hcjj-丨 medium vapor) And condensed in the first i ^ ^ Η Η. The second heat transfer medium f (the ride quality) is heated from the HTR medium during the heat release to form the medium vapor, and the heat is condensed by the heat removal QH in the hot bath.升 / / The degree is shown in Figure 2 is the structure of the thermal temperature rise unit (HTR unit). It has several heat-conducting and pressure-maintaining ducts 2, a heat-temperature-enhancing medium (HTR medium) 3, a head and a cylinder and piston for pressurizing and decompressing HTR media. Cylinder and live =, use, of course, only one example of pressurized HTR media. Other known can be ^ 1249017 Case No. 88138850 - Year Λ § 倐 五 五 、, invention description (5) The method of life like effect can of course also use the second A picture is similar to the other thermal temperature rise unit of Figure 2, except for heat dissipation Sheet 6 is placed in each conduit to enhance heat transfer. Fig. 2B is a longitudinal structural view of the heat sink 6, and Fig. 2C is a cutaway view of the catheter 2 containing the heat sink 6. Fig. 3A is a cross-sectional view of a plurality of connecting conduits 7 formed by joining two sheets 8 of corrugated material. Adjacent conduits are joined by side flaps 9. The 3β-Fig. is similar to the cross-sectional view of most of the conduits 7 of Figure 3A, in which fins 10 are placed in each of the tubes 7 to enhance heat transfer. Figure 4A is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of a plurality of conduits or a plurality of tubes from which the conduits 7 are isolated from adjacent conduits. Fig. 4B is a cross-sectional view of a plurality of tubes similar to Fig. 4A, in which heat sinks are further disposed in each of the tubes to enhance heat transfer. Fig. 5A is a cross section of a multi-void metal block having a plurality of ducts 2, and Fig. 5B is a cross-sectional view similar to the unit of Fig. 5A, in which heat sinks 13 are disposed. 1 Note that the wall of the HTR unit (Mw), that is, the wall of the ～/,,, and other tubes (see Figure 2) and the block (see Figure 5A, Figure 5), affects the HTR = the main factor. The number of walls of the htr unit (Mw) must be kept low for the ratio of htr to s. In the first pass, when the HTR unit is heated in the second step 1, the wall (not shown) is heated from T2 to T2, and the second portion of the HTR medium is solidified to conform to the energy balance relationship. For example, the residual amount of HTR medium solidified on the upper side can be reduced and the heat release in step 3 = &gt;'. Further, in Fig. 1, when the HTR unit is cooled in step 4, ... is cooled from T2 to T1, thereby releasing sensible heat. As such, a portion of the μ HTR medium melts to conform to the energy balance relationship. Therefore, the melted htr 1249017 case number 88113850 曰 a correction 5, the invention description (6) The residual amount is reduced and the amount of heat absorbed in step 1 is reduced. This kind of problem can be called, thermal inertia problem. It must be noted that the higher the mass of the HTR unit for the HTR medium, the hotter inertia problem, the lower the HTR production and the lower the efficiency of the HTR unit. · The appropriate constituents of the HTR unit include aluminum, iron, steel, brass and other materials, and from the first heat transfer medium, including the heat transfer properties of the heat transfer medium from the HTR unit to the second heat transfer medium. The mass ratio of the non-metallic substance to the HTR medium is the lowest when the HTR of most tube assemblies is illustrated in Figures 4A and 4B. When the HTR unit is connected to the wall as illustrated in Figs. 3A and (10), the mass ratio of the wall to the HTR medium is higher. The HTR unit made of the multi-void block illustrated in Figures 5A and 5B has the highest mass ratio of the wall to the HTR medium. Thus, it is generally inappropriate to use a multi-void block because the mass ratio of the wall to the HTR medium is too high and the efficiency of the HTR operation is low, and the efficiency becomes too low, which is not very useful as the temperature rise T1 - T2 is high. Figures 6A and 6B show the HTR system, including the hot temperature rise zone [HTR zone (zone-1)], the rapid cooling zone 16 (zone-2), and the direct contact condensation zone 17 (zone-3) . Figure 6A shows that the supply liquid 21 is rapidly vaporized to produce a heat transfer medium V1 (HCM_1 vapor). The HCM-1 medium vapor then passes through an automatic valve 18 (e.g., the grid and the rotating sheet are made of a film), and is in contact with the outer surface 22 of the HTR conduit to exchange heat with the HTR medium in the HTR unit. To melt the HTR medium in THTR1 and PHTR2. Figure 6B shows the heat transfer medium in contact with the HTR unit at PHTR2 pressure and THTR2 temperature. Then the HCM-2 medium vapor is passed through the automatic valve 19 (for example, its lattice and transfer is still made of film), and is introduced into the zone _3 to contact HCM-2 steaming.

1249017 Case No. 88113850 Λ_Μ 修正 Correction V. INSTRUCTIONS (7) The gas liquid 24 is in contact with each other to heat the liquid. This system can be used to generate cold water for air conditioning and other industrial cooling operations. Figures 7 and 7 illustrate another HTR system comprising HTR zone 15 (zone-1), HCM-1 vapor generation zone 16 (zone-2) and heat source zone 26 (zone-3Β). Figure 7 illustrates that the HCM medium is brought to exchange heat with the heat source of Zone 2 to produce HCM-1 vapor in Zone 2Α. The HCM-1 vapor is condensed and the HTR medium is melted in zone 1 at THTR1 and PHTR1. Figure 7 shows that HCM-2 is used as the outer surface 23 of the island pavilion of the HTR unit, and vaporized to form HCM-2 vapor V2, and the HTR medium is solidified under THTR1 and PHTR2. Then, the HCM-2 vapor is condensed in the zone 3 through the second valve 19, and is released by the heat sink 27 in the zone -3. Figures 8 and 8 show the jjTR system used for vacuum freezing operations. Such systems are suitable for seawater desalination, industrial solution concentration, wastewater concentration, and crystallization of aqueous and non-aqueous mixtures. Such a system includes HTR zone 29 (zone-1), vacuum free zone 30 (zone-2) crystallization zone 34 (zone-3) and crystallisation wash zone 33 (zone-4). The operational steps of such a system are exemplified by seawater desalination. In Figure 8, the seawater is supplied to the degassing and heat exchange operations, and is rapidly vaporized in Zone 1 to form the first low pressure water vapor, referred to as HCM-1 vapor V1 and ice crystals 35. The pressure of the HCM-1 vapor is about 3.5 Torr, which is lower than the triple point pressure of water (4·58 torr). The turbidity formed by the ice crystals and the condensed mother liquor is supplied to the crystallization washing zone 3 3 (zone-4), and the pure ice is introduced into the zone 1-3. Low pressure steam V1 (HCM-1 vapor) is brought into contact with the HTR unit at pressure phtri and temperature THTR1. The water vapor is sublimated to form a rejuvenation (ice) 36 on the surface of the jjTR unit, and the HTR medium is melted.

Page 10 1249017 Case No. 88138850 Λ _ Β 曰 Amendment 5, Invention Description (8) In Figure 8, the HTR unit is subjected to pressure PHTR2 and temperature THTR2 to produce the second under pressure of about 5 torr (higher than the three points of water). Water vapor v2 (hcM - 2 vapor). The second water vapor V 2 is brought into contact with the ice of the zone 3, whereby the ice is simultaneously melted and the second steam V 2 is condensed as the output Liu 39. Both the condensation of the second steam V 2 and the melt of the ice 3 become purified water. The systems illustrated in Figures 9A and 9B are similar to those illustrated in Figures 8A and 8B, and the operation in this system is similar. In this system, the HCM-2 vapor is brought into contact with the pure crystal indirect in zone _3 to exchange heat. The melted liquid flows out at 47. The system illustrated by Figure 10A and Figure 1B is suitable for vacuum crystallization of aqueous and phenanthrene-based mixtures. In such a system, the HCM-2 vapor formed is condensed by the zone-3 cooling medium and the resulting crystals are not melted by the HCM-2 vapor. Such a system is particularly suitable for making ice cubes in which small ice made in Zone-2 is compressed to form ice cubes. Such a system is also applicable to the distillation cooling operations described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,218, 893, 4, 433, 558, 4, 527, 273, and 4, 579, 039, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. The 11A and 11th diagrams illustrate the multi-function evaporation system, which is included in the main operation area Z-1! Multi-function evaporator (z-ia), second multi-function evaporator (Z-1B), first HTR unit 61 in Z-2A and second HTR unit 62 in system first end Z-2B, Z-3A The HTR unit 63 is in the fourth HTR unit 64 of the second end Z-3B of the system, etc., and the HTR unit operates cyclically and the multi-function evaporator is slightly operated. The first multi-function evaporator Z-A includes, for example, nine evaporators 69-77 (ZE-1 to ZE-9) connected in series, wherein the operating pressure is from the left end ZE-1 to the right.

Page 11 j No. 88113850 1249017 Month 修正 Revision Year V. Invention Description (9) The direction of the end Z4E-9 is gradually reduced. The second multi-function evaporator z_iB includes one evaporator in series "one to ^'^ to ^'^^ where the operating pressure is gradually reduced from the right end ZE'-i to the left end ZE'-9.哎 Less than g function is also available, the actual number is selected according to operating conditions and economic factors. Four HTR units operate cyclically and act as evaporators and condensers. Four HTR units are in coordinate mode. Operation. When two HTRi 1 at each end acts as an evaporator, the other units act as a condenser. As illustrated in Figure 11A, the HTR units in Z-2A and Z-3B act as two vapors. The HTR unit in the Z-2B and Z-3A acts as two condensers. The water vapor produced is used to supply the water vapor in the two zones and the ZE, _ 丨 zone to activate the multi-function evaporation operation. The water vapor leaving the final effect zones z E _ 9 and ZE' -9 is condensed in the two jjTR units acting as a condenser. Figure 11B illustrates the same system in the other half of the cycle, where ζ_2β&amp; Z-3A The HTR unit in the middle becomes a steam generator, and the HTR unit in z_2a and z-3B becomes a condenser. Figures 12A and 12B illustrate a multi-function evaporator system as illustrated in Figures ha and 11B. In such a system, corrugated metal walls 9 6, 9 7 are used to form a falling film evaporator 89-95 And 98 - 104. Figure 1 3 illustrates an automatic valve system that can supply steam from one chamber to another without the need for any mechanical devices or electric switches. The automatic valve system is used for the screens of structural columns 1 5 and the two compartments of the transfer plate 1 〇6 (made of a film) attached to the lattice 1 〇7 are made of lattice 1 〇 7. The braid attached to the film acts as a separator between the two chambers. When the pressure of one chamber is higher than that of the other chamber, the pressure of the membrane transfer plate is automatically opened, so that the vapor is higher than the pressure.

Page 12 12490 _ Relatives 88113850_Year η Correction _ V. Description of invention (10) The first chamber of force flows to the second chamber of lower pressure. When the pressure in the second chamber becomes higher than the pressure in the first chamber, the flap can be automatically closed. The first 3 Α diagram illustrates the retainer above the vent, with a single valve formed by the membrane transfer. In nature, the heat flows from a high temperature heat source to a low temperature heat sink. The present invention uncovers methods and apparatus for retrograde natural phenomena with appropriate energy input. Theoretically, the amount of heat increase (the latent heat of the HTR medium) supplied for the increase in the temperature per unit, the amount of work input to the HTR (the applied pressure multiplied by the volume change of the HTR medium) is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature. This relationship can be

The Clausius-Clapeyron equation (Journal of Chemical Physics, Vol. 25, No. 3) is derived and can take the form of {ΔPV/AH^T} =1/T to represent the law of thermal temperature rise. The present invention is based on the principle that the melting point is variable depending on the pressure applied. Common to HTR media

Ordinarily, it is applied to the pressure of the medium. This medium can increase the melting point of the low-temperature and low-pressure medium to release the hot shell. For example, when the pressure is increased when the pressure is increased, the melting point is reduced to make the ice and the pressure When it is released, it will re-coagulate at 0 °C, and the medium absorbs heat at low temperature and releases any medium at high temperature. It can be used as any temperature-enhancing medium containing a melting point of ~3 (TC and l0 (rc== can be used in the book) Reference and presupposition, eutectic between c and mt: When T increases, its melting point increases. 4 When heat is absorbed and pressure is applied, the amount is solidified at high temperature. The β-like substance 'melting point is lowered. Ice 2 absorbs heat at a temperature of 0 °c to melt, and both types of substances exert pressure to change heat. Therefore, the melting point changes appropriately. 4. Appropriate heat temperature raises the medium dad, example #, in the case of chemical and physical Chu何何结♦ Mixture should be; mixed S can also be used as HTR media 1249017 Case No. 88113850 Μ 曰 Amendment 5, invention description (11) quality. The situation is further detailed later. In the system of Figure 1, HTR media contained in most thermal and pressure-maintaining catheters, applied to Cyclic operation through (a) the first step of melting most of the HTR medium under pressure PHTR1 and temperature THTR1 [state 1 state 2], (b) changing the pressure of the medium from PHTR1 to PHTR2 step 2 [state 2 - State 3], (c) the third step of solidifying most of the medium under pressure PHTR2 and temperature THTR2, and (d) the fourth step of changing the medium pressure from PHTR2 to PHTR1. The first heat transfer medium [HCM- 1 medium] The first HCM medium vapor is generated by heating from a low temperature heat source, and the HCM medium vapor is condensed by the heat release qL on the HTR medium in the first step. The second heat transfer medium [HCM-2 medium] is at the third stage. The step is heated from the HTR medium to form the HCM-2 medium vapor, and is condensed by the heat removal QH in the hot water bath. Referring again to Figure 1, the solid and liquid HTR medium in state 1, each (mS)HTR&amp; (mL) represented by HTR; solid and liquid HTR media in state 2, each represented by (ms)HTR2 and (mL)HTR2; solid and liquid HTR media in state 3's (ms)HTR3 and (mL ) represented by HTR3; solid and liquid HTR media in state 4, each represented by (ms)HTR4 and (mL) HTR4. Then, The heat taken by the low temperature heat source Q1 is QL= {(inL)HTR2-(mL)HTR1 } X im, where 'lm is the latent heat of melting of the HTR medium. Also, it can represent the heat negative QH for the high temperature hot tank. Then - QH = { (ms)HTR4 - (ms)HTR3 } X lm. When the HTR unit changes its temperature from !\ to THTRjf, the HTR unit releases sensible heat. Therefore, a portion of the HTR medium melts to satisfy the energy balance relationship. Therefore, (mL) htri is greater than (mL) HTR4. This allows the heat to move less from the low temperature heat source. Similarly, when the HTR unit changes its temperature from Τ_ to THTR2, the HTR unit absorbs sensible heat. Therefore, a part of the HTR medium solidifies to meet the energy balance.

Page 14 1249017 Revision

= Executive: This is wide, larger than (heart) garden. This can result in less heat being applied to the warming bath.偯赦 ^ Also added --- Case No. 88113850 V. Inventive Note (12). It can be expressed as * when the quality of the HTR catheter is high, the thermal inertia is more serious, and the temperature rises {~ The mass of the τ increases: the heat inertia problem becomes more serious. The larger the Γ_—Τ_}, the thermal inertia problem, the figure also indicates that the same object temporarily-times can be used to take the medium.

Formed by: MS operation. HCM 1 medium is subject to low temperature evaporation. Fig. 2 illustrates the improvement of hot temperature. Most heat conduction and pressure maintaining tubes 2, heat, four buckets, ... structure. It includes cylinders and pistons 5, H, and HTR media. Value/Media 3, as well as pressurization and decompression. 'The force device can also be only the piston or its pressure acting on the hot temperature lifting unit. (HTR medium) 3 is low, Tian Mingle l + knife heat, and the dish is a type A material. The temperature rises in the south to release heat. The present invention will use the latent heat form of the ceramics = low pressure melting to increase the melting point of the medium. In the high... field pressure increases, htr is released, and htr medium is H again / HTR medium latent heat is at high temperature

Then, the HTR medium can be completed, and the heat-temperature process is increased by changing the transmission/temperature of the HTR thermal temperature riser conduit. After releasing its latent heat. Therefore, the quality of the media can be quickly absorbed and the heat sink can be installed to increase the HT^R ^ = 2 must be high. Inside the duct _ A heat transfer rate in the HTR medium. Plan 2A

The HTR catheter on page 15 must be fast per unit long. Thus, each unit time 1249017 Case No. 88113f__-Year Month Day _ _ V. Invention Description (13) Solution, except that the longitudinal fins 6 are installed in the duct, like the HTR unit of Fig. 2. The figure shown in Fig. 2B is the structure of the longitudinal fin. Figure 2C shows a cut-away view of a portion of the conduit in which the longitudinal fins are mounted. The conduit of the thermal riser is made of heat transfer and pressure retaining material. There are several types of conduit configurations for the HTR unit: Figure 3A illustrates the conduit set 7 formed by joining the corrugated plates 8. Adjacent conduits are joined by side flaps 9. As illustrated in Fig. 3B, the longitudinal fins are disposed outside the catheter, as shown in Fig. 3A. Figure 4A illustrates a catheter set 7 having a substantially uniform wall thickness 8 with separate guide tubes and no associated walls between adjacent conduits. The figure shown in Fig. 4 is a unit in which a heat sink 1 is attached to the catheter. Figure 5A illustrates a multi-voided metal block that does not have a substantially uniform thickness conduit. Figure 5B illustrates the construction of a heat sink in the conduit as a constructor. In the high pressure operation of the HTR, the melting point of the HTR medium increases as the pressure increases, thereby allowing the HTR medium to release heat at a high temperature. At the same time, the outer wall of the hTR conduit will absorb the heat released by the HTR medium and also increase its temperature. After the pressure is released from the HTR, the pressure of the HTR is lowered, and the melting point of the HTR medium is lowered, which allows the HTR medium to absorb heat at a low temperature, while the outer wall of the HTR conduit is cooled by the heat release. The HTR efficiency of the HCM medium from the low temperature heat source to the high temperature heat tank is dependent on the HTR latent heat raised by the HTR batch process, minus the sensible heat used on the outer wall of the conduit. Therefore, the less the sensible heat used by the outer wall of the duct, the higher the heat temperature level of the HTR. Thus, the materials used to form the HTR with less sensible heat retention have less sensible heat loss and can increase the efficiency of the HTR. Therefore, the catheter of the above type, the multi-void block conduit constituting the HTR is preferably

Page 16 1249017 —-_ Case number?

V. INSTRUCTIONS (14) A catheter with a relatively uniform wall thickness has a sensible heat loss per unit of conduit volume. Use " :J : The tube can reduce the amount of material per unit of conduit volume Ϊ is not and does not apply to the elevated heat temperature of the HTR htr.: It is the wall thickness of the conduit, the material used in the conduit wall is more Less anti-^ by =, the sensible heat of the volume of the comparative conduit can reduce the loss of efficiency. In the parent single ▲ change the high pressure and low pressure of HTR, the temperature of the HCM medium vapor can be; thus, the HCM medium vapor can be condensed, The latent heat is heated to the HTR medium through the conduit, and the latent heat liquefies the jjTR.f. When the pressure of jjTR2 increases, the melting point of the HTR medium increases, and the htr medium transmits its latent heat at the temperature outside the HTR. Returning to HCM medium. The heat capacity of HTR depends on the speed of HTR conversion pressure between high pressure and low pressure. The conversion between high pressure and low pressure of HTR depends on the ratio of HCM medium heat transfer to HTR, or HTR medium return. The ratio of heat to HCM medium. Condensation HC Μ -1 vapor has low heat transfer resistance and low heat transfer resistance through the conduit. The main heat transfer resistance is in the heat transfer through the HTR medium itself. The rate is fast, and the heat transfer rate through the conduit wall is also fast 'but in the metal The heat transfer rate of the HTR medium in the tube is very slow. Therefore, the conversion rate of HTR between high pressure and low pressure depends on the heat transfer rate of the medium in the HTR. Therefore, in order to improve the heat transfer resistance of the HTR medium in the tube. There is a need to install a heat sink in the HTR conduit. There are various heat sinks, such as a longitudinal star heat sink and a longitudinal star heat sink with holes. There are various methods and materials for forming such a heat transfer fin. For example, a thin metal sheet can be folded into a misaligned shape and then folded into a circular shape as shown in Figure 2B to make it a longitudinal star-shaped heat sink. Those skilled in the art can choose from a variety of known patterns.

1249017

Case No. 88Π3850 V. Inventive Note (15). Such a heat sink can greatly increase the heat transfer rate of the medium in the HTR, because the star heat sink can transfer heat to the star direction of the tube. The arrangement of the heat sink can greatly reduce the heat transfer resistance of the HTR and increase the pressure conversion speed of the HTR, thereby increasing the heat capacity of the HTR. The 9-plus-heat riser (HTR) should be a fixture as long as it acts as a detector to increase the latent heat temperature of the HTR medium. It does not need to have the ability to transfer heat from a low Z source to a high temperature hot bath. Therefore, it is necessary to use one or two seedlings to extract ", (HCM medium) to assist in the heat transfer from the low temperature heat source to the high temperature heat tank. Any compound having an appropriate vapor pressure at the operating temperature can be used as the heat transfer medium. When the heat source is in direct contact or heat exchange, the Ηα-〗 medium is heated by the heat source to evaporate and become vapor. The mass vapor flows to the HTR region and condenses on the surface of the HTR. Winter i vapor on the HRE surface When coagulation, HTR medium solids melt the heat absorbed by the two R media as the potential of HTR media | | melt: 1 media, after being melted, 'apply high pressure to the picture quality, two = point ΐ: temperature. 'The high pressure applied can lead to the melting potential. Then, the HTR medium releases heat to HCM ... and rises to high temperature evaporation. HCM-2 medium goes in high..., while the force medium is directly or indirectly in gas.敎,: two slots £, &gt; and the entire process of HC^2 steaming includes the HTR unit inside: the hot tank: the batch operation of the hair; and the HCM medium into the rod γ: To raise the heat and heat. HCM medium is completed from low temperature 发 = hair, condensation, Therefore, the heat temperature rise system dish...including the heat transfer function of the heat transfer field in the high temperature heat tank, and one or two heat transfer media...., the grade riser, the heat temperature increase medium is caused by HTR The process of raising the temperature of the heat

Page 18 _______ is the process of the knife batch, and from each batch of 1249017 - case number 881〗 3 «5 Π V, invention description (16) year

The potential heat of the HTR medium is limited. Thus, when the latent heat generated by a process is insufficient to mask the sensible heat loss of the outer wall of the conduit, multiple sets of HTR systems can be used to gradually increase the operation to the desired temperature. Because there are different heat sources, there are different methods of operation. This method is as follows: When the heat source is not in direct contact with the HCM medium, a heat exchanger can be used to transfer heat. For example, in an air conditioning operation, water is used as HCM-1, and indoor air is used as a heat source to generate indirect heat exchange. When the heat source is in direct contact with the HCM medium, the HCM medium absorbs heat directly from the low temperature heat source, causing the HCM-2 medium to condense and release the heat in the high temperature heat bath. For example, a water-insoluble substance can be used as the HCM substance to remove heat from the aqueous solution. The substance to be manipulated can be supplied as HCM medium or as a heat source. For example, in the rapid evaporation of an aqueous solution, a portion of the water becomes HCM-1 and the remainder is used as a heat source. The thermochemical reaction generates heat for the evaporation of the heat transfer medium to produce HCM medium vapor. ^ There are many, and in the HTR unit shown in Figure 2, the thermal temperature rise unit}

The number of heat-conducting pressure-retaining ducts 2 is filled, and the inside of the duct 2 is filled with a heat-temperature-enhancing medium, a head 4, and a pressurizing device 5. , L

In order to improve the heat transfer rate, the star heat sink 6 such as the second AA can be shown in each heat transfer pressure maintaining conduit 2. Interior set

The entanglements θ Τ ^ 2 . ΛΑ , , . φ , , , 3Β . , 4Β illustrated in Figures 3A, 4A, and 5A are taken from the cross section of the second Α section. Plans

Page 19 1249017 ^ Amendment No. 881138M V. INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION (17) Figure 3A illustrates a plurality of connecting conduits including HTR medium 7 and a crucible 8 with a pressure-retaining wall and a connecting wall between adjacent conduits 9 Horizontal &amp; Fig. 3B is a cross-sectional view showing a plurality of connecting ducts including a medium, a connecting wall with a pressure-retaining wall, and a connecting wall between the adjacent ducts 9, and a conductive heat sheet 10 installed in the duct. Fig. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing a plurality of tubes and the like of the HTR medium 7 and the heat transfer pressure-retaining wall 8 of each of the heat-conducting tubes. There is no connecting wall between adjacent conduits. Fig. 4b is a cross-sectional view showing a majority of the tube assembly including the HTR medium 7 and the heat transfer pressure-retaining wall 8 surrounding each tube and having no connecting wall between adjacent tubes, and a heat transfer fin or the like in the tube. Fig. 5A is a cross-sectional view showing a multi-void heat transfer block composed of a plurality of tubes of the HTR medium 12. Fig. 5B is a cross-sectional view showing a multi-void heat transfer block comprising a plurality of conduits u of a medium 12 and a heat transfer fin mounted in the conduit.

The system illustrated by Figures 6A and 6B is a vapor pressure boosting system. The utility model comprises a vapor pressure lifting zone Z-1 15, a low pressure first vapor generating zone z-216' and a high pressure steam condensation zone z-3 17, and a valve body 18 connected from the zone z-2 to the zone Z-1 and Zone Z-1 is coupled to valve body 19 of zone Z-3. Fig. 6A illustrates the first step of generating the first vapor (HCM - vapor) in zone 2. Adjusting the HTR medium pressure at the first pressure (the melting temperature of the HTR medium is lower than the condensation temperature of the first vapor) 'HCM-1 vapor condenses the first vapor (HCM-1 vapor), and melts the HTR in the HTR conduit medium. When the pressure changing device is actuated, the temperature change can be controlled as the first vapor (HCM vapor) occurring in the zone 2 enters the automatic valve body 18 (made of a lattice and a film transfer plate attached to the lattice) from the first vapor ( HCM vapor) transfers heat to the HTR medium, thereby condensing the HCM-vapor in a solid or liquid form to melt the HTR medium.

Page 20, 1249017, 曰 _ _ Case No. 88] 13R.Rn V. Description of Invention (18) Figure 6B illustrates the application of pressure by actuating the pressurizing device and applying HCM-2 liquid outside the HTR conduit. In the medium, heat is transferred from the HTR medium to the heat of the liquid, and the HTR medium is solidified to evaporate the HCM-2 liquid to form a high-pressure vapor HCM_2 vapor. Through the other automatic valve body 19, the HCM-2 vapor flowing from the zone 1 to the zone 3 is in the condensation zone 3. The systems illustrated in Figures 7A and 7B are like the 6A and 6β maps plus 2 zones, the low temperature heat source zone and the high temperature heat sink zone. Figures 7 and 7/ are diagrams of systems supplied for air conditioning or for producing chilled water. The invention includes a steaming pressure lifting zone zi and a vapor generating zone Ζ_1Α and a second vapor condensing zone Ζ-3Α and a low temperature heat source zone having a low temperature heat exchange coil 2U6, and a high temperature heat sink zone containing the high temperature heat exchange coil 27. Ζ_3β. The first HCM1, which enters the heat exchange between the zone Ζ-1 and the HTR medium, condenses therein to melt and dissolve the HTR medium. In Figure 7B, the pressure is adjusted to raise the solidification temperature of the HTR and to increase the liquid outside the heat transfer tubes. Thereby, heat is transferred from the HTR medium to the liquid to solidify the HTR medium, and the second HCM-2 vapor is generated. The second HCM-2 vapor enters the z_3A zone and the air flows in the z-3B zone. The second HCM-2 vapor exchanges heat with air or water in the ζ3β region to condense and the heat is removed by outside air or cooling water. The system illustrated in Figures 8 and 8 is the same as in Figure 6 and Figure 6 / in this system, the same evaporation and freezing operation occurs to produce hcm-1 vapor and solids of the working substance. Figures 8A and 8B illustrate a system for supplying pure water. It includes a vapor pressure raising zone Z-1 and a second vapor generating zone 2-2 and a second vapor condensation zone Z-3 and a crystallization washing zone z-4. The operating substance 32 is supplied to the Z-2 zone to simultaneously produce 4HCM1 vapor and individual. The first HCM1 vapor generated in zone 2_2 enters the z-i zone and exchanges heat with the condensed htr medium.

1249017

Lmyj l I Case No. 88113850 ---- V. Invention Description (19) Quantity to melt the HTR medium. Figure 8B illustrates that the pressure is adjusted to raise the solidification temperature of the HTR media spoon and apply the liquid outside of the heat transfer tubes. Thus, heat is transferred from the HTR medium to the working liquid to solidify the HTR medium to produce the ... 2 H C Μ - 2 vapor. The washed crystals 3 3 from the Z-4 region are sent to the z _ 3 region to condense the second H C Μ - 2 vapor, thereby being melted to produce 3 g of pure water. The systems illustrated in Figures 9A and 9B are similar to those of Figure 8A and Figure 8B, and the operation of this system is the same. In this system, HCM_2 vapor is brought into indirect contact with the purified crystal of Zone 3 for heat exchange. The systems illustrated in Figures 10A and 10B are then suitable for vacuum crystallization of aqueous and non-aqueous mixtures. The HCM_2 vapor formed in this system is condensed by the cooling medium of Zone 3, and the formed crystals are not melted by ... H C Μ - 2 vapor. Such a system is particularly suitable for making ice cubes whereby the ice cubes produced in Zone 2 can be compressed to form ice cubes. Such a system is also suitable for use in the distillation freezing process invented by Zheng Jianyan and Zheng Xingwang, which are disclosed in U.S. Patents 4,218,893, 4,433,559, 4,451,273 and 4,457,093. ^ 1 1 及 and 1 1 系 diagram illustrate a multi-function evaporation system comprising a first multi-function evaporator z-ia, a second multi-function evaporator Z-1B in the main operation zone Z-1, In the first HTR unit 61 and the second HTR unit 62 in the Z^B-2A of the system, the third HTR unit in the second end Z-3A of the system and the fourth HTR unit in the Z-3B . The HTR operates cyclically while the multi-function evaporator operates slightly continuously. ° The first multi-function evaporator z - 1 A includes, for example, 9 evaporators ZE-1 - ZE - 9 (69-77) in series, and its operating pressure is from the left end ZE-1 to the right end ZE-9 The direction is gradually reduced. The second multi-function evaporator z-iB, including

Page 22 1249017 -- nickname 88113850 Year of the month Amendment 5, invention description (20) ^ two ' ~ &quot; --- 9 evaporators ZE, -1 in the direction of the left end ZE, -9 gradually reduced. The four Η T R units operate in cycles and take turns as evaporators and condensers. The four HTR units operate in a coordinate mode. When one of the two HTRs at each end acts as an evaporator, the other unit acts as a condenser. As shown in Figure 1 A, the htr units 61 and 64 in Z-2A and Z_3B are treated as 20 vapors. In the generator, the HTR units 62 and 63 in Z-2B and Z-3A are treated as 2 condensate devices. The vapor flow generated by the mouth is supplied to two ZE-1 zones and ZE, -1 zones, thereby enabling multi-function evaporation operation. The vapor leaving the final efficiency 23_9 and ZE, _9 is condensed in the two HTR units as a condenser. Figure 丨丨b diagram ❶ Circulates in the same system as the other half, in which the HTR unit in Z-2B and Z-3A becomes a steam generator and the HTR unit in Z_2A and Z-3B becomes condensed. And Fig. 12B is a diagram illustrating a multifunctional evaporation system as illustrated in the first and the eleventh. In such systems, a corrugated metal wall is used to form a falling film evaporator. The operation of such a system is as explained in Figures A and 11B. Figure 13 is an illustration of an automatic valve body system that does not have any mechanical devices or electrical switches from one chamber to another. Such a valve body system is made of a screen 105 for structural struts', and has a partition plate for two chambers, and an L·turn plate 106 (made of a film) attached to the partition plate. This partition plate with the film 1〇6 serves as a separator between the two chambers. The thin plate transfer plate 106 is pressure sensitive, and when the pressure of one chamber is higher than the other, the transfer plate is automatically opened, so that the vapor flows from the high pressure first chamber to the low pressure second chamber. When the pressure in the second chamber becomes higher than the pressure in the first chamber, it automatically closes.

Page 23 1249017 _ Case No. 88138850_年月曰 曰 Amendment _ V. Invention Description (21) Figure 13A illustrates a single vent hole made of film 106, wherein the top surface of the vent hole is attached with a gripper 10 7. The concept of the invention has a wide range of uses, such as air conditioning, water purification, distillation freezing, ice making, wastewater treatment, seawater desalination, distillation at ambient or elevated temperatures, or organic chemical purification and separation, and others* It is necessary to raise the thermal temperature from the low temperature heat source in the field of high temperature heat sinks.

Page 24 1249017 Case No. 88113850 Brief Description of the Modifications Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the HTR system of the present invention; Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the HTR unit of the present invention; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 2B is a structural explanatory view of an embodiment of a longitudinal heat sink unit of the present invention; FIG. 2C is a partial cut view of a HTR unit including a heat sink of FIG. 2B; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a plurality of connecting conduit units; Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view of a plurality of conduit units of Figure 3A, reassembled with longitudinal fins; Figure 4A is a plurality of conduit units of the present invention Another embodiment is a cross-sectional view; FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of a catheter unit of FIG. 4A, and a longitudinal heat sink; FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the multi-void metal block unit of the present invention; 5B is a cross-sectional view of a multi-void metal block unit of FIG. 5A, and a longitudinal heat sink; FIG. 6A is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the HTR system and heat transfer from the first heat transfer medium of the present invention; ; Figure 6B is the HTR system of Figure 6A And heat transfer in the heat transport medium of the second explanatory diagram; FIG. 7A of HTR-based system of the invention and from the other heat transfer medium of the first heat operation explanatory view of the embodiment;

Page 25 1249017 L , Case No. 88138850_Yearly and Monthly Correction 简单 Simple Explanation Section 7B is an explanatory diagram of the HTR system of Figure 7A and heat transfer to the second heat transfer medium; ' ” Figure 8 is the present invention An illustration of an embodiment of an HTR system and heat from a first heat transfer medium for vacuum freezing; "" Fig. 8B is an explanatory diagram of the HTR system of Fig. 8A and heat transfer to the second heat transfer medium; FIG. 9B is a diagram showing the HTR system of FIG. 9A and the heat transfer in the second 埶; FIG. 9B is a description of another embodiment of the HTR system and the first heat transfer medium of the present invention; Buying an emergency 1 1 0 A diagram is applicable to an aqueous solution and a non-aqueous mixture. Another embodiment of the HTR system and heat transfer from the P heat transport medium. Illustratively = the HTR system of the m-th diagram The 11A image of heat transfer to the second heat transfer medium is combined with the HTR unit of the present invention which is operated in the Leopard cycle - an explanatory diagram of the embodiment; the multi-function evaporation system and the ring system of the first embodiment are as shown in the figure (1) Gong (4) issued "operating in the second cycle ^ ^ ^ 'x τίλ &quot; % ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ formed the Luo film evaporation and operated in the third FIG 12Β based on the first multi-function dogwood FIG 12Α of | W ^ Xi said Class Description This function operates in the second evaporator loop

Page 26 1249017 Case No. 88113850 Revision of the monthly 图 简单 简单 “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ Medium 8 corrugated board 9 side flap 10 heat sink 11 conduit 12 HTR medium 15 hot temperature rise zone 16 hot temperature generating zone 17 vapor condensation zone 18 valve body 19 valve body 21 supply crystal 23 crystallization washing zone 26 heat source zone coil 27 hot groove coil 29 HIR zone 30 Vacuum freezing zone 32 Operating medium 33 Crystallization zone 34 Crystallization zone 36 liters of ice 39 Output water 61 1HTR unit 62 2HTR unit 63 3HTR unit 64 4HTR 69 ~ 77 78 86 : Evaporator 89 ~ 95 '98 104 : Evaporator 96 ' .97 : Corrugated metal wall 105 : : Screen 06 : Film transfer plate 107 : : Gripper

Page 27

Claims (1)

1249017 - - Case No. 88138850 A modified θ VI, the scope of the patent 1 · A method of using a hot temperature to enhance the medium to the heat sink, which includes the following steps, and heat from the heat source (a) A heat medium is used to directly or indirectly contact the heat source and from: to: the first heat transfer medium is transformed into the first heat transfer medium vapor, :, ^ 生 生 ? ?: transport f medium steam temperature is high In the hot temperature to enhance the melting point of the medium (enamel), the vapor of the medium, the steam of the heat medium, the latent heat of vaporization, after the first - the hot temperature rise device that is raised to the middle; ::j: means: a device formed by one or more conduits with a thermal temperature enhancement medium attached to a melting point of a thermally adjustable medium in a controllable tube; ^ /c) due to the first heat transport medium The heat obtained from the heat source is converted into its own latent heat, and enters the hot temperature lifting chamber. The first heat transport medium is cooled on the surface of the hot temperature lifting device and the latent heat is introduced into the hot temperature lifting device. It melts and turns the heat into the latent heat of the heat-enhancing medium, while the heat is raised. (d) The heat temperature raising medium is pressurized to raise the melting point to be opposite to the pressure, and the temperature 'the hot temperature raising medium will transfer the latent heat of fusion to the conduit, and the heat transfer medium outside the tube evaporates. The vapor of the second heat transport medium is generated, and the heat is transferred from the hot temperature raising medium to the second heat transport medium to become the latent heat of vaporization of the second medium; (e) the second heat transfer medium vapor carries the latent heat of vaporization, After the second one: reaching the second heat transfer medium cooling chamber to the valve body, the steam of the second heat transport medium directly or indirectly transfers the latent heat to the heat tank, thus completing the heat from the heat source Page 28 1249017 Case No. 88138850 曰 Amendment VII. Method of Transmitting Patent Scope to Hot Tray Patent Method No. 1, the metal conduit of the one or more devices is equipped with a heat sink to accelerate the inside of the tube. For example, if you apply for a heat transfer rate that increases the heat temperature. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the vapor of the first heat transfer medium carries the latent heat of vaporization, passes through the first one-way valve body and is cooled on the surface of the conduit of the hot temperature riser And at least melt the thermal temperature enhancing medium inside the conduit. 4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat-increasing medium in the tube is at least partially cured after being pressurized, and releasing latent heat, the latent heat of which will cause the second heat-transporting medium Vaporization, the vaporized second heat transfer medium vapor passes through the second one-way valve body to the second heat transfer medium cooling chamber, and the second heat transfer medium vapor directly or indirectly transmits the latent heat to the heat tank and cools by itself. 5. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface of the tube of the hot riser is both a cooler and an evaporator for the heat transfer medium, and when the hot riser is at a low pressure, The surface of the tube is the first heat transfer medium cooled cooler, however, when the hot temperature riser is at a high pressure, the surface of the tube is the evaporator of the second heat transfer medium evaporation. 6. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat is transferred from the heat source to the heat sink via a heat transfer medium with a heat source to the heat riser and from the hot riser to the heat sink. The hot temperature raising medium in the hot temperature riser is fixed in the duct and does not flow to the heat source or the hot tank, and the hot temperature riser itself is fixed and does not move to the heat source or the hot tank. Page 29 1249017 Case No. 88113850 曰 Amendment VI. Patent Application No. 7. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the one-way valve body is located in the first heat transfer medium steam production room and Between the thermal temperature riser chambers and between the hot temperature riser chamber and the second heat transfer medium cooling chamber, the valve body is made of iron mesh spacers and brackets, and the film is used as a valve. 8. The method according to claim 2, wherein in order to increase the efficiency of the hot-temperature lifting device, the heat transfer sheet can be installed in the tube to shorten the heat transfer distance of the heat-increasing medium in the tube, thereby increasing the heat transfer in the tube. speed. 9. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein when a step of the temperature riser fails to reach the desired temperature, the majority of the heats can be used to achieve the desired level at multiple levels. The heat temperature. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first heat transfer medium extracts heat from the air in an indirect heat extraction manner and generates the first heat transfer medium vapor. 11. The method of claim 1 or 2, which uses water as a heat source and allows water to flow into the first heat transfer medium vapor production chamber, where water will evaporate at a rapid rate to produce a first The heat of the medium is transported while the water is cooled. 1 2. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the method uses water indirectly to extract heat from the air, raises the temperature of the water, and increases the sensible heat of the water, and increases the sensible heat of the water. In the first heat transfer medium steam production chamber, the first heat transfer medium vapor is generated. 1. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first heat transfer medium vapor is produced by evaporating at least a portion of the first heat transfer medium, and the evaporation method is the first transport The heat medium evaporates and solidifies at the same time Page 30 1249017 Case No. 88113850 曰 Amendment VII. Applying for a patent range It produces a large amount of solids in the medium, 1 4. If the scope of application is No. 1 This operation is used for air conditioning steam treatment, desalting, at room temperature or high purification and Separated, or required from cryogenic authors. 1 5. In the first application of the patent scope, the operation uses the reverse heat-heating tank, thereby making the heat transfer rate of the gas-heating medium of the first heat-transfer medium. The chamber is cooled with the second heat transfer medium. 1. 7. As claimed in the patent scope, the first system includes a plurality of valves for vapor flow. 1. The valve body of the first aspect of the patent application is passed by at least one separator vapor. And the first heat transfer medium vapor. The method of item 2, wherein the distillation, ice making, seawater purification, distillation operation at waste temperature, organic compound heat source raising temperature in a high temperature heat tank or the method described in item 2, The mode of transmission is from heat transfer from a low temperature heat source to a higher temperature than the general increase. The method of the invention, wherein the heat temperature is raised between the production chamber and the hot temperature rise chamber and the one-way valve body is provided between the heat chambers. The method of item 6, wherein the valve body is in a single direction. The method of item 6 or item 17, which is made of a wire mesh as a support and is made of a film &lt;1 Page 31