1247856 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 絲結構，尤指一 本發明係有關於一種防逆轉之浮動螺 種防鬆脫的浮動螺絲具有防逆轉結構。 【先前技術】 =機：構件作結合組袭的型式分為可拆式及永久 Ί兩種’其中之永久㈣式係如銲接（weid (㈣0寺，而可拆式則如卡扣、螺絲（SCrew)等。 入=螺絲固定之結構來說’若使用在低震動頻率的場 :二甚至是不會有任何震動的場所，則以一般的螺絲直接 碟^反之’右在1^震動頻率的場合，為避免因震動造成 螺、，，糸脫落的情況，則在螺絲或螺栓上套裝彈性塾圈 (washer)，如盆型墊圈、彈簧墊圈或波形墊圈等，而可藉 由彈性塾圈之彈力以增加螺絲之正塵力，以避免螺絲在曰震 動的環境中產生鬆脫的情況。 而該螺絲與墊圈係為兩獨立的構件，於組裝時再將墊 圈套在螺絲頭下方，然後再螺入機件的螺紋孔内。但一般 墊圈與螺絲之間並無任何結合或配合的結構，僅將墊圈直 接套裝在螺絲上，而該墊圈之中心孔徑與螺絲的外徑的差 異报大，於組裝時該墊圈容易自螺絲上脫落，因此造成組 裝上的困擾。 再者’傳統螺絲的螺絲頭（screw head)係為一凸狀的結 構’於其上設有一字或十字狀的凹槽，於組裝時必須藉由 手工具如螺絲起子（screwdriver)作組裝及拆卸，因此在組 5 18305 1247856 衣^動作上較為麻須不便。如在配電盤之使 :::糸:例或拆卸螺絲，方 衣上，如此在組裝的動作上須藉由手工具作組裝 乂人貝末况則較麻煩不便。尤其是在必須 …仃拆卸維修的場所，當螺絲拆下後，套在其上的墊 圈也容易職，-旦螺絲與墊圈分開，對㈣修人員^ 不便’如墊圈容易遺失而必須事先準備符合規 二:圈，故增加事前的準備工作。又維修人員 、吊▼手套進行作業’隔著厚厚的手套並不方便拿取套 裝塾圈’而對維修人員造成困擾，故不方便維修之”收尾,， 工作0 對於必須時常檢視維修的電器或機具，在螺絲上套裝 墊圈較為麻煩不便’因此發展出具有防震動脫落且得免除 使用螺絲起子的浮動螺絲。 但在某些特定的組裝場合，用以固定的螺絲並不可被 任意！轉動拆下，如配電盤的蓋子或箱門，由於配電盤内 的電M元件不可被任意拆卸或碰觸，以避免發生危險或造 成損壞。然習知浮動縣之㈣與螺絲係結合成—體，得 以手工具或手直接拆卸該浮動螺絲，故無任何防護作用。 習知洋動螺絲雖有免使用手工具組裝的便利性，以及 免套裝墊圈之優點，但在某些特定使用場合，必須避免不 使用任何工具的狀況下被直接拆卸，因而發展出可避免被 直接拆下的單向浮動螺絲，如美國第5,642,972號、第 5,865,582號及第6,238，155號專利所揭示。 18305 6 1247856 :第1A圖及第1B圖所示之美國專利第 的早向洋動螺絲H)，係於一空心的旋鈕丨 2被 置一螺絲12(screw)，於該螺_ i2 5軸牙 凸緣122(annularflange)，且在該環凸緣122上且右—衣 &鬥棘輪13(ratChetWheel)，又於該螺 122與内棘輪13之間裝設有一㈣(、之衣凸緣 該C型彈並14夕地 n 14(C-spring) , ^ 八14之缺π兩端分別具有_ 141 (pawi) ’使該C型彈菩 口1v 別靠在螺絲12之環凸^12的下對的扣爪141分 向棘齒πη另於^、、的^凹口心及内棘輪u之單 浮汽1S ώ總、〜的疋11内套裝一浮筒15,且該 /同5 14螺絲12的螺絲頭121之^ 楫m^ 月1之間套裝有一彈簧16。 手扎央持單向浮動螺絲】〇 #(® ^ ^^^^^^Γ ^^ ^ Λ ^ Λ 11 且丧得動该凝紐】I，而固 在凝鈕11内的内棘輪13藉由C 册 絲12轉動，^ ^ 弹育14以页動該螺 轉動’如此以將螺、絲】2旋入機件 螺入機件後，該浮筒】β螺4 如此即可^ " 貝6推頂在機件的表面上， 之螺紋::二二:頂浮…^ 可免除以手工二;Γ避免單向浮動螺絲卿，並 具組裝螺絲的不便。 若要增加螺絲12螺入機件的緊 罪在螺絲】2頂端的 、再精由手- 件的結合度。 樗動，以加強螺絲12與機 右以手指央持單向浮動螺絲】〇反向旋轉退出， 18305 7 1247856 == 單ί:之扣爪141無法勾在内棘輪13之單向棘 园⑶的垂罝正面’而靠在該單向棘齒⑶的斜 該旋鈕11轉動時，並無法逆向帶動螺絲12轉動 退出，使該独u在逆轉時為空轉，如 工具的狀態下避免触意拆卸。 （免不使用 等手浮動螺絲10拆下，則必須藉由如螺絲起子 ::下 螺絲12反轉，方可將該單向浮動螺絲10旋 藉由： = 動螺絲12正向旋轉的C型彈簧14僅 正二1勾在内棘輪13的單向棘齒m上，於 口η程中之施力全部集中在該扣爪141上，使該扣 二谷易損壞。若該扣爪141因施力不#而 法再帶動螺絲12正向旋轉。 … …再者’對於製造者來說，該c型彈簧14之扣爪⑷ 須配σ σ亥内棘輪13的單向棘齒131之周節（d_ar :131之5特性等，方能使該單向棘齒131靠在兩單向棘 無法降製作精密度要批 去又该内棘輪13之單向棘齒131係為内齒形，而形成内 ::困難度高於外齒形之製造方法，相較之下使得 本相加。同樣無法降低製造成本。 對於製造廠商來說，簡化結構與減少製程以降低製造 ，係為提高市場競爭力之主要因素，而習知之單向浮 18305 I247856 動螺絲有製造成本高、結構複雜及容易損壞等缺 為業界急於改進之課題。 ’而成 【發明内容】 鑑於前述習知技術之缺失，本發明之主要目 供一種浮動螺絲具有防逆轉之功能。 、/、在提 結構本係在提供一種防逆轉之浮動螺絲 構付以手心順向轉入，而以手動工具逆向旋出。 έ士禮本^月之X目的’係在提供一種防逆轉之浮動螺今 、、、。構，得簡化結構以降低製造成本。 14 本發明之再-目的’係在提供一種防逆轉之 〜構，得有較佳之結構強度以避免損壞。 累，·，糸 較佳其::的，本發明防逆轉之浮動螺絲結構 -浮ΐ ：；向内穿置一螺絲，並在該螺絲上套裝 同且5亥浮筒係套裝在該轉筒内，又於兮絲μ 之間裝置有m… 於5亥轉筒與浮筒 環，且，㈣ 於：該轉筒内固定有-擋止 環靠入：：有一逆齒環’藉由轉動該轉筒使該擋止 产=逆齒壤以順向推轉螺絲’而反轉該轉筒其内之播止 衣罪入逆齒環，使該螺絲無法逆向反轉退出。 、牟喜：者：該擋止環包括複數個成形在其内之彈片，而該 片於順向w t 槽之環體，使該播止環之彈 筒，以^ ^靠人逆齒環的卡槽，而得以手指轉動該轉 將遠夺動螺絲轉入機件。 則該擋止環之錢向旋轉該轉筒， 在逆轉時為^ 而無法推轉螺絲，使該轉筒 為4,如此即可避免不使用工具的狀態下避免 18305 9 1247856 被任意拆卸。 若要拆卸該浮動螺絲， 上轉動，即可將該浮動螺二工具靠在螺絲的頭端 于勒螺、4拆下。因此，在無 況下無法直接以手動拆卸，而必須另以手工具了、’月 即可避免被任意拆解。 /、 I7 ’如此 【實施方式】 :下係'由特定的具體實施例說明本發明之實施方 式，熟習此技蟄之人士可由本說明書所揭示之内容輕 瞭解本發明之其他優點與功效。本發明亦可藉由 3體實施例加以施行或應用，本說明書中的各項細節： 可基於不同觀點與應用，在不㈣本發明之精神 種修飾與變更。 明之觀點，但並 以下之實施例係進一步詳細說明本發 非以任何觀點限制本發明之範w壽。 請參閱第2圖及第3圖，本發明防逆轉之浮動螺絲 2 〇，係在一轉筒2丨内穿置一螺絲2 2，並在該螺絲2 2':套 裝—浮筒23,且該浮筒23係套裝在該轉筒21内，又於哼 轉筒2!與浮筒23之間裝置有一彈簧24。其特徵在於：' = 轉筒21内固定有一擋止環25，使該擋止環乃與轉筒2厂 δ為一體，且該播止環25向内成形有複數個彈片251。另 这螺絲22上設有一逆齒環26，使該逆齒環26與螺絲22 合成一體，於該逆齒環26上環設有複設個卡槽261，如第 4圖所示。 在正常狀況下’邊擋止環2 5之彈片2 5 1係靠入逆齒環 18305 10 1247856 26的卡槽26卜如此即可直接以兩手指夾住 使該擋止環25得以順向推轉螺絲22。反之，—、，轉動， 該轉筒21時’該轉筒21内之播止環Μ的彈片右，向轉動止 入逆齒環26的卡槽261，如此即無法逆 可避免在無手工具的情況下任意拆卸浮動螺絲2。2,而 # 於得直接轉動該轉筒21以 轉^累孔，而可便於以手直接裝置浮動螺絲2〇。 ”螺絲上0的螺絲22鎖定在機件上，則得以如螺絲起； 之手工具罪在螺絲22的螺絲頭2 ，…、 鎖固在機件上。反之，若以手 於拆卸時同樣必須以手工具轉 净動螺絲20拆下。 刀J將 浮二外“當浮動螺絲20轉入機件(圖式中未表示)時，該 二Γ彈簧24的推頂而壓靠在機件的表面上，而當 轉人機件的螺孔越深時，該浮筒23越往該轉筒21 择Γ料而可藉由浮筒23屢靠在機件表面的反作用力，以 S加螺4 12的正壓力，俾可避免螺絲 [第-實施例] 座生氣、脫的1*月況。 料請ΐΐ第2圖’該逆齒環26係—體成形在螺絲U上， :=:每26與螺絲12成為-體成形的結構，以免除後 「1Λ 其成形方法可為粉末冶金或射出成型等。 I弟一貫施例] 月/，第5 ® ’係為本發明之逆歯環26與螺絲22之 只轭例，與岫一實施例不同處在於該逆齒環26 38305 11 1247856 與螺絲22係各別製造成型，再將該逆齒環以套裝择人 螺絲_h。而言亥逆齒環26得以緊配合的方式結 !2上，或於套合後再銲接，同樣得以相連: 的。 月1 < a 綜上所述，以上僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已 用以限定本發明之實質技術内容，本發明之實質技 内容係廣義地定義於下述之申請專利範圍中，任何他人办 ^之技術實體或方法，若是與下収申料㈣圍所定= 相同，亦或為同一等效變更，均將被視為涵蓋於 此申請專利範圍中。 【圖式簡單說明】 的剖ίΓ.圖係為美國專利第5,642,972號之單向浮動螺絲 第1Β圖係為美國專利第5,642,972號之單向浮 的部份立體分解圖； 圖弟2圖係為本發明防逆轉<浮動螺絲結構的剖視示意 第3圖係、為本發明p方逆轉之浮動螺絲結構的立體 不意圖； 第4圖係為本發明防逆轉之浮動螺絲結構第2圖的 剖視示意圖；以及 f 5 ®係為本發明防逆轉之浮動螺絲結構的逆齒環與 螺絲另一組合實施例。 【主要元件符號說明】 12 18305 1247856 10 單向浮動螺絲 11 旋紐 12、 22 螺絲 121 > 221 螺絲頭 122 環凸緣 122a 凹口 13 内棘輪 131 单向棘齒 14 C型彈簧 141 扣爪 15、 23 浮筒 16、 24 彈簧 20 浮動螺絲 21 轉筒 25 擋止環 251 彈片 26 逆齒環 261 卡槽1247856 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The wire structure, especially one of the inventions, relates to an anti-reverse floating screw type anti-loose floating screw having an anti-reverse structure. [Prior Art] = Machine: The type of component combined with the attack is divided into two types: detachable and permanent. The permanent (four) type is welded (weid ((四)0寺, and the detachable type is like buckle, screw ( SCrew), etc. In the structure of the screw=fixed structure, if it is used in a field with low vibration frequency: two, even if there is no vibration, the normal screw is used directly on the disc ^the right is at the vibration frequency of 1^ Occasionally, in order to avoid the snail caused by vibration, if the sputum is detached, an elastic washer such as a basin washer, a spring washer or a wave washer may be placed on the screw or the bolt, and the elastic loop may be used. Elastic force to increase the positive dust force of the screw to avoid the looseness of the screw in the vibrating environment. The screw and the washer are two separate components, and the gasket is placed under the screw head during assembly, and then Screw into the threaded hole of the machine. However, there is usually no joint or fit between the washer and the screw. Only the washer is directly fitted on the screw, and the difference between the central aperture of the washer and the outer diameter of the screw is large. The mat when assembled The ring is easy to fall off from the screw, which causes troubles in assembly. Furthermore, the 'screw head of the conventional screw is a convex structure' with a groove or a cross-shaped groove on it. It must be assembled and disassembled by hand tools such as screwdrivers, so it is inconvenient to behave in group 5 18305 1247856. For example, in the switchboard:::糸: or disassemble the screws, squares, In this way, it is more troublesome and inconvenient to assemble the squatting by the hand tool. Especially in places where it is necessary to disassemble and repair, when the screw is removed, the gasket placed on it is also easy to work. - The screws are separated from the washers. (4) Repair personnel ^ Inconveniences. If the washers are easily lost, they must be prepared in accordance with the regulations 2: laps, so the preparatory work is added beforehand. The maintenance personnel and the hoisting gloves are used for the work. Gloves are not convenient to take the set of the ring and cause trouble to the maintenance personnel, so it is not convenient to repair the "close", work 0 for the electrical appliances or implements that must be constantly checked for repair, the washers on the screws are more Trouble is inconvenient. Therefore, a floating screw with anti-vibration and anti-vibration is developed. However, in some specific assembly situations, the screw for fixing can not be arbitrarily removed. For example, the cover or the door of the switchboard Since the electric M component in the switchboard cannot be arbitrarily disassembled or touched to avoid danger or damage, it is known that the floating county (4) is combined with the screw system, and the floating screw can be directly removed by hand tools or hands. Therefore, there is no protection. Although the Yangyang screws have the convenience of using hand tools for assembly and the advantages of the kit-free gasket, in some specific applications, it must be prevented from being directly disassembled without using any tools. One-way floating screws that can be avoided are directly removed, as disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,642,972, 5,865,582, and 6,238,155. 18305 6 1247856: The early-facing eccentric screw H) of the U.S. patent shown in Figs. 1A and 1B is attached to a hollow knob 丨 2 by a screw 12 (screw) on the sill _ i2 5 axis a flange 122 (annular flange), and on the ring flange 122 and right-clothing & ratchet wheel 13 (ratChetWheel), and between the screw 122 and the inner ratchet 13 is provided with a (four) (, clothing flange C-type bomb and 14 eve n 14 (C-spring), ^ VIII 14 lack π both ends have _ 141 (pawi) 'Let the C-type bombs 1v do not lean on the ring 12 of the screw 12 The lower pair of claws 141 are divided into the ratchet teeth πη and the inner and outer ratchets of the single floating steam 1S ώ total, ~ 疋 11 set a pontoon 15, and the same with the 5 14 screws 12 screw head 121 ^ 楫m ^ between the month 1 set with a spring 16. Hand tied with a one-way floating screw 〇 # (® ^ ^^^^^^Γ ^^ ^ Λ ^ Λ 11 and lost The button is moved, and the inner ratchet 13 fixed in the button 11 is rotated by the C-book wire 12, and the ball is rotated 14 to rotate the screw. Thus, the screw and the wire are screwed into the machine. After screwing into the machine, the pontoon] β screw 4 can be used ^ " Bay 6 push top in the machine On the surface, the thread:: 22: top float...^ can be exempted from manual two; Γ avoid one-way floating screw, and has the inconvenience of assembling screws. To increase the screw 12 screw into the machine's tight sin in the screw] 2 The top end, refine the joint degree of the hand-piece. Tilt, to strengthen the screw 12 and the right side of the machine with the finger holding the one-way floating screw] 〇 reverse rotation to exit, 18305 7 1247856 == single ί: the claw 141 can not be hooked on the front side of the one-way spine (3) of the inner ratchet 13 and the knob 11 of the one-way ratchet (3) is rotated, and the screw 12 cannot be reversely rotated to exit, so that the single u is reversed. It is idling, such as avoiding disassembly during the state of the tool. (If you do not use the hand floating screw 10 to remove it, you must use the screwdriver:: the lower screw 12 to reverse, the one-way floating screw 10 By means of: = the C-shaped spring 14 of the positive rotation of the moving screw 12 is only positively hooked on the one-way ratchet m of the inner ratchet 13, and the force applied in the mouth η is concentrated on the claw 141, so that the buckle Ergu is easily damaged. If the claw 141 is driven by the force, the screw 12 is rotated forward. For the manufacturer, the claw (4) of the c-type spring 14 is to be fitted with the knuckle of the one-way ratchet 131 of the σ σ inner ratchet 13 (d_ar: characteristic of the fifth of the 131, etc., in order to enable the one-way ratchet The teeth 131 can not be lowered by the two unidirectional thorns, and the unidirectional ratchet 131 of the inner ratchet 13 is internally toothed, and the inner: the manufacturing method is more difficult than the external tooth shape. In contrast, this adds up. It is also impossible to reduce manufacturing costs. For manufacturers, simplifying the structure and reducing the process to reduce manufacturing is the main factor to improve the market competitiveness. The conventional one-way floating 18305 I247856 moving screw has high manufacturing cost, complicated structure and easy damage. The topic of improvement. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-described shortcomings of the prior art, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a floating screw having a function of preventing reversal. / /, in the structure of the system is to provide a anti-reverse floating screw structure to the palm of the hand forward, and the manual tool reverse rotation. The Gentleman's Book of the Moon is designed to provide an anti-reverse floating snail. The structure is simplified to reduce manufacturing costs. 14 The re-purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-reverse structure which has better structural strength to avoid damage. Tire, ·, 糸 preferably::, the anti-reverse floating screw structure of the present invention - floating raft:; insert a screw inward, and set the same on the screw and the 5 liter pontoon is set in the drum Between the 兮丝μ, there is a m... in the 5 hai drum and the pontoon ring, and (4) in: the drum is fixed with a -stop ring:: there is a reverse tooth ring 'by turning the turn The cylinder stops the production of the gear = the reverse tooth pushes the screw in the forward direction, and reverses the rotation of the drum into the reverse gear ring, so that the screw cannot be reversely reversed and exited.牟喜:: The stop ring includes a plurality of elastic pieces formed therein, and the piece is in the ring body of the forward wt groove, so that the bullet ring of the broadcast ring is controlled by the human reverse ring The card slot, and the finger can be rotated to turn the far-moving screw into the mechanism. Then the money of the stop ring rotates the drum, and when it is reversed, it can't push the screw, so that the drum is 4, so as to avoid the 18305 9 1247856 being arbitrarily disassembled without using the tool. To remove the floating screw and turn it up, the floating screw tool can be removed from the head end of the screw by the screw. Therefore, it is impossible to remove it manually by hand, but it must be done with another hand tool, and it can be avoided by arbitrarily dismantling. [Embodiment] [Embodiment] The following is a description of the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can understand the other advantages and advantages of the present invention from the disclosure of the present disclosure. The present invention may be embodied or applied by the three-body embodiment, and the details of the present invention may be modified and changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The following examples are intended to further illustrate the present invention in any way that limits the scope of the invention. Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the anti-reverse floating screw 2 本 of the present invention is provided with a screw 2 2 in a drum 2 ,, and in the screw 2 2': a set-float 23, and The pontoon 23 is fitted in the drum 21, and a spring 24 is disposed between the tumbling cylinder 2! and the pontoon 23. It is characterized in that: ' = a retaining ring 25 is fixed in the drum 21 so that the retaining ring is integrated with the drum 2 δ, and the retaining ring 25 is formed with a plurality of elastic pieces 251 inwardly. Further, the screw 22 is provided with a reverse tooth ring 26, and the reverse toothed ring 26 is integrated with the screw 22. The reverse toothed ring 26 is provided with a plurality of locking slots 261, as shown in Fig. 4. Under normal conditions, the elastic piece 2 5 1 of the side stop ring 2 5 is inserted into the slot 26 of the reverse tooth ring 18305 10 1247856 26, so that the two fingers can be directly clamped so that the stop ring 25 can be pushed forward. Turn the screw 22. On the other hand, when the drum 21 is rotated, the spring of the broadcast ring in the drum 21 is right-handed, and the slot 261 of the reverse ring gear 26 is turned to the rotation, so that it can be avoided in the hand-free tool. In the case of arbitrarily disassembling the floating screw 2. 2, and # directly rotating the drum 21 to turn the hole, it is convenient to directly install the floating screw 2 以 by hand. "The screw 22 on the screw is locked on the machine, so it can be screwed up; the hand tool is screwed on the screw head 2 of the screw 22, ..., and locked on the machine. Conversely, if it is removed by hand, it must also be Remove the brush by the hand tool. The knife J will float outside. When the floating screw 20 is turned into the machine (not shown), the second spring 24 is pushed against the machine. On the surface, when the screw hole of the turning mechanism is deeper, the pontoon 23 is selected to feed the drum 21, and the reaction force of the pontoon 23 repeatedly on the surface of the machine member can be used to add the screw. The positive pressure, 俾 can avoid the screw [the first embodiment] seat anger, take off 1 * month condition. Please refer to Figure 2, 'The reverse toothed ring 26 is formed on the screw U. :=: Every 26 and the screw 12 are formed into a body-shaped structure to avoid "1". The forming method can be powder metallurgy or injection. Forming, etc. I have consistently applied the example] Month/, the 5th '' is a yoke example of the reverse loop 26 and the screw 22 of the present invention, and the difference from the first embodiment is that the reverse toothed ring 26 38305 11 1247856 The screws 22 are separately manufactured and molded, and the counter-toothed ring is set as the set screw _h. In the case that the counter-toothed ring 26 is tightly fitted, it is connected, or welded after the nesting, and is also connected. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and has been used to define the technical contents of the present invention. The technical contents of the present invention are broadly defined in the following patent application. In the scope, any technical entity or method of any other person's work shall be deemed to be covered by the scope of this patent if it is the same as or equal to the same as the acceptance of the application (4). Description] The unidirectional floating screw of U.S. Patent No. 5,642,972 Figure 1 is a partially exploded perspective view of the one-way float of U.S. Patent No. 5,642,972; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the anti-reverse rotation of the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic view of the present invention. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the floating screw structure of the anti-reverse rotation of the present invention; and f 5 ® is the reverse tooth ring of the anti-reverse floating screw structure of the present invention. Another combination of screws. [Main component symbol description] 12 18305 1247856 10 One-way floating screw 11 Rotary 12, 22 Screw 121 > 221 Screw head 122 Ring flange 122a Notch 13 Inner ratchet 131 One-way ratchet 14 C-type spring 141 claws 15, 23 floats 16, 24 spring 20 floating screws 21 drum 25 stop ring 251 spring 26 reverse tooth ring 261 card slot
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