1238584 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1 ) 發明所屬之技術領域 本發明係關於搭載於空氣調節用機器之壓縮機等之壓 縮機用無電刷D C馬達及其驅動控制裝置。 先前技術 作爲此種壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達（以下，爲了簡化 說明及圖面，簡稱無電刷D C馬達），例如，第4圖所示 者爲眾所周知者。此無電刷D C馬達1 〇，係具有由圓周 方向分成6等分之位置分別向徑向內側突出之磁極2 ，由 捲繞有對圖示省略之相繞組所成之定子1 ，與在圓周方向 4等分之位置分別所形成之磁鐵插入孔收容永久磁鐵9所 形成之轉子5所構成。 此中，形成於定子1之磁極2，係分別將磁通密度之 分布以所需形態來製成，同時也具有以機械性支撐相繞組 之作用的磁極片3。又，收容於轉子5之永久磁鐵9，係 形成爲內側與外側之面爲約略同心之圓孤面，將外側之圓 孤面以朝向迴轉中心來收容。亦即，同樣形狀之磁鐵插入 孔爲設於轉子5之鐵心部分，永久磁鐵9係插著於該磁鐵 插入孔。因此，永久磁鐵9外側爲形成轉子鐵心外周部6 ，相鄰之永久磁鐵9互相間之鐵心係成爲轉子鐵心外周部 6連結於轉子鐵心內周部8之轉子鐵心連結部7。這些永 久磁鐵9之外周部分分別依S，N，S，N之順序形成4 個磁極。 當驅動此無電刷D C馬達時，具有輸出直流電壓之直 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） ----：---1Τ------ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -4- 1238584 經濟部智慧財產局8工消費合作社印製 A7 __B7 五、發明説明（2 ) 流電壓電路，及將此直流電壓電路之輸出電壓轉換爲模擬 三相交流之開關電路。第5圖係表示這種驅動控制裝置之 一例之電路圖。於該圖’父流電源1 1之交流電壓，是由 作爲全波整流電路等所形成之直流電壓電路之正向轉換電 路1 2轉換爲直流’所得到之直流電壓係被供給於開關電 路1 3。開關電路1 3係具有6個開關元件W +，W —， V+，V —，U +，U —，其中，開關元件w +與W —分別 成對，以呈電流之上游側與下游側之關係串聯接續於正向 轉換電路1 2的輸出端，同樣地，開關元件V +與V -， U +與U -分別成對，以呈電流之上游側與下游側之關係 串聯接續於正向轉換電路1 2的輸出端。並且，串聯電路 之各開關元件之相互接續點爲將無電刷D C馬達之各相繞 組接續於成爲星形接續之外部接續端子a ，b ，c。並且 ，於開關元件W +，W —，V+，V —，U +，U —分別逆 向並聯地接續於有回流用之二極體。 在此，開關電路1 3之一個串聯電路之上游側開關元 件及另一串聯電路之下游側開關元件之中，一方爲被連續 〇N另方爲被斷續〇N，並且，藉依序切換此成連續〇N 及斷續〇N之開關元件，無電刷D C馬達1 0之各相繞組 將依序被通電。由於對此各相繞組之通電，從各相繞組會 產生旋轉磁場。藉由此旋轉磁場與轉子所產生之磁場之相 互作用而使轉子5迴轉。 隨著轉子5之迴轉，在非通電狀態之相繞組會感應電 壓。取出此感應電壓，加於位置檢測部1 4。位置檢測部 衣----^---1T------ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -5- 1238584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（3 ) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1 4係從感應電壓之變化來檢測轉子之迴轉位置將位置訊 號加於控制部1 5。又，於位置檢測部1 4，係比較非通 電狀態之相繞組所產生之感應電壓之電位與預先所定之基 準電壓電位，當兩電位交叉時，係以該時間點之轉子迴轉 位置做爲基準迴轉位置而被檢測出來。如此地，因應所檢 測出之基準迴轉位置，控制部1 5係對於各相繞組之通電 切換，亦即，控制整流之時間。並且，藉由反覆此通電切 換，轉子便繼續迴轉。 在此，位置檢測部1 4係將以正向轉換電路1 2之直 流輸出電壓作爲動作電源，對於相繞組之中心點，輸入暫 時性處於非通電狀態之相繞組之端子電壓來檢測轉子之迴 轉位置。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製1238584 Printed by the Consumer Property Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (1) Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a brushless DC motor for a compressor mounted on a compressor, etc. of an air conditioning machine, and its drive. Control device. In the prior art, as a brushless DC motor for such a compressor (hereinafter, the brushless DC motor is abbreviated for simplicity of description and drawings), for example, the one shown in FIG. 4 is well known. This brushless DC motor 10 has magnetic poles 2 which protrude radially inwardly at positions that are divided into six equal parts in the circumferential direction, and a stator 1 formed by winding phase windings which are omitted from the illustration, and in the circumferential direction. The magnet insertion holes formed at the four equal positions are formed by accommodating the rotor 5 formed by the permanent magnet 9. Here, the magnetic poles 2 formed in the stator 1 are each made of a magnetic flux density distribution in a desired form, and also have magnetic pole pieces 3 that mechanically support the phase windings. The permanent magnets 9 accommodated in the rotor 5 are formed so that the inner and outer surfaces are approximately concentric circular solitary surfaces, and the outer circular solitary surfaces are accommodated toward the center of rotation. That is, a magnet insertion hole of the same shape is a core portion provided in the rotor 5, and a permanent magnet 9 is inserted into the magnet insertion hole. Therefore, the outer periphery of the permanent magnet 9 forms the rotor core outer peripheral portion 6, and the cores between adjacent permanent magnets 9 become the rotor core outer peripheral portion 6 and the rotor core connecting portion 7 connected to the inner peripheral portion 8 of the rotor core. The permanent magnets 9 form four magnetic poles in the order of S, N, S, N on the outer periphery. When driving this brushless DC motor, the size of the straight paper with output DC voltage applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ----: --- 1T ------ (please first Read the notes on the back and fill out this page) -4- 1238584 Printed by A8 __B7, 8 Industrial Cooperative Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (2) Current voltage circuit, and the output voltage of this DC voltage circuit is converted to analog Three-phase AC switching circuit. Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an example of such a drive control device. In the figure, the AC voltage of the parent current power source 1 1 is converted to DC by a forward conversion circuit 12 that is a DC voltage circuit formed as a full-wave rectifier circuit and the like. The DC voltage obtained is supplied to the switching circuit 1. 3. The switching circuit 1 3 has 6 switching elements W +, W —, V +, V —, U +, U —, among which the switching elements w + and W — are paired to represent the upstream and downstream sides of the current. The relationship is connected in series to the output of the forward conversion circuit 12. Similarly, the switching elements V + and V-, U + and U-are paired respectively, and are connected in series to the forward direction in a relationship between the upstream side and the downstream side of the current. Output of the conversion circuit 1 2. In addition, the mutual connection point of the switching elements of the series circuit is to connect the windings of the brushless DC motors to the external connection terminals a, b, and c which are star connections. And, the switching elements W +, W-, V +, V-, U +, U- are connected in reverse and parallel to the diodes for recirculation, respectively. Here, among the upstream switching elements of one series circuit of the switching circuit 13 and the downstream switching elements of the other series circuit, one is successively ON and the other is intermittent ON, and is sequentially switched by With this continuous ON and intermittent ON switching elements, the windings of each phase of the brushless DC motor 10 will be energized in sequence. Due to the energization of the windings of each phase, a rotating magnetic field is generated from the windings of each phase. The rotor 5 is rotated by the interaction between the rotating magnetic field and the magnetic field generated by the rotor. As the rotor 5 rotates, voltage is induced in the phase windings in the non-energized state. Take out this induced voltage and apply it to the position detection unit 1 4. Position detection department clothing ---- ^ --- 1T ------ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm)- 5- 1238584 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (3) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 1 4 It detects the rotation position of the rotor from the change of induced voltage and adds the position signal to the control unit 15. The position detection unit 14 compares the potential of the induced voltage generated by the phase windings in the non-energized state with a predetermined reference voltage potential. When the two potentials cross, the rotor rotation position at that time is used as a reference. The swivel position is detected. In this way, in accordance with the detected reference turning position, the control section 15 switches the energization of each phase winding, that is, controls the time of rectification. And by repeatedly turning on and off, the rotor continues to rotate. Here, the position detection unit 14 uses the DC output voltage of the forward conversion circuit 12 as the operating power source. For the center point of the phase winding, the terminal voltage of the phase winding that is temporarily in a non-energized state is input to detect the rotation of the rotor. position. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs
第6圖係表不構成位置檢測部1 4之3相的檢測電路 當中，其中丨相之檢測電路之詳細情形，當U相繞組處於 非通電狀態時，從中性點所視U相繞組之端子電壓V u，爲 例如，施加於由低通濾波器所形成之類比濾波器1 4 1 ， 並且’此類比瀘波器1 4 1之輸出爲加於比較器1 4 2之 非反相輸入端子（+ )之外，中性點電壓V P爲直接施加於 比較器1 4 2之反相輸入端子（一）。比較器1 4 2係加 於反相輸入端子（-）之電壓作爲基準電壓，加於非反相 輸入端子（+ )之電壓，亦即通過濾波器所得到之U相繞 組之端子電壓爲較基準電壓爲低時輸出邏輯、、〇 〃之訊號 ’與基準電壓電位相同或較其爲高時輸出邏輯1 〃之訊 號。現在，以中性點作爲接地者若將其電壓當成零時，U 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -6- 1238584 A7 _ B7 五、發明説明（4 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 相繞組之端子電壓爲與中心點電壓交叉之點，亦即，比較 器1 4 2之輸出訊號之邏輯電位在零交叉點會變化。此變 化點便做爲無電刷D C馬達1 〇之轉子之迴轉位置而被檢 測。 第7圖係表示U相繞組之端子電壓V υ，與中性點v p ，與通過類比濾波器1 4 1後之端子電壓V f a之關係之波 形圖。亦即，於通電停止期間，電壓E u被誘導感應，感應 電壓E II之電位與中性點電壓V p之電位交叉之點所謂零交 叉點P及Q係成爲轉子之迴轉位置而被檢測出。原本，由 來自轉子之磁極所產生之磁通之感應電壓雖然應該是使用 實線與虛線所示之正弦波狀，但是，由於存在有整流之通 電停止期間與通電期間，所以，以實線所示之端子電壓V U 施加於類比濾波器1 4 1，以虛線所示之電壓V f a施加於 比較器1 4 2。此時，通過類比濾波器1 4 1後之電壓 V f a之波形，係與端子電壓V u之波形相較具有9 0度之 相位延遲，關於端子電壓V f a與中性點電壓V p之零交叉 點，也與端子電壓V u與中性點電壓V P之零交叉點相較產 生9 0度之相位延遲。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 發明內容 【發明所欲解決之問題】 在如上述無電刷D C馬達與其驅動控制裝置所構成之 馬達系統中，產生第7圖之零交叉點P之時間點，係無電 刷D C馬達1 〇之轉子位置位於第8圖之狀態時。亦即， 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -飞· 1238584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（5 ) 在V相與W相之相繞組4流動圖示方向之電流，在u相之 相繞組4爲處於沒有流動電流之狀態時。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 另一方面，交鏈於U相繞組之磁通不只是永久磁鐵9 ，也有繞線電流之磁動勢之所謂電樞磁動勢所產生的磁通 ，作爲此一部分，如第9圖所示具有從W相之磁極2通過 轉子鐵心連結部7到達U相之磁極2之磁通P ^。第1 0圖 是表示較第9圖之情形稍後之定子1及轉子5之相關位置 ，但由於從第9圖到第1 0圖之過程中，轉子鐵心連結部 7不再相對向於U相之磁極2，從W相之磁極2通過轉子 鐵心連結部7而通匝於U相磁極2之相繞組之磁通驟減， 使得感應電壓E u如第1 1圖所示地在中性點電壓V p附近 振動。 該電樞磁動勢之磁通驟變所引起之感應電壓Eu的振動 ，一般而言是隨著磁極2之磁極片3的厚度與轉子鐵心連 結部7的寬幅之增大而變大。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 由於此感應電壓E u之振動，通過類比濾波器1 4 1後 之端子電壓波形就如第1 1圖之V f b，與沒有振動時之波 形V f a相較以較快的時間到達中心點電壓V p之電位，因 而造成對應於僞零交叉點P b而檢測出錯誤之零交叉點P。 亦即，無論有或無類比濾波器1 4 1，對於轉子5之 迴轉位置檢測都會發生錯誤，因此難以正確地驅動無電刷 D C馬達。 又，位置檢測部1 4爲不具類比濾波器方式時，會造 成感應電壓E u之振動部分提早交叉於中心點電壓V p之電 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -8- 1238584 A7 ______ B7 五、發明説明（6 ) 位之事態而導致錯誤地檢測出零交叉點p b。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明爲考慮上述情形所發明者，其係可抑制由電樞 磁動勢之漏磁通所引起之感應電壓之振動，藉此，提供一 種不容易發生驅動異常之壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達及其驅 動控制裝置。 【解決問題之手段】 有關申請專利範圍第1項之壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達 ，其特徵爲備有；將η作爲2以上之整數，具有將從圓周 方向3 η等分之位置分別向徑向方向內側突出之基部磁極 ，爲具有分別從基部內側端部向圓周方向延伸所成之磁極 片，在磁極分別捲裝相繞組所成之定子，與在將圓周方向 2 η等分之位置分別所形成之磁鐵插入孔收容永久磁鐵， 將在圓周方向所視之永久磁鐵間之部位，連結鐵心內周部 與外周部連結部之轉子，將磁極片之徑向平均厚度成爲在 非通電狀態之相繞組之感應電壓之零交叉附近之電壓波形 不發生振動之厚度。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 有關申請專利範圍第2項之發明係如申請專利範圍第 1項之壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達，其中將視成η = 2，磁 極係形成於圓周方向之6處所，將磁極片之前端部厚度成 爲約1 m m以下，不僅向基部慢慢地增厚，並且，將與磁 極片之徑向外側面鄰接之基部所成之角度定爲1 3 0度以 下。 有關申請專利範圍第3項之發明係如申請專利範圍第 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -9- 1238584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（7) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 1項之壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達，其中將視成^ = 2，磁 極係形成於圓周方向之6處所，將磁極片之前端部厚度成 爲約1 m m以下，並且，連結磁極片前端部外側之點與磁 極片基部之連結部之連結線，與基部側面所成之角度成爲 1 3 ◦度以下。 有關申請專利範圍第4項之發明係如申請專利範圍第 1項之壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達，其中將轉子之連結部之 圓周方向之寬度成爲2 m m以下。 有關申請專利範圍第4項之發明，因將轉子之連結部 之圓周方向之寬度爲2 m m以下，所以不必將轉子連結部 寬度縮小至比所需還要窄隘，可得到防止鐵心在冲孔下料 時操作效率的降低或轉子之強度降低之益處。 有關申請專利範圍第5項之發明係如申請專利範圍第 1項之壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達，其中將非通電狀態之相 繞組之感應電壓與基準電壓直接比較來檢測出轉子之迴轉 位置。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 有關申請專利範圍第5項之發明，因爲是將非通電狀 態之相繞組之感應電壓與基準電壓直接比較來檢測出轉子 之迴轉位置，所以，可得到迴轉位置檢測部之構成簡單化 之驅動控制裝置。 實施方式 【發明之實施形態】 茲就本發明依據圖示之較佳實施形態詳細說明如下° 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） -1〇 · 1238584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（8 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 第1圖係爲了表示有關本發明之壓縮機用無電刷D C 馬達1 0 —實施形態之構成，從軸向所視之定子1之部分 側面圖。在此，於定子1係在對於其軸心〇將圓周方向分 成6等分之假想軸X上分別向徑向內側形成6個具有突出 基部2 c之磁極2。在這些磁極2分別設有從各個基部2 c之徑向內側端部向圓周方向延伸所成之磁極片3 ，藉由 此磁極片3將磁通密度分布以所需形態來製成，同時具有 以機械性地支撐相繞組之作用。 上述磁極2及磁極片3之對向於轉子之端面，係分別 形成有對應於轉子外徑，爲所定半徑R之圓筒面之一部分 。磁極2係具有以軸X爲中心分配於兩側互相平行之側面 2a ，2b。又，磁極片3係對於前端部厚度T具有愈向 基部2 c厚度愈增加之形狀，此磁極片3之徑向外側面3 a係爲捲繞相繞組之面。鄰接之磁極2之各磁極片3前端 部之互相間隔視爲G時，此間隔G係例如可選擇以能夠捲 繞成相繞組之最小尺寸。相對於此定子1，所使用之轉子5 於第1圖係雖然省略圖示，但請參照第8，第9 ，第1 0 圖，爲收容4個永久磁鐵9所構成之轉子5。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 如上述，依據電樞fe動勢磁通造成驟變之感應電壓E 11 之振動，係依磁極2之磁極片3之厚度與轉子鐵心連結部 7之寬度分別愈大會變成愈大之經驗爲基礎，對此發明人 等嘗試了種種測試。 此時，將轉子之直徑成爲6 0 m m，將連結轉子鐵心 內周部與外周部之連結部在圓周方向的寬幅，從保證具有 -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 1238584 A7 _ B7 五、發明説明（9 ) 充分強度之觀點以形成爲2 m m或較此爲稍窄。 另一方面，於定子1 ，若將欲冲孔下料之鐵板厚度使 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 用◦· 5 m m時’磁極片3前端部之厚度τ之最小値就被 限制爲0 . 5〜1 · 0 m m。於本實施形態係將前端部厚 度使用1 · 0 m m，將前端部之位置固定於同一位置，成 爲楔狀之磁極片3之根幹部分之厚度，亦即，將平均厚度 改變成3種類觀測了感應電壓波形。按，作爲磁極片3之 平均厚度之表現，係使用磁極片3之徑向外側面3 a ，與 鄰接此外側面3 a之磁極2基部2 c之側面2 a所形成之 角度。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 如圖示，可得知若縮小外側面3 a與側面2 a之角度 時，磁極片3之平均厚度就變薄，相反地，增大平面3 a 與側面2 a之角度時，磁極片3之平均厚度會變厚。於是 在此，製作了此角度爲◦度，02=130度， 0 3 = 1 4 5度之3種類之定子，將其他條件設爲相同，測 定了相繞組之端子電壓時，得到了第2圖所示電壓波形A ，B，C。針對於該等電壓波形之中之感應電壓，對於Θ 3 二1 4 5度之磁極時，感應電壓就在中性點電壓V p附近振 動，對於Θ 2 = 1 3 5度之磁極時，感應電壓的波形在中性 點電壓V p附近變形而提早交叉，對於0 = 1 2 0度之磁 極時，正弦波電壓則與中性點電壓V p約同一時刻與中性點 電壓V P交叉。 此結果，由於電樞磁動勢磁通之驟變造成感應電壓E u 之振動，若藉由將磁極2之磁極片3之平均厚度變薄即可 -12- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） 1238584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1Q) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 去除。換言之，只要將厚度製成在非通電狀態之相繞組之 感應電壓零交叉附近之電壓波形不會發生振動之厚度者就 可以，如本實施形態將磁極2於圓周方向設置6處所，將 磁極片3前端部之厚度製成爲約略1 m m以下時，藉將磁 極片3之徑向外側面3 a與上述基部之側面2 a所成角度 成爲1 3 0度以下就可防止電壓波形的振動，1 2 0度爲 最佳，從磁極片3之強度所視可說是最佳之設計。 第3圖（a) ， （b)係爲了表示有關本發明之壓縮 機用無電刷D C馬達之其他實施形態之構成，從軸向所視 定子1之部分側面圖。其中，（a )所示者爲將磁極片3 之徑向外側面形成爲階段狀，隨著從其前端愈向基部將其 厚度改變爲t i，t 2 ( > t i ) ，t 3 ( > t 2 )者，如（ b )所示者係使磁極片3之徑向外側面，形成有約略與其 內側面爲相等或較其具稍小半徑R ’之圓孤面者。第3圖 (a ) ， （ b )之任一情形，都是將連結磁極片前端部外 側之點與磁極片基部之連結部之線，與基部2 c之側面2 a所成之角度β成爲1 3 0度以下者，藉此，就可得到如 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 a 變 向爲子鐵 C 當 方，定磁 圖適 周 2 之之 3 可 圓極 3 成 第係 將磁片形 然數 在之極所 當段 ； 出磁別 ， 之 有突之分 此成 備側成置 在形 了 內所位 。 所 明向伸之 果面 說徑延分 效側 係向向等 之外 ，朝方 4 樣向 態別周成 同徑 形分圓分 態之 施處向向 形 3 實置部方 施片 述位端周 實極 上之前圓 示磁 於分從將 所之。，等別在 圖示施又 6 分及 1 所實 成有以 第 } 更 分具， -13- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） 1238584 經濟部智慧財產局8工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明（11) 插入孔收容有永久磁鐵之轉子之壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達 ’但是本發明之適用爲並非限定於此者，而可適用於具備 有··以η成爲2以上之整數，在將圓周方向3 η等分之位 置處具有分別朝向徑向內側突出之磁極之定子，以及在將 圓周方向分成2 η等分之位置處具有分別收容永久磁鐵之 轉子之壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達。 又’於上述實施形態中，雖是將端子電壓加於類比濾 波器1 4 1，再將其輸出加於比較器1 4 2來檢測轉子之迴轉 位置’但是也可以取出相繞組處於非通電狀態期間之感應 電壓，以比較此感應電壓與作爲基準電壓之中性點電壓， 檢測出兩者交叉之時間點之方式來構成驅動控制裝置亦可 〇 【發明之效果】 由以上之說明可淸楚得知，若依據申請專利範圍第1 至第3項之發明’可以抑制由於電樞磁動勢之浅漏磁通所 引起之感應電壓之振動，藉此，可得到不容易發生驅動異 常之壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達。 又，若依據申請專利範圍第4項之發明，不必將連結 部之寬度縮小至比所需還要以上之窄小，可得到防止鐵心 之在冲孔下料時操作效率的降低或轉子之強度減弱之益處 〇 並且，若依據申請專利範圍第5項之發明，因將非通 電狀態之相繞組之感應電壓與基準電壓直接比較，所以可 --------0^----1--1Τ------ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（21〇Χ297公釐） -14- 1238584 A7 B7 五、發明説明（12) 提供迴轉位置檢測部之構成簡單化之驅動控制裝置。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 圖式簡單說明 第1圖係用以表示本發明之壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達 之一實施形態之構成’而由馬達軸向觀察定子之部分側面 圖。 第2圖係用以說明第1圖所示實施形態之動態特性， 對應於3種類磁極片形狀之波形圖。 第3圖係用以表示本發明之壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達 之其他實施形態之構成’而由馬達軸向觀察定子之部分側 面圖。 第4圖係用以表示先行技術之壓縮機用無電刷D C馬 達之槪略構成，從馬達軸向觀察之側面圖。 第5圖係將驅動壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達之一般性驅 動控制裝置之構成以局部由方塊圖所示之電路圖。 第6圖係表示構成第4圖所示驅動控制裝置之位置檢 測部之詳細構成之電路圖。 第7圖係用以說明第6圖所示位置檢測部動作之波形 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 圖。 第8圖係用以說明由於電樞磁動勢磁通之驟變引起感 應電壓之振動，將壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達從軸向觀察之 側面圖。 第9圖係用以說明由於電樞磁動勢磁通之驟變引起感 應電壓之振動，將壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達從軸向觀察之 -15- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 1238584 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（13) 側面圖。 第1 0圖係用以說明由於電樞磁動勢磁通弓丨起驟變之 感應電壓之振動，將壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達從軸向觀察 之側面圖 〇 第1 1圖係用以說明由於電樞磁動勢磁通引起驟變之 感應電壓在中性點電壓附近振動之波形圖。 【符號之說明】 1 定子 2 磁極 3 磁極片 4 相繞組 5 轉子 6 轉子鐵心外周部 7 轉子鐵心連結部 9 永久磁鐵 10 壓縮機用無電刷D C馬達 11 交流電源 1 2 正向轉換電路 13 開關電路 14 位置檢測部 141 類比瀘波器 14 2 比較器 (請先閱讀背面之注意事 •項再填. :寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210x 297公釐） -16-Fig. 6 shows the three-phase detection circuits of the position detection section 1 and 4 of the three phases. Among them, the details of the phase detection circuit, when the U-phase winding is in a non-energized state, the terminals of the U-phase winding are viewed from the neutral point. The voltage V u is, for example, applied to the analog filter 1 4 1 formed by a low-pass filter, and the output of the analog wave filter 1 4 1 is a non-inverting input terminal added to the comparator 1 4 2 In addition to (+), the neutral point voltage VP is the inverting input terminal (1) directly applied to the comparator 1 4 2. The comparator 1 4 2 is the voltage applied to the inverting input terminal (-) as the reference voltage, and the voltage applied to the non-inverting input terminal (+), that is, the terminal voltage of the U-phase winding obtained by the filter is compared with When the reference voltage is low, a logic signal “0” is output when the potential of the reference voltage is the same as or higher than the reference voltage. Now, if the neutral point is used as the ground, if the voltage is regarded as zero, the paper size of this paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -6- 1238584 A7 _ B7 V. Description of the invention (4) ( Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page.) The terminal voltage of the phase winding is the point that crosses the center point voltage, that is, the logic potential of the output signal of the comparator 1 2 2 will change at the zero crossing point. This change point is detected as the rotation position of the rotor of the brushless DC motor 100. FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram showing the relationship between the terminal voltage V υ of the U-phase winding, the neutral point v p, and the terminal voltage V f a after passing through the analog filter 1 4 1. That is, the voltage Eu is induced during the stop of energization, and the point where the potential of the induced voltage E II and the potential of the neutral point voltage V p cross is the so-called zero crossing point P and Q, which are detected as the rotation position of the rotor. . Originally, although the induced voltage of the magnetic flux generated by the magnetic poles from the rotor should be a sine wave shape as shown by the solid line and the dashed line, there are rectified energization stop periods and energization periods. The terminal voltage VU shown is applied to the analog filter 1 4 1 and the voltage V fa shown by the broken line is applied to the comparator 1 4 2. At this time, the waveform of the voltage V fa after passing through the analog filter 1 4 1 has a phase delay of 90 degrees compared to the waveform of the terminal voltage V u. Regarding the zero of the terminal voltage V fa and the neutral point voltage V p The crossing point also has a phase delay of 90 degrees compared to the zero crossing point of the terminal voltage V u and the neutral point voltage VP. Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the motor system composed of the above brushless DC motor and its driving control device, the time point of zero crossing point P in FIG. 7 is generated When the rotor position of the brushless DC motor 10 is in the state shown in FIG. 8. That is, this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm)-Fly · 1238584 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (5) The current flowing in the direction shown in the windings 4 of the V and W phases, When the u-phase phase winding 4 is in a state where no current flows. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) On the other hand, the magnetic flux that is linked to the U-phase winding is not just the permanent magnet 9, but also the so-called armature magnetomotive force generated by the magnetomotive force of the winding current. As this part, as shown in FIG. 9, the magnetic flux has a magnetic flux P ^ from the magnetic pole 2 of the W phase to the magnetic pole 2 of the U phase through the rotor core connection portion 7. Fig. 10 shows the relative positions of the stator 1 and the rotor 5 later than in the case of Fig. 9. However, during the process from Fig. 9 to Fig. 10, the rotor core connecting portion 7 is no longer opposed to U. The phase magnetic pole 2 passes from the W phase magnetic pole 2 to the phase winding of the U phase magnetic pole 2 through the rotor core connecting portion 7 and the magnetic flux of the phase winding decreases sharply, so that the induced voltage Eu is neutral as shown in FIG. 11 It vibrates near the point voltage V p. The vibration of the induced voltage Eu caused by the sudden change of the magnetic flux of the armature magnetomotive force generally increases as the thickness of the pole piece 3 of the magnetic pole 2 and the width of the rotor core connection portion 7 increase. Due to the vibration of the induced voltage E u, the voltage waveform of the terminal after passing through the analog filter 1 4 1 is the same as V fb in Figure 11 and is the same as the waveform V fa when there is no vibration. The potential of the center point voltage V p is reached relatively quickly, thereby causing a false zero crossing point P to be detected corresponding to the pseudo zero crossing point P b. That is, whether or not the analog filter 1 4 1 is present, an error occurs in the detection of the rotation position of the rotor 5, and therefore it is difficult to drive the brushless DC motor correctly. In addition, when the position detection unit 14 is not an analog filter method, the vibration portion of the induced voltage E u may cross the center point voltage V p earlier. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm). ) -8- 1238584 A7 ______ B7 V. Description of the invention (6) position caused the zero crossing point pb to be detected incorrectly. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The present invention is the inventor considering the above situation, which can suppress the vibration of the induced voltage caused by the leakage magnetic flux of the armature magnetomotive force. Brushless DC motors for compressors that are prone to drive abnormalities and their drive control devices. [Means for solving the problem] The brushless DC motor for compressors related to the first patent application range is characterized by having η as an integer of 2 or more, and has a diameter from a position equal to 3 η in the circumferential direction. The base poles protruding inward in the direction are stators formed by winding phase windings on the magnetic poles, each having a pole piece formed by extending from the inner end of the base in the circumferential direction, and at a position where the circumferential direction is divided by 2 η. The formed magnet insertion hole accommodates a permanent magnet, and a rotor connecting the inner peripheral portion of the core and the outer peripheral portion of the connecting portion between the permanent magnets viewed in the circumferential direction, and the average radial thickness of the magnetic pole piece in a non-energized state The thickness of the voltage waveform near the zero crossing of the induced voltage of the phase windings does not cause vibration. The Consumer Property Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs has printed the invention in the scope of patent application No. 2 as a brushless DC motor for compressors as in the scope of patent application No. 1 in which it will be regarded as η = 2 and the magnetic pole system is formed in the circumferential direction In 6 places, the thickness of the front end of the magnetic pole piece is less than about 1 mm, not only gradually thickened toward the base portion, but also the angle formed by the base portion adjacent to the radially outer side of the magnetic pole piece is set to 130 degrees. the following. The invention related to item 3 of the patent application scope is subject to the Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) if the paper size of the patent application scope is applied. -9- 1238584 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) (Please read the back first Note: Please fill in this page again.) 1 brushless DC motor for compressor, which will be regarded as ^ = 2, the magnetic poles are formed in 6 places in the circumferential direction, and the thickness of the front end of the magnetic pole piece is less than about 1 mm. In addition, the connecting line connecting the point on the outside of the front end of the magnetic pole piece and the connecting portion of the base of the magnetic pole piece forms an angle of 1 3 ° or less with the side of the base. The invention concerning item 4 of the scope of patent application is the brushless DC motor for a compressor such as the item 1 of the scope of patent application, in which the width in the circumferential direction of the connecting portion of the rotor is 2 mm or less. Regarding the invention in the fourth scope of the patent application, since the width of the rotor connecting portion in the circumferential direction is 2 mm or less, it is not necessary to reduce the width of the rotor connecting portion to be narrower than necessary, and the core can be prevented from punching. The benefits of reduced operating efficiency during feeding or reduced strength of the rotor. The invention related to the fifth item of the patent application is the brushless DC motor for the compressor of the first item of the patent application, in which the induced voltage of the phase winding in the non-energized state is directly compared with the reference voltage to detect the rotation position of the rotor. The Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed the invention in the scope of patent application No. 5, because the induced voltage of the phase winding in the non-energized state is directly compared with the reference voltage to detect the rotation position of the rotor, so the rotation can be obtained. A drive control device that simplifies the configuration of the position detection section. Embodiment [Inventive Embodiment] The following describes the preferred embodiment of the present invention according to the drawings in detail. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -1〇 · 1238584 A7 B7 5 、 Explanation of invention (8) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Figure 1 shows the structure of the embodiment of the brushless DC motor for compressors according to the present invention 10—viewed from the axial direction Partial side view of the stator 1. Here, six magnetic poles 2 each having a protruding base portion 2c are formed on the stator 1 on the imaginary axis X that divides the circumferential direction into six equal parts with respect to its axial center. These magnetic poles 2 are respectively provided with magnetic pole pieces 3 extending from the radially inner ends of the respective base portions 2 c in the circumferential direction. The magnetic pole pieces 3 are used to make the magnetic flux density distribution in a desired form and have To support the phase winding mechanically. The end faces of the magnetic pole 2 and the magnetic pole piece 3 facing the rotor are respectively formed as part of a cylindrical surface with a predetermined radius R corresponding to the outer diameter of the rotor. The magnetic pole 2 has side surfaces 2a, 2b which are distributed on two sides parallel to each other with the axis X as the center. In addition, the magnetic pole piece 3 has a shape in which the thickness T of the front end portion increases toward the base portion 2c, and the radial outer side surface 3a of the magnetic pole piece 3 is the surface of the winding phase winding. When the distance between the front ends of the magnetic pole pieces 3 of the adjacent magnetic poles 2 is regarded as G, the distance G is, for example, a minimum size that can be selected to be wound into a phase winding. Contrary to this stator 1, the rotor 5 used is omitted in the first figure, but please refer to the eighth, ninth, and tenth figures for the rotor 5 composed of four permanent magnets 9. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs as described above, the vibration of the induced voltage E 11 caused by the armature fe ’s dynamic magnetic flux is based on the thickness of the magnetic pole piece 3 of the magnetic pole 2 and the width of the rotor core connecting portion 7 Based on the increasing experience of each, the inventors have tried various tests. At this time, the diameter of the rotor is 60 mm, and the width in the circumferential direction of the connecting portion connecting the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core is guaranteed to have -11-This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 1238584 A7 _ B7 V. Description of the invention (9) The viewpoint of sufficient strength is formed to be 2 mm or slightly narrower than this. On the other hand, for the stator 1, if the thickness of the iron plate to be punched is cut (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page). When using 5 mm, the thickness of the front end of the magnetic pole piece 3 is the smallest.値 is limited to 0.5 to 1.0 mm. In this embodiment, the thickness of the front end portion is 1.0 mm, and the position of the front end portion is fixed at the same position to become the thickness of the root portion of the wedge-shaped magnetic pole piece 3. That is, the average thickness is changed to three types and observed. Induced voltage waveform. According to the average thickness of the magnetic pole piece 3, the angle formed by the radial outer side 3a of the magnetic pole piece 3 and the side 2a of the base 2c of the magnetic pole 2 adjacent to the outer side 3a is used. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs as shown in the figure, it can be seen that if the angle between the outer side 3a and the side 2a is reduced, the average thickness of the magnetic pole piece 3 becomes thinner. Conversely, increasing the plane 3a and At an angle of 2a on the side, the average thickness of the magnetic pole piece 3 becomes thicker. So here, three types of stators with angles of ◦ degrees, 02 = 130 degrees, and 0 3 = 1 4 5 degrees were made. The other conditions were the same. When the terminal voltage of the phase winding was measured, the second The voltage waveforms A, B, and C shown in the figure. For the induced voltage in these voltage waveforms, when the magnetic pole of Θ 3 215 degrees, the induced voltage vibrates near the neutral point voltage V p, and when the magnetic pole of Θ 2 = 1 35 degrees, the induced voltage The voltage waveform deforms near the neutral point voltage V p and crosses it earlier. For a magnetic pole of 0 = 120 degrees, the sine wave voltage crosses the neutral point voltage VP at about the same time as the neutral point voltage V p. As a result, due to the sudden change of the armature magnetomotive force flux, the induced voltage E u is vibrated. If the average thickness of the magnetic pole piece 3 and the magnetic pole piece 3 is thinned, it can be used. CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 1238584 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (1Q) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Remove. In other words, as long as the thickness is such that the voltage waveform near the zero-crossing of the induced voltage of the phase winding in the non-energized state does not vibrate, as in this embodiment, the magnetic poles 2 are arranged in six places in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic pole pieces are arranged. 3 When the thickness of the front end portion is made approximately 1 mm or less, the vibration of the voltage waveform can be prevented by setting the angle between the radial outer side surface 3 a of the magnetic pole piece 3 and the side surface 2 a of the base portion to 1 30 degrees or less, 1 20 degrees is the best, and from the strength of the magnetic pole piece 3, it can be said to be the best design. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are partial side views of the stator 1 viewed from the axial direction in order to show the structure of another embodiment of the brushless DC motor for a compressor according to the present invention. Among them, the one shown in (a) is to form the radial outer side surface of the magnetic pole piece 3 into a step shape, and the thickness is changed to ti, t 2 (> ti), t 3 (& gt t 2), as shown in (b), the radial flank of the magnetic pole piece 3 is formed with a circular solitary surface that is approximately equal to or slightly smaller than its inner flank R ′. In both cases (a) and (b) of FIG. 3, the angle β formed by connecting the point connecting the outer side of the front end of the magnetic pole piece and the connecting portion of the base of the magnetic pole piece with the side 2a of the base 2c becomes If the temperature is below 130 degrees, you can get a print from a consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, which changes a direction to a child iron C. The fixed magnetization map 3 of the week 2 can be a pole 3 The magnetic sheet is counted in the corresponding segment of the pole; the magnetic side, the sudden part, and the prepared side are placed in the shaped position. The result of the known extension of the direction is that the radial extension effect side is in addition to the horizontal direction, and the direction of the 4 sides of the square is the same as the circle of the circle. The direction of the circle is the direction of the circle. Before the pole, the circle shows the magnetic field and the subordinate will place it. , Please note that 6 points and 1 points are implemented as shown in the figure. -13- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm). 1238584 Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by 8g Consumer Cooperative Association A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (11) Brushless DC motors for compressors with rotors with permanent magnets inserted in the holes' However, the application of the present invention is not limited to this, but can be applied to devices equipped with · Η is an integer of 2 or more, stators having magnetic poles protruding radially inward at positions of 3 η equally divided in the circumferential direction, and permanent accommodations at positions of 2 η equally divided in the circumferential direction Brushless DC motors for compressors with magnet rotors. Also in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the terminal voltage is added to the analog filter 1 4 1 and the output is added to the comparator 1 4 2 to detect the rotation position of the rotor, it is also possible to take out that the phase winding is in a non-energized state. The induced voltage during the period can also be configured as a drive control device by comparing the induced voltage with the neutral point voltage as the reference voltage and detecting the time point where the two cross. [Effect of the invention] It can be understood from the above description It is learned that if the inventions according to items 1 to 3 of the scope of patent application 'can suppress the induced voltage vibration caused by the shallow leakage magnetic flux of the armature magnetomotive force, thereby obtaining a compressor that is unlikely to cause abnormal driving Use a brushless DC motor. In addition, if the invention according to item 4 of the scope of patent application is adopted, it is not necessary to reduce the width of the connecting portion to be narrower than necessary, and it is possible to prevent the reduction of the operating efficiency of the core during punching and cutting or the strength of the rotor. The benefits of weakening. Moreover, if the invention according to item 5 of the scope of patent application is applied, the induced voltage of the phase winding in the non-energized state is directly compared with the reference voltage, so it can be -------- 0 ^ ---- 1--1Τ ------ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇 × 297 mm) -14- 1238584 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (12) A drive control device with a simplified structure of a turning position detecting section is provided. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Brief description of the drawing The first diagram is to show the structure of one embodiment of the brushless DC motor for compressors of the present invention, and the stator is viewed from the axial direction of the motor side view. Fig. 2 is a waveform diagram illustrating the dynamic characteristics of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and corresponding to the shapes of the three types of magnetic pole pieces. Fig. 3 is a partial side view showing the structure of another embodiment of the brushless DC motor for a compressor according to the present invention, with the stator viewed from the axial direction of the motor. Fig. 4 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a brushless DC motor for a compressor of the prior art, viewed from the axial direction of the motor. Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram partially showing a block diagram of a general drive control device for a brushless DC motor for driving a compressor. Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a detailed configuration of a position detecting section constituting the drive control device shown in Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a waveform for explaining the operation of the position detecting section shown in Fig. 6. It is printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Fig. 8 is a side view illustrating a brushless DC motor for a compressor as viewed from the axial direction due to vibration of an induced voltage caused by a sudden change in armature magnetomotive force flux. Figure 9 is used to explain the vibration of the induced voltage caused by the sudden change of the armature magnetomotive force and magnetic flux. Observe the brushless DC motor for the compressor from the axial direction. -15- This paper applies Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) 1238584 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (13) Side view. Fig. 10 is a side view illustrating a brushless DC motor for a compressor as viewed from an axial direction due to a sudden change in induced voltage vibration of an armature magnetomotive force flux bow. Fig. 11 is for Describe the waveform diagram of the induced voltage caused by the armature magnetomotive force flux to vibrate near the neutral point voltage. [Description of symbols] 1 stator 2 magnetic pole 3 magnetic pole piece 4 phase winding 5 rotor 6 rotor core outer periphery 7 rotor core connecting portion 9 permanent magnet 10 brushless DC motor for compressor 11 AC power supply 1 2 forward conversion circuit 13 switch circuit 14 Position detection unit 141 Analog oscilloscope 14 2 Comparator (Please read the cautions and items on the back before filling.: Write this page) This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210x 297 mm)- 16-