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【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種光電 容器内透明流體介面隨重力 器外型所形成聚光效應，將: 流體介面聚光至另一侧所設 光源折射訊號，其與容器之 用於量測及調校各種結構物 【先前技術】 式水平儀，尤指一種利用參考 方向而傾斜原理，及流體與容 均勻光源投射於其一側，並經 置之光檢測裝置上，以檢測得 傾斜角度成比例。本裝置可廡 件之平面傾斜角度值。 〜 角度的量測與檢 其量測的精準度 許多土木’機械的結構物件中，傾斜 校為其主要的形成因素之一，相對於此， 也越來越重要。 ' 習用之氣泡式水平儀’在密閉容器内充填大部份液 體，並藉著液體與容器内壁附著力作用，形成一顆貼 容器内壁上緣曲面的㈣球體氣泡，#容器傾斜時 :洋：作用而漂移至最高點，使用者依據容器表面預設】 度及氧泡相對應位置以讀取此一參考容器之傾斜角度。然 量測方式，*受周圍光線變化、使用者目視觀“ 異性等因素影響而造成極大的量測誤差。 、 【内容】 ' 本發明之主要目的，乃在利用流體介面124隨重力傾 理，完成-高解析度之光電式水平儀。本裝置之特點 斜角檢測並非觀察氣泡漂移方式，而是利用 射於傾斜之流體介面124時，會經折射而改變其聚光位 置，再利用光檢測裝置150以檢測其位置變化方式。本裝[Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a light-condensing effect formed by a transparent fluid interface in a photocapacitor with the appearance of a gravity device. For measuring and adjusting various structures [prior art] A spirit level, especially a principle that uses the reference direction to tilt, and a light source with a uniform volume of fluid and volume is projected on one side and placed on a light detection device to detect The tilt angle is proportional. This device can set the plane tilt angle of the unit. ~ Angle measurement and inspection The accuracy of its measurement Among many structural objects of civil engineering machinery, tilt correction is one of the main forming factors, and it is becoming more and more important. 'Bubble bubble level' is used to fill most of the liquid in a closed container, and by the adhesion of the liquid to the inner wall of the container, a spheroidal bubble is formed which adheres to the upper surface of the inner wall of the container. # When the container is tilted: foreign: role When the drift reaches the highest point, the user presets the angle according to the container surface and the corresponding position of the oxygen bubble to read the tilt angle of this reference container. However, the measurement method * is greatly affected by the surrounding light changes, the user ’s visual observation, and other factors that cause great measurement errors. [Content] 'The main purpose of the present invention is to use the fluid interface 124 to tilt with gravity, Complete-high-resolution photoelectric level. The characteristic of this device is that the oblique angle detection is not a way to observe the drift of the bubble, but when using the slanted fluid interface 124, it will be refracted to change its condensing position, and then use the light detection device 150 to detect its position change. This equipment
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ΐ ί 11提兩置測解析度外，用光檢測裝置15 〇測得之傾 斜角又I化，若輸入訊號處理電路系統 自動化傾斜角度量測與調校之目的。 吟了几成 ^發明較佳實施之光電式水平儀，請參考第1圖， 本發明光電式水平儀側視系統圖，係包含一光源投射裝置 110，一傾斜介面裝置12〇，一輔助透鏡 3〇，一 測裝置150。 檢 $ ^之傾斜介面裝置丨20，包含一透明透鏡狀結構之 曲面=器121，容器内至少充填兩種以上介質，如第工圖 中之介質一為透明氣體122，介質二為透明液體123，此二 流體之流體介面1 2 4，可因液體相對於容器内壁，產生之 附著力或表面張力，造成流體介面124部份凸或凹之透鏡 曲面特性，以輔助光束聚光。 另外其中之光檢測裝置150，可為任意型式感光單元 之二象限、三象限、四象限乃至一維、二維（平面）陣列之 光感測單元2 11組合，其亦可為具傾斜角刻度標示的光點 呈像罩幕。 使用時，光源投射裝置110投射均勻光束至容器之一 側（在第1圖中為容器底部），經過透鏡狀結構容器丨21之 曲面與内置液體123形成之透鏡效應聚光後，穿過容器内 部流體介面1 24，再經容器之另一側（在第1圖中為容器頂 部）的輔助透鏡裝置130，調整聚光光束140孔徑大小，並 將聚光光束140投射於光檢測裝置1 50上，以利檢測光束孔 徑與聚光位置訊號。ΐ 11 In addition to the two measurement resolutions, the inclination angle measured by the light detection device 150 is also changed. If the input signal processing circuit system is used for the purpose of automatic inclination angle measurement and adjustment. It ’s been a few minutes. The photoelectric level of the invention is best implemented. Please refer to FIG. 1. The side view of the photoelectric level of the present invention is a light source projection device 110, an inclined interface device 120, and an auxiliary lens 3. ， 一 测 装置 150。 A test device 150. The tilting interface device for inspecting $ ^ 20 includes a transparent lens-like curved surface device 121. The container is filled with at least two or more media, such as the first medium in the drawing is transparent gas 122, and the second medium is transparent liquid 123. The fluid interface 1 2 4 of these two fluids can cause convex or concave lens curved surface characteristics of the fluid interface 124 due to the adhesion or surface tension of the liquid relative to the inner wall of the container to assist the beam focusing. In addition, the light detection device 150 can be a combination of two-quadrant, three-quadrant, four-quadrant, or one-dimensional, two-dimensional (planar) array light-sensing unit 2 11 of any type of photosensitive unit, and it can also have a tilt angle scale. The marked light spots are like a curtain. In use, the light source projection device 110 projects a uniform light beam to one side of the container (the bottom of the container in FIG. 1), passes through the container after condensing through the lens effect formed by the curved surface of the lenticular structure container 21 and the built-in liquid 123 Internal fluid interface 1 24, and then through the auxiliary lens device 130 on the other side of the container (the top of the container in FIG. 1), adjust the aperture size of the condensing beam 140, and project the condensing beam 140 on the light detection device 1 50 To facilitate detection of the beam aperture and the spotlight position signal.
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當容器121相對於番士 124亦無傾斜，所以节並^傾斜時，則流體介面 ；；; 體介面m亦傾斜一；向角㈣時’則流 ,Qn !.、 相對角度㊀，依據光學司涅爾定律 M 光束穿過傾斜之流體介面124時將產生折 ::n=n…㊀的函數，此時聚光光束140投射於光 下式換算得角度值差里，在忽略小角度誤差時’可依 」d ^c X tan Θ 其中Z d為位置偏差量，c為比例常數，㊀為傾斜角 f奋因此若測得此一位置偏差量即可測得傾斜角度值。 【實施方式】 # ^本發明之第一實施例請參考第2圖，平面陣列檢光裝 、光方式示忍圖，其系統圖仍為第1圖，主要不同點為 其光檢測裝置150為一平面陣列檢光裝置21〇，為便於說 明，系統圖其它部份不再標明並畫出，而圖中則同時標明 使用時聚光光束1 40及平面陣列檢光裝置21 〇相對位置之側 視（圖左）及正視（局部放大於圖右）情行。 本發明中所稱之平面陣列檢光裝置2丨〇，係指内含平 面陣列型光感測單元211的一種光檢測裝置丨5 〇，例如平面 陣列電荷耦合裝置（f〇cal plane array charge c〇upie(j device)即是其中一類，其内含感測單元2n數目，可視感 測精度及解析度而擴增。When the container 121 is also not inclined with respect to the Fan Shi 124, so the joint is inclined, the fluid interface is ;; the body interface m is also inclined by one; when the angle is 则, then the flow, Qn!., Relative angle ㊀, according to optics Snell's law M beam will produce a function of fold :: n = n ... ㊀ when passing through the inclined fluid interface 124. At this time, the condensed beam 140 is projected into the angle difference converted by the following formula, and the small angle error is ignored. When 'may depend' d ^ c X tan Θ where Z d is the amount of positional deviation, c is the proportionality constant, and ㊀ is the inclination angle f. Therefore, if this positional deviation is measured, the inclination angle value can be measured. [Embodiment] # ^ Please refer to FIG. 2 for the first embodiment of the present invention. The plan view of the planar array light detection device and light mode is shown in FIG. 1. The main difference is that its light detection device 150 is A planar array inspection device 21〇, for the convenience of explanation, the other parts of the system diagram are no longer marked and drawn, while the figure also indicates the side of the relative position of the condensing beam 1 40 and the planar array inspection device 21 〇 during use. View (left) and front view (partially enlarged on the right). The planar array light detection device 2 in the present invention refers to a light detection device including a planar array type light sensing unit 211, such as a planar array charge coupled device (f〇cal plane array charge c). 〇upie (j device) is one of them, which contains the number of sensing units 2n, which can be amplified according to the sensing accuracy and resolution.
1225922 五、發明說明（4) 於第2圖例中，每一感測單元211均以一小方格表 示，若容器1 21未傾斜，則聚光光束1 4 0聚光中心點應位於 標示為0之中心感測單元21 2上，但本圖例中，由於假設 容器121有部份傾斜，所以聚光光束140聚光中心點位於標 示為1之感測單元21 3上，因此，於使用本裝置時，首先 利用電子訊號處理方式，取得聚光光束140聚光中心位置（ 1之感測單元213)，再計算出0之中心感測單元212與1之 -感測單元21 3之相對位置差，亦即其位置偏差量，即可換 算出容器傾斜角度之數值與方位。 本發明之第二實施例請參考第3圖，四象限檢光裝置 鲁 檢光方式示意圖，其系統圖仍為第1圖，而其光檢測裝置 150為一四象限檢光裝置310，類似上述實施例一，圖中同 時標明使用時聚光光束140及四象限檢光裝置310相對位置 之側視（圖左）及正視（放大於圖右）情行。 於第二實施例中，所稱四象限檢光裝置310係指含四 象限感測單元311之光檢測裝置150，各象限感測單元311 上可設置對稱於中心點之a線性遮罩31 2、b線性遮罩 31 3、c線性遮罩31 4、d線性遮罩31 5。各線性遮罩内均 含有光均勻擴散物質，其可使投射於線性遮罩内之聚光光 束1 4 0被各象限感測單元311均勻感測，投射於線性遮罩外 _ 之聚光光束1 4 0被阻隔。此一線性遮罩，作用在使各象限 感測單元311感光強度，正比於入射光單位面積強度，及 入射光投射入線性遮罩之線性方向上長度。 於本實施例中，由於四象限檢光裝置31〇檢測位置偏 ·1225922 V. Description of the invention (4) In the second illustration, each sensing unit 211 is represented by a small grid. If the container 1 21 is not tilted, the center point of the focused light beam 1 40 should be marked as The center sensing unit 21 of 0 is 2 but in this example, since the container 121 is assumed to be partially inclined, the center point of the focused light beam 140 is located on the sensing unit 21 3 labeled 1. Therefore, this When installing the device, first use the electronic signal processing method to obtain the center position of the focused light beam 140 (the sensing unit 213 of 1), and then calculate the relative position of the center sensing unit 212 of 0 and the sensing unit 21 of 1 The difference, that is, the amount of position deviation, can be used to convert the value and orientation of the tilt angle of the container. For a second embodiment of the present invention, please refer to FIG. 3. A schematic diagram of a four-quadrant photodetection device for detecting light. The system diagram is still the first figure, and its light detection device 150 is a four-quadrant photodetection device 310, similar to the above. In the first embodiment, a side view (left) and a front view (enlarged right) of the focused light beam 140 and the four-quadrant photodetection device 310 at the same time are indicated in the figure. In the second embodiment, the so-called four-quadrant photodetection device 310 refers to a light-detection device 150 including a four-quadrant sensing unit 311. Each quadrant sensing unit 311 may be provided with a linear mask 31 2 symmetrical to the center point. , B linear mask 31 3, c linear mask 31 4, d linear mask 31 5. Each of the linear masks contains a uniformly diffusing material of light, which can make the concentrated light beams 1 4 0 projected into the linear masks be uniformly sensed by each quadrant sensing unit 311 and projected outside the linear masks_ 1 4 0 is blocked. This linear mask acts to make the quadrant sensing unit 311's photosensitive intensity proportional to the intensity per unit area of incident light and the length of the linear direction of the incident light projected into the linear mask. In this embodiment, due to the four-quadrant light detecting device 31, the detection position is misaligned.
1225922 五、發明說明（5) 差量方式與入射聚光光束140光強度均勻性有關，在此假 $又入射I光光束140為一均勻聚光光束，其入射聚光光束 140單位面積光強度一致，不隨入射位置而改變。 當聚光光束140投射於各象限感測單元311時，均需經 過線性遮罩，若容器1 2 1未傾斜，則聚光光束1 4 〇聚光中心 點應位於四象限檢光裝置3 1 〇中心點上，但本實施例中， 假設容器121有部份傾斜（沿著a線性遮罩312及c線性遮 罩314線性方向），使聚光光束丨4〇聚光中心點偏向c線性 遮罩31 4 ’因此，若求得c線性遮罩3 1 4内感測單元3 11感 測得光強度（設為Ic)，及a線性遮罩312内感測單元311感 測得光強度（設為I a )，其光強度差（I c — I a)正比於位置偏 差量’而其位置偏差量正比於tan㊀，因此若測得此一光 強度差，即可測得此一方向之傾斜角度值。 同理，若另一方向（沿著b線性遮罩31 3及d線性遮罩 315線性方向）亦有部份傾斜時，只要求得d線性遮罩315 内感測單TC311感測得光強度（設為Id)，及b線性遮罩313 内感測單元311感測得光強度（設為丨b )，測得其光強度差 (id-ib)，即可測得此一方向之傾斜角度值。此二方ς之 ，斜角度值經由電子訊號處理單元作數學運算，即可求得 容器121實際之傾斜方向及實際之傾斜角度值。 以上已將本發明做一詳細說明，惟以上所述者，僅為 本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不能限定本發明之實施 圍。即凡依本發明申請範圍所做之均等變化與修比 應仍屬本發明之專利涵蓋範圍内。 寸白 1225922 圖式簡單說明 在圖式中： 第1圖為本發明光電式水平儀侧視系統圖。 第2圖為平面陣列檢光裝置檢光方式示意圖。 第3圖為四象限檢光裝置檢光方式示意圖。 元件符號說明 11 0光源投射裝置 120傾斜介面裝置 1 21透明透鏡狀結構之曲面容器 122透明氣體 1 2 3透明液體 1 2 4流體介面 130輔助透鏡裝置 140聚光光束 150光檢測裝置 21 0平面陣列檢光裝置 211光感測單元 2 1 2 0之中心感測單元 2 1 3 1之感測單元 3 1 0四象限檢光裝置 3 11象限感測單元 3 1 2 a線性遮罩 3 1 3 b線性遮罩 3 1 4 c線性遮罩 31 5 d線性遮罩1225922 V. Description of the invention (5) The difference method is related to the uniformity of the light intensity of the incident spotlight beam 140. Here, the incident I-ray beam 140 is a uniform spotlight beam, and the incident spotlight beam 140 unit area light intensity Consistent, does not change with the incident position. When the condensing light beam 140 is projected onto each quadrant sensing unit 311, all need to pass a linear mask. If the container 1 2 1 is not tilted, the condensing light beam 1 4 〇 The focusing center point should be located in the four-quadrant light detecting device 3 1 〇 center point, but in this embodiment, it is assumed that the container 121 is partially inclined (along the linear direction of a linear mask 312 and c linear mask 314), so that the condensed light beam is biased toward c linear Mask 31 4 'Therefore, if the light intensity detected by the c-linear mask 3 1 4 inside the sensing unit 3 11 is set to Ic, and the light intensity detected by the sensing unit 311 within the a-linear mask 312 (Set to I a), the light intensity difference (I c — I a) is proportional to the position deviation amount 'and its position deviation amount is proportional to tan㊀, so if this light intensity difference is measured, this direction can be measured The tilt angle value. Similarly, if the other direction (along the linear direction of b linear mask 31 3 and the linear direction of d linear mask 315) is also partially tilted, only the d linear mask 315 is required to detect the light intensity detected by the inner single TC311. (Set to Id), and the light intensity (set to 丨 b) sensed by the sensing unit 311 in the b linear mask 313, and the difference in light intensity (id-ib) is measured, and the tilt in this direction can be measured Angle value. The oblique angle value of the two squares is mathematically calculated by the electronic signal processing unit, and the actual tilt direction and actual tilt angle value of the container 121 can be obtained. The present invention has been described in detail above, but the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention cannot be limited. That is, all equivalent changes and repair ratios made in accordance with the scope of application of the present invention should still fall within the scope of patent of the present invention. Inch white 1225922 Brief description of the drawings In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side view system diagram of the photoelectric level of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a light detection method of a planar array light detection device. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the light detection method of the four-quadrant light detection device. Description of component symbols 11 0 light source projection device 120 inclined interface device 1 21 curved container with transparent lens-like structure 122 transparent gas 1 2 3 transparent liquid 1 2 4 fluid interface 130 auxiliary lens device 140 focused light beam 150 light detection device 21 0 plane array Light detection device 211 light sensing unit 2 1 2 0 center sensing unit 2 1 3 1 sensing unit 3 1 0 four-quadrant light sensing device 3 11 quadrant sensing unit 3 1 2 a linear mask 3 1 3 b Linear mask 3 1 4 c Linear mask 31 5 d Linear mask
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