TW594182B - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display device Download PDF

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Publication number
TW594182B
TW594182B TW092125776A TW92125776A TW594182B TW 594182 B TW594182 B TW 594182B TW 092125776 A TW092125776 A TW 092125776A TW 92125776 A TW92125776 A TW 92125776A TW 594182 B TW594182 B TW 594182B
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liquid crystal
light
display device
crystal display
substrate
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TW092125776A
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TW200405085A (en
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Hirokazu Morimoto
Shoichi Kurauchi
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Toshiba Corp
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133553Reflecting elements
    • G02F1/133555Transflectors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133371Cells with varying thickness of the liquid crystal layer

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Optical Filters (AREA)

Description

594182 (1) 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬技術領域】 本發明爲有關利用背光及周圍光來進行顯示 示裝置。 【先前技術】 近年來,半透過型液晶顯示裝置係利用輕量 低消費電力之特徵,於攜帶電話,或PDA (個 理)端末等之種種領域上,能加以利用之。一般 示裝置係於一對之電極基板間,保持扭轉向列 之構造,但是爲了使其改善亮度特性,亦逐漸使 液晶。 譬如特開平1 1 -242226號公報係揭示利用均 半透過型液晶顯示裝置。此半透過型液晶顯示裝 提高光利用效率,將畫素分割成透過領域,和反 爲了使於各領域之晶胞間隔(液晶層之厚度)不 之。於均勻模式下,液晶分子爲了配列於相同方 造單純,且由於使用相位差板等之光學的補償較 故對比提高,視角可實現寬廣之顯示。 做爲具體之構造,係透過領域及反射領域係 於一方之電極基板之光透過部,極光反射部來界 射部係反射從另一之電極基板側入射之周圍光, 係使背光光源透過。爲了使晶胞間隔不同,光透 方之電極基板之中配置相較於光反射部較低之位 之液晶顯 ,小型, 人數位助 的液晶顯 型(TN ) 用均勻型 勻模式之 置係爲了 射領域, 同所構成 向,故構 爲容易, 藉由形成 定。光反 而光透部 過部於一 置。 -4- (2) (2)594182 爲了得到良好之光利用效率,透過領域之晶胞間隔又 必要爲反射領域之晶胞間隔之2倍。但是,畫素間距於未 滿6 0 // m時,既會產生降低透過顯示之對比之反傾斜, 或是殘影之瑕疵。傳統上,爲了消除如此之瑕疵,係使用 蒸著表面處理法,雷射配向膜形成法等,但是此等技術反 而會導致增加生產成本。 本發明之目的有鑑於上述之問題而產生,提供於高精 密化之中,無須增加生產成本而可確保良好之顯示品質之 液晶顯示裝置。 【發明內容】 若藉由本發明時,提供一種具備第1及第2電極基 板,和保持於第1及第2電極基板間,液晶配向係包含藉 由第1電極,及第2電極基板控制之液晶材料之液晶層, 第1電極基板包含對液晶層之畫素領域,反射從電2電極 基板側入射之周圍光之光反射部,及配置相較於光反射部 較低之位置,對畫素領域透過背光光源之光透過部,而第 2電極基板則包含對向配置光透過部,液晶層之厚度於光 透過部上之中,規定於相較光反射部上較厚之特定値之凹 部之液晶顯示裝置。 本發明者,憑著努力不洩硏究,使得反傾斜或殘影等 之原因係起因於光透過部,和光反射部之段差可予阻止。 譬如液晶層之折射率異方性△ η於0.06時,液晶層之厚度 於光反射部上設成2.5μιη,而於光透過部上設成5 μ m -5- (3) (3)594182 時, 可得到良好之光利用效率。此時,光透過部和光反 射部之段差爲2 · 5 μΐΒ,但是以此段差將畫素間距作成未滿 6 0μιη時,液晶配向處理既不完全。亦既,纖維束用數μηι 程度之口徑之布以磨插電極基板之硏磨法進行液晶配向處 理時,於電極基板之中,磨插對應相較於光反射部較低之 光透過部之位置之電極基板表面則爲困難。 因此,於上述之液晶顯示裝置,凹部係對向光透過部 而配置於第2電極基板,液晶層之厚度於光透過部上之 中,規定於相較光反射部上較厚之特定値。藉此,第1電 極基板之光透過部,和光反射部之段差之一部分,可分擔 於第2電極基板之凹部。因此,於高精密化之中,無須增 加生產成本,且可確保良好之顯示品質。 【實施方式】 以下玆參考附加圖面,且詳細說明有關本發明之第1 實施形態之半透過型液晶顯示裝置。此半透過型液晶顯示 裝置係具有配置於矩陣狀之640 x 4 8 0個之彩色顯示畫 素,所構成之對角3.5英吋之有效畫面之VGA規格之顯 示器。各彩色顯示畫素於橫方向之中,係以鄰接之3個顯 示畫素所構成。因此總計之顯示畫素爲(640 X 3 ) X 4 8 0 個,各顯示畫素係以55μηι><;165μιη之大小而形成。 圖1爲表示此半透過型液晶顯示裝置之剖面構造圖。 此半透過型液晶顯示裝置乃具備成爲第1電極基板之陣列 基板,和成爲第2電極基板之對向基板,和保持於陣列基 -6- (4) (4)594182 板AR及對向基板CT之間,液晶配向藉由陣列基板AR 及對向基板CT所控制,譬如包含均勻液晶材料之液晶層 LQ,和以與液晶層LQ從反面側照明陣列基板AR之背光 B L,做爲面光源。 陣列基板AR包含厚度0.7mm之透明之玻璃板1,和 覆蓋玻璃板1之下面之1 /4波長板2,和覆蓋此1 /4波長 板2之偏光板3,和以於玻璃板1之上面側配置於矩陣狀 之複數薄膜電晶體(TFT :薄膜電晶體)部4,和此等薄 膜電晶體部4之閘極電極,及畫素電極同時’覆蓋玻璃板 1之上面之層間絕緣膜5,和覆蓋薄膜電晶體部4之同 時,於上面具有起伏之透明樹脂層6,和各連接於複數之 薄膜電晶體之複數畫素電極PX’及覆蓋此等畫素電極 PX,界定液晶層LQ內之液晶配向之配向膜7。各畫素電 極PX係藉由ITO (銦錫氧化物)之透明電極層8,及鋁 之反射電極層9所構成。透明電極層8係將透明樹脂層6 藉由選擇性開口,形成於露出之層間絕緣膜5上,反射電 極層9係植入透明電極層8而形成於透明樹脂層上6上。 藉此,透明電極層8係構成透過從偏光板3側入射的背光 光源之光透過部,而反射電極層9係構成反射從偏光板 ]3側入射的周圍光之光反射部。光反射部爲對應於畫素 領域之尺寸的55μηιχ165μιη之長方形。且反射電極層9 之表面,具有對應於成爲下側之透明樹脂層6之起伏的起 伏。 對向基板CT包含厚度0.7mm之透明之玻璃板1 1, (5) (5)594182 和覆蓋玻璃板1 1之上面之1 /4波長板1 2,和覆蓋此1 /4 波長板1 2之偏光板1 3,和形成於玻璃板Π之下面’遮 光複數之顯示畫素間隙’及由此等顯示畫素所組成之顯示 畫面之周圍之黑矩陣B Μ ’和覆蓋黑矩陣B Μ及從黑矩陣 ΒΜ露出之玻璃板Π之下面之彩色濾光片14’和覆蓋此 彩色濾光片1 4,於對向陣列基板AR側之光透過部之領域 中,選擇性開口之透明樹脂1 5 ’和對向於複數之畫素電 極ΡΧ而覆蓋從透明樹脂層15及透明樹脂層15露出之彩 色濾、光片14之對向電極16 ’及覆蓋此對向電極16 ’界定 液晶層L Q內之液晶配向之配向膜1 7。對向電極1 6及配 向膜1 7係藉由形成於透明樹脂層1 5之開口,對向配置於 由透明電極層8所形成之光透過部,液晶層L Q之厚度於 光透過部上之中,相較於由反射電極層9所形成之光反射 部,係將規定於較厚之特定値之凹部RS構成對向基板CT 之中。彩色濾光片1 4對應於構成彩色顯示畫素之3個顯 示畫素,著色成相互不同之紅(R ),綠(G ),藍 (Β )。 於此液晶裝置之中,背光光源係以透過透明電極層8 來做爲透過光,而周圍光係以於反射電極層9反射來做爲 反射光。液晶層LQ係對應於畫素電極ΡΧ,及對向電極 I 6間之電壓,藉油調變透過光及反射光之相位來進行顯 不 ° 於圖1之中,dl爲表示液晶層LQ之光透過領域之晶 胞間隙,亦既光透過部上之液晶層LQ之厚度,而d2則 -8- (6) (6)594182 表示液晶層LQ之光反射領域之晶胞間隙,亦既光反射部 上之液晶層LQ厚度。此等液晶層厚d 1及d2係對各液晶 材料之種類設定成適當値。 於此,爲使用折射率異方性△ n = 0.06之基素公司製之 均勻液晶材料,配向膜7及1 7爲了將均勻液晶於特定之 方向以傾斜角爲7 °配列,故以硏磨法配向處理。此時, 光透過部上之液晶層厚度dl =5·0 μιη,而光反射部上之液 晶層厚d2 = 2.5Mm,可得到良好之光利用效率。同時,於 配向處理,配向膜7及1 7係使用以26 6XX,且2.5 mm長 之線之1 8條/cm之密度所編織之布,以5 00rpm之速度摩 插。於上述之條件形成於相較於反射電極9較低之位置的 透明電極8,和反射電極9之段差,若亦具有2.5 μιη時, 線之粗細由於靠近於光透過部之開口尺寸,故均勻配向處 理配向膜7較爲困難。因此,於陣列基板AR側,透明電 極層8,和反射電極層9之段差係藉由透明樹脂層6之厚 度設定成1·25μπι。伴隨著此於對向基板CT側,凹部RS 之深度係藉由透明樹脂層】6之厚度設定成同樣1.25μιη。 如此,陣列基板AR側之透明電極層8,和反射電極層9 之段差之一部分,分當於對向基板CT之凹部RS,藉由規 定由透明電極 8所形成之光透過部上之液晶層厚 dl =5.0 μηι,使得硏磨用之布纖維束即使過於接近於畫素間 距,亦可將配向膜7及1 7之配向規制力成爲均勻化。實 際製造持有如上述之凹部之半透過型液晶顯示裝置時,完 全無法確認反傾斜或殘影等瑕疵現象。 -9- (7) (7)594182 本實施形態之半透過型液晶顯示裝置,凹部RS係對 向於光透過部而配置於對向基板CT,液晶層LQ之厚度 於光透過部上,規定相較於光反射部上較厚之特定値。藉 此,可將陣列基板AR之光透過部,和光反射部之段差之 一部分分擔於對向基板CT之凹部RS。可防止藉由起因於 光透過部,和光反射部之段差之配向不良所產生之反傾斜 或殘影等瑕疵現象。同時,凹部RS由於將透明樹脂層1 7 以微影法部分性開口既可,故無須利用增加成本之蒸著表 面處理法,雷射配向膜形成法等。因此,於高精密化之 中,無須增加生產成本既可確保良好之顯示品質。 又,本發明並非限定於上述實施形態,於不脫離其主 旨範圍之中,可作成各種變形。譬如陣列基板AR之凹部 之面積,和對向基板CT之透明樹脂層1 5之面積之差, 於2 0%以內既可。同時,對應於光反射部之彩色濾光片 1 4,即使去除部分顏色亦可。再者,透明樹脂層6上之凸 部和凹部之差,若藉由陣列基板AR之透明樹脂層6所產 生之凸部和凹部之差爲1 /2以下亦可。 於上述之實施形態中,已說明有關在均勻性模式動作 之液晶顯示裝置,但是,本發明亦適用開始於TN模式或 是STN模式動作之液晶裝置的各種液晶裝置。 同時,於上述之實施形態中,爲了分擔光透過部,和 光反射部之段差之一部分,說明有關液晶層LQ之厚度於 光透過部上之中,規定相較於光反射部上較厚之特定値之 凹部RS,對向於光透過部而配置於對向基板CT之構造。 -10- (8) 594182 於此,光透過部及光反射部之位置關係由於係相對,相車交 於凹部RS之底面較高之位置若認爲凸部時,以可定義來 做爲液晶層厚LQ之厚度於光反射部上之中,規定相較於 光透過部上較薄之特定値之凸部,對象於光反射部而配置 於對向基板CT之構造,但是此構造和上述之構造爲等 價。 〔發明效果〕 若藉由如以上之本發明時,將可提供一種於高精密化 之中,不須增加生產成本,可確保良好之顯示品質之液晶 顯示裝置。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1爲表示有關本發明之實施形態之液晶顯示裝S $ 剖面構造圖。 符號說明】 1,〗1 玻璃板 3,1 3 偏光板 5 層間絕緣膜 7,1 7 配向膜 9 反射電極層 1 1薄膜電晶體部 ρχ畫素電極 2,12 1/4波長板 4 薄膜電晶體 6,1 5 透明樹脂層 8 透明電極層 14 彩色濾光片 16 對向電極 AR 陣列基板 -11 - (9)594182 CT對向基板 BL 背光 dl、d2 液晶層厚度
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Claims (1)

  1. (1) (1)594182 拾、申請專利範圍 1 . 一種液晶顯示裝置,其特徵乃具備第1及第2電 極基板’和保持於前述第1及第2電極基板間,液晶配向 包含藉由前述第1,及第2電極基板所控制之液晶材料之 液晶層’前述第1電極基板包含對前述液晶層之一畫素領 域’反射從前述第2電極基板側入射周圍光之光反射部, 及相較於前述光反射部配置於較低之位置對前述一畫素領 域透過背光之光透過部,前述第2電極基板包含對向配置 前述光透過部’前述液晶層之厚度於前述光透過部上,相 較於前述光反射部界定於較厚之特定値之凹部。 2 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所記載之液晶顯示裝置, 其中’前述畫素領域係以未滿6 〇 μηι之畫素間距所配置。 3 .如申請專利範圍第1項所記載之液晶顯示裝置, 其中,前述液晶材料爲均勻型液晶。 4 ·如申請專利範圍第1項所記載之液晶顯示裝置, 其中,前述液晶材料爲扭轉向列型液晶。 5 ·如串請專利範圍第1項所記載之液晶顯示裝置,其 Φ ’前述第2電極基板包含爲了前述凹部所開口之透明樹 脂層。
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