580531 五、發明說明（1) 本發明係有關 樁載重試驗方法及 力之基樁可達到安 裝置。 按一般之高層 常採用大口徑、高 樁承載力大小的決 通常’基樁承載力 且需於實地進行基 載重。習知之基樁 四所示，係於試驗 上方再設以千斤頂 樁17之上方架設 1 7並以錨碇鋼筋 連結而構成反作用 重於基樁1 1，藉 可推算出基樁1 1 而目前國内、 大多如圖一至圖四 6之裝置，使主樑 於錨樁之鋼筋，以 寸的大小，為使4苗 樁之裝置均採單支 驗時，則需加大主 一種組合式主樑與 其裝置’尤指一種 全、經濟且操作簡 建築物或橋樑等重 承載力之基樁作為 定影響施工費用及 係根據地質資料以 樁載重試驗以決定 載重試驗方法如圖 之基樁1 1的頂部 13及承壓飯14 載重樑（主樑1 5 19與載重樑16 力系統，試驗時係 由量測施加載重與 之承載力。 外以I苗樁為反力系 所示。係以單支載 1 5、副樑1 6交 進行試驗。由圖三 樁之鋼筋可與副樑 載重樑為副樑。惟 、副樑1 5、1 6 副樑系統所構成之基 針對大口徑、高承載 捷之基樁試驗方法及 要結構，於施工時通 承載基礎，因此，基 結構之安全相當高。 理論公式計算得之， 基樁實際所能承受之 一、圖二、圖三與_ 置放承座12，承庫 ’並於基樁1 1及錨 與副樑16)，錨樁 上方之錨碇帽1 8相 以千斤頂1 3施加載 基樁沉陷之關係，即 統的試樁裝置，一般 重主樑1 5及副樑1 又疊置後，分別連操 顯示，受限於錨樁尺 相連接 > 因此目前試 若有大載重之基樁試 之斷面尺寸，增加其580531 V. Description of the invention (1) The present invention relates to the method for testing the load of piles and the foundation piles that can be installed. According to ordinary high-rise buildings, large-caliber and high-pile bearing capacity are usually adopted. Generally, the bearing capacity of the foundation piles needs to be carried on site. As shown in No. 4 of the conventional foundation pile, it is set on top of the test and is set up above the jack pile 17 to be erected 17 and connected with anchors and reinforcing bars to form a reaction that is heavier than the foundation pile 1 1. Inside, most of the devices shown in Figures 1 to 4 are used to make the main beam to the anchor pile reinforcement in inch size. In order to make the 4 seedlings device single-inspection, you need to increase the main type of combined main beam. And its device ', especially a full, economical and easy-to-operate heavy-bearing foundation pile, which is used to determine the construction cost and is based on geological data to determine the load test method by using a pile load test as shown in the foundation pile 1 1 Top 13 and load-bearing rice 14 load beams (main beam 1 5 19 and load beam 16 force system, the load and the bearing capacity are measured by the test during the test. The I seedling pile is shown as the reaction force system. The supporting load 15 and auxiliary beam 16 are intersected for testing. The steel bars shown in Figure 3 and the auxiliary beam load beam can be used as auxiliary beams. However, the foundation formed by the auxiliary beams 15 and 16 auxiliary beam systems is aimed at large-caliber, high- Test method and main structure of bearing pile Therefore, the safety of the foundation structure is quite high. It is calculated by the theoretical formula that one of the foundation piles can actually bear one, Figure 2, Figure 3, and _ placing the bearing seat 12, the reservoir 'and the foundation pile 11 and the anchor And the auxiliary beam 16), the anchor cap 18 above the anchor pile, and the jack 13 to apply the foundation pile settlement relationship, that is, the conventional pile test device, generally the heavy main beam 15 and the auxiliary beam 1 are stacked again, The continuous operation shows that it is limited by the connection of the anchor pile ruler. Therefore, if the cross section size of the foundation pile test with a large load is tested, increase its size.
580531 五、發明說明（2) 勁度，如此才能承受施加載重所產生之反力。亦即，若試 驗載重達5000噸〜6000噸或更大時，則單支載重樑（主 、副樑1 5、1 6 )之重量往往需達30噸〜50噸以上，此 將造成運送、吊放安裝之困難度，甚至無法實施，且所需 費用相當高。因而，工程界常以小口徑、低承載力之基樁 (〇.8m〜1.5m)之试驗結果來推估大口獲基樁之承載力， 如此容易因估算保守造成浪費，或因高估承載力而使得安 全堪虞。 爰是，本發明之主要目 、副樑系統之基樁載重試驗 、兩承載力之基格得以進行 簡捷之目的。 的，即在提供一種組合式主樑 方法及其裝置，使大口徑基樁 測式’且能達到安全、經濟及 前述之載重試驗裝置，係將多數的 、 樑系統，另將多數之載重樑分開平行排歹，重樑並排而成主 碇樑及錨碇帽而構成副樑系統，並^主列j上方並置放錨 交叉疊置排列後，於主樑與基樁門壯 襟系統與副樑系統 以錨碇鋼筋使副樑糸統上方之錯碗帽鱼^夕數千斤頂，並 ，其中可依不同之載重，調整主、，樁之鋼筋相連接 斤頂之數量。如此藉由多數斷面尺寸較、、此之載重樑及千 重樑之組合，取代大尺寸、重量超重乂 h、重量較輕之載 大載重基樁之試驗可行性提高，其之栽重樑之裝置，讓 經濟。 、也工更為容易，亦較為 前述組合式主標與副樑系統基樁 之設備包括：承座 '千斤頂、承壓你 試驗裝置，主要 |鈑、多支載重樑組合而 580531 五、發明說明（3) * r * 成之主樑系統及多支載重樑、錨碇樑、錨碇帽組合而成之 副樑系統等。 清同時參閱第五、六、七、八圖，本發明主要係於試 驗格2 1上方設一椎柱狀承座2 2，於該承座表面依試驗 載重大小設以多數之千斤頂2 3 ，千斤頂上方再放置一承 壓鈑2 4，以利主樑系統之放置。由多支載重樑2 5並排 而^之主樑系統放置承壓鈑2 4上方後，再於主樑系統兩 側^捲2 9上方以父又方式疊置兩支或兩支以上分開平行 f列之載重樑2 6，其上方並置放錨碇樑2 7及錨碇帽2 p =由夕支分開平行·排列之載重樑2 6及錨碇樑2 7、 2 8等即組合構成為副樑系統。然後以錨碇鋼筋2 詖給Ϊ Ϊ之鋼肋與副樑上方錨碇樑之錨碇帽相連結，則 主栂…“逆：頂施加於試驗樁時所產生之反作用力，將由 八*丨樑與錫樁所構成之反力系统來永典，& 14· PR Τ、圭 到試樁之目的。 &刀糸、，先來承受’如此即可達 500嚇目1一啦般所使用之千斤了頁，一個千斤頂最大施力約為 Γΐ 2 ..V ； ^ ^ Λ5〇〇° ^ ^ ^ 1 〇 至1 2個千斤頂。為了大盤舌4 承座，其底部及上部面積2 = 此承座係採椎柱狀 置所須之面積來設計。幻了配合試驗樁及千斤頂放 大載重之試驗，僅採單支載重主 ，實際施作將不可行，本裝 =之斷面尺寸將很大 並排構成主樑系統，使此寸較小之載重樑 試驗載重之需求。 ㈣統之強度、勁度均能符合580531 V. Description of the invention (2) Stiffness, so as to withstand the counterforce caused by the load. That is, if the test load reaches 5000 tons to 6000 tons or more, the weight of a single load beam (main, auxiliary beams 15 and 16) often needs to be more than 30 tons to 50 tons, which will cause transportation, The difficulty of hoisting and installation is even impossible, and the cost is quite high. Therefore, the engineering community often uses the test results of small-caliber and low-capacity foundation piles (0.8m ~ 1.5m) to estimate the bearing capacity of large-capacity foundation piles, which is easy to cause waste due to conservative estimates or overestimated. Carrying capacity makes safety at stake. That is, the main purpose of the present invention, the load test of the foundation pile of the auxiliary beam system, and the foundation of the two bearing capacity can be performed for simplicity. In other words, a combined main beam method and device are provided to enable large-diameter foundation piles to be tested, and to achieve safety, economy, and the aforementioned load test device, which are a majority of beam systems and a majority of load beams. The parallel beams are separated, and the heavy beams are formed side by side to form the main beam and anchor caps to form the auxiliary beam system. The anchors are placed in parallel and superposed on the main column j. The beam system uses anchors and reinforcements to make thousands of jacks above the auxiliary beam system, and the number of jacks connected to the main and pile steel bars can be adjusted according to different loads. In this way, through the combination of most cross-section load beams and heavy beams, the test feasibility of replacing large-size, heavy-weight and light-weight heavy-duty foundation piles is improved, and the heavy beams are planted. Device to make economy. It is also easier to work, and it is also more than the equipment of the above-mentioned combined main standard and auxiliary beam system foundation piles, including: the bearing 'jack, pressure bearing your test device, mainly | sheet, multi-load beam combination and 580531 V. Description of the invention (3) * r * completed main beam system and auxiliary beam system composed of multiple supported load beams, anchor beams, and anchor caps. At the same time, referring to the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth figures, the present invention is mainly provided with a vertebral column seat 22 above the test grid 21, and a large number of jacks 23 are set on the surface of the seat according to the test load. A pressure bearing plate 2 4 is placed above the jack to facilitate the placement of the main beam system. After the main beam system with multiple load beams 2 5 side by side is placed above the pressure bearing plate 2 4, two or more of the main beam systems are stacked on top of each other on the two sides of the main beam system. The load beams 2 6 are arranged in parallel, and the anchor beams 2 7 and the anchor caps 2 are arranged side by side. The load beams 2 6 and the anchor beams 2 7 and 2 8 which are separated and arranged in parallel by the yoke are combined to form a pair. Beam system. Then the steel ribs of the anchor 碇 reinforcement 2 Ϊ to Ϊ Ϊ are connected to the anchor 碇 caps of the anchor 碇 beam above the auxiliary beam, and the main 栂 ... "inverse: the reaction force generated when the top is applied to the test pile will be composed of eight * 丨The reaction force system formed by beams and tin piles comes from Yongdian, & 14 · PR Τ, and the purpose of test piles. &Amp; Knife, first, to bear 'so you can reach 500 scary 1 all right The maximum force of a jack is about Γΐ 2 ..V; ^ ^ Λ500 ° ° ^ ^ 1 0 to 12 jacks. For the large pan tongue 4 bearing, its bottom and upper area 2 = This bearing is designed by adopting the area required for vertebral column placement. The test of magnifying the load with the test pile and jack was performed, and only a single loader was used. The actual construction will not be feasible. The section size of this installation = will be Large side-by-side constitutes the main beam system, which makes the test load requirement of the load beam of this small size. The strength and stiffness of the system can meet
第7頁 580531 五、發明說明（4) 習知試樁之載重裝置， 載重副樑之斷面尺寸亦須很 發明裝置係由兩支或多支小 大斷面之載重樑，並為克服 時’其寬度將大於錨樁之直 無法與錦樁鋼筋相連結之問 樁直徑之寬度排列，並於兩 碇帽，此即構成副樑系統， 樁之鋼筋與錨碇樑上之錯石定 其勁度才足夠時，則兩支栽 樑分開錨樁寬度平行排列， 構成副樑系統。 傳統式基樁載重試驗與 置之主要差異與優缺點之比 前述之各主樑 '副樑系 之載重力予以增加或減少， 頂亦可隨載重力調整其數量 力基樁的載重試驗變為可行 低其施工成本。 若遇大型載重試驗時，則單支 大，此於實際上亦不可行。本 尺寸之載重樑組合來取代單支 兩支載重樑或多支載重樑並排 ’如此副樑上方之錨碇帽將 題’乃將兩支載重樑分開約錨 支載重樑上方放置錨碇樑及錨 然後以錨碇鋼筋將錨 帽相連結。若須採四支載重樑 重樑並排與另兩支並排之載重 上方再放置銷碳樑及銷石定帽而 組合式主樑、副樑載重試驗裝 較如表一所示。 統於架設時，係依據試驗目標 同樣的，設於承座上方之千斤 ’如此，將使大口徑、高承載 ’且更為簡易、快捷，並能降 580531 圖式簡單說明 第一圖係習知試驗裝置之前側視配置示意圖。 第二圖係習知試驗裝置之右側視配置示意圖。 第三圖係習知試驗裝置之平面示意圖。 第四圖係習知試驗裝置立體示意圖。 第五圖係本發明之前側視配置示意圖。 第六圖係本發明之右側視配置示意圖。 第七圖係本發明之平面示意圖。 第八圖係本發明之立體分解示意圖。 表一 習知載重試驗與本發明載重試驗裝置之主要差 異及優缺點比較。 ····♦····· 號 123 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 IX 1± 1± 1± 1± 1± IX 1± •基捲（試驗捲）。 .....承座0 • · ••千斤項。 • · ••承壓板。 •載重樑（主樑）。 •載重樑（副樑）。 ••基樁（錫樁）。 • · ••錨碇帽。 • ••錨碇鋼筋。 •基樁（試驗樁）。 ; ο 1—I 345 組 6786 副 911 222 樑 2222 成 222 樑樑重 重主載 載成· • 而 · • 合 · 2 、 Ο 7統 2系 、樑 頂飯載。樑 斤壓u > Η破碗組 千承 d 統(1^1¾. ^系樑· · 8 重 。。而 樑帽合 基 樑 重 載 > ί副 樁ϊ或二樑 r(叾主 樁錨ίPage 7 580531 V. Description of the invention (4) The load-bearing device of the conventional test pile, the cross-section size of the load-bearing auxiliary beam must also be very inventive. The device is composed of two or more load-bearing beams with small and large cross-sections. 'The width will be greater than the width of the anchor pile, which cannot be connected to the steel reinforcement of the pile. The width of the pile will be arranged in two caps. This will form the auxiliary beam system. The reinforcement of the pile and the wrong stone on the anchor beam will determine it. When the stiffness is sufficient, the two planting beams are arranged in parallel with the width of the anchor piles to form the auxiliary beam system. The main differences and advantages and disadvantages of the traditional foundation pile load test and placement are the increase or decrease of the load capacity of each of the main beams and auxiliary beam systems described above, and the ceiling can also be adjusted with the load gravity. The load test of the foundation pile becomes Feasible to lower its construction cost. In the case of large-scale load tests, the single support is large, which is actually not feasible in practice. The load beam combination of this size replaces single two load beams or multiple load beams side by side, so that the anchor cap above the auxiliary beam will be titled. The two load beams are separated and the anchor beams are placed above the anchor load beams and The anchors then connect the anchor caps with anchor reinforcement. If four load beams need to be adopted, the load beams are placed side by side with the other two side by side, and the pin carbon beams and pin fixing caps are placed on the top. The combined test load of the main beam and auxiliary beam is shown in Table 1. When it is installed, it is based on the same test objectives. The weight of the jack above the bearing seat will "make large caliber and high load" simpler and faster, and it can reduce the 580531 diagram. Know the schematic layout of the front view of the test device. The second figure is a schematic view of the right side arrangement of the conventional test device. The third figure is a schematic plan view of a conventional test device. The fourth figure is a schematic perspective view of a conventional test device. The fifth figure is a schematic side configuration view of the present invention. The sixth figure is a right side view configuration diagram of the present invention. The seventh figure is a schematic plan view of the present invention. The eighth figure is a three-dimensional exploded view of the present invention. Table 1 Comparison of the main differences and advantages and disadvantages of the conventional load test device and the load test device of the present invention. ··· ♦♦ ···· No. 123 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 IX 1 ± 1 ± 1 ± 1 ± 1 ± IX 1 ± • Base roll (test roll). ..... Seat 0 • • • • Jack item. • • • • Pressure plate. • Loading beam (main beam). • Load beam (sub beam). •• Pile (tin piling). • • • • Anchor Cap. • •• Anchorage rebar. • Foundation piles (test piles). ο 1—I 345 group 6786 pairs 911 222 beams 2222 to 222 beams and heavy beams Loaded into the main load • • and • • Combined 2 and 〇7 system 2 series, beam top load. Beam pressure u > Η broken bowl group thousand bearing d system (1 ^ 1¾. ^ System beam · 8 weights ... while the beam cap and foundation beam heavy load > ί auxiliary pile 二 or two beams r (叾 main pile Anchor
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第10頁 580531 表一習知載重試驗舆本發明載重試驗裝置之主要差異及優缺點比較 項目 習知载重試驗裝 組合式主樑、副樑 優缺點比較 置 系統載重試驗裝 ------ 主樑 ----- 置 單支載重樑 多支載重樑並排 •傳統載重試驗裝置 副樑 ------- 組立而成 若遇大型載重試驗， 單支載重樑 --------—-- • 2支載重樑分 則主副樑均須採斷面 開平行排列組 尺寸較大之載重樑， 立而成 此將造成運送、吊裝 • 4支載重時則2 之困難，且費用高甚 支載重樑並排 不經濟，甚至不可 與另2支並排之 行。 載重樑分開平 •本發明裝置係以多 行排列組立而 支斷面尺寸較小較輕 — 成 之載重樑取代單支斷 無 為本發明增設之 面尺寸較大之載重 樑 裝置，交又置放於 樑，運送、吊裝較為 錨樁上方副樑 容易，並可隨試驗載 上*錨碇檷上方並 重大小鐲螫载重櫧之 放置钃破帽•以Μ 獻1•镰為鱷濟•觎 破鋼筋膊鎢建帽 提之試驗裝置·》錢 與鉍袼之鋼筋相 以往熟法繞作之大轚 --— 連結 载重Κ驗變為可行*Page 10 580531 Table 1 Conventional load test The main differences and advantages and disadvantages of the load test device of the present invention are compared with the conventional load test equipment. The advantages and disadvantages of the combined main beam and auxiliary beam are compared with the system load test equipment. Main beam ----- single support load beam with multiple support beams side by side • traditional load test device auxiliary beam --------- assembled in case of large load test, single support beam ------ ----- • For the two load beams, the main and auxiliary beams must be cut in parallel to form a large array of load beams of a large size. Standing up will cause transportation and lifting. • 2 difficulties for 4 loads. And the cost is too high to support side-by-side load beams uneconomically, or even side by side with the other two. Load beams are separated and flat • The device of the present invention is arranged in multiple rows and the support section size is smaller and lighter-instead of a single support, the completed load beam has no load beam device with a larger surface area added for the present invention, and placed On the beam, it is easier to transport and hoist the auxiliary beam above the anchor pile, and it can be loaded with the * anchor 碇 檷 on the top of the anchor and the size of the bracelet is loaded. The broken cap is placed on the beam. The test device for the construction of the tungsten cap. "The steel and bismuth steel reinforcements are similar to those used in conventional methods --- the connection load test becomes feasible *