TW578330B - Structure of micro strip antenna and the manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a structure of micro strip antenna and the manufacturing method thereof. The micro strip antenna includes a dielectric substrate, wherein one side of the dielectric substrate is configured with a radiation patch, and another side is configured with a ground plane. The center of the ground plane is etched with a slot in a predetermined shape. The dielectric substrate is configured with a metal micro strip wire on the other side of the metal ground plane. One end of the metal micro strip wire is adjacent to the edge of the dielectric substrate, and the other end is extended to the location corresponding to the center of the slot. Thus when the other side of the dielectric substrate opposite to the radiation patch is attached on the ground plane, the metal micro strip wire is just formed with 45 degree of angle to one side edge of the radiation patch. Therefore, when the metal micro strip wire receives the beam, it can be coupled to the radiation patch throughthe slot configured on the ground plane to generate the optimized spherical polarization effect.

Description

578330 ---- Icon No. 91124fUQ__Year Month and Day ___ Amendment V. Description of the Invention (1) " Background of the Invention The present invention relates to the construction of a microstrip antenna, especially a metal strip antenna There is a " ten " or " slot on the ground plate. 金属 When a metal microstrip line on the other side of the metal ground plate is fed into the slot, it can be coupled to the phase with the metal ground plate. A radiating metal sheet provided on a dielectric substrate is bonded, so as to create a circular polarization effect. Previous technology: Traditionally, the average patch antenna has the characteristics of small size and strong structure, and Compared with the traditional antenna, it is easy to be designed and installed on a general curved carrier, which does not affect the appearance of the object. In addition, the high dielectric constant and low temperature coefficient of Tao Yan are extremely stable to temperature and have power loss. Low-level advantages can greatly reduce the size of the antenna in different climates, so it can be used in the SMT process' easily combined with RF circuits, for example, today ’s global positioning system or GSM mobile phone As an example, a ceramic patch antenna used in ceramics and other products is shown in the first figure. The most common design of the flat panel antenna 1 to enable energy to be fed is a ceramic material. (Ceramic material) is a substrate 10, which is a ceramic plate made by a molding machine using a mold prepared in advance, and then sintered to obtain the substrate 10. The substrate 10 is above and below. On the surface, a square or rectangular radiating metal patch 11 and a ground plane 12 are printed using screen printing and etching respectively, and a pin 13 is passed through the substrate 10 and Feed the feed end (for example, the same axis), so that the radiated gold

578330

Correct the excitation high-frequency electromagnetic field between the metal plate 11 and the ground metal surface 丨 2 and radiate outward through the gap between the surrounding metal plate 11 and the ground metal surface 丨 2 to measure at the feed end The measured impedance includes both the substrate 10 and the pin j 3. The value must be 50 ohms. Therefore, determining the appropriate feeding position on the substrate 10 will allow the substrate 10 and the pin 13 to Achieve impedance matching. Most of the flat-panel antennas currently used in the business world are made in this way. 'Although the manufacturing process is troublesome, the antenna's overall resonance architecture = and the tuning method are relatively simple. This is why flat panel antennas are widely used commercially. However, with the development trend of component miniaturization, the size of the overall design of the device becomes very important, and even the speed of the process. If the general coaxial feed method is used, it is not only costly, labor-intensive, but also expensive. One more pin is added, so it is difficult to use Surface Mount Technology (SMT), and the loading speed will be slower.

Page 5 Outline of the invention: In view of the shortcomings of the conventional flat panel and the traditional plug-in plug, the inventor has developed a microstrip antenna of the present invention, which is an object of the present invention. Slot on the top (its current resistance is to strengthen the circular ground plates to fit each other and form a rectangular line to face the miniaturization design process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, long-term research and experiment, final line structure and manufacturing method It is the traditional power supply method that uses magnetic coupling of the pin and removes the shape of the "ten" or "wood" polarization effect. It is mainly a dielectric substrate, which is the main shape of the package. One piece of gold in the development design or coaxial line supply) is adjusted to be suitable for the metal & electric substrate 578330 1 ^^ 1124649 5. Description of the invention (3), one side is provided with a radiating metal sheet, and the dielectric material The other side of the substrate is connected to a metal surface provided by the grounding plate, and the other side of the metal grounding plate is provided with a metal microstrip line. The metal microstrip line can direct the radio waves to the light-emitting metal. 45 degrees Feeding in, the radon radio waves are coupled by the metal ground plate to the light-emitting metal sheet to cause a circular polarization effect. In order that the review committee can further understand and understand the purpose, shape, structural device features and functions of the present invention, the following examples are given in conjunction with the drawings to explain in detail: Detailed description: The present invention is a kind of "microstrip Antenna (Micro strip antenna structure and manufacturing method ", please refer to the second a, two B diagrams, mainly including two rectangular dielectric substrates 20 (substrate) attached to each other, and a A metal ground plane 21 (ground plane) for grounding. 'The dielectric substrate 20 is provided with a radiating metal patch 22 on one side, and the other side is a metal provided on the metal ground plane 21. The layers 210 are adhered to each other, wherein a slot 23 is etched on the metal layer 21, and the slot 23 is formed by the intersection of a plurality of rectangular slits of the same size and size, and its position corresponds to the radiant metal At the center of the area of the sheet 22, in addition, a metal microstrip line 24 is provided on the other side of the metal ground plate 21, and the metal microstrip line 24 extends in a direction of 45 degrees with the radiating metal sheet 22 Through the slot 23 The point 230 is that the metal microstrip line 24 can feed radio waves, so that the radio waves can be coupled by the metal ground plate 21 to the radiating metal sheet 22 to create a circular polarization effect. The metal microstrip line 2 4 can be used to replace the way that the pin is fed into the radio wave, and

578330 ^ 虎 9imiUQ_ ^ month 5. Description of the invention (4) t: $ The shape and size of the slot 2 3 to adjust the impedance. In the present invention, please refer to FIG. 2A and 2B, the shape of 22 (patch) can be rectangular, circular, circular, and ~ field shot gas is a sheet shape, but in practical applications, it is rectangular and circular When the isotropic radiating metal sheet 22 is a rectangular metal surface, please refer to the following: when; the four end corners can be cut out for impedance matching: no two shots = the metal sheet 22 is a circular metal ¾, please refer to the fourth figure = When: Fortunately, one of the small rectangular slots 2 and 5 is designed to cause circular polarization. The design will make the space orthogonal (X axis and Υ axis). The phase difference of thunder in polarized waves is different, and antennas with different polarizations emit gold in this jurisdiction: the direction of the gap is also different. The fourth figure shows the right-hand circular polarization. When the metal microstrip line 24 is fed in, the angle is 丨 35 degrees, Θ, ',; the gap of the slit 25 is 90 degrees counterclockwise, and it is a left-handed circular pole fruit. When the radiating metal sheet 22 is an ellipse, the surface can be fed as long as the metal microstrip line 24 is fed in a direction of 45 degrees between the metal surfaces of the elliptical metal surface. It is circularly polarized. Generally speaking, the principle of explaining the flat plate antenna is explained by the principle of air vibration or full wave, and the principle of slot-coupled W transmission line is explained. The polarized flat antenna /, b is based on the above principle, so that its radio waves can be metal microstrips of 50 ohms, and the slot 23 is intersected by a plurality of rectangular slots as described above. Therefore, the shape can be one, ten "or" ice ", and the radio wave is fed from the heart-shaped metal microstrip line 24 into the metal provided with the" ten "or the " *". ground plane), can be coupled to the radiating metal sheet 22, plate,

Page 7 Chengyuansheng ># ^ [匕 文 果 ’In addition, the center point 2 3 0 can be a circle open 578330

Picture number 91124fi4Q V. Description of the invention (5), ^ area, and the metal microstrip line 24 passes through the center point 230, which is one of the requirements for adjusting impedance matching, which exceeds the length of the rectangular gap Between 1/5 and 1/2. Also, in the present invention, please contact us. The sheet 22 series can be made on the dielectric: so, the radiant metal ^. M electric shell i plate 2 0 made by screen printing, The metal surface and the slot hole 23 also form a metal grounding plate 21 i in the form of printing and printing, using a magnetic ceramic material or using a polymer material. The equivalent turn of the transmission line of the Buzhou flat plate antenna,:, 疋 From two orthogonal coordinates (χ = jin flat circular polarized flat plate antenna as an example, take two square square plate antennas from the metal microstrip line 2 4 shovel敕 二 口. For the shape polarization, please refer to the second A and 22; the input impedance "Zln "," χ "axis t #acoustic A ,, h„, wherein the dielectric substrate 20 The length is b, and the length of the long slit in the 丨 丨 γ ”axis is“ Lap ”m” w \ a, and each of the moments passes through the center point 2 3. The excess: the length is produced: af 1 'this Metal microstrip line No. 2 4 'is Wi, where other functions = L0S stands for complex symbol • represents the radiation impedance at X = 0 and X = b;

Z vsb represents the characteristic impedance and propagation constant in the X-axis direction + Xsb · represents the radiation impedance at γ: = 〇 and Y = a; 578330 ---- 91124649_Yueyue Wu 5. Outline of Invention ⑹- -'2 "., · · Cb ”b: represents the characteristic impedance and propagation constant in the γ-axis direction;% ~ 叩: represents the characteristic impedance and wave number of the slot 23; 〇f ^ cf • metal microstrip The characteristic impedance and wave number of the line 24; 2: The ratio of the conversion of the slot 23 to the metal microstrip line 24; [After the definition above, the self admittance Y ap of the slot 2 3 can be calculated as shown below : Therefore, the total admittances γ ta and Y tb of the two rectangular gaps can be calculated as follows:

578330 __91124649 V. Description of the invention (7) Year, month and month, one by one trimming is calculated by the following formula:

a

Therefore, the entire input impedance “Z i η” fed by the slot-coupled circularly polarized flat plate antenna fed by the metal microstrip line 2 4 can be expressed as the following formula: According to the above formula, as long as the metal microstrip line is set, The value of the entire input impedance π Z i η, fed by 24, can be used to calculate the length and width of each rectangular slot, and the length of the metal microstrip line 24 passing through the center point 230. The length and width of the dielectric substrate 20 are equal to each other. This will make the overall design of the present invention have a clearer direction and basis. For the design of the present invention, After the center frequency of the microstrip antenna is tested, refer to the figure 7 for reference (the center frequency can be measured 1 5 8 7 G Η 7 f 丄). The input impedance is 45 · 8Θ ohms. , GHz (as shown in indicator 1), the input impedance dg ohm is quite close, = In general, if the radiation of the main lobe (main beam) becomes more sensitive, the radiation in other directions will become weaker, please Refer to the radiation pattern of the eighth, from the graphical view of the side lobe (back lobe) , The maximum value of side flaps, page 10 578330 ___Case No. 91124649_ year, month, day, and amendment_ 5. Description of the invention (8) (called the front-to-back ratio or FB ratio) is controlled within the definition range of 180 ± 60 degrees, It is known that the radiation directivity of the present invention is good. Generally speaking, the principle of explaining the flat plate antenna is explained by the principle of an empty cavity, transmission line or full wave, and the slot-coupled antenna is based on the principle of a transmission line. Explain that the slot-coupled circularly polarized flat-panel antenna is a combination of the above principles, so that its radio waves can be fed by a 50 ohm metal microstrip line 24, and the slot 23 is composed of a plurality of rectangles as described above. The gap is formed at a point of intersection, so its shape can be a π ten π or "word", the radio wave is fed by a 50 ohm metal microstrip line 24 into the metal ground plate provided with the "ten" or "" 21 (ground plane), it can be coupled to the radiating metal sheet 22, resulting in the effect of circular polarization. In addition, the center point 2 30 can be a circular or rectangular area, and the metal microstrip line The length over which 2 4 passes through the center point 2 3 0 is for adjusting impedance matching. One of the requirements is that its length exceeds about 1/5 to 1/2 of the length of each of the rectangular slits. The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the structural features of the present invention are not limited to this. Any changes or modifications that can be easily considered by those skilled in the art in the field of the present invention can be covered by the patent scope of the following case. ^

Page 11 578330 Case No. 91124649 Amendment Brief Description of the Drawings Graphic Description: The first diagram is a schematic plan view of the feed pin of a conventional microstrip antenna. The second diagram A is one of the schematic plan views of the present invention. The second diagram B is the second schematic diagram of the present invention. The third diagram is an embodiment of the present invention. The fourth diagram is another embodiment of the present invention. The fifth diagram is yet another embodiment of the present invention. The sixth figure is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of the present invention. The seventh graph is one of the actual measurement result graphs of the present invention.

The eighth diagram is the second diagram of the actual measurement result of the present invention. Main component number: Dielectric substrate ............ 20 Metal ground plate ............ 21 Radiation metal sheet ............. ..22 Slots .............. 2 3 Metal microstrip line ............ 24 Center point ... ......... 230 Slots ... 2 5

Metal layer ... 210

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Claims (1)

578330 Case No. 91124649 Month, Amendment VI. Scope of patent application One of the requirements of the distribution, the length of which exceeds about one-fifth to one-half of the length of each rectangular gap. 4. The manufacturing method as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the shape of the radiating metal sheet may be a rectangular metal surface. 5. The manufacturing method as described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the four corners of the rectangular metal surface can be cut out of a triangular surface for impedance matching. 6. The manufacturing method as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the shape of the radiating metal sheet may be a circular metal surface. 7. The manufacturing method as described in item 6 of the scope of patent application, wherein a rectangular slot can be opened on the circular metal surface. 8. The manufacturing method as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the shape of the radiating metal sheet may be an oval metal surface. 9. The manufacturing method as described in item 8 of the scope of patent application, wherein the metal microstrip line is fed at an angle of 45 degrees between the long axis and the short axis of the oval metal surface. 10. The manufacturing method as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the radiating metal sheet is disposed in the center of the dielectric substrate. 11. The manufacturing method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the slot hole may be a cross shape. 1 2. The manufacturing method as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the slot hole may be an * shape. 1 3. The manufacturing method as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the center point may be a circular area. Page 14 578330 _Case No. 91124649_ Year Month Amendment_ VI. Patent Application Scope 1 4. The manufacturing method as described in Item 1 of the Patent Application Scope, where the center point can be a rectangular area. 15. The manufacturing method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the radiating metal sheet can be made on the dielectric substrate by screen printing. 16. The manufacturing method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the metal surface and the slot are made by screen printing and etching on a metal ground plate. 17. The manufacturing method as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the dielectric substrate can be a ceramic magnetic material. 18. The manufacturing method as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the dielectric substrate can be made of a molecular material. Page 15.