TW578011B - Image display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses an image display device, which utilizes a conventional composite mirror to provide a wider viewing angle in the horizontal direction. A directive reflecting screen has a composite mirror and an anisotropic diffuser which are so arranged that the input light beam is transmitted through the anisotropic diffuser, reflected from the composite mirror, transmitted through the anisotropic diffuser, and emerges from the anisotropic diffuser. The anisotropic diffuser is composed of micro-lenses having different width in the parallel and perpendicular direction of the ridges of the composite mirror.

Description

578011 A7 B7

V. Description of the Invention (ii) Technical Field The present invention relates to a projection-type image display device, which is suitable for stereoscopic image display without wearing special glasses with binocular parallax. 2. Description of the Related Art In the past, projection-type image display devices capable of displaying stereoscopic images without wearing special glasses with binocular parallax are known, and there are devices that combine an image projection mechanism and a directional reflection or transmission screen. Among them, directional reflection screens using a combination lens group as a method of collecting light in the horizontal direction to the connoisseurs are, for example, "Three-dimensional Image Engineering" by Otsuko Otsu, Asakura Bookstore, pages 28 and 91-97 reveal. As shown in Fig. 7, in the combination lens group whose two sides are orthogonal, in the horizontal direction, the light rays are reflected according to the direction of incidence. Therefore, an image display device as shown in FIG. 8 includes an image projection mechanism such as a liquid crystal projector and a directional reflection screen; the image signal irradiated on the directional reflection screen is reflected in the horizontal light. Focus the light on the location of the image projection method. Using this screen reflection characteristic, two projectors are set directly above or below the right and left eyes of the viewer, and the illumination becomes a pair of image signals that match one of the three-body image signals according to the principle of binocular parallax, namely It is possible to appreciate three-dimensional images without wearing special glasses. The directivity of this two-sided orthogonal combination lens group, plus the addition of a concave and convex shape on the mirror surface, or the lens effect of the semi-conical lens group shown in Figure 9 Add the vertical diffusivity to get a full appreciation range. The image display device of the above-mentioned conventional technology, because its screen is in the horizontal direction -4-This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 578〇u A7

The light collection is very strong, and there is a problem that the scope of appreciation is very limited. The object of the present invention is to provide a horizontal, square, and one-hundred-square-direction < wider appreciation range < image display device, and the fingers & recognition ㈣ reflective screen with intentional orientation. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention discloses an image display device including a directional reflective screen and an image projection mechanism for projecting an image on the directional reflective screen; a directional reflective screen having a combined mirror group and The rectangular corpus callosum, the red combination lens group and the anisotropic diffuser are configured so that the projected light from the image projection mechanism is transmitted through the anisotropic diffuser, and then reflected by the combined mirror group and transmitted through the universal diffuser; The anisotropic diffuser is provided with a micro lens group and a micro lens group that are different from the width of the parallel line and the vertical direction of the combination _ 〈5 and 500 In the range of micrometers, the width in the direction perpendicular to the ridgeline of the combined mirror group is preferably in the range of 5 to 500 micrometers, and the width ratio in the row direction and the vertical direction of the ridgeline of the combined mirror group is 1.2 to 52. The range is better. Reflected light from a directional reflective screen. When the included angle of the combination mirror is not a right angle, the expansion angle (2§) formed perpendicular to the ridgeline of the combination mirror group and the combination lens group formed by an anisotropic diffuser. The ratio of the extension angle (Θη〇) in the vertical direction of the ridgeline to 2δ / θΗ〇 is preferably 0.75 to 1.2. 'The product of the difference between the angle α and the right angle of the combination mirror (| 90-α |) and the refractive index η of the matrix formed by the combination mirror group, and the perpendicular direction of the ray line transmitted by the anisotropic diffuser in the combination mirror group The ratio of the half value and the full angle of the transmitted light beam-5- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm)

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(| 9〇_ 以 |) &lt; 11/01 ^ is preferably in the range of 0.216 to 0.345. The included angle α of the combined lens is 89 degrees to 91 degrees. The width of the micro lens group in the direction perpendicular to the ridge line of the combined lens group is Ph ', the depth is Pd, the refractive index is η, and 10c_9〇 | (Ph / Pd The value of xn / (n-1) is preferably in the range of 99 to 158. In addition, the angle of the combination lens can range from 60 degrees to 88 degrees or 92 degrees to 120 degrees. In this case, the angles α and p of the combination mirror are alternately arranged, and the product of the difference between the angle Ια-β | of the combination mirror and the refractive index η of the matrix formed by the combination mirror group is transmitted by the anisotropic diffuser. The half-value full-angle eHdf ratio (| p—a |) xn / eHdf of the transmitted light beam perpendicular to the ridgeline of the combined mirror group is preferably in the range of 0.10 8 to 0.173. Alternatively, the angles a and β of the combination lens are alternately arranged, and the width of the micro lens group in the vertical direction of the ridge line of the combination lens group is Ph, the depth is Pd, the refractive index is η, and the value of | a-90 is 99 ~ The range of 158 is preferable. In addition, the present invention is to achieve a purpose, which is to make the incident light transmitted through the diffuser plate, and then reflected by the combined mirror group, and then emitted through the diffuser plate, and the combined mirror group and the diffuser plate are configured to form a directional reflection screen; The diffuser plate has a diffusion characteristic of making the half-value full angle (the intensity is the maximum and the expansion angle is half) of all directions have a degree of diffusion of more than 0 degrees when transmitting the light incident from the vertical direction, and is emitted from a directional reflective screen. The full-angle half-value full-angle diffusion range of the light in the vertical direction of the ridgeline of the combined mirror group is 0.2 degrees or more and 7 degrees or less. In addition, the present invention is to achieve an object: it is to make the incident light transmitted through the diffuser plate, and then reflected by the combined mirror group, and then emitted through the diffuser plate, and the combined mirror group and the diffuser plate are configured to form a directional reflective screen; The diffuser has -6-This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) Α7 Β7 4 V. Description of the invention (There are wells, springs, and springs that enter through the vertical direction. , So that the half-value king angle in all directions has a diffusion characteristic of more than 0.2 degrees', and the directional reflection screen in the combined mirror group <the half-value full angle of the diffusion range of the vertical direction of the edge line ^ (degrees), the directional reflection screen and the appreciation The distance L (_) between the positions satisfies the relationship of ΘΗ ^ 2tan * 1 (35 / L) to achieve the above-mentioned purpose. However, JP-A-H-258697 discloses an extended horizontal direction having the same purpose as the present invention. Appreciation range of the image display device and the directional reflective screen used in it. This bulletin is to achieve a purpose: as shown in Figure 11 of this patent, the length of a semi-conical lens with diffusivity in the vertical direction The direction and the ridgeline of the combination mirror are non-orthogonal, and the semi-conical lens group and the combination mirror group are combined to form a directional reflection screen. Brief description of the figure Figure 1 'Direction reflection of the present invention Schematic diagram of the screen. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the diffusion characteristics of the diffuser plate of the directional reflective screen of the present invention β 'Fig. 3' is a schematic diagram of the directional reflective screen of the present invention. Fig. 4 is related Schematic structural diagram of the directional reflective screen of the present invention. Fig. 5 'is a schematic structural diagram of the directional reflective screen of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram (side view) of the image display device of the present invention. The light trajectory diagram of the combined lens group. It is the general structure diagram (top view) of the prior art image display device. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4j ^ (2l〇X297 ^) 578011 A7

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a directional reflective screen of the prior art. Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view (top view) of an image display device of the prior art. Fig. Π 'is a schematic structural view of a directional reflective screen of the prior art. Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view (plan view) of a prior art image display device. Fig. 13 'is a schematic structural view of an anisotropic diffuser according to the present invention. FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an anisotropic diffuser according to the present invention. Fig. 15 'is a diagram showing the relationship between the half-value full-angle of a vertical light beam reflected by a directional reflective screen and the half-value full-angle of a light beam transmitted by an anisotropic diffuser in the present invention. Fig. 16 'is a diagram showing the relationship between the half-value full angle of a horizontal beam reflected by a directional reflective screen and the half-value full angle of a beam transmitted by an anisotropic diffuser in the present invention. Fig. 17 'is a light trajectory diagram when the included angle of the combined mirror group of the directional reflective screen of the present invention is not a right angle. FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the relationship between the included angle of the combined mirror group of the directional reflective screen of the present invention and the expansion angle of the included angle sub-angle. FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a situation of interference in a stereoscopic image display device. Fig. 20 'is an angle distribution diagram showing the reflection intensity when the included angle of the combined mirror group of the directional reflective screen of the present invention is not a right angle. Fig. 21 shows the expansion angle / half-value full-angle ratio ε and 2δ / θΗ formed by 2% of the maximum intensity of the reflected light beam when the included angle of the combined mirror group of the directional reflective screen of the present invention is not right-angled. Diagram. 8- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 (210X 297 mm)

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578011 A7 --- ______B7 V. Description of the invention (6) Figure 22 shows the minimum value of the reflected light and 2δ / θ 时 when the included angle of the combined mirror group of the directional reflective screen of the present invention is not a right angle. Diagram. Fig. 23 is a graph showing the angular distribution of the reflection intensity when the width of the minute lens sheet is small. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings. Fig. 1 shows a configuration example of a directional reflective screen used in a stereoscopic image display device according to the present invention. This screen consists of a combined mirror group and diffuser with an angle of 90 degrees. Fig. 2 shows the angular distribution of the transmitted light intensity of incident light perpendicular to the diffuser plate. As shown in FIG. 2, the diffuser plate diffuses in the ridgeline direction of the combined mirror group and the perpendicular direction of the ridgeline at the same time, but the degree of diffusion in the ridgeline direction of the combined mirror group is greater than in the other direction. If a directional reflective screen includes a diffuser plate and a combination mirror group having the above-mentioned diffusion characteristics, if light is irradiated onto the expansion plate side, it passes through the diffuser plate, is reflected by the combination mirror group, and then exits through the diffuser plate; At this time, if the specular reflection direction of the emitted light in the ridgeline direction of the combined mirror group and the light incidence direction in the direction perpendicular to the ridgeline are the maximum, it will be performed with the same variability as the diffusion characteristics of FIG. 2. Diffuse reflection. If the directional line of a directional reflective screen with such reflection characteristics is perpendicular to the connection direction of the two eyes of the viewer, and two units including the horizontal distance between the two eyes are set as shown in FIG. 8 The image projection mechanism of the projector, the image signal emitted from each projector has a wide appreciation range in the vertical direction, and there are certain teaching extensions in the horizontal direction. The wider the scope of appreciation of the image display device, the easier it is, of course, __ -9- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (21〇 X 297 mm) ---- 1

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578011 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) In Zhong Shang, but for stereoscopic image display devices that do not require glasses, the appreciation range in the horizontal direction must be limited to the distance between the two eyes of the connoisseur. Quite suitable. And because the directional reflective screen of the present invention can simply integrate a diffuser plate and an orthogonal combination mirror group having diffusivity in all directions, it is also quite easy to manufacture.

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Hereinafter, the most appropriate diffusion range for a directional reflective screen will be described. First, the direction of the connection between the two eyes of the wrong L M, that is, perpendicular to the ridge line of the combined lens group, the larger the diffusion range, the more appropriate it is to provide an excellent appreciation environment for connoisseurs; but for those who do not need to wear glasses For a stereoscopic image display device, when the appreciation range of the image signal emitted by the projector exceeds the interval between the two eyes of the connoisseur, the right-eye image and the left-eye image will be mixed, that is, so-called cardiac interference will occur. Makes the appreciation of stereo images difficult. Therefore, the horizontal viewing range between the images 仏 is most appropriate at the interval between the eyes. According to the 79th page of the "Human Dimension Data Collection for Designers" issued by the Research Center of Human Life Engineering, the distance between the eyes of humans is 49mm to 70mm ^ Therefore, the horizontal direction appreciation range of the image projection method is also It is appropriate to take 49mm to 70mm. For this image display device, each image signal is used to appreciate the appreciation range Rh of the viewer ’s foot in the horizontal direction, the half-value full angle of the diffusion range perpendicular to the ridgeline direction of the combined mirror group, and the distance between the screen center and the appreciation position. L, the width w of the light emitted by the projector can be expressed as RH = W + 2Ltan (0H / 2) ⑴ Therefore, the half-value full angle of the diffusion range perpendicular to the ridgeline direction of the combined lens group becomes ΘΗ = ΘΗ = 2tan'1 ((RH ^ W) / 2L) (2) -10-

8 Here, ΘΗ is as in the formula ............, vv, L: the function of thermal η vv ^ is substituted into the condition that ΘΗ is the maximum value: RH = 70mm, w == 〇mm, you can As follows, the expression is expressed in L (mm) only. Eight ΘΗ ^ 2tan'1 (35 / L) (3) In addition, the common structure of this image display device, the distance L between the screen center and the viewing position is 500 mm to 5000 mm, and the output light width w is from 30 to 30. Therefore, the half-value full angle θη4 of the diffusion range perpendicular to the ridgeline direction of the screen in accordance with the formula (ii) is 0.2 to 7 degrees. The diffusion range of this screen is determined by the diffusion range of the diffusion plate. When transmitting the light incident in the vertical direction, it is necessary to diffuse the full-angle half-value in all directions above 0.2 degrees. On the other hand, the vertical direction of the connoisseur is equivalent to the ridgeline direction of the combined mirror group. In this direction, the half-value full angle θν of the diffusion range between the appreciation range of the image signal and the ridgeline direction of the combined mirror group is the same as the formula (2), and the following formula also holds. θν = 2tarT1 ((Rv-W) / 2L) 鉴 The appreciation range Rv of the combination lens in the ridge line direction is more appropriate in the range of 100mm to 1000mm. Therefore, it is more appropriate that the half-value full angle θν of the diffusion range in the ridgeline direction of the combined mirror group is 0.8 degrees to 90 degrees. Such a diffusion plate is realized by forming a concave-convex diffusion surface on the surface of a light-transmitting substrate, for example. In this case, the transmitted light is diffused after being refracted and reflected on the diffusion surface. In addition, the diffusion range in the horizontal and vertical directions is determined by the degree of unevenness. And when the unevenness of the diffuser plate is arranged non-periodically, there will be no ripples between it and the projected image, and an appropriate image can be obtained. _-11-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (210 × 297 mm) 578011

Furthermore, when light enters such a concavo-convex diffusion plate vertically, the existence of the concavities and convexities can be ignored, and the incident light can be viewed as if the light enters the diffusion plate vertically. In this image display device, one-seventh of the projected light is reflected on the surface of the screen and cannot reach the combined mirror group, and the desired directional characteristics cannot be obtained and form interference. If the surface of the light incident side of the directional reflective screen is a concave-convex diffusion surface, the interference component will be diffusely reflected and become inconspicuous. Furthermore, making a thin film on this diffuser surface that can reduce the reflectance in the visible light field can also reduce the above-mentioned stray light component, which is more suitable for use. As shown in Figure 3, if the mirror surface of the combined mirror group and the diffusion surface of the diffuser plate are formed on both sides of a single light-transmitting substrate, there is no interface that will cause unnecessary reflection in the screen, and there is more appropriate optics. characteristic. However, if it is difficult to manufacture on a single substrate as shown in FIG. 3 due to process or other reasons, as shown in FIG. 4, two transparent substrates with one surface of which is flat and the other surface may be different from each other. Make the mirror surface of the combined mirror group and the diffusion surface of the diffuser plate. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, a planar combination of two light-transmitting substrates is easy to form, so it is quite suitable. Here, as shown in FIG. 5, when the two are integrated with a bonding agent, if the refractive index of the bonding agent is above one side and below the other side, the reflection at the bonding interface can be reduced. Furthermore, if the two light-transmitting substrates and the bonding agent are both made of materials having the same refractive index, it is possible to make the bonding interface non-reflective and more desirable. With processing characteristics, acrylic, polycarbonate, epoxy resin, epoxy resin and other light-transmitting materials are ideal. As described above, the image incident diffuser 'of the directional reflective screen of the present invention can make the screen surface reflection less noticeable. Therefore, for the image 578011 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (for the display device, when the vertical direction of the screen is a flat surface, the mirror reflection image of the projector will not be generated, and a fairly good image quality can be obtained. In the situation, as shown in FIG. 6, a lens is added between the combination mirror group of the directional reflective screen and the diffuser plate: it has a light collecting effect only in the direction of the ridge line of the combination mirror group; because the reflected light will be in the combination mirror group The collection of light in the vertical direction of the ridgeline 'is not affected by the reflection position even if the vertical direction of the screen is flat, and the reflected light will overlap at the appreciation position; that is, the full-screen appreciation area will be wider and more ideal. Here' if The focal distance of the lens is: one half of the distance from the lens to the center of the screen when image projection method I is used, it is not affected by the reflection position of the screen, and the reflected light will completely overlap at the appreciation position. In addition, as shown in Figure 10, these A directional reflective screen is combined with more than three projectors; and 'the parallax image corresponding to the projection position is projected by each projector, so that when the viewer moves in the horizontal direction It can also smoothly appreciate the images projected from the other two projectors, and can obtain an image display device that can appreciate stereo images in a wide horizontal position. This type of stereo image display device is called multi-eye stereo Image display device. Using the directional reflective screen of the present invention in this multi-eye stereo image display device, an unlimited and wide appreciation range can be obtained in the horizontal direction of the viewer. In this case, the image display method The larger the number, the broader the scope of appreciation. However, since the number of image projection methods of this device is equal to the necessary images, the number of image projection methods is increased, and the necessary images are also increased accordingly. In particular, when displaying animated images, many image calculations are required. Here, the actual image projection method is 4 to 8. It is more appropriate. So far, the present invention only describes a three-dimensional image display device. 13- This paper uses Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

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578011 A7 B7

V. Description of the invention (W: there are three-dimensional image display devices that have been used. That is, as an image projection method, it can obtain an image display device: a projector that does not need to throw a plurality of numbers, but only With a projector, in a limited viewing position, the viewer can also appreciate the entertainment equipment of the image. The following is a description of the embodiment of the present invention. <Embodiment 1> The directional reflective screen disclosed in FIG. 3 is used. The structure is used to make an image display device. A combination lens group is formed on one side of the transparent acrylic substrate. The angle (angle) formed by the opposite lens in this combination lens is 90 degrees, and the height of the angle is 0.1 mm. In addition, an anisotropic diffusion surface is formed on the opposite side of the acrylic substrate. The full-value half-angle of the reflected light from the directional reflective screen is 14 degrees in the horizontal direction and 15 in the vertical direction due to the diffusion of the anisotropic diffusion surface. 5 degrees. An image display device, as shown in Figure 8, combines a directional reflective screen and an image projection method. Above the image projection method, you can appreciate the stereogram without wearing special glasses. Image. Here, the image projection method Including the right-eye projector and the left-eye projector, the interval between the light emission positions is 65mm, the output light width of each projector is 丨 0mm, the directional reflection screen and the image projection method &lt; the interval is 700mm. The image display device can easily form a suitable appreciation range, which is 65 mm in the horizontal direction and 200 mm in the vertical direction. 〈Example 2〉 Using FIG. 13 to explain the anisotropy used in the directional diffusion screen of the present invention An example of a diffusive surface. This anisotropic diffusive surface is a collection of tiny lens groups with different horizontal wide ph and vertical wide Pv. Here, because of the -14 of the lens-this paper is applicable in S @ 家Standard (CJNS) Αϋ (2ΐα × 297mmΥ)

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Line 578011 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (12) The depth Pd is constant, so the curvature of the lens is different in the horizontal and vertical directions: as a result, the diffusion angles in the horizontal and vertical directions are also different. The refractive index n of the anisotropic diffuser is expressed by the following formula: the relationship between the depth Pd of the micro lens sheet and the horizontal width Ph and vertical width ρν; the depth is smaller than the horizontal width and vertical width And the full width of the half value of the transmitted beam in the vertical direction is 0Hdf, 0Vdf.

Ph = 8 (n-l) Pd / ((u / 18O) x0Hdf) (5)

Pv = 8 (n-1) Pd / ((Tr / 18O) x0Vdf) (6) Therefore, eHdf / eVdf is the ratio of the horizontal width ph of the lens to the vertical width Pv: the inverse of Ph / Pv. Here, using the appreciation ranges Rh and Rv in the horizontal and vertical directions and the light output w of the projector, the eVdf / eHdf is expressed as: ^ vdf / eHdf ~ (Rh-W) / (Rv-W) (7) Consider The range of use of Rh, Rv, and W: 49 to 70 mm, 100 to 100 mm, and 10 to 30 mm, a range of 1.2 to 52 is more appropriate. Here, considering the use range of the half-value full angles θν and Θη of the directional reflection screen reflected beam · 0.8 ~ 90 degrees, 0.2 ~ 7 degrees, and Example 3, the half-value full angle of the beam transmitted by the anisotropic diffuser 0vdf is preferably in the range of 0.7 to 78 degrees and 0Hdf is in the range of 0.2 to 6.1 degrees. In addition, if the wide Ph and pv of the lens are too large, the coarseness and matteness of the screen will be conspicuous, and it will bring uncomfortable feeling to the connoisseur. After investigating and making a variety of screens with different lens widths, it is known that when the width in the horizontal direction and the width in the vertical direction are less than 500 μm, the rough feeling in actual use will not be questionable. Experiments show that when the lens width is less than 100 μm, the coarseness becomes completely unobtrusive. On the other hand, as shown in Figure 23, if the horizontal direction is -15-this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 ‘格 (210X297 公 ^ ------

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A7 _— B7 V. Description of the Invention (13) When the width of the lens in the vertical direction is less than 5 μηι, the diffusion characteristics of the anisotropic diffuser will be inferior, and the full intensity of the larger half angle will have a larger transmission intensity. . If an anisotropic diffuser with such angular characteristics is used to make a directional reflective screen ', external light such as indoor lighting will be mixed into the viewing position, and the contrast of the image will be significantly reduced. For this reason, the lens width in the horizontal direction and the lens width in the vertical direction are both more than 5 μm. In other words, it is more suitable that the micro lens sheet has a horizontal width Ph and a vertical width ρν in the range of 5 to 500 μm. The shape of the micro lens sheet may be a convex lens as shown in FIG. 13 or a concave lens as shown in FIG. 14. In addition, in order to suppress the occurrence of ripples in the transmitted image and the screen, the minute lens sheets may be arranged arbitrarily. Moreover, although not shown in the figure, the width of the lens can be any size. In this case, it is important that the average value of the width of any lens must comply with the above-mentioned limits. These anisotropic diffusers are formed by ordinary cutting processes or optical methods disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,534,3 86, 5,609,939, and the like, and then they are placed in acrylic, polycarbonate, and vinyl chloride. , Poly (tetrafluoroacetamidine-hexafluoropropane) (refractive index 1.338), poly (pentabromophenylmethacrylate) (refractive index 1.71) and other flat substrates. For this type of anisotropic diffuser, consider the range of use of its refractive index: 1.338 ~ 1.71, the range of use of the half-value full angle of the transmitted beam of the anisotropic diffuser 0 ^, 〇_ 0.7 ~ 78 degrees, 0.2 ~ 6.8 degrees, the use range of the horizontal width Ph and vertical width Pν of the micro lens sheet: 5 ~ 500 μπι, the depth Pd of the micro lens sheet is more suitable within the range of 9 · 3χ1 (Γ3 ~ 20 μιη). Because this anisotropic diffusion surface contains, horizontal wide Ph and vertical -16- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 578011 A7 ——___ Β7 V. Description of the invention (14) The collection of tiny lens groups with different wide Pv can easily reach the most suitable design in the horizontal and vertical viewing range. If the viewing range in the horizontal direction is too large, the left and right images will be disturbed. If it is too small, the appreciation range will be limited and it is not easy to appreciate. On the other hand, when the appreciation range in the vertical direction is too large, external light such as indoor lighting will be mixed in and cause the contrast to decrease; and if it is too small, the appreciation will be reduced In addition, depending on the height p, the radius of curvature r, and the refractive index η of the micro lens group, the diffusion angle of the surface reflected light is arctan (p / r) and 2p / r, and the diffusion angle of the transmitted light It is 2arCtan (p (ln) / 2r)% ρ (ΐ-η) / Γ, and the ratio of the diffusion angle of the reflected light on the surface to the transmitted light is calculated as 2 / (1 · η). The refraction of general resin The rate is about 1.5, and η = 1.5 is substituted to get 4. Therefore, the ratio of the signal light to the observed surface reflection intensity can be reduced by 1/4. This is the calculation method for the 1 axis of the lens; the 2 axis of the micro lens At that time, the intensity of the stray light that enters the eyes of the connoisseur will be reduced to 1/16. In this way, the collection of tiny lens sheets has the effect of diffusing the stray light on the screen surface and making it invisible. Because of 'the effect, It is not necessary to add a non-reflective film. <Example 3> The relationship between the transmission characteristics of the anisotropic diffuser mentioned in Example 2 and the reflection characteristics of the directional reflective screen of the present invention will be described below. Directionality of the present invention Reflective screen, before and after the reflection of the combined mirror group, through the alien The diffuser is twice; the reflected light from the directional reflective screen is wider than the transmitted light from the anisotropic diffuser. According to the experimental results, as shown in Figure 15, the ridgeline direction of the combined mirror, that is, the directional reflection in the vertical direction Screen reflection-17- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (210 X 297 mm)

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578011 A7 —_____ B7 V. Description of the invention (15) The half-value full angle of the beam is θν, and the half-value full angle of the beam transmitted by the anisotropic diffuser is eVdf, which can be expressed by the following formula. 〇v = evdfxi.i5 (8) On the other hand, as shown in Figure 丨 6, in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the ridgeline of the combination mirror, 'When the included angle of the combination mirror is a right angle (90 degrees), the directional reflection screen The reflected light amplitude θη and the transmitted light amplitude eHdf of the anisotropic diffuser are the same as those in the vertical direction, and can be expressed by the following formula. θη = ΘΗ (1Γχ1 · 15 Ξ ΘΗ0 (9) However, when the included angle of the combined lens group is not a right angle, the full-value half-angle of the reflected beam will be larger than the value of θΗ0 obtained from Equation (9). See Figure 17 This shows that when the included angle of the combination lens is not 90 degrees, the reflection direction is slightly different due to the first contact surface, and the light is 2δ wider than the original. As shown by the dotted line in Figure 16, the included angle α of the combination lens group is not The characteristics at right angles are the result of adding this component. The relationship between the 2δ and the angle α (degrees) of the combined lens group is shown in Figure 18 and can be expressed by the following formula: 25 = 4 | α-90 | χη (10) Here 'η is the refractive index of the light-transmitting substrate, and FIG. 18 is the result obtained when the material is acrylic (η = 1.49). Therefore, when the included angle of the combination lens is not a right angle' The reflected light amplitude θ Η of the directional reflective screen in the horizontal direction can be expressed by the following formula: Θη = Θη〇 + 2δ = ®HdfX 1.15 + 4 I α-90 I χπ (11) <Example 4> -18-This paper The scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CMS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 578011 A7 Factory ___ B7 V. Description of the invention (16) This embodiment is a description, A design method in which interference suppression of left and right images is not a problem in practical use, and the appreciation range in the horizontal direction is extended to the maximum limit, and an example of a stereo image display device designed according to this method. The reflected light intensity distribution of the viewing position of the stereoscopic image display device of the present invention (directly above the image projection device) is shown in Fig. 19. The reflected light intensities of the right-eye image and the left-eye image are respectively The viewer has a maximum and wide distribution at the right and left eye positions of the viewer. Furthermore, if the full-value half-value of the reflected beam is expanded to increase the horizontal viewing range, the distribution of the right-eye image will reach the left. The position of the eye, and the distribution of the image for the left eye will reach the position of the right eye. Mixing each image with the image for the eye in the opposite direction will cause so-called interference. This interference phenomenon will cause the connoisseur to produce a significant stereogram. It is like an obstacle to appreciation. If the interference phenomenon is suppressed below 20 / 〇 ', no problem will occur in practical applications. Specifically, the right-eye image is at the left-eye position (point A). The radiation intensity can be less than 2% of its reflection intensity (maximum value) at the right eye position. In this way, on the one hand, the interference phenomenon is suppressed, and the reflection of a directional reflective screen with a wide range of appreciation characteristics is realized in the horizontal direction. Optical characteristics shall be as follows: the expansion angle θΗ2% of 2% when the reflected beam intensity is at its maximum value is as narrow as possible for the half-value full angle θη, and the ratio ε (ΞΘΗ2% / ΘΗ) is minimized as much as possible Ideal. In order to reduce the interference at the same time and expand the half-value full angle of the reflected beam, it is only necessary to make the included angle of the combined mirror group non-right-angled. Figure 20 reveals that the reflected light intensity changes when the included angle of the combined mirror group is changed. The horizontal diffusivity of the anisotropic diffuser combined with the combination mirror group is -19- The paper size is suitable for wealth @ National Standard (CNS) Α4 Specification (21GX297 Public Love)-

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Line 578011 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (17.97 degrees, the refractive index of the resin forming the combined lens group is 15. Here, the angle will be extended. When the combined lens group is at a right angle, the directional reflection of the screen's reflected light 4Half-value full angle ΘΗ0 is normalized. Figure 20 (a) is the case when the included angle is a right angle; Figure 20 (b) is the case when the included angle is 89.85. It is the case when it is not a right angle. When the included angle of the combined lens group is not a right angle, and Comparison at right angles: the reflected light becomes flat near the center maximum, and the reflected light becomes broad. Starting from 50% of the reflection intensity, the shape of the bottom of the waveform moves approximately parallel, and the value of 2% at the bottom of the waveform is relatively The expansion of the reflected light amplitude is small. In order to make this situation clearer, it is revealed in FIG. 21: the ratio ε of the expansion angle Θ 2% of the maximum value of the reflected beam intensity to the half-value full angle θη, and the angle when the included angle is not a right angle Expansion angle 2δ: The relationship between the normalized value 2δ / θΗ0 of the half-value full angle θΗ0 of the reflected light from the directional reflective screen when the combined lens group is at a right angle. From Figure 21, we can know that 'when 2δ / θΗ0 is larger, The smaller the maximum half-value full angle θΗ for suppressing interference phenomena, such as The following formula is shown: eH = eRH / s (η) Here, eRH is: the angle formed by the screen and the two projectors with a distance of rh; the distance l between the projector and the screen can be expressed as the following 0RH = 2sin'1 (RH / 2L) (13) In principle, the projector's interval RH is set between the eyes of the connoisseur, and it can be obtained from formula (12). The horizontal appreciation range is: The distance between the two eyes ". From Figure 21, it can be seen that when the angle of the combined lens group is 90 degrees (2δ = 0), in order to achieve low perturbation, so that ε = 2.5, the horizontal appreciation range is less than half of the distance between the two eyes. However, when the included angle of the combined lens group is not a right angle, the full value of the ε value and the half value of the reflected beam ^^ 20- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm)

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k 578011 A7 ____ Β7_ 5. Description of the invention (18) is inversely proportional, which can make it wider, thereby expanding the scope of horizontal appreciation. From Fig. 2i, when 2δ / θΗ0 is 0 · 75 or more, ε is 2 or less, and the horizontal appreciation range occupies more than one and a half of the distance between the eyes. Returning to Figure 20, as shown in Figure 20 (c), if the difference between the included angle and 90 degrees is larger, the full value of the half value of the reflected beam will be wider, but a minimum value will be generated at the center (Figure 20 (c) The included angle of the combined lens group is 89.6 °). Such reflected light distribution will cause problems in the invisible range in the appreciation range (Figure 22). The relationship between the minimum value in the reflected light and the expansion angle 2δ when the included angle is not a right angle. The horizontal axis in FIG. 22 is the value of 2δ / θΗ0, which is a normalized half-value full-angle θΗ0 of the reflected light from the directional reflection screen when the combined lens group is at a right angle. As can be seen from the figure, when 2δ / θΗ0 is above 0.85, a minimum value in the reflected light is generated, which decreases as 2δ / θΗ0 increases. In practical use, the minimum value in the reflected light has a final capacity range of 70% or more ', so 2δ / 0Η〇 is preferably 1.2 or less. That is, the 2δ / θΗ0 ratio is preferably 0.75 to 1.2. Realize this ratio according to equations (9) and (10): 2δ / θΗ〇 = (4 | α-90 I xn) / (0Hdfxl.l5) = 3.48 I ot-90 I xn / eHdf (14) Therefore, | The α-90 / xn / 0Hdf ratio is suitably 0.216 to 0.345. In addition, substituting equation (5) into 0Hdf in equation (14), 2δ / θΗ〇 = 3.48 I α-90 | χη / {8 (η-1) Ρά / ((π / 1 80) Ph)} = 7.59χ1 (Γ3 I α-90 I (Ph / Pd) xn / (nl) (15) Therefore, | α-9〇 | (Ph / Pd) xn / (nl) is more appropriate from 99 to 158. In Therefore, the included angle α of the practically used combination lens is more appropriate in the range of 89 to 91 degrees. Use Figure 5 to explain and design based on the above considerations: The image display of the present invention is -21-This paper size applies the Chinese national standard (CNS ) Α4 specifications (210X 297 public love 0 'one

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k 578011 A7 B7 Fifth invention description (Direction reflective screen of the device shown in 19). The combination lens group is made on a transparent acrylic substrate. Its included angle α is 89 · 8 degrees, and the included angle height is 0. imin. In addition, On another transparent acrylic substrate (refractive index 1.49), an anisotropic diffuser was produced, which included a vertical width of 7.2 μm, a horizontal width of 100 μm, and a depth of 0.43 μιη is a small lens group; the full-value half-angle of the transmitted light beam is 0.97 degrees in the horizontal direction and 13.4 degrees in the vertical direction; the plane sides of the two are bonded to each other. Here, the refractive index of the acrylic substrate is 1.49 , 2δ = 1.2 degrees, Θ Η 0 = 1.1 degrees, and 2 δ / θ = = 1.1 within the appropriate range of the screen. As shown in FIG. 8, this screen can be combined with an image projection method. A three-dimensional image display device is obtained. Here, the image projection method includes a right-eye projector and a left-eye projector, and the interval between light emission positions is 65 mm, and the width of the light emitted by each projector is 10 mm. The distance between the directional reflective screen and the image projection method is 700mm. When the flat viewing range is 38mm, the interference phenomenon will not be noticeable. In addition, the vertical viewing range is 200mm. <Embodiment 5> So far, the three-dimensional display device described so far can provide one person viewing three-dimensional images at a time. This embodiment is a description of a display device that can provide two viewers to appreciate three-dimensional images at the same time. The structure of a directional reflective screen shown in Figure 5 is used to make an image display device. A combination mirror is made on one side of an acrylic substrate Group. The angle of this combination lens is 85.5 degrees, and the height of the angle is 0.1mm. Using another transparent acrylic substrate (refractive index 1.49), an anisotropic diffuser is produced, which includes: the vertical width is 14.3 μπι, horizontal width of 100 μιη, depth of 0.82 μπι-22-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X297 mm)

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Line 578011 A7 ______B7 V. Description of the Invention (20) &quot; ~ Mirror Group; and the half-value full angle of the transmitted beam is 1.83 degrees in the horizontal direction and 12.9 degrees in the vertical direction. The planar sides of the two transparent acrylic substrates were closely bonded to each other to obtain the directional reflective screen of the present invention. The half-value full angle of the reflected light beam was 2.1 degrees in the horizontal direction and 14.8 degrees in the vertical direction. Here, the bonding agent used is light-transmitting, and its refractive index is approximately the same as that of the light-transmitting substrate material, so no reflection occurs between the interface of the bonding agent and the substrate. Since the combined mirror group and the anisotropic diffusion surface of this screen can be produced independently, it is easier to produce than the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 12 ', combining this screen with the image projection method, an image display device can be obtained, which is on both sides of the projection method, and two connoisseurs can view stereoscopic images without wearing special glasses. Here, the principle that plural appreciators can appreciate body images at the same time is based on the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-186522. The angle of the combination mirror is not right angle, and the incident light is staggered after being reflected by the screen. The rays of light moving in the left and right directions form an appreciation range at the left and right positions of the projector. Here, the image projection method includes the distance between the right-eye projector and the left-eye projector's light exit position is 65mm, the width of the light emitted by each projector is 10mm, and the interval between the reflective screen and the image projection method. It is 1 500 mm. Appropriate appreciation range of this image display device: 65mm in the horizontal direction and 400mm in the vertical direction, which is not only easy to produce but also provides an image display device that allows two viewers to appreciate stereoscopic images at the same time. In addition, with regard to the stereo display device used by plural connoisseurs, according to the method described in Example 4, using two types of combination mirrors (angles α, β) with a combination lens group whose angles are only slightly different, the interference phenomenon can be suppressed. And extended water-23- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specifications (210 × 297 public attack) 578011 A7 B7

V. Description of the invention (the appreciation range in the flat direction. That is, the combined lens groups with angles α and β are arranged alternately to form the combined lens group. The light emitted by the combined lens group with angles α and β is within the appreciation range Concentrating light at a slightly deviated position is exactly the same as the effect of a human display device at a right angle to Shuangxiao. Therefore, 2δ in equation (10) can be replaced by: 25 = 2 | α-β | xn (16 )

The argument is the same as that of the fourth embodiment. Therefore, in the display device used by plural connoisseurs, equations (14) and (15) can be replaced by the following equations. / 2δ / θΗΟ = (2 | α-β | xn) / 0Hdf xl.15) = 1.74 I α-β I xn / 0Hdf = 3.80x10 3 | α-β | (Ph / Pd) xn / (n-1 ) (⑺ Therefore, | 〇H3Un / eHdf ratio is 0 · 108 ~ 0.173, | a_p | (ph / pd) xn / (ni) is more appropriate between 50 and 79. In addition, the angle here is close to 88 of 90 degrees In the range of ~ 92 degrees, the separation of light will be reduced, making it difficult for two connoisseurs to appreciate side by side. If the angle of the combined mirror is below 60 degrees and above 120 degrees, there is no directional reflection effect. Therefore, The range of use of the included angle of the combined mirror is 60 to 88 degrees, 92 degrees to 120 degrees. The possibility of industrial use is as shown above, according to the present invention, it will be possible Appreciate a wide range of image display devices. -24-

Claims (1)

578011 A8 7 beer, &lt; ^ monthly called Amendment / Correction / Supplement No. 090123349 Patent Application Chinese Application Patent Scope Replacement (August 1992) VI. Application Patent Scope 1 · An image display device including: A directional reflective screen and an image projection mechanism for projecting an image on the directional reflective screen; characterized in that the directional reflective screen system includes a combination mirror group and an anisotropic diffuser; the combination mirror group and the anisotropy The diffuser is arranged in such a way that the incident light from the image projection mechanism is transmitted through the anisotropic diffuser, and then reflected by the combined lens group, and then emitted through the anisotropic diffuser; The anisotropic diffuser includes a small lens group that is different in width from the parallel and vertical directions of the ridgeline of the combined lens group. 2 · The image display device according to item i of the patent application range, wherein: · The width of the micro lens group in a direction parallel to the ridge line of the aforementioned combined lens group is in a range of 5 to 500 microns, and it is in combination with the aforementioned combined lens group. The vertical width of the ridge line is in the range of 5 to 500 microns. 3. The image display device according to item i of the scope of the patent application, wherein: the width ratio of the micro lens group to the ridge line parallel to and perpendicular to the combined lens group is in the range of 1.2 to 52. 4. The image display device according to item 丨 of the patent application scope, wherein: the reflected light from the directional reflective screen is caused by the included angle of the combined mirror being non-right-angled and perpendicular to the ridgeline of the combined mirror group The ratio of the extension angle (2δ) and the extension angle (Θη〇) perpendicular to the ridgeline of the combined mirror group due to the aforementioned anisotropic diffuser is 0.75 to 1.2. 〇 is 5. The image display device according to item 丨 of the scope of patent application, in which the size of this paper is suitable for the national fresh (CNS) A4 specification of the rich country &quot; ^ 10X297 mm) A8 B8 C8 '------- ----VI. The scope of the patent application describes the product of the difference between the cool angle α and the right angle (190-ocl) of the combined mirror and the refractive index n of the matrix on which the combined mirror group is formed, and the transmission of the aforementioned anisotropic diffuser The ratio (190_α |) χη / θ · of the half-value full-angle eHdf of the transmitted light beam in the direction perpendicular to the ridgeline of the aforementioned combined mirror group is in the range of 216 to 345. 6. The image display device according to item 丨 of the scope of application for patent, wherein: the angle of the two combination lenses is 89 degrees to 91 degrees, and the width of the aforementioned small lens group in the vertical direction of the ridgeline of the combination lens group is When ph, depth is M, and refractive index is IX, the value of I α-90 I (ph / Pd) χη / (η-1) is in the range of 99 to 158. 7. The image display device according to the item of the scope of the patent application, wherein: the range of the included angle of the combined mirror is between 60 degrees to 88 degrees or 92 degrees to 120 degrees. 8 · The image display device according to item 7 of the scope of patent application, wherein: the included angles α and β of the combination mirror are alternately arranged, and the difference between the included angles Ια-βΙ and the refractive index of the substrate on which the combined lens group is formed The ratio of the product of η 'and the half-value full-angle 0Hdf of the transmitted light transmitted by the anisotropic diffuser in the direction perpendicular to the ridgeline of the combined lens group | β-α | xn / 0Hdf is in the range of 0.108 ~ 0.173 . 9. The image display device according to item 7 of the scope of application for patent, wherein: the included angles α and β of the aforementioned combination lens are alternately arranged, and the width of the micro lens group in the vertical direction of the ridgeline of the aforementioned combination lens group is Phl, depth It is Pd and when the refractive index is η, the value of | α-9o | (Ph / Pd) xn / (nl) is in the range of 99 to 158. -2- This paper is suitable for SS, SS, and A4 specifications (21GX297). 578011 A8 B8 C8 ____ D8 VI. Patent application park 10 · A kind of image display device, which is characterized by including directional reflection A screen and an image projection mechanism that projects an image on the directional reflection screen, the directional reflection screen includes a combination mirror group and a diffusion plate, and the combination mirror group and the diffusion plate are connected by the image projection mechanism; Incoming light passes through the diffuser plate and is reflected by the combined lens group, and is configured to be emitted through the diffuser plate; the appreciation position is located in the direction of the light emitted from the directional reflective screen; the diffuser plate has a transmission When the light is incident from the vertical direction, the half-value full angle in all directions has a diffusion characteristic of 0.2 degrees or more. The half-value full angle θΗ (degrees) of the diffusion range of the directional reflective screen in the direction perpendicular to the ridgeline of the combined mirror group. The distance L (mm) from the directional reflective screen and the viewing position described above satisfies the relationship of ΘΗ ^ 2tan * 1 (35 / L). 11. An image display device, comprising: a directional reflective screen and an image projection mechanism for projecting an image on the directional reflective screen; the directional reflective screen includes a combination of a mirror group and a diffusion plate, and the combination The mirror group and the diffuser plate are arranged in such a manner that incident light from the image projection mechanism passes through the diffuser plate, and is reflected by the combined mirror group and then emitted through the diffuser plate; the appreciation position is located from the above-mentioned direction In the direction of the light emitted by the reflective screen; the full-angle half-value of the diffusion range of the light emitted by the directional reflective screen in the direction perpendicular to the ridgeline of the combined mirror group is above 0.2 degrees and below 7 degrees: the above diffusion plate With light incident from the vertical direction -3-This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210 X 297 public love) VI. Patent Application Fan ': All directions at half value full angle 0 · 2 The nature of diffusion above degree. • The image display device according to item 10 of the scope of the patent application, 1 in. = The range of reading diffusion emitted by the directional reflective screen, in the direction of the ridgeline of the above = broad group, which is more similar to that of the above-mentioned combined mirror group For the big. 13. The image display device according to item u of the scope of the patent application, wherein: the diffusion range of the light emitted from the directional reflective screen described above is higher than that of the above-mentioned combined mirror group The ridge line is large vertically. 14. The image display device according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the combined lens group and the anisotropic diffusion plate are formed on a light-transmitting substrate. 15. The image display device according to item 丨 of the scope of patent application, wherein the light-emitting substrate on which the above-mentioned combined lens group is formed is integrated with the light-transmitting substrate on which the above-mentioned anisotropic diffusion plate is respectively formed, The combined lens group and the surface side of the anisotropic diffusion plate are oriented in opposite directions to each other. 16. The image display device according to item 丨 of the patent application scope, wherein: the above-mentioned combined mirror group and the above-mentioned anisotropic diffusion plate further include a lens body having a function of collecting light in a ridgeline direction of the combined mirror group. 17 · The image display device according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein: the image projection mechanism projects two or more parallax images.