574493 (1) 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬的技術領域】 本發明是關於將可燃性冷煤使用於冷凍循環’並且能 檢測出來自於冷凍循環的冷煤洩漏的電冰箱。 【先行技術】 近年來，世界對臭氧層的保護、地球溫暖化的問題的 關切越來越高，而對使用於電冰箱或空調等的冷凍循環的 冷煤重新評估。現在市面販賣的電冰箱大多數是將H F C (氫氟烴）當作冷煤，H F C冷煤與自然冷煤相比’其地 球暖化的係數較高，而希望將不會破壞臭氧層、且地球溫 暖化係數低的冷煤H C (氫氟烴）的使用製品化。 可是，H C冷煤具有可燃性，當冷煤洩漏時，可能會 發展成火災。所以當冷煤洩漏時需要確保安全性。 因此申請人發明了，會檢測壓縮機的負荷例如負載値 的增加與減少，如果其增加、減少値超過預定値的話，則 判斷冷煤產生洩漏，會通報使用者，並且使冰箱停止的構 造（日本特願2001 — 336602等）。 【發明內容】 〔發明欲解決的課題〕 可是，施加於壓縮機的負荷，有時在門的開閉動作、 放入溫度較高的食物、或冷煤流動不穩定時，會有較大的 變動，如果檢測此時的負載値的增加減少來判斷冷煤是否 -6 - (2) (2)574493 洩漏的話，即使實際上沒有產生洩漏，也可能會因爲壓縮 機的負荷變動而錯誤檢測爲冷煤產生洩漏。 第8圖，作爲一個例子，是顯示：讓冷煤交互流動於 冷藏蒸發器與冷凍蒸發器來冷卻冰箱內的電冰箱的壓縮機 的負載値的變化。 第8圖中，所謂的R冷卻，是將冷煤供給到冷藏用蒸 發器來冷卻冷藏室或蔬果室的冷藏運轉模式中的狀態。F 冷卻，是將冷煤供給到冷凍用蒸發器來冷卻冷凍室的冷凍 運轉模式中的狀態。而停止，則是當冰箱內達到冷卻停止 溫度時，使壓縮機的運轉停止而停止冰箱內的冷卻運轉的 狀態。 在切換到R冷卻或F冷卻之後，由於各空間及蒸發器 的溫度會比較上升，所以會對壓縮機造成負荷，壓縮機的 負載値會急遽上升，之後由於冰箱內及蒸發器的溫度降低 ，所以·壓縮機的溫度會減少穩定，而負載値也會降低。 可是，當門長時間打開時，一般來說爲了防止冷氣洩 漏到外部，所以會因應開門動作而停止冷卻風扇，來抑制 蒸發器的熱交換，暫時性地減少壓縮機的負荷而讓負載値 降低。 因此，即使當冰箱正常運轉時，也會因爲壓縮機的負 載値的變化而錯誤檢測爲冷煤洩漏，而會強制停止冰箱的 運轉，可能會產生這樣的問題。 另一方面，當冷煤洩漏實際產生時，如果沒有採用使 冰箱停止的洩漏對策，則發展成火災的可能性很高，對使 (3) (3)574493 用者可能會造成危險。 本發明的目的，是針對將可燃性冷煤使用在冷凍循環 的冰箱，要提供能防止冷煤洩漏的錯誤檢測，且安全性高 的冰箱。 〔用以解決課題的手段〕 第1發明，具有：冷藏室；冷凍室；連接壓縮機、凝 結器、與蒸發器且使用可燃性冷煤的冷凍循環；以及能事 先檢測出冷煤從冷凍循環的低壓側已經洩漏或冷煤即將洩 漏的情況的低壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段，且具備有：當上述 低壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段事先檢測出冷煤從冷凍循環的低 壓側已經洩漏或冷煤即將洩漏的情況時，則會繼續進行平 常的冷卻運轉，並且使配設於冰箱內的高電壓的電子零件 暫時停止的錯誤檢測防止控制手段。 第2發明，具有：冷藏室；冷凍室；連接壓縮機、凝 結器、切換閥、冷藏用蒸發器、與冷凍用蒸發器且使用可 燃性冷煤的冷凍循環；將上述切換閥交互切換爲切換冷煤 流路讓冷煤流到冷藏用蒸發器來冷卻冷藏室的冷藏運轉模 式與切換冷煤流路讓冷煤流到冷凍用蒸發器來冷卻冷凍室 的冷凍運轉模式來進行冷卻運轉的冷卻控制手段；以及能 事先檢測出冷煤從冷凍循環的低壓側已經洩漏或冷煤即將 洩漏的情況的低壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段，且具備有：當上 述低壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段事先檢測出冷煤從冷凍循環的 低壓側已經洩漏或冷煤即將洩漏的情況時，則會讓上述冷 -8- (4) (4)574493 凍控制手段繼續進行冷卻運轉，並且使配設於冰箱內的高 電壓的電子零件暫時停止的錯誤檢測防止控制手段。 藉由這種構造，作爲第一步驟，會藉由檢測來自於冷 凍循環的低壓側的冷煤洩漏訊號，雖然不能確實地檢測出 冷煤是否產生洩漏，而可早點檢測到冷煤是否已經產生了 洩漏或即將洩漏。 作爲第二步驟，當冷煤從低壓側產生洩漏時，洩漏的 氣體冷煤容易滯留於冰箱內而可能會達到起火界線濃度， 藉由至少停止冰箱內容易成爲著火原因的高電壓力例如 1 0 0 V電壓的電子零件，則即使在不確定冷煤是否洩漏 的狀態下，也能因應萬一冷煤洩漏的情況，可以確保安全 性。 而在冷煤洩漏不確定的狀態，停止上述著火原因的電 子零件的話，即使繼續進行平常的冷卻運轉，也沒有起火 的可能性，會很安全，並且可防止實際沒有產生冷煤洩漏 的錯誤檢測，可以提升冰箱運轉的可靠度。 作爲第三步驟，在不確定冷煤洩漏的狀態，由於僅使 高電壓的電器零件處於暫時停止的狀態，所以即使當錯誤 檢測判斷冷煤洩漏的情況，例如在經過預定時間後也可以 使高電壓的電子零件回復平常運轉。而可以解除錯誤檢測 所造成的情況，並且可以提升冷煤洩漏的可靠度。 第3發明，當藉由錯誤檢測防止控制手段使高電壓的 電子零件停止時，在經過預定時間後或藉由冷卻控制手段 將各運轉模式切換預定次數之後，如果沒有檢測出壓縮機 -9- (5) (5)574493 的冷凍循環有產生異常的話，則上述錯誤檢測防止控制手 段會判斷冷煤沒有產生洩漏，會解除高電壓的電子零件的 停止。 藉由本發明，當實際冷煤從低壓側的配管的針孔等產 生洩漏時，會由於大氣壓力，當壓縮機起動時會吸入外氣 ，壓縮機的負荷會增大，壓縮機會無法對於目標的轉數指 令而旋轉，而會異常停止。蒸發器或凝結器的壓力或溫度 也會產生異常。 因此，在冷煤是否洩漏不確定的狀態，藉由使高電壓 的電子零件暫時停止，則可以在較早階段因應冷煤洩漏， 並且之後如果沒有發現壓縮機等的冷凍循環產生冷煤洩漏 的原因的異常的話，則可確實判斷冷煤沒有產生洩漏，而 可以防止錯誤檢測。 在確實判斷冷煤沒有產生洩漏的狀態，解除高電壓的 電子零件的停止，可提升安全性，並且可解除像習知在檢 測到冷煤洩漏時即使是錯誤檢測也強制使冰箱運轉停止這 樣的不好的情形。 第4發明，在藉由錯誤檢測防止控制手段使高電壓的 電子零件停止時，在經過預定時間期間、或藉由冷卻控制 手段將各運轉模式切換預定次數期間，在檢測出壓縮機等 的冷凍循環產生異常時，上述錯誤檢測防止控制手段會判 斷冷煤產生洩漏，會使配設在冰箱內外的冷卻風扇以外的 電子零件停止。 當實際冷煤從低壓側洩漏時，較空氣更重的H C冷煤 -10- (6) (6)574493 等會積存在儲藏庫的底部’該部分容易達到起火界限濃度 。因此，當冰箱內的洩漏冷煤濃度爲起火界限濃度時，在 開門時，所洩漏的冷煤氣體可能會由於火爐或點火器等的 冰箱外的原因而著火。 藉由本發明，能防止錯誤檢測而能確實判斷冷煤從低 壓側拽漏，並且當冷煤拽漏時’不只是尚電壓的電子零件 ，藉由使其他的電子零件也停止，確實地除去冰箱內的著 火原因，來使安全性提升。 由於使冷卻風扇旋轉，可以使洩漏冷煤擴散來防止洩 漏冷煤積存在儲藏室的底部，可以將冷煤濃度抑制在起火 界限濃度以下。因此，藉由開門讓洩漏冷煤排出到外部， 即使冰箱外存在有火爐等著火的原因，也不會起火，可以 提升使用者的安全性，並且可以防止發展成火災。 第5發明，低壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段，會以預定的時 序將壓縮機的負載値儲存爲基準値，會比較該基準値如果 負載値的增加率超過預定値的話，則判斷冷煤從低壓側洩 漏；這樣可以在較早的階段，事先檢測出冷煤已經洩漏或 即將洩漏。 第6發明，低壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段，不會將開門時 的壓縮機的負載値儲存爲基準値，第7發明的低壓側冷煤 洩漏檢測手段，不會將開門時的壓縮機的負載値與基準値 進行比較來進行冷煤洩漏的判斷。 藉由本發明，不會根據由於冷氣洩漏、或有較高溫度 的食品投入而讓壓縮機的負載値大幅增加的開門時的負載 -11 - (7) (7)574493 値來檢測冷煤洩漏，而可以提升檢測精度。 第8發明，具有：冷藏室；冷凍室；連接壓縮機、凝 結器、與蒸發器且使用可燃性冷煤的冷凍循環；使壓縮機 或凝結器散熱的散熱風扇；以及以及能事先檢測出冷煤從 冷凍循環的高壓側已經洩漏或冷煤即將洩漏的情況的高壓 側冷煤洩漏檢測手段，且具備有：當上述高壓側冷煤洩漏 檢測手段事先檢測出冷煤從冷凍循環的高壓側已經洩漏或 冷煤即將洩漏的情況時，則會停止壓縮機的運轉，並且使 上述散熱風扇旋轉預定時間之後，再使壓縮機再啓動進行 平常的冷卻運轉的錯誤檢測防止控制手段。 藉由本發明，作爲第一步驟，藉由檢測來自於冷凍循 環的高壓側的冷煤洩漏，則可以確實的檢測出冷煤是否洩 漏，可以在較早的階段檢測出冷煤已經洩漏或即將洩漏的 情形。 作爲第二步驟，在冷煤洩漏不確定的狀態，萬一冷煤 洩漏時，會使壓縮機的運轉停止，並且藉由使散熱風扇旋 轉預定時間例如8分鐘，使洩漏冷煤向冰箱外擴散，則可 以不會達到起火界限濃度以上。 傳統構造，當檢測到冷煤洩漏時，即使實際上冷煤沒 有產生洩漏，也會讓冰箱的運轉永久停止，而作爲第三步 驟，在上述冷煤擴散運轉之後，會使壓縮機再起動進行平 常的冷卻運轉，而能解除因爲錯誤檢測所造成的冰箱停止 運轉這樣的缺失，並且雖然由於暫時冷卻運轉的停止而讓 冰箱內的溫度上升，而不會對食物造成很大的影響，可以 -12- (8) (8)574493 繼續進行冷卻運轉。 另一方面，當冷煤實際在高壓側洩漏時，所洩漏的冷 煤會在數分鐘期間流出冰箱外而擴散，藉由冷煤擴散運轉 而可以充分對應，並且之後，即使開始平常運轉，而由於 冷煤已經擴散，沒有起火的可能性，可以如使用平常冷煤 時的冷卻洩漏故障同樣地處理。 第9發明，高壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段，會以預定的時 序將壓縮機的負載値儲存爲基準値，會比較該基準値如果 負載値的減少率超過預定値的話，則判斷冷煤從高壓側洩 漏；這樣可以在較早的階段，事先檢測出冷煤已經洩漏。 第1 0發明，高壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段，不會將開門 時的壓縮機的負載値儲存爲基準値，第1 1發明的高壓側 冷煤洩漏檢測手段，不會將開門時的壓縮機的負載値與基 準値進行比較來進行冷煤洩漏的判斷。 藉由本發明，不會根據由於冷氣洩漏、或有較高溫度 的食品投入而讓壓縮機的負載値大幅增加的開門時的負載 値來檢測冷煤洩漏，而可以提升檢測精度。 【實施方式】 以下根據圖面來說明本發明的實施例。 如第3圖所示，在電冰箱主體1內，由上面開始是依 序設有冷藏室2、蔬果室3、切換室4、及冷凍室5。而 在切換室4旁邊，是橫向並排設置有具有自動製冰裝置的 製冰室。 -13- 574493 Ο) 在冷藏室2的前面，設置有鉸鏈開閉式的隔熱性的門 部6 ，在蔬果室3、切換室4、冷凍室5的各前面部分， 是設有拉出式的隔熱性的門部7、8、9。在冷藏室2與 蔬果室3之間，是藉由塑膠製的分隔板1 〇所分隔，在蔬 果室3及切換室4及製冰室之間是藉由隔熱分隔板1 1所 分隔來讓冷氣獨立流動，在切換室4及製冰室之間則是藉 由隔熱分隔壁所分隔。 在冷藏室2的底部，是配設有藉由高電壓來使光觸媒 活性化來將冰箱內空氣除臭的除臭裝置2 3 ，在上部，則 是具備有藉由檢測門部6的開閉動作的門部開關5 7而在 門部6開放的同時會點亮的冰箱燈2 a。 在門部6的前面，是具備有操作面板6 0，該操作面 板6 0，具備有：調節冰箱內溫度、進行冷卻運轉、切換 顯示等的操作的操作部6 3 ;顯示運轉狀態或溫度的顯示 部6 2 ;以及會發出警報或通報等動作的聲音部6 1。 門部6的開閉動作是與平常的開放動作配合，藉由電 磁線圈等將門部6突出開啓的開門裝置2 5是被設置在冰 箱主體1的上部，藉由設置在操作部6 3或門部6把手等 的碰觸，來讓開門裝置2 5驅動而開門。 在蔬果室3的背部，是配設有：構成冷藏室2及蔬果 室3用的冷卻器的R蒸發器1 4、以及構成冷藏用冷氣循 環風扇的R風扇1 3。該R風扇1 3驅動的話’藉由！^蒸 發器1 4所冷卻的冷氣，在經由導管1 2被供給到冷藏室 2內之後，藉由經過蔬果室3來進行循環’來冷卻冷藏室 -14- (10) (10)574493 2及蔬果室3。 在冷凍室5的背部，由上面開始依序配設有：構成冷 凍用冷氣循環風扇的F風扇1 5、切換室4、製冰室及構 成冷凍室5的冷卻器的F蒸發器1 6、以及用來除去F蒸 發器1 6上的霜塊，由吸熱器等所構成的除霜加熱器1 8 〇 在這種情況，讓F風扇驅動的話，藉由F蒸發器1 6 所冷卻的冷氣，藉由將其供給循環於切換室4及冷凍室5 內，來冷卻切換室4及冷凍室5。 在各室，是設置有用來檢測各門部8、9的開閉狀·態 的門部開關5 7。 在電冰箱主體的背面底部，形成有機械室2 2。在該 機械室2 2內，配設有：壓縮機2 0、由翅管所構成的凝 結器2 7、以及構成用來將壓縮機2 0與凝結器2 7冷卻 的散熱風扇的C風扇1 9。 如第4圖所示，冷凍循環，連接著：壓縮機2 0、凝 結器2 7、及切換冷煤的流動或進行全閉、全開動作的切 換閥2 6 ，切換閥2 6的排出側的其中一方是與連接著F 毛細管3 0、F蒸發器1 6、儲能器3 4的連結配管連接 ，而另一方則是與連接著和F毛細管3 0並排連接的R毛 細管2 9與R蒸發器1 4的連結配管連接，R蒸發器1 4 的出口側則是被連接在F毛細管3 0的出口側與F蒸發器 1 6的入口側之間。 切換閥2 6 ，是具有切換成：將冷煤供給到F毛細管 -15- (11) (11)574493 3 〇、F蒸發器1 6側的冷凍運轉模式、以及將冷煤供給 到R毛細管2 9、R蒸發器1 4側的冷藏運轉模式的機能 。上述冷煤，是使用可燃性冷煤（例如H C冷煤）。 冷卻運轉控制裝置7 0，如第5圖的方塊圖所示，是 藉由：門部開關5 7、用來檢測各室內的溫度及外部氣溫 的溫度感應器5 8、用來檢測各蒸發器的溫度的蒸發器溫 度感應器5 9、以及操作面板6 0的溫度調節等訊號，爲 了對目標溫度來維持冰箱內溫度，通電控制：壓縮機2 0 、風扇、除霜加熱器1 8等來進行冷卻運轉。 用來冷藏冷藏室2或蔬果室3的冷藏運轉模式，會將 切換閥2 6切換到R蒸發器1 4側，並且驅動R風扇1 3 、C風扇1 9。 另一方面，當要執行用來冷卻冷凍室5的冷凍運轉模 式時，會將切換閥2 6切換到F蒸發器1 6側，並且驅動 F風扇1 5、C風扇1 9。藉由F蒸發器1 6所冷卻的冷 氣，會藉由F風扇1 4的送風作用被供給到冷凍室5 ’並 且冷卻切換室或製冰室。切換室4，會藉由阻尼器來調節 冷氣的供應量讓其成爲設定溫度。 R風扇1 3 ，在冷凍運轉模式中也會驅動，會促進除 去附著在R蒸發器1 4上的霜塊，藉由該除霜動作讓霜塊 氣化，由於使該高溼度冷氣在冷藏室5內循環，所以可以 提高冷藏室5的溼度。 雖然上述的各運轉模式是交互切換來冷卻各室部來進 行平常的冷卻運轉，而例如當從冷藏運轉模式移向冷凍運 -16- (12) (12)574493 轉模式時’當冷藏運轉模式經過預定時間例如2 〇分鐘時 、或冷藏室2達到冷卻停止溫度，且當冷凍室5相對於目 標溫度上升了例如2 °C以上時，則會切換運轉模式。 除霜運轉模式，是在經過壓縮機2 0的累積運轉時間 例如8小時之後，會通電到除霜加熱器1 8進行F蒸發器 1 6的除霜，當F蒸發器1 6的溫度達到預定溫度例如 3 °C時則結束除霜動作。而針對R蒸發器1 4，如上述， 藉由將R風扇1 3經常運轉，則可在各冷凍運轉模式中進 行除霜。 即使在進行平常的冷卻運轉時，把後述的低壓側冷煤 洩漏檢測手段7 1、高壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段7 2、錯誤 檢測防止控制手段7 3的訊號輸入到冷卻控制手段7 0， 根據該訊號來進行運轉控制。 接著，當事先檢測出冷煤已經從低壓側的冷凍循環產 生洩漏或冷煤即將洩漏時，根據第1圖的流程圖來說明低 壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段7 1及錯誤檢測防止控制手段7 3 的構造及動作來加以說明。 在冷卻運轉開始之後，在進行平常的冷卻運轉的步驟 1 ( S 1 )的階段，進入到步驟2。 在步驟2中，如果門部是開放著的話，會對壓縮機 2 0造成負荷，則無法判斷其負載値是否爲正常狀態，所 以會檢測是否處於關門狀態（S 2 )，如果是關門中則會 進入步驟3。 此時，在關門之後，由於可看出壓縮機2 0的負載値 -17- (13) (13)574493 有很大的變動，所以也可以從檢測到關門開始，經過預定 時間例如5分鐘後，則判斷爲關門狀態。 在步驟3中，會檢測：進行了運轉模式的切換、或_ 更了壓縮機的轉數（S 3 )，如果沒有進行切換則進A到 步驟4，如果有進行切換則進入到步驟5，設定基準負載 値（S 5 )。 當切換了運轉模式時，各運轉模式的壓縮機2 0的胃 載値會不同，所以不能比較運轉模式切換前後的負載値， 而如果變更壓縮機2 0的轉數的話，負載値也會一倂變十七 ，該情況也是同樣地進行。 在步驟4 ( S 4 )中，當設定作爲基準的基準負載値 時，進入到步驟6，在加上電源時，當沒有設定基準負載 値的狀態時，藉由回到步驟2，在壓縮機2 0成爲穩定狀 態之前，不設定基準負載値。 在步驟5中，判斷壓縮機2 0爲穩定狀態，則將壓縮 機2 0的負載値作爲基準負載値儲存在微電腦（s 5 )。 此時，在運轉模式的切換或轉數變更之後，壓縮機2 〇的 負載値並不穩定，所以最好是將經過預定時間例如2分鐘 之後的負載値儲存爲基準負載値。 而在壓縮機2 0的停止中、除霜運轉模式中、當進行 停止壓縮等動作時，不能從壓縮機2 0檢測出適當的負載 値，所以在上述的情況不能進行檢測。 在步驟6 ，如果門部是處於開放狀態，則不能判斷施 加於壓縮機2 0的負荷是否爲平常狀態，會檢測是否處於 -18- (14) (14)574493 關門狀態（s 6 ).，如果是關門狀態則進入到步驟7。 在步驟7中，會檢測壓縮機2 0的負載値，將現在的 負載値與基準負載値進行比較，如果其增加率在預定値以 上，例如在1 0 %以上的話，則判斷冷煤從低壓側洩漏（ S 7 )，進入到步驟8。 這裡根據第6圖來說明在冷凍循環的蒸發器的低壓側 產生冷煤洩漏時的負載値的變化。 發生冷煤洩漏的話，由於是低壓側，所以會從冷煤洩 漏的針孔吸入外氣，會對壓縮機2 0造成負荷讓負載値上 升。 因此，在關門期間且在同一冷卻運轉中，當負載値的 增加率在預定値以上時，則檢測爲冷煤從低壓側洩漏。此 時，在初期階段，由於會吸入外氣，所以冷煤不會洩漏， 會由於壓縮機2 0的停止而讓冷煤開始洩漏，而可以事先 檢測出冷煤即將洩漏。 而在壓縮機2 0的停止中、除霜運轉模式中、當進行 停止壓縮等動作時，不能從壓縮機2 〇檢測出適當的負載 値，所以在上述的情況不能進行檢測。 以上的步驟1〜步驟7是低壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段 7 1的動作。接下來針對錯誤檢測防止控制手段7 3來加 以說明。 在步驟7，雖然檢測出冷煤是否從低壓側洩漏，而當 冷凍循環的狀態不穩定時，或放入溫度較高的食物時，會 對壓縮機2 0造成負荷，與冷煤從低壓側洩漏的情況相同 -19- (15) (15)574493 會讓負載値上升。 可是，由於有時實際是冷煤洩漏，所以在步驟8，雖 然是不確定冷煤是否產生洩漏的狀態，而萬一是冷煤洩漏 ，會使高電壓的電子零件停止（S 8 )。 這裡所謂的高電壓的電子零件，是萬一配線切斷或故 障時會產生火花放電的電子零件，在本發明的實施例中， 會使除臭裝置2 3停止。雖然使其停止特別是使冷卻性能 沒有故障的停止。如果有防範爆炸的對策，則即使產生冷 煤洩漏也不會起火，可讓安全性更好。 開門裝置2 5 ，由於是高電壓的電子零件，雖然也可 以使其停止，而配設在冰箱外，而且如果在冷煤洩漏不確 定的狀態使其停止的話，當冷煤沒有洩漏時會讓使用者有 不信任感，所以不使其停止較好。 在步驟9 ’會檢測出壓縮機2 0是否異常停止（S 9 )，如果沒有異常停止的話則進入到步驟1 〇 ，如果異常 停止的話則進入到步驟1 1。 如第8圖所示，在冷煤沒有洩漏的狀態，即使負載値 有變動，經過一段時間則會回復到穩定的狀態，而如第6 圖所示，實際上冷煤洩漏時，會吸入外氣，所以壓縮機的 負載値會增加。這樣一來，相對於對壓縮機2 〇的轉數指 令，高負荷的壓縮機2 0就無法如指令來旋轉，會判斷爲 冷凍循環或壓縮機產生異常而異常停止。 於是，在低壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段7 1檢測出冷煤洩 漏，並且在錯誤檢測防止控制手段7 3，當壓縮機2 0異 -20- (16) (16)574493 常停止時，則可以確實判斷冷煤產生洩漏，並且如果壓縮 機2 0沒有異常停止的話，則判斷是因爲其他原因，暫時 讓負載値產生變化，可以防止低壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段 7 1的錯誤檢測。 在步驟1 0，會檢測是否經過預定時間、或運轉模式 是否運轉了預定次數（S 10)。 即使發生冷煤洩漏，如果沒有經過一定程度的時間的 話，壓縮機2 0不會異常停止，如果沒有經過預定時間例 如一小時，則會回到步驟9。此時，也可以讓運轉模式達 到預定次數例如反覆三次爲基準來進行判斷。 即使經過預定時間，而壓縮機2 0沒有異常停止的話 ，則可以判斷爲暫時性的負載値的變動，會回到步驟1進 行平常的冷卻運轉。此時，會解除在冷煤洩漏不確定的狀 態停止運轉的高電壓的電子零件的停止狀態。 在步驟1 1 ，藉由錯誤檢測防止控制手段7 3 ，會事 先檢測出冷煤已經洩漏或即將洩漏，會進行冷煤洩漏控制 〇 藉由將切換閥2 6完全關閉來驅動壓縮機2 0 ，將沒 有洩漏的冷煤封入於高壓側讓冷煤不會從針孔排出，然後 使壓縮機2 0完全停止。 藉由使沒有停止運轉的其他電子零件停止，則完全排 除了冰箱內的著火原因，可以提高安全性。 爲了讓洩漏冷煤不滯留在儲藏室的底部，藉由驅動R 風扇1 3、F風扇1 5、C風扇1 9 ，而可以讓冰箱內不 -21 - (17) (17)574493 會達到起火界線濃度。此時，各風扇可採用防爆構造、或 採用無電刷式馬達，讓其構造不會成爲著火的原因。 在全部動作結束的階段，藉由顯示部6 2或聲音部 6 1來通報冷煤發生洩漏的情形。 接著，當檢測出冷煤已經從高壓側的冷凍循環產生洩 漏時，根據第2圖的流程圖來說明高壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手 段7 2及錯誤檢測防止控制手段7 3的構造及動作來加以 說明。 在步驟2 0，冷卻運轉開始之後，進行平常的冷卻運 轉（S 2 0 )。 在步驟2 1中，如果門部是開放著的話，會對壓縮機 2 0造成負荷，則無法判斷其是否爲正常狀態，所以會檢 測是否處於關門狀態（S 2 1 )，如果是關門中則會進入 步驟2 2。 此時，在關門之後，由於可看出壓縮機2 0的負載値 有很大的變動，所以也可以從檢測到關門開始，經過預定 時間例如5分鐘後，則判斷爲關門狀態。 在步驟2 2中，會檢測：進行了運轉模式的切換、或 變更了壓縮機的轉數（S 2 2 )，如果沒有進行切換則進 入到步驟2 3 ，如果有進行切換則進入到步驟2 4。 當切換了運轉模式時，相對於前運轉模式的壓縮機 2 0的負載値會不同，所以不能比較運轉模式切換前後的 負載値。而如果變更壓縮機2 0的轉數的話，負載値也會 一倂變化，該情況也是同樣地進行。 -22- (18) (18)574493 在步驟2 3中，當設定作爲基準的基準負載値時，進 入到步驟2 5 ，在加上電源時，當沒有設定基準負載値的 狀態時，藉由回到步驟2 1 ( S 2 3 )，在壓縮機2 0成 爲穩定狀態之前，不設定基準負載値。 在步驟2 4中，判斷壓縮機2 0爲穩定狀態，則將壓 縮機2 0的負載値作爲基準負載値儲存在微電腦（S 2 4 )。此時，在運轉模式的切換或轉數變更之後，壓縮機 2 0的負載値並不穩定，所以最好是將經過預定時間例如 2分鐘之後的負載値儲存爲基準負載値。而在壓縮機2 0 的停止中、除霜運轉模式中、當進行停止壓縮等動作時， 不能從壓縮機2 0檢測出適當的負載値，所以在上述的情 況不能進行檢測。 在步驟2 5 ’如果門部是處於開放狀態，則不能判斷 施加於壓縮機2 0的負荷是否爲平常狀態，會檢測是否處 於關門狀態（S 2 5 )，如果是關門狀態則進入到步驟 2 6° 在步驟2 6中，會檢測現在壓縮機2 0的負載値，將 現在的負載値與基準負載値進行比較，如果其減少率在預 定値以上，例如在1 〇 %以上的話，則判斷冷煤從高壓側 拽漏（S 2 6 )，進入到步驟2 7。 這裡根據第7圖的曲線圖來說明在冷凍循環的高壓側 產生冷煤洩漏時的負載値的變化。 在高壓側的配管連接部等產生龜裂或針孔的話，由於 冷煤是高壓的’所以冷煤大致同時會從管內漏出。這樣一 (19) (19)574493 來，施加於壓縮機2 0的負荷減輕會讓負載値有減少的趨 向。 因此，在關門期間且在同一冷卻運轉中，當負載値的 減少率在預定値以上時，則檢測爲冷煤從高壓側洩漏。而 在壓縮機2 0的停止中、除霜運轉模式中、當進行停止壓 縮等動作時，不能從壓縮機2 0檢測出適當的負載値，所 以在上述的情況不能進行檢測。 以上的步驟2 0〜步驟2 6是高壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手 段7 2的動作。接下來針對錯誤檢測防止控制手段7 3來 加以說明。雖然檢測出冷煤是否從高壓側洩漏，而當冷凍 循環的狀態不穩定時，或對壓縮機2 0的負荷減少時，與 冷煤從高壓側洩漏的情況相同會讓負載値減少。 可是，由於有時實際是冷煤洩漏，所以在步驟2 6， 雖然是不確定冷煤是否產生洩漏的狀態，而萬一是冷煤洩 漏，在步驟2 7，會進行高壓側冷煤洩漏控制（S 2 7 ) 而進入到步驟2 8。 當在高壓側產生冷煤洩漏時，因爲吐出冷煤的壓力很 大，所以會在2、3分鐘內流出。因此，作爲高壓側冷煤 洩漏控制，會關閉切換閥2 6來使壓縮機2 0停止預定時 間例如8分鐘，並且會使C風扇1 9旋轉，來使從高壓側 洩漏的冷煤擴散。 在步驟2 8中，會檢測上述冷煤洩漏控制是否經過預 定時間也就是8分鐘，如果經過8分鐘的話，會進入步驟 2 〇 ，再回到平常的冷卻控制。 -24- (20) (20)574493 即使由於錯誤檢測來檢測出冷煤從高壓側洩漏，而實 際上冷煤沒有洩漏時，由於冰箱的運轉停止時間爲數分鐘 ，雖然冰箱內的溫度稍微上升，對食物並不會有很大的影 響，不會像傳統方式使冰箱的運轉永久停止對使用者帶來 的不方便。 另一方面，即使實際上冷煤產生洩漏，由於進行了預 定時間的使冷煤擴散的冷煤洩漏控制，所以在回復運轉之 前會確實的讓設置場所的空氣降到起火界限濃度以下，可 以維持安全性。而藉由將切換閥關閉，冷煤不會殘留於低 壓側，即使回復運轉，冷煤也不會漏出，不會有起火的可 能性。 在回復運轉之後，由於冷煤全部流出而無法冷卻冰箱 內部，會檢測出蒸發器異常高溫化而也可以向使用者通報 產生冷煤洩漏，與使用平常的冷煤的情況同樣的，只要注 意冰箱內部不冷所造成的故障情形即可。 以上，藉由本發明的構造，藉由在初期的階段檢測出 在低壓側或高壓側產生冷煤洩漏，可以提昇安全性，並且 藉由錯誤檢測防止控制手段，可防止錯誤檢測而提昇冷煤 洩漏檢測手段的精確度。而可抑制起火的可能性，並且不 會因爲錯誤檢測而對冰箱的冷卻運轉造成影響。 上述的構造說明了本發明的一種實施方式，只要不脫 離本發明的主旨可以進行變更或加以組合應用，冷凍循環 的構造、對應冷煤洩漏、預定時間的設定，當然是用最適 合冰相型態的構造’冷煤丨曳漏檢測手段，也可以藉由蒸發 -25- (21) (21)574493 器、壓縮機、凝結器等的溫度異常來檢測出，也可以使用 冷煤洩漏感應器。 〔發明效果〕 針對將可燃性冷煤使用在冷凍循環的電冰箱，可以獲 得能防止冷煤洩漏的錯誤檢測，並且安全性高的電冰箱。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖是顯示本發明的冷凍循環的低壓側的冷煤洩漏 對應方式的流程圖。 第2圖是顯示本發明的冷凍循環的高壓側的冷煤洩漏 對應方式的流程圖。 第3圖是顯示本發明的實施方式的冰箱的縱剖面圖。 第4圖是顯示第3圖的冷凍循環的說明圖。 第5圖是顯示本發明的實施方式的控制方塊圖。 第6圖是顯示在低壓側冷煤產生洩漏時的壓縮機的負 載値變動的曲線圖。 第7圖是顯示在高壓側冷煤產生洩漏時的壓縮機的負 載値變動的曲線圖。 第8圖是顯示在開啓門部時的壓縮機的負載値變動的 曲線圖。 〔圖號說明〕 1 :冰箱主體 -26- (22) (22)574493 2 :冷藏室 3 :蔬果室 5 :冷凍室 1 3 : R風扇 1 4 : R蒸發器 1 5 : F風扇 1 6 : F蒸發器 1 9 : C風扇 2 0 :壓縮機 2 3 :除臭裝置 2 6 :切換閥 2 7 :凝結器 5 7 :門部開關 7 0 :冷卻控制手段 7 1 :低壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段 7 2 :高壓側冷煤洩漏檢測手段 7 3 :錯誤檢測防止控制手段 -27-574493 (1) 发明. Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a refrigerator that uses combustible cold coal in a refrigeration cycle 'and can detect leakage of cold coal from the refrigeration cycle. [Advanced technology] In recent years, the world has become more and more concerned about the protection of the ozone layer and the global warming, and re-evaluation of cold coal used in refrigeration cycles such as refrigerators and air conditioners. Most refrigerators on the market today use HFC (hydrofluorocarbon) as cold coal. Compared with natural cold coal, HFC cold coal has a higher global warming coefficient, and it is hoped that it will not damage the ozone layer and the earth The use of cold coal HC (hydrofluorocarbon) with low warming coefficient has been produced. However, H C cold coal is flammable, and when cold coal leaks, it may develop into a fire. Therefore, safety should be ensured when cold coal leaks. Therefore, the applicant has invented a structure that detects the load of the compressor such as the increase and decrease of the load, and if the increase and decrease of the load exceeds a predetermined value, it is judged that the cold coal has leaked, and the user is notified, and the structure of stopping the refrigerator ( Japan ’s special wish 2001 — 336602 etc.). [Summary of the Invention] [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the load applied to the compressor may fluctuate greatly when the door is opened and closed, when food is placed at a high temperature, or when the flow of cold coal is unstable. If the increase and decrease of the load 値 at this time is detected to determine whether the cold coal leaks-6-(2) (2) 574493, even if no leakage actually occurs, it may be incorrectly detected as cold due to the load change of the compressor. Coal leaks. Fig. 8 shows, as an example, the change in load 値 of a compressor of a refrigerator in which a cold coal is allowed to flow alternately between a refrigerating evaporator and a freezing evaporator to cool a refrigerator in the refrigerator. In Fig. 8, R cooling refers to a state in which the cold coal is supplied to the refrigerating evaporator to cool the refrigerating compartment or the fruit and vegetable compartment in a refrigerating operation mode. F Cooling is a state in the freezing operation mode in which cold coal is supplied to the freezing evaporator to cool the freezing chamber. On the other hand, when the temperature in the refrigerator reaches the cooling stop temperature, the operation of the compressor is stopped and the cooling operation in the refrigerator is stopped. After switching to R cooling or F cooling, the temperature of each space and evaporator will increase, so it will cause a load on the compressor, and the load of the compressor will increase sharply. After that, the temperature in the refrigerator and the evaporator will decrease. Therefore, the temperature of the compressor will decrease and the load will decrease. However, when the door is opened for a long time, in general, in order to prevent the cold air from leaking to the outside, the cooling fan is stopped in response to the door opening operation to suppress the heat exchange of the evaporator, temporarily reduce the load on the compressor, and reduce the load. . Therefore, even when the refrigerator is operating normally, it is erroneously detected as a leak of cold coal due to a change in the load 値 of the compressor, and the operation of the refrigerator is forcibly stopped, which may cause such a problem. On the other hand, when a leak of cold coal actually occurs, if there is no leakage countermeasure to stop the refrigerator, the possibility of developing a fire is very high, which may cause danger to the user (3) (3) 574493. The object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerator with high safety, which can prevent erroneous detection of cold coal leakage, and is aimed at refrigerators using combustible cold coal in a refrigeration cycle. [Means for Solving the Problems] The first invention includes: a refrigerating compartment; a freezing compartment; a refrigerating cycle that connects a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator and uses flammable cold coal; and can detect in advance the refrigerating cycle of cold coal from the refrigerating cycle The low-pressure side cold coal leak detection means of the case where the low-pressure side has leaked or the cold coal is about to leak, and includes: when the low-pressure side cold coal leak detection means detects in advance that the cold coal has leaked or the cold coal from the low-pressure side of the refrigeration cycle When a leak is imminent, the normal cooling operation is continued, and an error detection prevention control means that temporarily stops high-voltage electronic components arranged in the refrigerator. The second invention includes: a refrigerating compartment; a freezing compartment; a compressor, a condenser, a switching valve, a refrigerating evaporator, and a refrigerating cycle using a flammable cold coal; and alternately switching the switching valve to switching The cold coal flow path allows cold coal to flow to the refrigerating evaporator to cool the refrigerating compartment, and the cold coal flow path allows cold coal to flow to the refrigerating evaporator to cool the freezing operation mode for cooling operation. Control means; and low-pressure side cold coal leak detection means that can detect in advance that cold coal has leaked from the low-pressure side of the refrigeration cycle or that cold coal is about to leak, and has: when the low-pressure side cold coal leak detection means detects in advance When the cold coal has leaked from the low-pressure side of the refrigeration cycle or the cold coal is about to leak, it will let the above cold -8- (4) (4) 574493 freeze control means continue the cooling operation, and make the High-voltage electronic parts temporarily stop false detection prevention control means. With this structure, as the first step, the cold coal leakage signal from the low-pressure side of the refrigeration cycle is detected. Although it cannot be surely detected whether the cold coal has leaked, it can be detected earlier whether the cold coal has been generated. Leaked or about to leak. As a second step, when the cold coal leaks from the low-pressure side, the leaked gas cold coal is likely to stay in the refrigerator and may reach the fire boundary concentration. At least stop the high voltage force that is likely to cause a fire in the refrigerator, such as 10 The 0 V voltage electronic components can ensure safety even if the cold coal leaks, even if the cold coal leaks. In the state where the leak of cold coal is uncertain, if the electronic components causing the fire are stopped, even if the normal cooling operation is continued, there is no possibility of fire, it is safe, and it can prevent the false detection of cold coal leakage. , Can improve the reliability of refrigerator operation. As a third step, in a state where the cold coal leakage is uncertain, only high-voltage electrical components are temporarily stopped, so even when the cold coal leakage is detected by mistake, for example, after a predetermined time elapses, the The voltage of the electronic parts returns to normal operation. This can eliminate the situation caused by false detection and improve the reliability of cold coal leakage. According to the third invention, when the high-voltage electronic component is stopped by the error detection prevention control means, after a predetermined time has elapsed or after each operation mode is switched by the cooling control means for a predetermined number of times, the compressor is not detected. (5) If there is an abnormality in the refrigeration cycle of (5) 574493, the above-mentioned error detection prevention control means will judge that there is no leakage of cold coal, and the high-voltage electronic parts will be stopped. According to the present invention, when the actual cold coal leaks from the pinholes of the piping on the low-pressure side, due to atmospheric pressure, when the compressor is started, outside air is sucked in, the load of the compressor is increased, and the compressor cannot respond to the target. The number of revolutions instructs rotation and stops abnormally. The pressure or temperature of the evaporator or condenser can also be abnormal. Therefore, in a state where the leakage of cold coal is uncertain, by temporarily stopping high-voltage electronic components, it is possible to respond to the leakage of cold coal at an earlier stage, and if no refrigeration cycle such as a compressor is found to cause the leakage of cold coal, If the cause is abnormal, it can be reliably determined that there is no leakage of cold coal, and erroneous detection can be prevented. When it is determined that there is no leakage of cold coal, the suspension of high-voltage electronic parts can improve safety, and it can relieve the problem of forcing the refrigerator to stop even if it is detected incorrectly when a cold coal leak is detected. Bad situation. According to the fourth invention, when the high-voltage electronic component is stopped by the error detection prevention control means, freezing of the compressor or the like is detected during a predetermined period of time or during a predetermined number of switching of each operation mode by the cooling control means. When an abnormality occurs in the cycle, the above-mentioned error detection prevention control means judges that cold coal leaks, and stops electronic parts other than the cooling fan arranged inside and outside the refrigerator. When actual cold coal leaks from the low-pressure side, H C cold coal heavier than air -10- (6) (6) 574493 will accumulate at the bottom of the storage ’This part easily reaches the ignition limit concentration. Therefore, when the concentration of the leaked cold coal in the refrigerator is the ignition limit concentration, when the door is opened, the leaked cold gas may catch fire due to factors outside the refrigerator such as the stove or the igniter. With the present invention, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection and reliably determine that the cold coal is leaking from the low-pressure side. When the cold coal is leaking, it is not only the electronic components that still have voltage, but also other electronic components are stopped, and the refrigerator is reliably removed The cause of the fire, to improve safety. By rotating the cooling fan, the leaked cold coal can be diffused to prevent the leaked cold coal from accumulating in the bottom of the storage room, and the concentration of cold coal can be suppressed below the ignition limit concentration. Therefore, by opening the door and letting the leaked cold coal to the outside, even if there is a cause of a fire outside the refrigerator, it will not catch fire, which can improve user safety and prevent it from developing into a fire. According to the fifth invention, the low-pressure side cold coal leakage detection means stores the load of the compressor as a reference at a predetermined timing, and compares the reference. If the increase rate of the load exceeds a predetermined value, the cold coal is judged to be from low pressure. Side leakage; this allows early detection that cold coal has leaked or is about to leak. According to the sixth invention, the low-pressure side cold coal leak detection means does not store the load of the compressor at the time of opening the door as a reference, and the low-pressure side cold coal leak detection means of the seventh invention does not store the load of the compressor at the time of opening the door. Is compared with the benchmark 来 to determine the cold coal leakage. With the present invention, the cold coal leak will not be detected based on the load at the time of opening the door -11-(7) (7) 574493 根据, which greatly increases the load of the compressor due to cold air leakage or food input with higher temperature, And can improve detection accuracy. The eighth invention includes a refrigerating compartment, a freezing compartment, a refrigerating cycle that connects a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator, and uses flammable cold coal; a cooling fan that dissipates heat from the compressor or the condenser; and can detect cold in advance The high-pressure side cold coal leakage detection means for the case that coal has leaked from the high-pressure side of the refrigeration cycle or the cold coal is about to leak, and is provided with: when the high-pressure-side cold coal leak detection means detects in advance that cold coal has If there is a leak or cold coal is about to leak, the operation of the compressor is stopped, and after the cooling fan is rotated for a predetermined time, the compressor is restarted to perform an error detection prevention control method for normal cooling operation. With the present invention, as a first step, by detecting the leakage of cold coal from the high-pressure side of the refrigeration cycle, it can be reliably detected whether the cold coal has leaked, and it can be detected at an earlier stage that the cold coal has leaked or is about to leak. Situation. As a second step, in a state where the leak of cold coal is uncertain, if the leak of cold coal occurs, the operation of the compressor is stopped, and the leaked cold coal is diffused outside the refrigerator by rotating the cooling fan for a predetermined time, for example, 8 minutes. , It may not reach above the ignition limit concentration. In the traditional structure, when a leak of cold coal is detected, even if there is no leak of cold coal, the operation of the refrigerator is permanently stopped. As a third step, after the cold coal diffusion operation, the compressor is restarted. The normal cooling operation can remove the lack of refrigerator shutdown due to erroneous detection, and although the temperature in the refrigerator rises due to the temporary cooling shutdown, it will not have a great impact on food. 12- (8) (8) 574493 Continue cooling operation. On the other hand, when the cold coal actually leaks on the high-pressure side, the leaked cold coal will flow out of the refrigerator and spread during a few minutes. It can fully cope with the cold coal diffusion operation, and after that, even if the normal operation starts, and Since cold coal has spread, there is no possibility of fire, and it can be handled in the same way as a cooling leak failure when using ordinary cold coal. According to the ninth invention, the high-pressure side cold coal leak detection means stores the load of the compressor as a reference at a predetermined timing, and compares the reference. If the reduction rate of the load is more than a predetermined value, the cold coal is judged to be from high pressure. Side leakage; this allows early detection that cold coal has leaked. According to the tenth invention, the high-pressure side cold coal leak detection means does not store the load 値 of the compressor at the time of opening the door as a reference, and the high-pressure side cold coal leak detection means of the 11th invention does not store the compressor at the open The load 値 is compared with the reference 来 to determine the cold coal leakage. By the present invention, the cold coal leak is not detected based on the load of the compressor (the load at the time of opening the door) which is greatly increased due to the leakage of cold air or the input of food with a relatively high temperature, and the detection accuracy can be improved. [Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in Fig. 3, the refrigerator main body 1 is provided with a refrigerator compartment 2, a fruit and vegetable compartment 3, a switching compartment 4, and a freezer compartment 5 in this order from the top. Next to the switching chamber 4, an ice-making chamber having an automatic ice-making device is installed side by side in a horizontal direction. -13- 574493 〇) The front side of the refrigerator compartment 2 is provided with a hinged open-and-close type heat-insulating door portion 6, and the front part of the vegetable and fruit room 3, the switching room 4, and the freezing room 5 are provided with a pull-out type. Heat-resistant door sections 7, 8, and 9. The refrigerating compartment 2 and the fruit and vegetable compartment 3 are separated by a plastic partition plate 10, and the refrigerating compartment 2 and the switching compartment 4 and the ice-making compartment are insulated by a thermal insulation partition plate 11. The partition allows the cold air to flow independently, and is separated by a heat-insulating partition wall between the switching chamber 4 and the ice-making chamber. A deodorizing device 2 3 is provided at the bottom of the refrigerator compartment 2 to activate the photocatalyst by high voltage to deodorize the air in the refrigerator. At the top, a deodorizing device 2 3 is provided for detecting the opening and closing of the door 6. The door switch 5 7 is turned on and the refrigerator lamp 2 a is turned on when the door 6 is opened. In front of the door portion 6, an operation panel 60 is provided, and the operation panel 60 is provided with an operation portion 6 3 for adjusting the temperature in the refrigerator, performing cooling operation, switching display, and the like; and displaying operation status or temperature The display section 6 2; and a sound section 61 which performs an operation such as an alarm or a notification. The opening / closing operation of the door portion 6 is coordinated with a normal opening operation. The door opening device 25 which protrudes and opens the door portion 6 by an electromagnetic coil or the like is provided on the upper portion of the refrigerator body 1, and is provided on the operation portion 63 or the door portion. Touch the 6 handles, etc., to drive the door opening device 2 5 to open the door. On the back of the vegetable and fruit room 3, there are provided an R evaporator 14 constituting a cooler for the refrigerating compartment 2 and the fruit and vegetable compartment 3, and an R fan 13 constituting a refrigerating air-conditioning circulating fan. If this R fan 1 3 is driven, ‘by! ^ The cold air cooled by the evaporator 14 is supplied to the refrigerating compartment 2 through the duct 12 and then circulated through the fruit and vegetable compartment 3 to cool the refrigerating compartment -14- (10) (10) 574493 2 and Fruit and vegetable room 3. On the back of the freezing compartment 5, the F fans 15 constituting a refrigerating air-conditioning circulating fan, the switching compartment 4, the ice-making compartment, and the F evaporator 16 constituting a cooler of the freezing compartment 5 are sequentially arranged from the top. And a defrost heater 18 for removing frost from the F evaporator 16 and a heat sink or the like. In this case, if the F fan is driven, the cold air cooled by the F evaporator 16 The switching chamber 4 and the freezing chamber 5 are cooled by circulating their supply in the switching chamber 4 and the freezing chamber 5. In each room, a door switch 57 is provided for detecting the opening and closing states and states of the door sections 8,9. A machine room 22 is formed at the bottom of the back of the refrigerator body. In the machine room 22, a compressor 20, a condenser 27 composed of finned tubes, and a C fan 1 constituting a cooling fan for cooling the compressor 20 and the condenser 27 are provided. 9. As shown in Fig. 4, the refrigeration cycle is connected to a compressor 20, a condenser 27, and a switching valve 2 6 that switches the flow of cold coal or performs a fully closed and fully open operation, and a discharge side of the switching valve 26 One of them is connected to the connecting pipe connected to the F capillary 30, the F evaporator 16 and the energy storage 34, and the other is connected to the R capillary 2 9 connected to the F capillary 30 side by side and R is evaporated. The connecting pipe of the evaporator 14 is connected, and the outlet side of the R evaporator 14 is connected between the outlet side of the F capillary 30 and the inlet side of the F evaporator 16. The switching valve 2 6 has a switching mode for supplying cold coal to the F capillary -15- (11) (11) 574493 3 〇, a refrigeration operation mode on the 6 side of the F evaporator 1 and supplying cold coal to the R capillary 2 9. The function of the refrigerating operation mode on the 4 side of the R evaporator. The above-mentioned cold coal is a combustible cold coal (for example, H C cold coal). The cooling operation control device 70, as shown in the block diagram of FIG. 5, is provided by: a door switch 5 7, a temperature sensor 5 for detecting the temperature in each room and the outside air temperature, and 8 for detecting each evaporator The temperature of the evaporator temperature sensor 5 9 and the temperature of the operation panel 60 0, and other signals, in order to maintain the target temperature to maintain the temperature in the refrigerator, power-on control: compressor 2 0, fan, defrost heater 18, etc. Perform cooling operation. The refrigerating operation mode for refrigerating the refrigerating compartment 2 or the fruit and vegetable compartment 3 will switch the switching valve 2 6 to the R evaporator 1 4 side and drive the R fans 1 3 and C fans 19. On the other hand, when the freezing operation mode for cooling the freezing compartment 5 is to be executed, the switching valve 26 is switched to the F evaporator 16 side, and the F fans 15 and C fans 19 are driven. The cold air cooled by the F evaporator 16 is supplied to the freezing compartment 5 'by the air blowing action of the F fan 14 and cools the switching chamber or the ice making chamber. The switching chamber 4 adjusts the supply amount of the cold air to a set temperature by a damper. The R fan 1 3 is also driven in the freezing operation mode, and promotes the removal of frost blocks attached to the R evaporator 1 4. The frost blocks are vaporized by the defrost operation, because the high-humidity cold air is kept in the refrigerator. 5 internal circulation, so the humidity of the refrigerator compartment 5 can be increased. Although the above-mentioned operation modes are switched alternately to cool each compartment to perform the normal cooling operation, for example, when moving from the refrigerating operation mode to the refrigerating operation -16- (12) (12) 574493 rotation mode 'When the refrigerating operation mode When a predetermined time elapses, for example, 20 minutes, or when the refrigerating compartment 2 reaches the cooling stop temperature, and the freezing compartment 5 rises above the target temperature by, for example, 2 ° C or more, the operation mode is switched. The defrost operation mode is that after the cumulative operating time of the compressor 20 has passed, for example, 8 hours, the defrost heater 18 is energized to defrost the F evaporator 16. When the temperature of the F evaporator 16 reaches a predetermined value, When the temperature is, for example, 3 ° C, the defrost operation is ended. As for the R evaporator 14 as described above, by constantly operating the R fan 1 3, it is possible to perform defrosting in each freezing operation mode. Even during the normal cooling operation, the low-pressure side cold coal leakage detection means 7 1, the high-pressure side cold coal leakage detection means 7 1, and the error detection prevention control means 7 3 are input to the cooling control means 70. This signal is used for operation control. Next, when it is detected in advance that the cold coal has leaked from the low-pressure side refrigeration cycle or the cold coal is about to leak, the low-pressure side cold coal leak detection means 7 1 and the error detection prevention control means 7 3 will be described according to the flowchart in FIG. 1. To explain the structure and operation. After the cooling operation is started, the process proceeds to step 2 in the stage of performing the normal cooling operation in step 1 (S1). In step 2, if the door is open, it will cause a load on the compressor 20, so it is impossible to determine whether the load 値 is normal, so it will detect whether the door is closed (S 2), and if it is closed Go to step 3. At this time, after the door is closed, it can be seen that the load of the compressor 20 値 -17- (13) (13) 574493 has a large change, so it can also start from the detection of the door close, and after a predetermined time, for example, 5 minutes , It is judged that the door is closed. In step 3, it will be detected that the operation mode is switched or the number of revolutions of the compressor (S 3) is changed. If the switch is not performed, go to step A. If there is a switch, go to step 5. Set the reference load 値 (S 5). When the operation mode is switched, the stomach load of the compressor 20 in each operation mode will be different, so it is not possible to compare the load 切换 before and after the operation mode is switched. If the number of revolutions of the compressor 20 is changed, the load 一 will also be the same. The change of seventeen is the same. In step 4 (S 4), when the reference load 値 is set as the reference, the process proceeds to step 6. When the power is applied and the state of the reference load 没有 is not set, by returning to step 2, the compressor Before the 0 becomes stable, the reference load 之前 is not set. In step 5, it is judged that the compressor 20 is in a stable state, and the load 値 of the compressor 20 is used as a reference load and stored in the microcomputer (s5). At this time, after the operation mode is switched or the number of revolutions is changed, the load 値 of the compressor 20 is not stable. Therefore, it is better to store the load 値 after a predetermined time, for example, 2 minutes, as the reference load 値. On the other hand, when the compressor 20 is stopped, in the defrost operation mode, and the compressor is stopped, an appropriate load cannot be detected from the compressor 20. Therefore, it cannot be detected in the above situation. In step 6, if the door is in the open state, it cannot be judged whether the load applied to the compressor 20 is the normal state, and it will be detected whether it is in the -18- (14) (14) 574493 closed state (s 6)., If the door is closed, go to step 7. In step 7, the load 値 of the compressor 20 is detected, and the current load 値 is compared with the reference load ，. If the increase rate is above a predetermined ，, for example, above 10%, it is judged that the cold coal has changed from a low pressure. Side leakage (S7), proceed to step 8. Here, the change in load 値 when a cold coal leak occurs on the low-pressure side of the evaporator of the refrigeration cycle will be described with reference to FIG. 6. If a cold coal leak occurs, since it is on the low-pressure side, outside air will be sucked in through the pinhole leaking from the cold coal, which will cause a load on the compressor 20 and increase the load. Therefore, when the increase rate of the load 値 is greater than or equal to the predetermined 期间 during the door closing and in the same cooling operation, it is detected that the cold coal leaks from the low-pressure side. At this time, in the initial stage, because the outside air is sucked in, the cold coal will not leak, and the cold coal will start to leak due to the stop of the compressor 20, and it can be detected in advance that the cold coal is about to leak. On the other hand, when the compressor 20 is stopped, in the defrost operation mode, and the compressor is stopped, an appropriate load 値 cannot be detected from the compressor 20, so it cannot be detected in the above situation. The above steps 1 to 7 are operations of the low-pressure-side cold coal leakage detecting means 71. Next, the error detection prevention control means 73 will be described. In step 7, although it is detected whether the cold coal leaks from the low-pressure side, when the state of the refrigeration cycle is unstable, or when the food is placed at a higher temperature, it will cause a load on the compressor 20 and the cold coal from the low-pressure side. Leakage is the same. -19- (15) (15) 574493 will increase the load. However, since cold coal is sometimes leaked, in step 8, although it is uncertain whether the cold coal is leaking, and in the event of cold coal leakage, high-voltage electronic parts will be stopped (S 8). The so-called high-voltage electronic component is an electronic component that generates a spark discharge in the event of a disconnected wiring or failure. In the embodiment of the present invention, the deodorizing device 23 is stopped. Although it is stopped in particular, the cooling performance is stopped without failure. If measures are taken to prevent explosions, even if there is a leak of cold coal, there will be no fire and safety will be improved. The door opening device 2 5 is a high-voltage electronic component, and although it can be stopped, it is installed outside the refrigerator, and if it is stopped in the uncertain state of cold coal leakage, it will cause the cold coal to leak when there is no leakage. Users have a sense of distrust, so it is better not to stop them. At step 9 ', it is detected whether the compressor 20 is abnormally stopped (S9). If there is no abnormal stop, it proceeds to step 10, and if it is abnormally stopped, it proceeds to step 11. As shown in Figure 8, in the state where there is no leakage of cold coal, even if the load does not change, it will return to a stable state after a period of time. As shown in Figure 6, when the cold coal leaks, it will be sucked into the outside. Gas, so the load on the compressor will increase. In this way, compared to the compressor rotation speed command of 20, the high-load compressor 20 cannot rotate as instructed, and it may be determined that the refrigeration cycle or the compressor has stopped abnormally due to an abnormality. Therefore, on the low-pressure side, cold coal leakage detection means 71 detects cold coal leakage, and in error detection prevention control means 73, when the compressor 20 is different from 20-20 (16) (16) 574493, it is possible to It is indeed determined that the cold coal leaks, and if the compressor 20 does not stop abnormally, it is determined that the load 値 is temporarily changed for other reasons, which can prevent the false detection of the low-pressure side cold coal leak detection means 71. In step 10, it is detected whether a predetermined time has elapsed or whether the operation mode has been operated a predetermined number of times (S 10). Even if a cold coal leak occurs, the compressor 20 will not stop abnormally if a certain amount of time has not passed, and if a predetermined time has not passed, such as one hour, it will return to step 9. At this time, the determination may be made by making the operation mode a predetermined number of times, for example, three times repeatedly. Even if the predetermined time elapses and the compressor 20 does not stop abnormally, it can be judged as a temporary change in the load 値, and it will return to step 1 to perform the normal cooling operation. At this time, the stopped state of the high-voltage electronic component that has stopped operating in a state where the leakage of cold coal is uncertain is canceled. In step 1 1, by means of error detection prevention control means 7 3, it is detected in advance that the cold coal has leaked or is about to leak, and cold coal leakage control will be performed. 0 The compressor 2 0 is driven by completely closing the switching valve 26, Seal the leaked cold coal on the high pressure side so that the cold coal will not be discharged from the pinhole, and then stop the compressor 20 completely. By stopping other electronic parts that have not stopped operation, the cause of fire in the refrigerator can be completely eliminated, and safety can be improved. In order to prevent the leaked cold coal from staying at the bottom of the storage room, by driving the R fan 1, 3, F fan 1, 5, and C fan 19, the refrigerator can be prevented from reaching -21-(17) (17) 574493 Boundary concentration. In this case, each fan can be of explosion-proof structure or brushless motor, so that its structure will not cause fire. At the end of all operations, the display section 62 or the sound section 61 is used to notify the occurrence of the leakage of cold coal. Next, when it is detected that cold coal has leaked from the high-pressure side refrigeration cycle, the structure and operation of the high-pressure side cold coal leak detection means 72 and the error detection prevention control means 73 will be described with reference to the flowchart in FIG. 2. Instructions. After the cooling operation is started in step 20, the normal cooling operation is performed (S 2 0). In step 21, if the door is open, it will cause a load on the compressor 20, and it cannot be judged whether it is normal or not. Therefore, it will be detected whether the door is closed (S 2 1). If it is closed, then Go to step 2 2. At this time, after the door is closed, it can be seen that the load 压缩机 of the compressor 20 changes greatly, so it can also be judged as the door closed state after a predetermined time, for example, 5 minutes, after the door is detected. In step 22, it is detected that the operation mode is switched or the number of revolutions of the compressor is changed (S 2 2). If the switching is not performed, the process proceeds to step 2 3. If the switching is performed, the process proceeds to step 2. 4. When the operation mode is switched, the load 値 is different from that of the compressor 20 in the previous operation mode, so the load 不能 before and after the operation mode is switched cannot be compared. However, if the number of revolutions of the compressor 20 is changed, the load 倂 will also change suddenly, and the situation is the same. -22- (18) (18) 574493 In step 2 3, when the reference load 作为 is set as the reference, proceed to step 2 5. When the power is applied, when the state of the reference load 没有 is not set, use Returning to step 2 1 (S 2 3), the reference load 値 is not set until the compressor 20 becomes stable. In step 24, it is determined that the compressor 20 is in a stable state, and then the load 値 of the compressor 20 is stored as a reference load in a microcomputer (S 2 4). At this time, after the operation mode is switched or the number of revolutions is changed, the load 値 of the compressor 20 is not stable. Therefore, it is better to store the load 値 after a predetermined time, for example, 2 minutes, as the reference load 値. On the other hand, when the compressor 20 is stopped, in the defrost operation mode, and when compression is stopped, an appropriate load cannot be detected from the compressor 20, so it cannot be detected in the above case. In step 2 5 ', if the door is in the open state, it cannot be judged whether the load applied to the compressor 20 is the normal state, it will be detected whether the door is in the closed state (S 2 5), and if it is in the closed state, it proceeds to step 2 6 ° In step 26, the current load 压缩机 of the compressor 20 is detected, and the current load 値 is compared with the reference load ，. If the reduction rate is greater than a predetermined value, for example, 10% or more, it is judged The cold coal leaks from the high-pressure side (S 2 6), and proceeds to step 27. Here, the change in load 値 when a cold coal leak occurs on the high-pressure side of the refrigeration cycle will be described with reference to the graph in FIG. 7. If cracks or pinholes occur in the piping connection on the high-pressure side, etc., the cold coal is high pressure, so the cold coal will leak out of the pipe at the same time. In this way (19) (19) 574493, the load reduction applied to the compressor 20 will reduce the load. Therefore, if the reduction rate of the load 値 is greater than or equal to the predetermined 期间 during the door closing and in the same cooling operation, it is detected that the cold coal leaks from the high-pressure side. However, when the compressor 20 is stopped, in the defrosting operation mode, and the compressor is stopped, an appropriate load cannot be detected from the compressor 20, so it cannot be detected in the above situation. The above steps 20 to 26 are the operations of the high-pressure side cold coal leak detection means 72. Next, the error detection prevention control means 73 will be described. Although it is detected whether the cold coal leaks from the high-pressure side, and when the state of the refrigeration cycle is unstable or the load on the compressor 20 is reduced, the load will be reduced as in the case where the cold coal leaks from the high-pressure side. However, sometimes it is actually a cold coal leak, so in step 26, although it is uncertain whether the cold coal is leaking, and in case of a cold coal leak, in step 27, the high-pressure side cold coal leak control will be performed. (S 2 7) and proceed to step 2 8. When a cold coal leak occurs on the high-pressure side, because the pressure of the discharged cold coal is high, it will flow out in 2 or 3 minutes. Therefore, as the high-pressure side cold coal leakage control, the switching valve 26 is closed to stop the compressor 20 for a predetermined time, for example, 8 minutes, and the C fan 19 is rotated to diffuse the cold coal leaked from the high-pressure side. In step 28, it is checked whether the above-mentioned cold coal leakage control has passed a predetermined time, that is, 8 minutes. If 8 minutes have passed, it will go to step 20 and then return to the normal cooling control. -24- (20) (20) 574493 Even if the cold coal leaks from the high-pressure side due to false detection, but there is no leak of cold coal, the operation stop time of the refrigerator is several minutes, although the temperature in the refrigerator rises slightly , It will not have a great impact on the food, and it will not cause inconvenience to the user to permanently stop the operation of the refrigerator in the traditional way. On the other hand, even if a leak of cold coal actually occurs, the cold coal leakage control that diffuses the cold coal is performed for a predetermined time. Therefore, the air in the installation site is surely lowered below the ignition limit concentration before the operation is resumed, which can be maintained. safety. By closing the switching valve, the cold coal will not remain on the low pressure side, and even if the operation is resumed, the cold coal will not leak out and there is no possibility of fire. After resuming operation, the inside of the refrigerator cannot be cooled because all the cold coal is flowing out. The abnormal high temperature of the evaporator can be detected and the user can be notified of the leakage of cold coal. It is the same as the case of using ordinary cold coal. Just pay attention to the refrigerator The failure situation caused by internal cold is sufficient. As described above, with the structure of the present invention, by detecting the occurrence of cold coal leakage on the low-pressure side or the high-pressure side at an early stage, safety can be improved, and by means of error detection prevention control means, erroneous detection can be prevented to increase cold coal leakage. The accuracy of the detection method. It can suppress the possibility of fire and will not affect the cooling operation of the refrigerator due to erroneous detection. The structure described above illustrates an embodiment of the present invention. As long as it can be changed or combined without departing from the gist of the present invention, the structure of the refrigeration cycle, corresponding to the leakage of cold coal, and the setting of the predetermined time are of course the most suitable for the ice phase type. Structure of the state 'cold coal 丨 trailing leak detection means, can also be detected by evaporation -25- (21) (21) 574493 temperature abnormality of compressors, compressors, condensers, etc., can also use cold coal leak sensors . [Effects of the Invention] With regard to a refrigerator using flammable cold coal in a refrigeration cycle, it is possible to obtain a refrigerator with high safety by preventing false detection of cold coal leakage. [Brief description of the drawings] Fig. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for coping with a cold coal leakage on the low pressure side of the refrigeration cycle of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for coping with a leak of cold coal on the high pressure side of the refrigeration cycle of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view showing a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the refrigeration cycle of FIG. 3. Fig. 5 is a control block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a graph showing changes in the load 値 of the compressor when a cold coal leak occurs on the low-pressure side. Fig. 7 is a graph showing changes in the load 値 of the compressor when cold coal leakage occurs on the high-pressure side. Fig. 8 is a graph showing changes in load and load of the compressor when the door is opened. [Illustration of drawing number] 1: Refrigerator body-26- (22) (22) 574493 2: Refrigerator compartment 3: Fruit and vegetable compartment 5: Freezer compartment 1 3: R fan 1 4: R evaporator 1 5: F fan 1 6: F Evaporator 19: C fan 2 0: Compressor 2 3: Deodorizing device 2 6: Switching valve 2 7: Condenser 5 7: Door switch 7 0: Cooling control means 7 1: Low-pressure side cold coal leak detection Means 7 2: Detection of cold coal leakage on high-pressure side Means 7 3: Error detection prevention control means -27-