TW482773B - Processes for making aqueous composition, for polymerizing anionic monomer, of concentrating dispersion of suspended solids and of conditioning soil and composition for treating dispersion of suspended solids - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a process for forming an aqueous composition comprising at least one precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer, a process for polymerizing an anionic monomer in an aqueous solution to form an aqueous, a process of concentrating a dispersion of suspended solids, a process of conditioning soil, and a composition useful for treating a dispersion of suspended solids comprised of water, from 0.01 to 15% of a cationic organic salt, from 0.1% to 30% of a sulfate salt, and at least one precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer, wherein said precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer contains recurring units having anionic groups selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid salt, sulfonic acid, and sulfonic acid salt, and wherein said cationic organic salt is selected from the group consisting of tetraalkylammonium halides having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms, substituted tetraalkylammonium halides having from 4 to 22 carbon atoms, aryl trialkylammonium halides having from 9 to 22 carbon atoms, and substituted aryl trialkylammonium halides having from 9 to 22 carbon atoms.

Description

/ " J 7 7 2 8 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (1) Scope of the invention The present invention is generally an aqueous combination of certain salts containing precipitated anionic water-soluble polymers Method for precipitating anionic water-soluble polymer in an aqueous solution containing certain salts, polymerizing monomers in an aqueous solution containing certain salts to form a precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer, as needed, such as polymer dispersion Shen Dian Methods, and methods for precipitating anionic water-soluble polymers used in aqueous solutions of certain salts for various applications such as papermaking, mining, wastewater treatment, and soil improvement. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION High molecular weight water-soluble anionic polymers are useful in a variety of applications, such as flocculation of suspended solids, recovery of minerals from mining operations, cinder dewatering, papermaking, paper sludge deinking, enhanced oil recovery, wastewater Treatment, soil conditioning, and more. In many cases, anionic polymer electrolytes are supplied to users in the form of substantially dry polymer particles. Microparticles can be manufactured by polymerizing water-soluble monomers in water to produce a water-soluble polymer solution, followed by dehydration and grinding to form water-soluble polymer particles. Another method for separating a polymer from a polymer solution is by precipitating the polymer by mixing the polymer solution with an organic solvent such as acetone or methanol which is not a solvent for the polymer system, and then separating the polymer by evaporation or filtration. However, in many cases, this method is inconvenient, expensive, and dangerous due to the problem of handling large amounts of flammable organic solvents. The water-soluble anionic polymer can also be supplied in the form of a water-in-oil emulsion or microemulsion, in which the polymer solution droplets are connected to each other via a continuous oil phase (please read the meaning of ^ on the back first?-||| (This page)-Binding · Binding-4- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 73 7 2 8 Printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) Separation. The polymer emulsion can be used directly or in the presence of a "breaker" and diluted into water for use in the desired application. Although this supply is convenient and can be avoided The need for dehydration, but the oil can be expensive and often flammable; in addition, the oil can also cause secondary pollution problems. Or, the emulsion can be precipitated into a solvent for water and oil, but non-solvent for polymer In an organic liquid, it is then separated and dried to recover a substantially dried polymer. However, for the same reasons mentioned above, these Shen Dian methods can be disadvantageous. Used in the preparation of non-swelling, hard, A method of gluing particulate water-soluble polymers is described in US Patent 3,336,270. Water-soluble polymers are produced by dissolving acrylamide-type monomers in a third butanol-water mixture and allowing the monomers to polymerize to produce A polymer prepared by precipitating from a third butanol-7jC mixture. The first water-soluble polymer can also be dispersed in the presence of the second water-soluble polymer. In order to generate an aqueous polymer dispersion, as described in US Patent Nos. 4,380,600 and 5,403,883. Since the two polymers are not compatible with each other, the first water-soluble polymer is said to form small spheres, which are dispersed in In a solution of a second water-soluble polymer. If necessary, salt can be added to improve fluidity. US Patent No. 3,891,607 discloses thermoreversible colloidal pellets which are copolymerized by 30 to 50 moles in an aqueous solution Ear percentage of acryl 'acid and 70 to 30 mole percentage of acrylamide, lower pH to less than 3.3, and adjust temperature to below colloidal pellet transfer temperature. US Patent No. 3,658,772 is disclosed by total weight As the basis, the weight is included (please read the notes on the back first ¾ write. This page) • Binding-Thread -5- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 482773 Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by employees' consumer cooperative A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (3) ~ Copolymerization of propionic acid in a salt solution of 0.1 to 10% of the salt to produce one of the dispersed, solid-polymer particles A method of polymerizing a product in the form of a fluid suspension. In the following, unless otherwise stated, all concentrations are expressed as weight percentages of total weight. It should be noted that the pH of the polymerization is between 1 and 3.2. Within the range, and reported, apparently due to the increased solubility of the salt form of acrylic acid at higher pH, raising the pH to 4 and above results in non-fluid, gel polymerization products. In US Patent No. 3,493,500, the pH range It is raised up to 4 by including a cationic water-soluble polymer in an amount of about 0.03 to 0.2 parts by weight per part of acrylic polymer solids in the formulation. However, in either case, the pH is higher than 4 値No fluid suspension was obtained. Japanese Patent Publication No. 14907/1971 discloses a method of copolymerizing acrylic acid and acrylamide in a salt solution to form a flowable polymerization product. The copolymerization is carried out at a pH of 1 to 4 in the presence of 0.1 to 60% by weight of an inorganic salt. In some systems containing 90/10 acrylic acid and acrylamide, and 50/50 acrylic acid and acrylamide, if the pH of the polymerization system is raised to 4 or more, a non-flowable gel polymerization product is produced. At pH 4 or slightly higher, homopolymers of acrylic acid such as a "suspended compound" can be made. An aqueous dispersion of an anionic polymer precipitated in a salt solution at a low pH is usually used by diluting the dispersion into water to greatly reduce the salt concentration. At low salt concentrations, the anionic polymer becomes more soluble and therefore dissolves. However, the rate of dissolution tends to be a function of pH, so that if the dispersion is diluted into acidic water, the polymer dissolves at a disadvantageously low rate, and the addition of a base is often required to increase the pH and increase the dissolution rate. Therefore, for (please read the back of the article: Attention Matters-▼ Horse Page) -6- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) V '* 7 7 2 8 4 A7 B7 printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (4) For practical reasons, it is preferable that the pH of the polymer dispersion is higher than 4 to make the pH adjustment of the dilution water unnecessary. The effects of salts on the solubility of various substances in aqueous solutions are discussed in detail in the scientific literature, for example, Kim D. Collins and Michael W. Washabaugh, Biophysics Quarterly Review, Vol. 18 (4), pp. 323-422, 1985. " kosmotropic "salts tend to reduce the solubility of a substance in an aqueous solution. For those skilled in the art, there are many known methods to determine whether a particular salt is kosmotropic. Representative salts containing anions such as sulfate, Fluorides, phosphates, acetates, citrates, tartrates and hydrophosphates are Kosmotropic. Based on the well-known "Hofmeiste series" principle, some salts are used more than others kosmotropic 0 Salts to precipitate anionic polymers are also introduced in European Patent 1 83 466 B1. This invention provides for the deposition of polymers such as by dissolving a monomer in a saline solution and polymerizing it in the presence of a dispersant such as A method for obtaining a dispersion of a water-soluble polymer by fine particles. A saline solution is required to dissolve monomers and precipitated polymers. As a dispersant, a polymer electrolyte and / or a polymer soluble in a saline solution is polymerized. The system is effective. When the deposited polymer is an anionic or cationic polymer electrolyte, The polymer electrolyte is needed as a dispersant so that it has the same charge as the type of polymer deposited. Representative salts include sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and other strong kosmotropic salts. Properties are derived from the presence of sulfonic groups of polymers, such as polymers and copolymers of poly (2-propenylamino-2-formamidine-propanesulfonate), (please read the notes on the back first to write this Page) β • Installation _, 1T line _ This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 482773 V. Description of the invention (5 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is referred to as poly (AMMPS) A. Even though the content of the polymer is still difficult to precipitate despite the low yang and -salt content, the anion polymer is passed through a cationic organic salt, such as a surfactant, and Shen 1 is known. A review by ED Goddard (colloids and surfaces '19 Vol. 3G1_329W '1986) is hereby incorporated herein by reference. Shen Dian phenomenon is said to consist of anionic polymers and cationic organic salts Relative roll, Controlled by the size of the organic part of the anionic organic salt and by the type of the polymer. #When an oppositely charged cationic organic salt is combined with the polymer and neutralizes electricity, the precipitation of the anionic polymer tends to occur. The prevailing view is, The addition of salt weakens the binding and makes the precipitation more difficult. For example, the effect of the added sodium chloride is discussed in the comment by Gen. Godard (mentioned above) on page 3-13, where the author states "addition Salt substantially reduces the affinity of binding, as seen by the steady increase in the [surfactant] concentration at the beginning of binding ... "A similar comment is made by the γ system and P. Dubin (Dubin ), In "Structure and Flow in Surfactant Solutions," ACS Seminar Series 578, American Chemical Society, 1994, p. 328, E., where the author states: " Active agent] The strong polymer electrolyte mixture of colloidal particles avoids precipitation, and the bonding strength must be reduced. In practice, several methods can be used to attenuate the strong electrostatic interactions between high-molecular electrolytic spills and oppositely charged surfactants, such as the addition of ... salts. " Surprisingly, and in contrast to the above-mentioned guidance, it has been found that many typical water-soluble anionic polymers can be precipitated by the addition of kosmotropic salts through the precipitation of cationic organic salts in aqueous solutions.地 増 (Please read and read the \ S of the notes before reading this book) ί I I- _ »nm _ '装 ·

、 1T line -8- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297mm)

482773 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the China Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (6 ^ Note that even if the temperature reaches the pH, these are held together and killed. Therefore, according to the present invention, mentioning: Yang: 子A composition consisting of organic salt, at least one kind of salt, and at least f kinds of Π-. In addition, two packages of I :::: or one or more cationic organic salts, and one or two of the composition are precipitated by water-soluble anionic polymerization. : The specific realization. Among them, Shen Dianzhi's anionic polymer is two types of knife powder, in order to manufacture a polymer dispersion composition. The pieces are preferably even if the polymer dispersion is 4. Flowable. These polymer dispersions can be formed through a dispersant (which can be a hydrating polymer), and the anionic polymer of Shendian is preferably passed through a precursor in a salt solution. It needs to be produced by polymerization in the presence of a dispersant. Summary of the Invention The present invention is directed to a composition of anionic polymer of Shen Dian in a solution of cationic organic salts and kGs_Qpie salts, and the manufacture and use of the combination物 的 方法。 Its The composition in which the middle polymer is dispersed in the form of droplets is preferable, and the polymer dispersion method which can include a dispersant in the present invention is a method which is particularly preferable. In salt solutions, if necessary, in the presence of one or more other water-soluble polymers that can act as dispersants, polymerize to produce a dispersed polymer. Even if the pH is higher than 4, the polymer remains unimprovable Soluble to obtain a mobile polymer dispersion, which can be easily used without the need for pH adjustment. For applications such as flocculation of suspended solids, solid-liquid separation, and mining properties (please read the precautions on the back page first) )

The paper size of the edition applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 ^ (21 〇χ 297 issued) 482773 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (7) Papermaking, soil stabilization, and others The method of using the composition of the present invention is also specifically implemented herein. Specific embodiments of the present invention include a composition consisting of water, at least one precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer, an effective amount of at least one kosmotropic salt, and an effective amount of at least one cationic organic salt; a preferred specific embodiment includes water , At least one precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer, composed of 0.02 to 12% by weight of a tetraalkylammonium salt and 0.1% to 30% by weight of a sulfate based on the total weight A composition, wherein the precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer is composed of a repeating unit comprising a sulfonic acid, a sulfonate, a carboxylic acid, or a carboxylate group; and the anionic water-soluble polymer is a dispersion, If necessary, a composition of Shen Dian in the presence of a second water-soluble polymer. Additional specific embodiments include mixing water, at least one anionic water-soluble polymer, an effective amount of at least one kosmotropic salt, and an effective amount of at least one cationic organic salt in any order to produce an anionic water-soluble polymer comprising at least one precipitate. Method of an aqueous composition; preferred embodiments include mixing water in any order, at least one having repeating units comprising an acid group, an acid salt group, a reacid group, or an acid generating group. Anionic water-soluble polymer, a tetraalkylammonium salt of 0.02 to 12% by weight based on the total weight, and a sulfate of 0.1% to 30% by weight based on the total weight to produce at least one A method of precipitating an anionic water-soluble polymer as an aqueous composition; and a method of mixing a second water-soluble polymer therein. Other specific embodiments include the inclusion of at least one positive ion from an effective amount. -10- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 > < 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back first. (Page)-installed

1T line 482773 Printed by A7 B7, Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (8) The organic salt and an effective amount of at least one kosmotropic salt constitute a water-soluble polymerized at least one anionic monomer to generate at least one anionic monomer. A method for precipitating an anionic water-soluble polymer as an aqueous composition; preferred embodiments include a tetraalkylammonium salt included on a total weight basis of 0.02 to 12% by weight and based on the total weight A monomer containing a sulfonic acid group, a continuous acid salt group, an acid acid group, or a few acid salt group is polymerized in an aqueous solution composed of 0.1 to 30% by weight of a sulfate to generate at least one precipitated anionic water-soluble A method of an aqueous composition of an alkaline polymer; and a method of precipitating an anionic water-soluble polymer such as a dispersion in the presence of a second water-soluble polymer, if necessary. Applications of the present invention include a method for concentrating a dispersion of suspended solids, which comprises water-soluble polymerization of an effective amount of an effective amount of at least one cationic organic salt, an effective amount of at least one kosmotropic salt, and at least one precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer. An aqueous composition is added to the dispersion, and a concentrated dispersion is separated to dehydrate the suspended solid; a preferred embodiment includes a method for concentrating a dispersion of the suspended solid, which comprises An effective amount of a precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer, based on a total weight of 0.02 to 12% by weight of a tetrakiscinyl based salt and a total weight of 0.1% to 30% by weight of a sulfuric acid A salt constitutes a dispersion of an aqueous composition added to the dispersion, and a concentrated dispersion that is separated and dehydrated to suspend suspended paper solids or suspended mineral solids, wherein the precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer is composed of Acid, sulfonate, carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid salt repeating unit composition. In other preferred methods, the composition is a dispersion, which can be packaged as required (please read the precautions on the back page first). Binding-Staple-11-This paper is also applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 4 ^ 82773 Printed by the Consumers 'Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9)' Contains a second water-soluble polymer, and it is First dissolved in water. Additional applications include soil conditioning methods that include an aqueous combination of soil-regulated quantities consisting of an effective amount of at least one cationic organic salt, an effective amount of at least one kosmotropjc salt, and at least one Shendian anionic water-soluble polymer. Material is added to the soil; a preferred application includes a method for conditioning the soil, which comprises adding an effective amount of a soil-conditioning solution to the soil, the solution being diluted by anionic water-soluble polymer from Shendian, based on the weight of the total weight 0.02 to 12% of a tetraalkylammonium salt and an aqueous composition composed of a sulfate of 0.1% to 30% by weight based on the total weight, wherein the precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer The system consists of repeating units containing acid, acid, or acid salts, or acid salt groups. Detailed description of the preferred embodiment It has been found that, surprisingly, anionic polymers are greatly increased by the Shen Dian effect of cationic organic salts by the addition of kosmotropic salts. For the purposes of the present invention, when a particular polymer is agitated or agitated in a salt solution at a particular temperature for a period of up to about one week, if the particular polymer does not dissolve to form a clear, homogeneous solution, a The polymer is precipitated in a specific salt solution. A polymer is also considered to precipitate when the temperature of the solution changes and a solution of a polymer or polymers in a salt solution develops opaque or turbid. From the foregoing, the solubility of a polymer or polymers in a particular salt solution can be temperature-dependent, resulting in a polymer in a particular salt solution at a low temperature (please read the following: Matters on this page) • Binding and stitching -12- This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) 482773 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-Description of invention (1) It can be Shen Dian, but it dissolves at a higher temperature, and it is obvious that it is fresh or vice versa. One polymer or multiple polymers, one riding ten # Rimex or multiple salts, and water can be mixed in any order, or the polymerization can be discerning tablets & human & Salt, the presence of one or more kinds of salt, qi lin, qi, and qi can measure the solubility of the polymer in 4 liquids. Provided that all or only a portion (e.g., 10% or more) of the polymer precipitates, the polymer is considered to be precipitated. Those skilled in the art understand that the solubility of anionic water-soluble polymers is often determined by measuring the cloud point of the polymer in a salt solution. For the present invention, the specific point of a specific polymer in a specific salt solution is that when a substantially clear solution of the polymer cools, it becomes unclear. For example, a composition consisting of a water-soluble anionic polymer or a mixture thereof, water, and salts can be heated to dissolve the polymer to produce a substantially clear solution. The solution is usually allowed to cool slowly until the polymer begins to precipitate or phase separate and the solution becomes opaque or cloudy. The temperature at which the solution started to become opaque was the cloud point. The reproducibility of the cloud point measured in this way is usually 3 ° C. The less soluble polymers have a higher cloud point and the more soluble polymers have a lower cloud point. In some cases, ‘the polymer is insoluble, so they are not dissolved even if heated to the boiling point of the salt solution’ by heating them, so the cloud point is difficult to measure conveniently. Similarly, some polymers are soluble, so that even after cooling to the freezing point of the salt solution, they still do not precipitate. Sometimes situations are encountered in which a polymer precipitates from a salt solution after heating, rather than after cooling. In these cases, for the purposes of the present invention, the cloud point of a specific polymer in a specific salt solution is set to -13. This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 public directors) (Please Read the notes on the back page first)-Binding · Threading-11 1 -II ...... 1 11 482773 A7 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Invention Description (11) Yiru 'When a solution of a polymer is heated, it begins to become non-cryogenic (temperature. In the following, all points are obtained after cooling, unless otherwise well-known.' Alternatively, the polymerization of the monomers It can be carried out in the presence of salts. For example, certain amounts of water, monomers and salts (salts) can be mixed together and subjected to polymerization conditions. Then the cloud point can be measured as above. Since the polymerization is appropriately mixed It is difficult to polymerize and salt solutions, so polymerizing monomers in the presence of salts is preferred, especially in the case of high polymer concentration or high polymer molecules. When the cloud point is higher than 100. ( : When this technology is also better Kosmtropic salts useful in the present invention can be any komstropic salt, including sulfates, phosphates, fluorides, citrates, acid salts, tartrate salts. And phosphonium salts. For polymers, relative ions have a small effect, and can be ammonium or any alkali or alkaline earth genus such as lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and others. Relative ions can also be The motto, or may be a transition metal cation such as manganese or iron. However, due to the known tendency of anionic polymers to form complexes with divalent metal ions such as Ca + 2, it is best to use k〇sm with a monovalent cation 〇tr〇pic salts. Ammonium sulphate and sulfuric acid steel are preferred KOsm〇tr〇piC salts. Cationic organic salts with a general structure Rn-M A (where r contains about 1 to about 2 carbons Ester, alkynyloxy, alkynyl, or substituted alkyl, or aryl or substituted aryl having about 6 to about 22 carbons, μ is a cationic group such as ammonium, including monoalkyl , Dialkyl, trialkyl and tetraalkylammonium 'and A are anions such as gas ions Bromide, ion, methyl sulfate, and other) for the preparation of anionic polymers (specifically, e-gold (read the precautions on the back page) Read more Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 ×; 297 mm) 482773 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (12) 'In the presence of kosmotropic salt) is useful. R The group may be linear or branched, and may be substituted with more than one cationic M group. The cationic M group may be substituted with more than one R group; for example, n may be in the range of 1 to 4. Also useful are mixtures of organic cations with each other and with kosmotropic salts. Tetraalkylammonium compounds with 4 to 22 carbon atoms, substituted tetraalkylammonium halides with 4 to 22 carbon atoms, aryltrialkylammoniums with 9 to 22 carbon atoms Halides and substituted aryltrishomonium ammonium halides having 9 to 22 carbon atoms are preferred. Cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc), cetylfluorenyl ammonium chloride (CMAC), and fluorenyltriethylammonium chloride (BTEAC) are the best. The effective numbers of k0smtropic salts and cationic organic salts that are used to cause precipitation or phase separation are dependent on temperature, the inherent solubility of the polymer, the concentration of the polymer, the specific yangjin organic salt used, Depending on the pH and the specific kosmotropic salt used. The effective amount of cationic organic salts also depends on the amount of kosmotropic salts. When not using a kosmotropic salt, a large number of cationic organic salts are usually necessary to produce a degree of polymer insolubility that differs from that when a kosmotropic salt is present. The effective amount of cationic organic salt and kosmotropic salt which will render a special polymer insoluble is generally about 0.001 / for a cationic organic salt. To about 15% (preferably about 0.02% to about 12%, most preferably about 0.05% to about 10%), and for KOsmtropic salts, usually about 0.1% to Within the range of about 30% (preferably about 1% to about 280%, and most preferably about 5% to about 25%). Preferably, the salts are soluble in the solution, so the upper limit of the salt content is mainly determined by the capacity of the dissolved salt in the falling liquid. For precipitating a specific polymer-15- This paper size applies Ningguo National Standard (CNS) grid (2i0x297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back page first)-Binding-Threading --- 482773 Economy Printed by A7 B7 of the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Ministry of Standards of the People's Republic of China 5. Description of the Invention (13) Effective amounts of useful cationic organic salts and kosmotropic salts can be found by routine experimentation as discussed in this article. Anionic polymers and copolymers can be precipitated over a wide range of pH through the practice of the present invention. For example, as exemplified in Example A, a copolymer is copolymerized by about 50 mole percent of acrylamide and 50 mole percent of 2-propanilamino-2-methyl-propanedioic acid, followed by Neutralized and prepared. The resulting polymer was diluted in deionized water to form a 0.2% solution, and the solubility of the polymer was measured in various salt solutions at pH 4.6, as exemplified in Examples B, C, D, and 1. The polymer solution remained clear in 0.2% BTEAC, but the polymer solution had a cloud point of 42 ° C in 28% ammonium sulfate. However, when both 0.2% BTEAC and 28% ammonium sulfate are present, the same polymer has a cloud point of > 105 ° C. Since the combination of the precipitation polymer BTEAC and ammonium sulfate is more effective than either salt alone, the cloud point increases. The polymer useful in the practice of the present invention can be any water-soluble anionic polymer, including polymers made by the polymerization and copolymerization of anionic monomers, and those which become anionic with a charge after polymerization has occurred polymer. Polymers having repeating units containing anionic groups such as carboxylic acids, carboxylates, dibasic acids, dibasic salts, and / or combinations thereof are preferred. These polymers are generally made by polymerizing monomers containing anionic groups such as carboxylic acids, carboxylates, sulfonic acids, sulfonates, and / or combinations thereof. The polymer produced by polymerizing acrylic acid with 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid, and their salts is the best. Based on the total moles of repeating units in the polymer, the mole% anionic repeating units in the polymer may be in the range of about 1 mole% to about 100 mole%, preferably about 2 mole%. (Please read the notes on the back page first) Binding · -16- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ^^ 0 mole%, more preferably about 5 moles % To mol%, most preferably about 8 mol% to about 50 mol%. Ion-loss, polymers can also be made by copolymerizing anionic monomers with other anionic dimers, non-ionic comonomers, and / or cationic comonomers. The anionic monomer may include acetic acid, methyl acetic acid, ethyl sulfate, 2.propenylamido, 2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, their salts, and the like. Polymers that become charged with anionic charge after polymer action include polymers made by hydrolyzing cellulose, polymers made by hydrolysis and / or hydroxamating polyacrylamide, and made from maleic anhydride Of polymers. ’It is based on the total moles of repeating units in the polymer. It is difficult to precipitate polymers of mol% or more of AMMPS units in a solution containing no cations / organic salts < saline solution, and therefore the present invention is particularly useful for precipitating these polymer systems. For example, according to the present invention, the copolymer of propidium (in which Mohr% AMMPS used to make the polymer: L / ο) is easily precipitated in a mixture of BTEAC and (NHUhSO4). Employees of the Central Standards Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs Consumer cooperative printed non-ionic monomers may include substantially water-soluble monomers such as acrylamide, amidopropylamine, and N-isopropylacrylamide, or monomers that are slightly soluble in water such as tertiary Butylacrylamide, N, N-dialkylacrylamide, Bidirectional ketoacrylamide, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, styrene, butadiene, ethyl methacrylate , (Meth) acrylic acid alkyl esters, acrylonitrile, and others and the like. Nonionic monomers can also include monomers that become charged at low pH, such as (alkyl) propanoic acid dialkylamines Alkyl alkyl esters, including dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, diethylamino propionate 482773 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (15) Ethyl ester, methacrylic acid Dimethylaminoethyl, Diethylamine Ethyl esters and corresponding acrylamide derivatives such as methacrylamidopropyldimethylamine. Preferred non-ionic monoacrylamide, tertiary butylacrylamide, methacrylamine, methylamine Methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, acrylonitrile, acetophenone. Cationic monomers include salts of (alkyl) dialkylamino alkyl acrylates, such as dimethylamino ethyl acrylate, methyl Salts of dimethylaminoethyl propionate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate and the corresponding acrylamide derivatives such as acrylamine Monomethylamine salts, and other cationic monomers such as diallyldimethylammonium chloride, vaporized diethylpropyldiethylammonium, and others. Based on mole, the I compound must contain Fewer cationic repeating units than anionic repeating units, so that the polymer, although amphoteric, still retains a net negative charge. Preferably, based on the total number of moles of repeating units in the polymer and based on the polymerization Contains less than 10 mole% cationic repeat units. Or, a mixture of more than one polymer can be obtained through the practice of the present invention. The polymer can be mixed together before, during or after mixing with some or all of the salt solution. The polymer mixture can be used by It tends to Shen Dian in the mixture of one or more polymers, but for one or more of the mixture, it is separated from each other by a salt solution of a solvent of the other I compounds as a solvent. .Added in Shen Dian procedure = external salts.- One polymer or multiple polymerizations = generated by polymerization in the presence of two other polymers or multiple polymers. The other polymer in the salt solution may itself be Shen Dian Maybe (please read the notes on the back to write this page)-equipment · 11

482773 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Invention Description (16) The polymerization of the monomers can be performed in any manner known to those skilled in the art, including solutions, lumps, precipitation, dispersion, suspensions, emulsions, microemulsions, and others. The polymerization of the monomers can be carried out in the presence of some or all of the salt solution. Initiation can be caused by various thermal and redox free radical initiators (including peroxides, such as third butyl peroxide; azo compounds, such as azoisobisbutyronitrile; inorganic compounds, such as potassium persulfate and Redox couples such as ammonium ferrous sulfate / ammonium persulfate and sodium borate / sulfur dioxide) are used. The initiator addition can be achieved at any time before the actual initiation itself. Polymerization can also be achieved by photochemical irradiation methods, such as by ultraviolet irradiation or by ionizing irradiation from a source of cobalt 60. When polymerization is initiated, the monomers may all be present, or a portion of the monomers may be added at a later stage of the polymerization. Polymerization can be carried out in multiple stages. Additional substances such as pH adjusters, stabilizers, clamps, complex release agents, and others may be added before, during, or after the polymerization. The molecular weight of the polymer of Shen Dian or phase separation through the practice of the present invention is not particularly important. The weight average molecular weight of the polymer may be in the range of about 1,000 to about 100,000,00 (), preferably about 100,000 to about 75,000,000, and more preferably about 1,000,000 to about 60,000,000. The concentration of the polymer in the composition can range from 0.01% to 90%, or sometimes even higher. For practical reasons, such as the need to maintain relatively low manufacturing or transportation costs, the polymer content in the composition is usually preferably as high as possible. The composition of a salt solution useful for precipitating anionic polymers can be obtained by simple (please read the precautions on the back page first)

、 1T line-19- This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297mm) 482773 A7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (17) Water that is similar to water (preferably under agitation) and that is useful in the practice of the present invention is not particularly important and can come from any source: water from sources such as distilled water, tap water, recycled water, process water, and others. However, care must be taken to avoid water having a high concentration: valence: water such as Ca + 2, which is known to form complexes with anionic polymers. Shen Dian of the hydrazone polymer in the salt solution can be performed by mixing in any order: dissolving with the polymer solution or polymer emulsion. Water-soluble polymers can be added to the salt solution to form polymer compositions comprising salts, water, and polymers. Alternatively, the anionic aqueous solution may be formed by polymerization of a monomer in the presence of a salt. All or part of the polymer can be precipitated. It is best to polymerize the monomers in a salt solution to produce a polymer dispersion. For the purposes of the present invention, if some or all of Shen Dian's polymer is in the form of small droplets dispersed in a saline solution, then Shen Dian's polymer is a polymer dispersion. The precipitated polymer droplets may include salt and water. Can sink some or all of the polymer. The droplet size can be in the range of about 5 μm to W mm, preferably about 0.08 μm to about 100 μm, more preferably about 0.1 μm to about 25 μm, and most preferably about 0.15 μm. Micron to about 15 microns. As described above, the monomer or monomers and the salt or salts may be added in stages during the polymerization period t or may be present at the beginning. The initiation of agglomeration can be performed in any way, as described in the foregoing. The dispersed polymer droplets tend to settle after standing. Surprisingly, it has been found that certain water-soluble polymers, referred to herein as dispersants, tend to assist in droplet formation and also to stabilize droplets to resist sedimentation. Polymer Dispersion -20 Paper Size Shicai Guanjia County (CNS) Α4 ^ 72Ϊ〇 ^^ (Please read the precautions on the back yoPP page first)-Pack. Order 1--I -I 1 1 · 482773 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (18) The staff of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs consumed the printed polymer stabilization product dispersion of the cooperative, but did not cause precipitation of the anionic water-soluble polymer. As discussed above, the salt combination causes precipitation of the anionic water-soluble polymer. It has been found that polymers such as poly (AMMPS), polyacrylamide, and copolymers of acrylamide with certain amounts of cationic, nonionic, and anionic monomers reduce the sedimentation rate of polymer dispersions. Without dispersant, polymer droplets tend to settle over time and can combine to form a layer dispersed from the aqueous phase. However, when the same polymerization is performed in the presence of a water-soluble polymer such as poly (AMMps), polyacrylamide, or a copolymer of acrylamide and certain amounts of cationic, anionic, or nonionic monomers, The rate of sedimentation is advantageously reduced and a superior polymer dispersion is obtained. Polymers useful as dispersants may include polypropylamine and other non-ionic polymers, such as poly (methylpropylamine), poly (ethyl alcohol), poly (ethylene oxide), and others analog. Preferred dispersants are non-ionic polymers such as poly (propionic acid), poly (AMMPS), copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylamide, and copolymers of AMMPS and acrylamide. Preferably, the dispersant is soluble or mostly soluble in a particular salt solution. In general, it is preferred that the dispersant has a greater solubility in the tetrapod solution than the dispersed polymer droplets. Money for dispersive use may include non-ionic monomers such as acrylamide and up to about 20 mole% (preferably from about 5 to about 15 mole%) based on the total moles of repeating units in the polymer. ) —A copolymer of cationic comonomers (such as (alkyl) propionate dialkyl, quaternary salts of aminoalkyl vinegar, diallyl dialkylammonium, and others) . Other copolymers useful as dispersants include propanamide and up to about 99 mol% of anionic comonomers such as di -21-based on the total moles of repeating units in the polymer.

This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (TlO ^^ T (please read the precautions on the back first ^^ write this page)-installation, first-mouth line 73 7 2 8 4 Central Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumer Bureau of Standards Bureau A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (19) '' Sodium acrylamido-2-fluorenylpropane sulfonate (preferably about 5 to about 95 mol% comonomer, best About 25 to about 75 mole% comonomer). Anionic monomers can include propionic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, their salts, and the like. Non-ionic comonomers can include substantially water-soluble Monomers such as methamphetamine, or sparingly soluble monomers such as tert-butylpropanamide, diacetone acrylamide, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylic acid, propionic acid旨 @ Purpose, phenyl ethyl hydrazone, succinic acid, ethyl methacrylic acid, propane wax, and other and the like. Preferred non-ionic monopropylamine, tertiary butyl propylene Ammonium, methacrylamide, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acetate and phenylethyl #. Based on the total weight of dispersed anionic polymer droplets precipitated as In general, the dispersant is generally used in an amount of up to about 25% (preferably about 1% to about 20%, more preferably about 5% to about 15%). The dispersant is not limited to cationic The amount of organic salts and kosmotropic salts that cause anionic polymers to precipitate in the absence of weight is used. The weight average molecular weight of the dispersant polymer can be in the range of about 1,000 to about 50,000,000, preferably about 50,000 to about 10,000,000, more preferably about 100,000 to about 5,000,000. Anionic polymers can be precipitated over a wide range of pH via the practice of the present invention , As exemplified in Examples 1, 2 and 3. The pH Shendian anionic polymerization can be in the range of about 2 to about 12 (preferably about 4 to about 10, more preferably about 5 to about 9). And preparation of polymer dispersions. Methods for measuring p are well known to those skilled in the art. Used to identify cationic organic salts, kosmotropic salts, concentrations, and pH that will precipitate a specific anionic water-soluble polymer at a specific concentration. A group of ----------------------------_-22-This paper Standards are applicable to Chinese National Standards (CNS) M specifications (210X297 mm) (please read the Caution on the back page first). Installation, 11 V. Description of Invention (2) Α7 Β7 Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Employee consumption cooperation Du Yinzhihe Routine experiments can be performed in a variety of ways.-One method is through the cloud point technique described above. For example, to determine the cloud point of 1% ^ AMMps), 30 kinds of each can be prepared. 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, or 20% sulfuric acid, and 0%, 0.02%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.8%, or 0% chlorinated whale-based tocopherol 哫 11% Waterborne Poly (AMMPS), in all combinations, at a specific pH I sample. The cloud point of each solution can then be determined by heating each sample to dissolve the polymer 'and then cooling until the solution becomes opaque. Not clear will indicate precipitation and the temperature at which it occurs will be the cloud point. The procedure can be repeated for any polymer = polymer, pH, or salt. Through suspension, some I samples will remain clear even if they are cooled to 0 ° C or below. Others will not remain clear even after heating up, even if they are magic or above. Although no cloud point data will be obtained from these samples, the phase behavior of specific aggregates to specific salt systems will be known. ^ Shen Dian was observed after heating; in use, and in cases where the polymer is dissolved after cooling, the cloud point can be determined by passing the mixture until the polymer is dissolved, and then heating to precipitate the polymer. In these cases, the 'cloud point' will be the temperature at which ambiguity is observed after heating. It is not necessary to determine the cloud point to obtain solubility data. For example, it can be prepared at a specific pH-series containing various amounts of cationic organic salts and osmium salts, and then a polymer solution is added to each salt solution. The sample will be precipitated or remain soluble, such as through simple visual inspection, and the solubility behavior of 疋 ′ and the polymer can be related to the type and concentration of each salt. It is used to identify the combination of precipitation and the salt of a specific anionic polymer with temperature. (Please read the note on the back first. P. This page) Jiaxian (⑽) 482773 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Invention Description (21) Another routine experimental method of combination is to polymerize monomers in a salt solution and then determine the cloud point. Since concentrated polymer solutions, such as 10% or higher, can be difficult to handle (such as stirring), this technique is preferred for high polymer concentrations. The method is similar to the cloud point method, in which a series of salt solutions can be prepared in which one or more monomers are dissolved in a concentration required to provide the desired concentration of polymer. The solution can then be polymerized in a known manner, for example, using an inert gas such as a nitrogen jet, and then initiating the polymerization via a conventional free radical initiator to form a mixture of polymer and salt. The routine test method used to identify combinations of salts and temperatures that do not dissolve specific substantially dry, water-soluble polymer powders or microparticles is similar to the methods described above. It is also possible to prepare a series of salt solutions as above and then add the dry polymer to produce a composition having the desired polymer concentration. The mixture can then be stirred and heated to achieve dissolution of the polymer. The information can then be obtained by direct observation about the dissolution or insolubilization of the polymer in any particular solution; and temperature-dependent phase behavior information can be obtained from a solution showing a cloud point as described above. The precipitated polymer can be recovered from the salt solution by any method known in the art, including filtration, centrifugation, evaporation, spray drying, combinations thereof, and others. The recovered polymer particles typically include anionic water-soluble polymers, residual salts, residual dispersants as needed, and water. Preferably, the resulting polymer particles contain less than about 30% water, more preferably about 0.1% to about 20%, and most preferably about 1% to about 15%. For processing purposes, substantially dry, free-flowing polymer particles are preferred. You can familiarize yourself with this (please read the precautions on the back v. Installation-Zero Horse Page) -line_-24- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 size (210X297 mm) Various known pH adjusters, flow control agents, preservatives, particle size control, and others are added at any stage of the method to produce substantially dry particles containing anionic water-soluble polymers. The I composition and method of the present invention provide water-soluble anionic polymers that are useful in a variety of applications, such as flocculation of suspended meshes, from mining operations; recovery of 'papermaking' to improve oil recovery, treatment of refinery waste, Treatment of food waste, and others. Preferred applications are dispersions of dehydrated suspended minerals and cellulose or dispersions, paper dehydration, and dehydration in mud. Since it is effective in these applications, Shen Dian's polymer composition can be directly added to a dispersion of the suspended solids to be treated, and the resulting concentrated dispersion can be obtained through the techniques known in the art. For methods such as centrifugation, belt press, press, filtration, and others, the knife is preferably removed from the car, and the composition is first diluted into water to produce a solution having about 100% to about 10% (preferably (About 0.05 to about 5%, more preferably about 0.01 to about 3%). The dilute polymer solution can then be mixed with the dispersion of the suspended solids to be treated in a known manner, and the resulting concentrated dispersion can be separated as described above. The amount of dilute polymer concentration effective for a particular application can be found through routine experimentation and is known to those skilled in the art. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy Because the small particles or droplet sizes of the polymer cause the polymer to dissolve faster after dilution, a substantially dry polymer particle or polymer dispersion is preferred. Since the salt concentration is reduced by diluting the polymer from the effective range of precipitating the polymer to a range that allows the polymer to dissolve, the polymer is dissolved, although the salt tends to sink the polymer.

48Z / / J Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Invention Description (23) is a particularly preferred application of water-soluble anionic polymer of 1 = faji, which tends to prevent qII, such as soil; The extent of irrigating the field can be wide s 値 <the topsoil is harmfully lost through erosion. Soil. It is donated by one or one of cationic organic salts, one or more kQS via mixed containing (a) _species of soil_regulated amount. Salts and a precipitated anion are derived from human β # Although it is a water composed of water-soluble I compounds or mixtures thereof, and mouthpieces (b) water, and soils are stabilized to resist shock 1 The special mouth is in the situation where the soil is condensed. &amp; compounds in a soil-regulated amount of added soil tend to produce a stronger <cohesion> between soil particles to stabilize the soil system to resist erosion by feng shui and other radon. Preferably, the composition is dissolved in water to produce a conditioning stock 'which can then be applied to the soil, preferably in addition to water commonly used to irrigate fields. The concentration of the polymer in the conditioning solution is usually about 01 parts per million parts solution (PPm) to about 500 ppm, preferably about 1 ppm to about 100 ppm ', more preferably about 5 ppm to about 50 ppm. The soil-adjusted amount of the composition of the present invention can be measured by actual field tests or laboratory tests. For example, to determine the amount of precipitated anionic polymer composition useful for conditioning a particular soil, the composition can first be dissolved in water to form a conditioning solution. Second, various amounts of the conditioning solution and various amounts of soil and water can be stirred in a series of solvents and then allowed to settle. The turbidity of each supernatant can then be assessed visually or, preferably, through the use of a turbidimeter. The turbidity of the supernatant in each container is usually a good indicator of the effectiveness of soil polymers and polymer dosage. For example, high turbidity-26 · This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) ΑΦ size (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back first v Γ Bought) _ Order 482773 Ministry of Economic Affairs A Standard Bureau印 Printed by Fei Fang Co. 5. Description of the invention (24) 例如 For example, turbidity can be expressed by a polymer or polymer dose pair when the visibility is greater than 500 (nephelommetc) It is not particularly effective, and low-turbidity maggots, such as less than 25 shirts, and the amount of surface and polymer may be used to adjust the specific soil ^ The information obtained from these laboratory tests is the heart of mosquitoes. The number of soil-knots is useful. Alternatively, and less preferably, the polymer dispersion :: can be applied directly to the soil. In these cases, when combined with already << water 'or via After that, water is applied to dissolve the polymer, and a conditioning solution is collected. For irrigation and dredging purposes, the amount of soil and regulation is: from about 0: 1 to about 20 pounds of polymer per British enemy per year, preferably ... to polymer per The British enemy is within the range of each year. For large-scale movements of soil, such as landslides, soil is usually irrigated. For example, plants on a hillside, such as by fire, can destroy the soil that leaves the soil unstable and tends to move. Here :: can make irrigation Methods such as spraying to apply the conditioning solution can directly apply the polymer dispersion or dry polymer to the soil. In these cases, when combined with water already present in the soil, ^ from the subsequent application Water is used to dissolve polymers, and polymers can be produced—a kind of adjustment of Mingcai is only for the purpose of illustration and is not to be interpreted as a standard viscosity (SV) water-soluble polymer that is measured for the viscosity of this hair. 〇㈣ The soil used for the disaster is dissolved or dissolved 27- This paper standard applies to the Zhongguanjia Standard (CNS) MU Mian (Xun Huan defeated Dong 482773 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Invention Description (25) &quot; Viscosity in the solution at 25 ° C. Viscosity is measured with a Brookfield LVT viscometer with a UL connector at 60 rpm. The polymer solution under test is passed through a suitable amount of deionized water at about 12 Stir during the hour and then dilute a polymer dispersion or solution with a suitable amount of deionized water and sodium chloride to a concentration of 0.2%. The volume viscosity (BV) of a polymer dispersion is based on the polymer dispersion Viscosity, as measured by a Brookfield LVT viscometer with a 34 mandrel at 30 rpm and 25 ° C. PH measurement pH measurement is performed using a conventional electronic pH meter with a 3-inch-1 electrode. Jenco Electronics Microcomputer pH-Vision 6071, Model 6000E, performed. The pH meter was calibrated with a commercial buffer solution at pH 4.0 and pH 7.01. Example A A 50/50 mole percent poly (acrylamide / AMMPS) copolymer is prepared by dissolving 49.77 parts of a 53.88% acrylamide solution and 78.97 parts of a 99% 2-propanamidin-2-methyl- Propanesulfonic acid, 3.02 parts of 5% sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) sodium (clamping agent), 30.3 parts of 50% NaOH solution, and 563.79 parts of deionized water are added to a suitable container equipped with mechanical stirring and preparation. At 30 ° (: stir the solution, and add L05 parts of ammonium persulfate and 3.5 parts of 30% sodium metabisulfite solution. The solution is deoxidized by blowing nitrogen gas, while raising the temperature to about 50 ° C. At 10 After stirring for 5 hours at 50 ° C, the viscous polymer solution was allowed to cool to produce a 50/50 mole percent poly (acrylamide / AMMPS) solution with a polymer content of about 15% by weight. Dilute a portion of the polymer solution in ionized water to produce a 2% polymer solution for dissolution (please read the precautions on the back page first)

'1T ----- 28- This paper size is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 482773 Printed by the Consumers Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 5. Invention Description (26)'液 测量。 Liquid determination. Example B Approximately 12 parts of deionized water was added to a suitable container, followed by approximately 1.5 parts of a 2% solution of BTEAC. 1.5 parts of a 2% solution of 50/50 mole percent poly (propylamine / AMMPS) as prepared in Example A was added under stirring to produce a clear solution. The pH was adjusted to about 4.6 by adding dilute hydrochloric acid. The solution remained clear and showed no precipitation of 0.2% 50/50 poly (acrylamide / AMMPS) in a 0.2% solution of BTEAC. Example C. About 9.26 parts of deionized water was added to a suitable container, followed by about 4.24 parts of 99.1% ammonium sulfate and about 1.5 parts of 2% BTEAC; the mixture was stirred to dissolve the salt. A clear solution with a pH of about 4.6 was formed, showing that 0.2% BTEAC did not precipitate in a 28% ammonium sulfate solution. Example D Approximately 9.26 parts of deionized water was added to a suitable container, followed by approximately 4.24 parts of 99.1% ammonium sulfate; the mixture was stirred to dissolve the salts. 1.5 parts of a 2% solution of 50/50 mole percent poly (acrylamide / AMMPS) as prepared in Example A was added with stirring to produce an opaque mixture having a pH of about 4.6. The mixture was heated with stirring until it became clear, and then allowed to cool slowly. The solution became unclear at 42 ° C, showing a 0.2%: 50/50 poly (propylamine / AMMPS) with a cloud point of 42X: in a 28% ammonium sulfate solution. Example 1 Approximately 7.76 parts of deionized water was added to a suitable container, and then approximately

_____- 29- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National System _ quasi (CNS) A4 size (210X297 public love &quot; T (please read the precautions on the back page).

Printed on line 1277 482773 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (27)-9.24% of 99.1% ammonium sulfate was added and replaced with r 仏, +, and the mixture was stirred to decompose salt. About 1.5 parts of 2% are added from the bowl to produce a clear solution. Approximately L5 parts of a 2% solution of 50/50 mole percent poly (propylammonamine / AMMPS) as prepared in Example A was orally poured under agitation to produce a pH of about 4.6 Not clear mixture. The mixture was heated to a temperature of about 105 ° C with stirring, and the precipitated polymer did not decompose. This result shows that a 0.2% 50/50 poly (acrylamide / AMMPS) solution has a cloud point of 105C in a solution of 28% ammonium sulfate and 0.2% BTEACt. The cloud point of the polymer in a mixture of 28% ammonium sulfate and 02% BTEACi is 28 // alone. Higher in ammonium sulfate (Example D) or 0.2% BTEAC alone (Example b). Example E. Approximately 12 parts of deionized water was added to a suitable container, followed by approximately 1.5 parts of a 2% BTEAC solution. About 5 parts of a 2% solution of 50/50 mole percent poly (acrylamide / AmmPS) as prepared in Example A was added with stirring to produce a clear solution. The pH was adjusted to about 8.5 by adding a NaOH solution. The solution remained clear, showing that 0.2% 50/50 poly (amine acrylate / AMMPS) did not precipitate in a 0.2% solution of BTEAC at pH 8.5 0 »Example F Add approximately 9.26 parts of deionized water to a suitable container Then, about 4.24 parts of 99.1% ammonium sulfate and about 1.5 parts of 2% BTEAC were added; the mixture was stirred to dissolve the salts. After the pH was adjusted to about 8.5 by adding NaOH solution, the resulting clear solution remained clear, showing 0.2% BTEAC in 28% sulfuric acid at pH 8.5. 30 (Please read the note on the back of this book first) The guideline of the home country and the middle school uses a suitable paper size 97 482773 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 * V. Description of the invention (28) ~ Example G Approximately 9.26 parts of deionized water was added to a suitable container, followed by approximately 4.24 parts of 99.1% ammonium sulfate; the mixture was stirred to dissolve the salts. 1.5 parts of a 2% solution of 50/50 mole percent poly (propylamine / AMMPS) as prepared in Example A was added with stirring to produce an opaque mixture having a pH of about 4.6. The pH was adjusted to 8.5 by adding a NaOH solution. The mixture was heated with stirring until it became clear, and then allowed to cool slowly. The solution became unclear at 33 ° C, showing that 0.2% 50/50 poly (acrylamide / eight) ^ ??) has a 33 ° (: cloud point in 28% ammonium sulfate solution of 0118.5, compared to 卩 114.5 42 ° (: (Example 0). Example 2 Add 7.76 parts of deionized water to a suitable container, then add about 4.24 parts of 99.1% ammonium sulfate; stir the mixture to dissolve the salt. About 1.5 parts 2% BTEAC was added with stirring to produce a clear solution. About 1.5 parts of a 2% solution of 50/50 mole percent poly (acrylamide / AMMPS) as prepared in Example A was added with stirring to produce An unclear mixture with a pH of about 4.6. The pH was adjusted to 8.5 by adding NaOH solution. The mixture was heated to a temperature of about 105 ° C with stirring, and the precipitated polymer was not dissolved. This result showed that 0.2% 50/50 poly (acrylamide / AMMPS) in a solution of 28% ammonium sulfate and 0.2% BTEAC, even at a pH of about 8.5, still has a cloud point higher than 105 ° C. The polymer is at 28% ammonium sulfate The cloud point in a mixture with 0.2% BTEAC is compared to 28% ammonium sulfate alone (Example G) or 0.2% % BTEAC (Example E) is higher. Example Η (Please read the precautions on the back of this page first) -Packing-, 11-line_-31-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (210 × 297 mm 482773 A7 B7 printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the Invention (29)-Add about 12 parts of deionized water to a suitable container, and then add about 1.5 parts of 2% BTEAC solution. Add approximately 1.5 parts of a 2% solution of 50/50 mole percent poly (acrylamide / AMMPS) as prepared in Example A with stirring to produce a clear solution. The pH is adjusted by adding NaOH solution To about 6.4. The solution remained clear and showed 0.2% 50/50 poly (acrylamide / AMMPS) in a 0.2% solution of BTEAC at pH 6.4. Example I Approximately 9.26 parts of deionized water was added to a suitable In the container, then add about 4.24 parts of 99.1% ammonium sulfate and about 1.5 parts of 2% BTEAC; stir the mixture to dissolve the salts. After adjusting the pH to about 6.4 by adding NaOH solution, the resulting clear solution remains clear, Showing 0.2% BTEAC at 28% sulfur at pH 6.4 No precipitation in the ammonium acid solution. Example J Approximately 9.26 parts of deionized water was added to a suitable container, followed by approximately 4.24 parts of 99.1% ammonium sulfate; the mixture was stirred to dissolve the salt. 1.5 parts as A 2% solution of 50/50 mole percent poly (acrylamide / AMMPS) prepared in Example A was added to produce an unclear mixture with a pH of about 4.6. The pH was adjusted to 6.4 by adding a NaOH solution. The mixture was heated with stirring until it became clear, and then allowed to cool slowly. The solution became unclear at 39 ° C, showing that a 0.2% 50/50 poly (acrylamide / AMMPS) had a cloud point of 39% in a 28% ammonium sulfate solution at pH 6.4, compared to 42 of 114.5. (: (Example 0) and 33 ° at? 118.5 (: (Example G) 0 (Please read the note on the back first to write this page)) • Binding and __32- This paper size applies Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 482773 Consumers' cooperation and printing by the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

A7_B7 V. Description of the invention (30) 'Example 3 About 7.76 parts of deionized water was added to a suitable container, and then about 4.24 parts of 99.1% ammonium sulfate was added; the mixture was stirred to dissolve the salt. About 1.5 parts of 2% BTEAC was added with stirring to produce a clear solution. About 1.5 parts of a 2% solution of 50/50 mole percent poly (acrylamide / AMMPS) as prepared in Example A was added with stirring to produce an opaque mixture having a pH of about 4.6. The pH was adjusted to 6.4 by adding a NaOH solution. The mixture was heated to a temperature of about 105 ° C with stirring, and the precipitated polymer was not dissolved. This result shows that 0.2% 50/50 poly (acrylamide / AMMPS) in a solution of 28% ammonium sulfate and 0.2% BTEAC, even at a pH of about 6.4, still has a cloud point higher than 105 ° C. The polymer has a higher cloud point in a mixture of 28% sodium sulfate and 0.2% NaOH than in 28% ammonium sulfate alone (Example J) or 0.2% BTEAC alone (Example H). Example 4 A copolymer of 22.5 mole% acrylic acid and 77.5% acrylamide was prepared as a polymer dispersion at a pH of 4.3 as follows: about 1.97 parts of 98% cetylpyridine chloride, 48.41 parts of 53.88 % Acrylamide, 7.75 parts 99% propanoic acid, 60 · 38 parts 99% ammonium sulfate, 2.98 parts 5% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (pentabutyrate) sodium (clamping agent), 4.01 parts The 28% leg 4011 solution and 60.3 3 parts of deionized water were added to a suitable container equipped with mechanical stirring. The mixture was stirred to form a clear solution. Add about 0.5 i parts of ammonium persulfate, followed by 73.6 parts of 15% poly (2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid), a commercially available dispersant, To produce a milky mixture with a pH of 3.2. Add about 3.04 parts of 28% NH40H solution to increase pH ____ -33- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back page first) 482773 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the Invention (31)-to 4.3. The mixture was degassed by sparging with nitrogen for 30 minutes while asking the temperature to about 50 ° C. About 5 parts of a 20% sodium metabisulfite solution was added over a period of 20 minutes. At 50. (: The stirring reaction lasted about 5 hours, and then allowed to cool. The resulting polymer dispersion had a volume viscosity of about 5100 centipoise and a pH of about 4.2. The standard viscosity of the polymer was about 42 centipoise, indicating a high molecular weight Example K Except that 73.6 parts of deionized water was added to the mixture to disperse the dispersant (73.6 parts of 115% poly (2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid), 22 was mole% acrylic acid and A copolymer of 77.5% acrylamide was prepared at 43 ipH as in Example 4. No low viscosity dispersion was formed, and the polymer was precipitated as a gel-like white mass that could not be stirred. Example 5 A conditioning solution was passed through It was prepared by diluting the dispersion liquid prepared in Example 4 with deionized water, so that the dissolved polymer was 0.1% in the resulting conditioning solution. About 3 parts of the soil was added to contain 〇〇〇 Parts of deionized water—In separate containers, stir the mixture vigorously and add 10 parts of the conditioning solution. Stir the resulting mixture for 15 minutes, then allow it to settle for I5 minutes. The turbidity of the supernatant is About 11 ± 5 ntu As measured with a handheld foot turbidity meter, this composition may be useful for soil conditioning. Example L Example 5 was repeated except that deionized water was used instead of the conditioning solution. The turbidity of the supernatant was greater than 1000 ntu °

__- 34- This paper size is applicable to China; ^ Standard (CNS) M threat (210X297 ^ JT (Please read the precautions on the back-this page)-installation, a = mouth line 482773 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (32) _ Example M Example 5 was repeated except that the conditioning solution contained a commercially available copolymer of acrylamide and acrylic acid, which is known to be useful for regulating soil systems, in place of a polymer prepared as in Example 4. The turbidity of the supernatant is 8.1 ± 5 ntu. (Please read the precautions on the back 1 • Install — 1 r this page) _ _ Printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-35- Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X29 * 7mm)

Claims (1)

AB c I 482773 Patent Application No. 86114380 Chinese Patent Application Amendment (September 1990) 6. Application for Patent Scope;}: VL Edition 9, with 1. A generation of anionic water-soluble polymer containing at least one precipitate A method for an aqueous composition comprising mixing water, an anionic water-soluble polymer, (U% -30% a sulfate, 0.01 to 15% a cationic organic salt in any order to produce at least one precipitated anion An aqueous composition of a water-soluble polymer, wherein the aqueous composition of the precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer has a repeating unit composition of an anionic group selected from the group consisting of a sulfonic acid, a sulfonate, a carboxylic acid, or a carboxylic acid A group of bases, and wherein the cationic organic salt is selected from the group consisting of functionalized tetraalkylammoniums having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, self-arylated trialkylammoniums having 9 to 22 carbon atoms, And a group of substituted aryltrialkylammoniums having 9 to 22 carbon atoms. 2. A method of polymerizing anionic monomers in an aqueous solution to form an aqueous composition, including A method for polymerizing a cationic monomer in an aqueous solution (consisting of 0.01 to 15% of a cationic organic salt and 0.1% to 30% of a sulfate) to form an aqueous composition. The aqueous composition contains at least An aqueous composition of a precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer, wherein the aqueous composition of the precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer has a repeating unit composition of an anionic group, the anionic group is selected from the group consisting of sulfonic acid, sulfonate, and carboxylic acid Or a group of carboxylate groups, and wherein the cationic organic salt is selected from the group consisting of tetraalkylammonium halides having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, and halogenated aryltrialkyl papers having 9 to 22 carbon atoms Standards apply to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) • Groups of ammoniums and substituted tritiated aryltrialkylammoniums having 9 to 22 carbon atoms. 3-A method for concentrating a dispersion of suspended solids, comprising the step of dissolving an aqueous composition (from 0.01 to 15% of a cationic organic salt, 0-1% to 30% of a sulfate and at least one precipitate (Composed of anionic water-soluble polymer) is added to the dispersion to dehydrate the suspended solid dispersion and separate the resulting concentrated dispersion, wherein the aqueous composition of the anionic water-soluble polymer of Shen'gua has A repeating unit composition of an anionic group selected from the group consisting of a transverse acid, a transverse acid salt, a carboxylic acid, or a carboxylate group, and wherein the cationic organic salt system is selected from the group comprising 4 to 22 carbon atoms Group of halogenated tetraalkylammoniums, self-chemically aryltrialkylammoniums having 9 to 22 carbon atoms, and substituted halogenated aryltrialkylammoniums having 9 to 22 carbon atoms 4. A method for controlling soil, comprising adding a composition of the soil, the composition is from 0.01 to 15% of a cationic organic salt, 01% to 30% / sulphate and at least one Precipitated anion water solubility The aqueous composition of the precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer has a repeating unit composition of an anionic group selected from the group consisting of a sulfonic acid, a sulfonate, a carboxylic acid, or a carboxylate group. Group, and wherein the cationic organic salt is selected from the group consisting of autofluorinated tetramethylammoniums having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, and halogenated aryl groups having 9 to 22 carbon atoms. CNS) Α4 size (210 X 297 public love) 482773 6. Scope of patent application: Groups of halogenated aryl difluorenyl ammoniums based on radicals of fluorene atoms. • According to the method of item 2, 2, 3 or 4 of the scope of the applied patent, the anionic water-soluble polymer of Shen Dian is a kind of polymer precipitated 0 6 · —a composition for treating a dispersion of suspended solids, which It is composed of 0.00 to 15% of a cationic organic salt, 0.001% to 30% of a sparse acid] and at least one precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer. The composition has a repeating unit composition of an anionic group, the anionic group is selected from the group comprising sulfonic acid; sulfonate, carboxylic acid, or carboxylate group, and wherein the cationic organic salt system is selected from the group consisting of Tetraalkylammonium halides of 22 carbon atoms, aryltrialkylammonium halides having 9 to 22 carbon atoms, and substituted aryltrialkylammonium halides having 9 to 22 carbon atoms Group. 7. The composition according to item 6 of the application, wherein the precipitated anionic water-soluble polymer is precipitated as a polymer dispersion. -3- Installation line Qiabo Λ Minjie Guzhaihuai, PMC !, Δ / 1 start ^ 91Γ &gt; χ 9Q7 /; S substitute)