TW480321B - Hydrate storage and transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and apparatus for storing or transporting a hydrate slurry. The hydrate slurry is stored or transported at an elevated pressure up to 20 bar, but preferably up to 10 bar and at a temperature above that at which the liquid in the slurry solidifies or freezes.

Description

480321 kinds of intercalation of molecular and water. Oil suppresses solids and hinders the production of natural gas. Consumers burn and compress natural gas in a volume of natural gas and cost or store it away, and store and transport fuel gas, especially compounds, in the form of hydrates. Appropriate booster gas industries have already existed in the expansion lattice. The production of concentrated or concentrated water, oil and gas, none of which have long been considered a trouble. Therefore, it is conveniently discarded that the solid natural gas hydrates that are not good for the environment can contain 50% of natural gas hydrates, which are now effectively transported or stored as fuel gas, while maintaining the hydrates in a stable form to Hydrates must be kept expensive. V. INTRODUCTION TO THE INVENTION (1) The present invention relates to natural gas. Gas hydrate is a gas that is captured or absorbed by water in one place-such as ... When N2 and (: 〇2, gas hydration and transmission devices are formed, which will block the flow pipeline production facilities along with natural methods to transport gas to the accompanying and Coming from natural gas and wasting valuable natural gas, one or more unit volumes are considered safe and convenient. However, when transporting to avoid the low temperature of fuel gas and / or nanmo (rotation of hydrates) Medium, in which natural gas is in contact with liquid propane hydrate and liquid propane to maintain the temperature, to reach this temperature and the gas molecules in it are physically. When light hydrocarbons and other light and / or low temperature contact for many years Look for hydrate formation and transport of hydrates during production. Furthermore, an example of a convenient or cost-effective method for oil is disclosed in U.S. Patent 3 5 1 4274. Propane hydrate solid particles are formed under appropriate conditions. The crystallization of natural gas hydrates. The gas is cooled to the invitation, and stored and transported: to keep the hydrates stable. However, to cool the hydrates to maintain the temperature , It requires a considerable amount of expensive

Page 4 480321 V. Description of the Invention (2) The equipment involves high operating costs. In US Patent 3 9 7 5 1 6 7, the A, L, and A / L y complexes are loaded and transported immersed in ... 7 you maintain the transported water so that the ocean provides the required elevated pressure T keep containers of the appropriate depth in a stable form. However, the low temperature of the container to maintain the water immersion container is expensive. There are two conditions of pressure and temperature. Its use is in the area where the appropriate water depth can be obtained. According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is a three-way method, which includes maintaining the hydrate in the same manner as the rotary hydrate. According to a second aspect of the present invention, the method includes maintaining the hydrate = a storage hydrate. Containers with a lifting force of approximately 2 and 20 bar capable of supporting cubic meters to 5,000 cubic meters of hydrate at pressures up to about 20 bar, such as: a convenient device for storing or transporting in a fixed form .疋 is cheap and provides to stabilize the hydrate is preferably hydrated particles? Convenient to be pumped from the pressure vessel and :: Medium: Yu poly form. In the case of poly slurries, instead of solid water, the space is depleted when the life is stored or transported. For example: when the hydrate is produced on offshore platforms with less than two ounces, fubei, and two, the space where the hydrate needs to be extracted through the pipeline is a conveyor belt that transports solids, a pneumatic conveyor, etc. Having silt two 2. Hydrate is particularly convenient. The 10.5 slurry can be approximately 40 vol% = liquid, but preferably between 45 vol% and 65 vol% liquid. Increasing the liquid content increases the fluidity of the slurry, but decreases

480321 Case No. 89124641 4 _year (; month month five, invention description (3) the proportion of hydrates less in the slurry, and vice versa.) The temperature of the hydrate is preferably maintained in the slurry The medium liquid surface is 4 daggers or more; it is 0 to water. (:, So that the slurry is maintained fruit ,,,, and mouth style. Gan * pumping diagram brief description Now the present invention will refer to the attached drawings Fig. 1 shows a device for preparing hydrates by means of an example. "Figure 2 shows a hydrate equilibrium curve. Figure 3 shows a container for storing and transporting hydrates. Figure 4 shows many of the vessels loaded on board. Container; and Figure 1 shows the storage of hydrates at an offshore oil and gas production facility. Figure 1 shows a hydrate formation plant 10, i. The patent application shows the world patent 9 7/2 6 4 9 4疋 Like our earlier container. The worker 10 receives water supply 丨 丨 and the hydrate 22 7 multiple pressures. The factory 10 can be on the coast or can be supplied by ^ 2. Workers can be fixed or floating The production of hydrates can be accompanied by the supply of hydrate-forming gas. The hydrate slurry leaving the plant 10 is usually at a temperature of 2 °, and the pressure is approximately 20 bar and between 2 and 100 bar. The water between the plant 10 and the water is more often 45 For example, take the water ratio Φ in m τ hydrate / water slurry. ^ The fruit is y advised, other types, but can be changed from about 50% to about 99% of the industrial hemp shown in the comparison, compared with Early patent application World Patent 97/26 4 94 No. greater than 90%. ^ # The water ratio in the produced hydrate slurry may be = to / force = under clear conditions, preferably from poly Perform some water jets to increase the remaining hydrate content. Increase the water in the water

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Page 6 480321 V. Description of the invention (4) The concentration of valuable fuel gas in the slurry will increase the amount of human body in the same volume of water. ° Hydrate from plant 10 to polycot separator 20 may be in a suitable form. % By duct 21 through separator 20. The screen or the slurry is allowed to sink in the tank = for example, it can be a water cyclone, the object floats on the top of the water, and the arms or arms are placed so that the hydrate on the top is less dense. The separator from the knife is used to physically remove the floating in the water plant 10 and circulate, and the water removed through the supply pipe can be transported to the factory to contain traces of hydrates, which will improve the bite. Water combination. This circulating water hydrate slurry is produced from hydrates in plant 10 or preferably = plant 10. 3 1. It is transported to one or more hydrates from the separator 20, via a conduit. Figure 2 shows the natural gas hydration 1 storage or transfer tank 30. Balance curve. When the temperature and pressure " in the temperature, pressure, and stable temperature and pressure conditions. For other gas hydrates, when above the line, the hydrate is stable, such as: salt is enclosed in the slurry, such as: methane, or if added, natural gas hydrate must be Λ different. As shown in Figure 2, it can be held stable, but stored at polybarium or higher to add additives such as: salt can be added to; the degree will be bound by the water to the junction (273k). Freezing temperature. j In this slurry, to reduce the water condensation in the slurry. By adding salt, water and private products can be stored at a temperature below 2 73k. Because the hydrate slurry Fu & π hybrid Hrmn bucket $ 10 leaves the plant at a higher pressure than it is stored in the container 30, a pressure booster is even needed. Missing the knife # 中 loses some M force ‘through hanging’ not… in container 3. ; :: The temperature T ^ of the compound leaving the plant 10 is even higher, and 480321, which is well known in the art, can be used. V. Description of the invention (5) Cooler (not shown). The cooler is preferably used to cool the hydrate slurry 10 leaving the plant. If a separator 20 is used, the cooler is preferably placed between the factory 10 and the separator 20 because the slurry with a higher proportion of water is more easily cooled. When the liquid in the slurry is water, the hydrate in the slurry is preferably stored or transported at a temperature just above 0 ° C and at a pressure below 20 bar-preferably below 10 Bar, such as: between 2 and 7 bar, so that it does not freeze.

Figure 3 shows a container 30 for storing or transporting the hydrate slurry. The container 30 preferably has a cylindrical structure with a generally hemispherical or dome-shaped end. In this example, the container is made of carbon steel parts that are about 2-3 cm thick, welded together to form a pressure that can withstand elevated pressures up to 20 bar, or more conveniently 10 bar. However, the container may be made of any suitable material, such as: plastic materials; composites; other metals, such as: Ming; or alloys, such as stainless steel. The container may be coated or lined inside to avoid decomposition by corrosion or other chemical attack. The container 30 is provided with a hydrate slurry inlet hole 3 4, a hydrate slurry outlet hole 35, and a pressure relief valve 36, which can be discharged if it exceeds a predetermined value deemed safe for that particular container. In stress. In this example, the container 30 is provided with a cooler 37 which pumps a cooling fluid, in this case a mixture of ethylene glycol and water, around the container 30 to maintain a hydrate slurry in the container cool down. The cooled fluid is pumped through a conduit 38, which is in closed thermal contact with the container 30. In this case, a coil (¾) is wrapped around the container 30. The container 30 also provides a layer of insulator 40. The size and number of containers 30 depend on the hydration to be stored and / or transported

Page 8 480321 V. Description of the invention (6) For the amount of slurry, a container with a diameter of 3 meters and a length between 10 meters and 20 meters is very cost-effective because it can be prefabricated. It is supplied directly to a storage location or a suitable vehicle or container. However, there are also larger or smaller containers. Mixture slurry The 30th inlet of the shore or near storage container lies flat on the opposite end for transporting the slurry. The container 3 0 34 is then sent to, in addition, the vehicle or ship compound slurry or vessel is changed by the present invention. Prior to being maintained in the slurry pumped by the conduit 31, the separated user's 'water produced in the process 10 and passed through the separator' is stored in one or more containers 30, which may be located, for example, in : Sea or adjacent to the platform. When desired, the hydrate slurry is drawn from the storage outlet hole 35 to one or more similar container holes 34 in the vehicle or ship 50, as shown in FIG. The ship 50 shown in Fig. 4 has a plurality of end containers 30 and is stacked in the cabin. The manifold (not shown) is silted up by the hydrate to the inlet hole 34 and removed from the outlet hole 35 to be transported to its destination, where it stores the hydrated hydrates in the slurry from the delivery destination. Into the hole One or more containers 30 are only kept in the hydrated miso produced in the vehicle or boat, and are supplied again, and are far received by the production worker 10 ′ until the required amount of water is seized 30. Then stay there until the Pipi ‘t ’s land vehicle is used to provide ί that the pulp is gradually exhausted. Storage of wood stalks to burn ticks in order to adapt to the worms produced in the plant 10 in Figure 1 ^ j as required to send to _ 戋 multiple produced water sludge, the hydrate through , Such as earlier solid t °. In the container 30 under stable conditions. Under the pressure of Mu Kaiwen,. . 20 is provided relatively quickly, and the hydration produced in 1U of the plant at 30% is 480321. V. Description of the invention (7) Separation in the slurry The separated liquid may include micro-production. In addition or before, the cooling process is performed when the fuel gas is imported at 10 and the fuel gas is required. The fuel gas can be heated or the fuel gas can be heated. This method is particularly useful in the present invention. The storage tank or gas is left over in the feed gas to overcome the near-shore dynamics of the compound. It's at the well 62 of the pump 'and the slurry returns to a hydrate form slurry to one or some liquid. Any separator from the hydrate slurry can be recycled to the plant's 10 liquid inlet 11. This circulating amount of hydrates will increase the hydrates in the plant. In addition, the cooler can be used to transport the hydrates to the paddles in the container 30 to the plant 10. When demand is low, excess fuel gas can be delivered to the plant and converted into a hydrate and slurry stored in a container 30. When the demand is increased, the hydrate slurry stored in the container 30 is converted into a fuel gas at a pressure in the capacity of 30. Can be delivered to the source of demand. Suitable for adapting to the diurnal changes of the fuel gas demand. Used at or near coastal or offshore oil and gas production facilities Figure 5 shows an offshore facility. The offshore platform 6 0 illustrated in FIG. 5, but this example is quite suitable for floating installations. Oil and gas is transported to the receiving station via line 61 with one or more pumps 62. The pump 62 is usually generated at the production facility. However, during the life of the oil and gas producing wells, most of the wells are produced in the early life, and the wells in the later life have less power. However, this problem can occur in the container 30. The fuel gas produced in the early life is hydrated. During the later life of the well, the stored fuel gas is converted to drive the pump 62. The production facility of Fig. 6 has a production plant 10 'which pumps the resulting people into a plurality of containers 30 via a conduit 41. If desired, two produced in the factory 10

Page 10 480321 V. Description of the invention (8) '" ------ $ 物 ’The pulp can be separated and / or cooled before being transferred to the storage container 30. In the second example, the storage container 30 is placed under the sea surface, so that it is equivalent to maintain the depth of Λ'90 meters (approximately 10 bar) and low temperature. At the time, the hydrate in water is in a stable form . When the fuel gas is needed to release the hydrate in 5 15 3 0, the slurry is converted back to the fuel gas', for example, by the force of a duct or pouring warm water on the tank 30. The fuel gas is sent back to the platform 60 through three pairs of wheels to drive the pump 62. For example, the four-person example can make many changes without departing from the scope of the present invention. Exemplary compounds can be provided in a slurry, where the liquid, ^ α, 〆, or 俨 丄 L ^ τ drink crude group injuries may be provided as prostitutes instead of water. The frozen f ^^ u horse, and the liquid hydrocarbons are lower than ice; the spinach can be maintained at a lower pressure by the water in the hydrate balance koji, and still maintained: a fixed lower temperature and a person 2 Hydrate particles in oil or liquid hydrocarbons The five substance forming process t 彳 n k thief 枓 * μ grains of water ′ can be produced by supplying the water substance. ^ k poor material gas carving-or a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, ^ the water and cooking, scrambled limbs are consumed in the production of water people in the factory 10 ° hydrate in oil or liquid hydrocarbons into rabbits MA ^ The water outlet r becomes a slurry and leaves the factory. 480321 Case No. 89124641 Amendment

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Claims (1)

480321 Case No. 89124641 Amendment VI. Patent Application Scope I. A method for conveying a hydrate slurry, comprising maintaining the slurry at an elevated pressure to approximately 20 bar, and maintaining the slurry above the slurry The temperature of the liquid solidifies or freezes. 2. A method of storing a hydrate slurry, comprising maintaining the slurry at an elevated pressure to approximately 20 bar, and maintaining the slurry above a temperature at which the liquid in the slurry solidifies or freezes. 3. The method according to item 1 or 2 of the patent application scope, comprising maintaining the slurry at elevated pressure to approximately 10 bar. 4. The method according to item 3 of the patent application scope, comprising maintaining the slurry at a pressure between approximately 2 bar and 7 bar. 5. The method according to item 1 or 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the slurry contains between 40% and 75% of liquid. 6. The method according to item 5 of the patent application, wherein the slurry contains between 45% and 65% of a liquid. 7. The method according to item 1 or 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the liquid in the slurry consists essentially of water. 8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid in the slurry consists essentially of liquid hydrocarbons. 9. The method according to item 8 of the patent application, wherein the liquid in the slurry consists essentially of crude oil. 10. The method according to item 1 or 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the hydrate in the slurry is a natural gas hydrate. II. The method according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the hydrate slurry is formed in a hydrate forming device and is transported or O: \ 67 \ 67484.ptc Page 13 480321 Amendment No. 89124641 (January 6th, before patent application storage, the hydrate slurry formed is passed through a separator to separate from the hydrate slurry 12. A container for storing or transporting a hydrate slurry, the container being arranged to maintain the slurry at an elevated pressure of approximately 20 bar, and the temperature to solidify or freeze the liquid in the slurry. 13. The container according to item 12 of the scope of the patent application, including the hydrate slurry at an elevated pressure of 20 bar and a temperature above the temperature at which the liquid in the slurry solidifies or freezes. 14 A vehicle comprising a container under the scope of patent application No. 12 or 13. 15. A vessel comprising a container under the scope of patent application No. 12 or 13. Φ O: \ 67 \ 67484.ptc Page 14