TW392019B - Iron - Google Patents

Iron Download PDF

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Publication number
TW392019B
TW392019B TW87106527A TW87106527A TW392019B TW 392019 B TW392019 B TW 392019B TW 87106527 A TW87106527 A TW 87106527A TW 87106527 A TW87106527 A TW 87106527A TW 392019 B TW392019 B TW 392019B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
tool
item
iron
chamber
scope
Prior art date
Application number
TW87106527A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Giovanni Cottino
Original Assignee
Elettrotecnica B C S P A
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elettrotecnica B C S P A filed Critical Elettrotecnica B C S P A
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TW392019B publication Critical patent/TW392019B/en

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43FOOTWEAR
    • A43DMACHINES, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT OR METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING OR REPAIRING FOOTWEAR
    • A43D95/00Shoe-finishing machines
    • A43D95/02Machines for treating or smoothing shoe uppers to remove wrinkles, folds, or the like

Landscapes

  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

An iron (10) especially suitable to be used in footwear and leatherware sectors, comprises a tool (14) tied to a grip and handling body (12), made from metal and provided internally with a plurality of ducts and seats forming one or more chambers (18) and/or (20), for a fluid to be atomised, and an adjoining cavity for a heating body (24), at least one of said chambers having a partly or entirely irregular internal surface (36), communicating with the outside of the tool (14) though a nozzle (32). Preferably, the iron if fed by a system delivering, through an atomising device (44), a mix of air and water let on of said chambers (18), (20).

Description

經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印聚 A7 ___ _ _B7 五、發明説明(1 ) 發明領域 本發明係有關於一種熨斗。 更精確a之,本發明係有關於一種適用於皮鞋與皮革 件領域中的熨斗形式。 發明背景 已知的’在前述之皮鞋與皮革件領域中,使用數種工 具以供該加工件的精製完工作業,該工具包含了一特殊的 慰斗。該熨斗係使用以消除例如在皮鞋上可能產生之皮革 的局部撓曲,以使獲致美觀的完美產品。 該熨烫作業係由一合格操作者以手完成,因爲其需要 特別的能力與專注;以高溫加熱之該熨斗的應用,事實上 ’有可能在皮革上形成燒烙痕跡的不可挽回之損壞。很容 易了解’如果在診貴皮革的加工件上(例如爬蟲類動物毛 皮)熨燙時,發生令人不滿意的熨烫時,會造成相當大的 經濟損失。 爲使預防此種危險,通常進行此種作業的操作者,每 一次都會在將進行熨烫處理的部份上,以水或化學物質將 之弄濕;如此以預防在皮革上形成燒烙痕跡。 由於前述之需要,導致在熨烫工具與被處理之加工件 的部份之間,形成一輕量絕緣層,可了解的,增加了生產 成本。另一方面,不能使用傳統的蒸汽輸送工具,因爲其 很容易在被處理之皮革表面上,形成不受控制的多數之熱 液體或冷凝液,這些均會損壞皮革。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐)_4 - ---Γ--.-----裝------訂-----.丨線 (碕先閱讀背面之注意事項再本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印^ A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 發明之槪要說明 本發明之一目的,係除去前述之缺點。 更精確言之’本發明之目的,係完成一種可使用在皮 鞋與皮革件的熨斗,其可適合於預防由操作者所進行的人 工弄濕該加工件。 本發明之進一步的目的係完成前述所界定的一種熨斗 ’當需要時,可由操作者以簡單,快速且測度的方式,啓 動一供適度的弄濕該加工件之獨立的整合機構。 本發明之另一目的,係使用一種熨斗,其可定量且快 速的輸送霧化液體,其結果,可防止該熱液體被分佈在被 加工處理的加工件上。 本發明之進一步目的,係提供皮鞋及皮革件產品之生 產者之熨斗,其可適用於確保在使用時間內的高水平可靠 性與耐用性,且係可輕易的且經濟的應用。 有利的,一液體進給系統配合了本發明之該熨斗,以 允許自液體的測度單位進給至該熨斗的加熱工具。 這些及其他更多的目的,可由本發明之熨斗所達成, 該熨斗特別的適用於使用在皮鞋與皮革件領域中,包含了 一工具,被接合至一抓持及手柄本體,該工具由金屬製成 ,且其內部提供有供形成一或更多室之多數的導管與承座 ’該室係供承接被霧化之液體’且一鄰接之空穴用以承接 一·加熱本體,該室的至少其中之一具有部份的或整體的不 規則內部表面,通過該噴嘴而與該工具的外側連通。 由下述之說明中,將可更了解本發明之喪斗的構造與 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CMS ) Α4规格(210X 297公楚)_ g . .4— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再本頁)Yin Ju of the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 _ _ _B7 V. Description of the Invention (1) Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an iron. More precisely, the present invention relates to an iron form suitable for use in the field of leather shoes and leather goods. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is known that, in the aforementioned field of leather shoes and leather goods, several tools are used for the finishing of the work piece. This tool includes a special comforter. This iron is used to eliminate, for example, local deflection of leather that may be generated on leather shoes, so as to obtain a perfect product that is aesthetically pleasing. The ironing operation is performed by a qualified operator by hand, because it requires special ability and concentration; the application of the iron heated at high temperature, in fact, may cause irreparable damage to the burn marks on the leather. It ’s easy to understand ‘if ironing on a processed piece of precious leather (such as reptile hides), there will be considerable economic losses when unsatisfactory ironing occurs. In order to prevent this danger, the operator who usually performs this operation will wet the part to be ironed with water or chemicals every time; so as to prevent the formation of burn marks on the leather . Due to the foregoing requirements, a lightweight insulation layer is formed between the ironing tool and the part of the processed part. It is understood that the production cost is increased. On the other hand, conventional steam delivery tools cannot be used because they can easily form an uncontrolled majority of hot liquids or condensates on the surface of the treated leather, which can damage the leather. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210 × 297 mm) _4---- Γ --.--------------------- (Notes on the back of this page are read on the back page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ^ A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (2) The purpose of the invention is to explain one of the purposes of the present invention, and to remove the aforementioned disadvantages. More precisely, the object of the present invention is to complete an iron which can be used in shoes and leather pieces, which can be suitably used to prevent the workpiece from being wet manually by an operator. A further object of the present invention is to complete an iron as defined above. When needed, the operator can, in a simple, fast and measurable manner, start an independent integration mechanism for moderately wetting the work piece. Another object of the present invention is to use an iron which can deliver atomized liquid quantitatively and quickly. As a result, the hot liquid can be prevented from being distributed on the workpiece to be processed. A further object of the present invention is to provide an iron for producers of leather shoes and leather products, which can be adapted to ensure a high level of reliability and durability during use, and can be easily and economically applied. Advantageously, a liquid feed system is provided in conjunction with the iron of the present invention to allow feeding from a liquid measurement unit to the iron's heating tool. These and other objects can be achieved by the iron of the present invention. The iron is particularly suitable for use in the field of leather shoes and leather parts, and includes a tool that is joined to a grip and handle body. The tool is made of metal. It is made, and the inside is provided with a duct and a socket for forming a majority of one or more chambers. The chamber is for receiving the atomized liquid, and an adjacent cavity is used for receiving a heating body. At least one of them has a partial or whole irregular internal surface, which communicates with the outside of the tool through the nozzle. From the following description, you can better understand the structure of the funeral of the present invention and the paper size applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CMS) A4 specification (210X 297). G. .4— (Please read the note on the back first (Notes on this page)

、1T 線· 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印繁 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(3 ) 功能特徵,其中,參照了下列之圖形,該圖形顯示了本發 明之較佳的非限制性之實施例。 圖形之簡要說明 圖1係本發明之熨斗的側視略圖; 圖2係該熨斗之加熱本體的部份剖面側視略圖; 圖3係該相同之加熱本體的橫剖面略圖; 圖4係該相同之加熱本體的進一步之部份剖面側.視略 圖,顯示該液體被進給至該室的內部表面之放大的細部; 圖5係該相同之加熱本體的略圖,顯示被嵌入該加熱 本體的噴霧器之放大細部; 圖6係該加熱本體之進一步的部份剖面側視略圖;& '圖7係連接至本發明之熨斗的進給裝置之略圖。 符號說明 10 熨斗 12 本體 1 2 / 按鈕 14 工具 16 螺絲 18 室 2 0 室 2 2 空穴 2 4 加熱本體 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X297公釐)_6_ --I--?----^衣------訂 I -線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再本頁) 五、發明説明(4 ) A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 2 6 空穴 2 8 熱電耦 3 0 電纜 3 2 qf嘴 3 4 開口 3 6 不規則內部表面 3 8 層 4 0 不勻 4 2 金屬襯套 4 4 霧化裝置 4 6 管狀本體 4 8 導管 5 0 導管 5 2 混合室 5 4 管 5 6 末端 6 0 進給系統 6 2 減壓器 6 4 過濾器 6 6 支流 6 8 支流 7 0 電動閥 7 2 容水箱 7 4 電動閥 ---r--.----裝------訂-----1線 (讀先閱讀背面之注意事項再t本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公嫠) 經濟部中央標率局負工消費合作社印聚 A7 _____Β7___ 五、發明説明(5 ) 7 6 壓力表 較佳實施例之詳細說明 參照前述圖形,示於圖1中之本發明的整體之熨斗, 以參考號碼1 0代表,基本上,具有一本體1 2 ,該本體 1 2具有伸長之形態,且以例如爲圓形或卵形的區段形成 該加熱本體或工具1 4的支撐件與手柄,該工具1 4以例 如爲螺絲1 6的已知之機構,連接至該本體1 2之前方末 端。具有傳統形態且以圖形中之形態爲範例的該工具1 4 ’依據本發明,係經由鑄造例如爲黃銅的金屬所獲致,該 工具1 4的內側具有多數的導管與承座,被置於多數的位 置且延展,以使可控制及測度經由一末端噴嘴噴出之蒸汽 。特別的,依據一較佳實施例,該工具1 4具有一些互相 連通的管式導管,組成了供該霧化之液體用之多數的室 18,20,及形成罩入傳統之加熱本體24的一空穴 2 2,以及供一熱電耦2 8連接至該本體2 4的一孔2 6 。該室1 8與2 0係較佳的爲互相平行,其可如示於圖3 的對準於工具1 4的底部部份之相同平面,或如示於圖4 與圖5的疊置。該加熱本體2 4爲較佳的由一電阻器或類 似物所組成,經由一傳統電纜3 0饋入,該電纜3 0在形 成該熨斗1 0的手柄之本體1 2內延展,且自該本體1 2 的背部伸出,以與主要進給系統連接。 至少該縱向延展之室1 8 ,2 0的其中之一,傳到連 接近該工具1 4的前方末端部份,於相對應於該前方末端 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4规格(210X297公嫠) 7r~. ~ ------=----种衣------1T-----lii (讀先閱讀背面之注意事項再本頁) 經濟部中央標率局員工消費合作社印製 A 7 B7 五、發明説明(6 ) 處,形成組成該蒸汽出口噴嘴的一小開口 3 2。經由一或 更多的連接開口 34,該室18,20徑向的互相連通; 於該較佳實施例中,僅有一開口 3 4,且被形成在相對於 該噴嘴3 2之接近該室18,20的背部前方。 依據本發明之進一步的特徵,如示於圖4中之細部, 該室1 8,2 0的壁具有粗糙表面3 6 ;較佳的由一連續 的切螺紋形成之該表面的粗糙度,可選擇的,可經由鑽刻 或類似物,或於該工具1 4鑄造時直接的獲致。 該室1 8,2 0之壁的組態,顯著的增加在液體與該 工具1 4內側的金屬之間的接觸表面,對照其傾向於已知 的加溫現象,對於實質上限制該未霧化的液體流出該噴嘴 3 2係特別的有效。事實上,於利用該熨斗時,該工具 1 4由本體2 4加溫至高於1 0 0°C的溫度,甚至可達 200 °C ;流入蒸發室18,2 0‘內的一般爲水的液體之 液滴,會立即的由該熱金屬表面處的蒸汽層所包覆,且會 具有"跳躍(skipping )〃的傾向,而不會維持與該表面 接觸。其結果,於該室18,20的壁爲平順表面時,水 滴會與蒸汽一起流出,而產生破壞該被熨之加工品的危險 〇 經由切螺紋,鑽刻或類似系統,獲致在該室1 8, 2 0內側中之金屬與該液體之增加的接觸表面,亦允許產 生一連續的承座或多數之鄰接的承座,以供由合適材料形 成之覆蓋物,其適用於在液體一固體系統的二相態之間, 進一步的變化該界面張力(即爲切線之作用之力),該液 本紙張尺度適用中國國家榇準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐)_ 9 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再本頁) -* A7 B7 五、發明説明(7 ) 體-固體系統係由該室18 ,20的壁之金屬表面與流入 該室內的液體所代表。 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 (讀先閱讀背面之注意事項再本頁) 在該工具1 4有限的使用之後’形成例如由無機鹽, 氯化鈣或類似物的薄層之覆蓋物,該覆蓋物係溶解於液體 內,且在該室1 8 ,2 0之不均勻的壁上,自然的且均質 的沈澱而成;顯然的,在使用該工具1 4的進給室1 8, 2 0之前,可在合適的增加水溫之下,獲致該覆蓋物。於 圖4中,該覆蓋物以參考號碼3 8代表,且以實質上爲均 質的方式,組成該薄層並覆蓋了該工具1 4之霧化室1 8 ,2 0的全體粗糙表面。經由延長地使用該熨斗,沿著該 室1 8,2 0的粗糙表面聚積的覆蓋物傾向於增加,逐漸 的塡滿該不勻處(由參考號碼4 0代表),且逐漸的減少 該室的徑距。如果例如使用未蒸餾的水,該種增加的覆蓋 物會自然地產生。因而,不可避免的,當該覆蓋物到達某 種高稠度時,必須隨時的移除該沈澱層;可經由使用銑床 或類似物的傳統工具輕易的執行該種淸潔工作,給予該室 1 8,2 0仍具有粗糙的組態,且其不會移除沈澱在該不 勻處4 0之內側的材料。其結果,在進行淸潔工作之後, 在該液體-固體系統的相態之間的界面張力未被改變,該 工具1 4可立刻的再利用,而不會有熱液體自該噴嘴3 2 流出的危險性。有利的,由傳統的螺紋止件或類似機構( 未示於圖)的機構所封閉之該室1 8,2 0的嘴部,配入 一金屬襯套4 2 ,略示於圖4中。該襯套較佳的具有一內 部直徑’以使可允許經由在該室的嘴部內之簡單的機械干 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) A7 B7 五、發明説明(8 ) 涉而獲致穩定固著,且不排除使用黏膠劑或其他系統的機 構來連結之可能性。該襯套4 2之內部直徑調整爲適合於 該工具的尺寸’而被嵌入於該室1 8 ,2 0內,以執行該 淸潔工作;其結果,該工具所具有之直徑,使得不會刮到 該室之粗糙表面的頂部。 由機械加工或於鑄造該工具1 4時所獲致的該室1 8 ,2 0之粗糙度,與沿著相同壁於後形成之覆蓋物,可阻 礙該液體的液滴,排除了加溫現象,且因而確保僅有蒸汽 可自該噴嘴3 2排出。該沿展的室18,20經由通路 3 4而互相連通,該通路3 4決定出一迷陣狀的路徑(自 進入該工具14至經由該噴嘴32排出),其具有足夠的 長度以供該液體有足夠的時間進入霧化狀態。 經濟部中央標隼局員工消費合作社印聚 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明之該熨斗1 〇,有利的但非一定必要的連接至 一進給系統,適合於在該液體進入該室1 8,2 0之前, 經由一霧化裝置將空氣與液體事先混合。該霧化裝置(於 圖5及圖7中的參考號碼44所代表)由一管狀本體46 所組成,其中,具有運送流入一混合室5 2的空氣與水之 二分離的導管40,50。在該室5 2之前的該本體4 6 ’延伸進入一具有較小直徑的一管5 4,且以已知之機構 ’將該管5 4的前方末端5 6配合入且限制在該工具1 4 之室18 ’ 20的其中之一的嘴部內。參照圖5 ’該管 5 4的前方末端5 6配入延展在工具1 2內的該室2 0上 方之室18內,經由傳統的連接機構,導管48 ’ 50連 接至示於圖7中以參考號碼6 0所代表的該進給系統。該 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X297公釐)_ 11 _ 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(9 ) 系統由一經由一過濾器6 4及一減壓器6 2進給空氣的迴 路所組成,以用以調節空氣的壓力與容量。該迴路延展成 爲二分胞的支流6 6,68,該第一支流66連接至該霧 化裝置4 4的導管4 8 ( —電動閥7 0插入中間)。該迴 路之第二支流6 8進入容水箱7 2,且自該容水箱7 2排 出而連接至該霧化.裝置4 4之導管5 0 ( —電動閥7 4插 入中間)。一例如爲壓力計7 6的壓力控制機構,可允許 控制在該迴路內的壓力,該壓力較佳的被控制在 0 . 0 0 5與0 · 5 b a r之間。經由例如爲自該熨斗 1 0的手柄本體1 2突出之一按鈕1 2,起動該進給系統 時,由於個別的置於接近該支流6 6,6 8之電動閥7 0 ’ 7 4同時的開啓,導致可操作該系統,且確保可分別的 將一些數量的空氣與水進給至該霧化裝置4 4的室5 2內 ’且於其中混合。該加壓的空氣—水混合物,然後進入該 管5 4,且經由前方末端5 6而進入該工具1 4的室1 8 內。該管1 4的孔與相關之前方末端5 6係被合適的測度 ,以進行該空氣一水混合物的霧化。在該循環之最後或當 按鈕1 2 >被釋放,該水運送支流的電動閥7 4關閉,而 空氣運送支流的電動閥7 0仍維持開啓一段短時間,以自 該裝置4 4排除水之殘留物。如此,如果使用者未在短時 間內再起動該進給系統時,可用以防止自然的形成之不需 要產生的蒸汽;事實上,該霧化裝置4 4的管5 4,係至 少部份的嵌入該工具1 4的室1 8內,且經由傳導而加熱 該工具至一般爲高於2 0 0°C的高溫。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210X297公釐) -12- ———r——.---—裝! (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再1^·本頁)Line 1T · The Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperatives, Afan B7, B7 V. Description of the invention (3) Functional characteristics, among which, the following figure is referred to, which shows a preferred non-limiting implementation of the present invention example. Brief description of the graphs Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the iron of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic side view of a section of the heating body of the iron; Figure 3 is a schematic cross-section view of the same heating body; Figure 4 is the same A further partial cross-section side of the heating body. A schematic view showing an enlarged detail of the liquid being fed to the interior surface of the chamber; Figure 5 is a schematic drawing of the same heating body showing a sprayer embedded in the heating body Fig. 6 is a schematic side view of a further partial cross section of the heating body; " Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a feeding device connected to the iron of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Iron 12 Body 1 2 / Button 14 Tool 16 Screw 18 Room 2 0 Room 2 2 Cavity 2 4 Heating body This paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (210X297 mm) _6_ --I-- ? ---- ^ 衣 ------ Order I-line (please read the precautions on the back first, then this page) 5. Description of the invention (4) A7 B7 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 2 6 Cavity 2 8 Thermocouple 3 0 Cable 3 2 qf mouth 3 4 Opening 3 6 Irregular internal surface 3 8 Layer 4 0 Uneven 4 2 Metal bushing 4 4 Atomizer 4 6 Tubular body 4 8 Pipe 5 0 Pipe 5 2 Mixing chamber 5 4 Pipe 5 6 End 6 0 Feed system 6 2 Pressure reducer 6 4 Filter 6 6 Tributary 6 8 Tributary 7 0 Electric valve 7 2 Water holding tank 7 4 Electric valve --- r --.-- --Installation ------ Order ----- 1 line (read the precautions on the back before reading this page) This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 cm) Central of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Standards Bureau, Consumers' Cooperatives, Printed Poly A7 _____ Β7 ___ V. Description of the Invention (5) 7 6 Detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the pressure gauge refer to the aforementioned figure The overall iron of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is represented by the reference number 10 and basically has a body 12 having an elongated shape and having, for example, a circular or oval section. Forming the support and handle of the heating body or tool 14, the tool 14 is connected to the front end of the body 12 by a known mechanism such as a screw 16. The tool 1 4 ′, which has a traditional shape and is exemplified by the shape in the figure, is obtained by casting a metal such as brass according to the present invention. The inside of the tool 14 has a large number of conduits and sockets, and is placed in Most locations are extended so that steam can be controlled and measured through an end nozzle. In particular, according to a preferred embodiment, the tool 14 has a number of interconnected tube-like conduits, which constitute the majority of the chambers 18, 20 for the atomized liquid, and form a housing which encloses a conventional heating body 24. A hole 2 2 and a hole 2 6 for connecting a thermocouple 2 8 to the body 2 4. The chambers 18 and 20 are preferably parallel to each other, and may be aligned on the same plane as the bottom portion of the tool 14 as shown in FIG. 3 or stacked as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The heating body 24 is preferably composed of a resistor or the like, and is fed through a conventional cable 30, which extends within the body 12 forming the handle of the iron 10, and since The back of the body 12 is extended to connect with the main feed system. At least one of the longitudinally extending rooms 1 8 and 20 is transmitted to the front end portion connected to the tool 14 and the Chinese paper standard (CNS) A4 is applied to the paper size corresponding to the front end ( 210X297 male 嫠) 7r ~. ~ ------ = ---- seed clothing ------ 1T ----- lii (read the precautions on the back first, then this page) Ministry of Economy Central Standard The bureau ’s consumer cooperative printed A 7 B7 5. At the (6) description of the invention, a small opening 32 was formed to make up the steam outlet nozzle. Through one or more connection openings 34, the chambers 18, 20 communicate with each other radially; in the preferred embodiment, there is only one opening 34, and is formed close to the chamber 18 relative to the nozzle 32. , 20 front of the back. According to a further feature of the present invention, as shown in detail in FIG. 4, the walls of the chamber 18, 20 have a rough surface 36; the surface roughness of the surface preferably formed by a continuous cut thread may be The choice can be obtained by drilling or the like, or directly when the tool 14 is cast. The configuration of the walls of the chamber 18, 20 significantly increases the contact surface between the liquid and the metal inside the tool 14, compared with its tendency to known heating phenomena, which substantially limits the non-fog The liquid flowing out of the nozzle 32 is particularly effective. In fact, when using the iron, the tool 14 is heated from the body 24 to a temperature higher than 100 ° C, or even up to 200 ° C; the water flowing into the evaporation chamber 18, 20 'is generally water. Liquid droplets are immediately covered by the vapor layer at the surface of the hot metal, and will have a " skipping " tendency without maintaining contact with the surface. As a result, when the walls of the chambers 18 and 20 are smooth surfaces, water droplets will flow out together with the steam, and there is a danger of damaging the ironed processed product. Thread cutting, drilling or the like is obtained in the chamber 1 The increased contact surface of the metal in the inside of the liquid with the liquid also allows the creation of a continuous seat or a large number of adjoining seats for coverings made of a suitable material, suitable for use in liquid-solid Between the two phases of the system, the interfacial tension (that is, the force of the tangent line) is further changed. The size of the liquid paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) _ 9 (Please read first (Notes on the back page)-* A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) The solid-solid system is represented by the metal surfaces of the walls of the chambers 18 and 20 and the liquid flowing into the chamber. Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives (read the precautions on the reverse side of this page, and then on this page) After the limited use of the tool 14 'form a cover such as a thin layer of inorganic salt, calcium chloride or the like The covering is dissolved in the liquid and formed naturally and homogeneously on the uneven walls of the chamber 18, 20; apparently, in the feed chamber 1 using the tool 14 Before 8, 20, the covering can be obtained under an appropriate increase in water temperature. In Fig. 4, the covering is represented by reference number 38, and in a substantially homogeneous manner, forms the thin layer and covers the entire rough surface of the atomizing chambers 18, 20 of the tool 14. By using the iron for an extended period, the covering that accumulates along the rough surface of the room 18, 20 tends to increase, gradually filling the unevenness (represented by reference number 40), and gradually decreasing the room. Distance. If, for example, undistilled water is used, this added covering will naturally occur. Therefore, it is inevitable that when the covering reaches a certain high consistency, the sedimentation layer must be removed at any time; the cleaning work can be easily performed by using a traditional tool using a milling machine or the like, and the chamber is given 18 , 20 still has a rough configuration, and it will not remove the material deposited inside the uneven 40. As a result, the interfacial tension between the phases of the liquid-solid system is not changed after the cleaning work is performed, and the tool 14 can be reused immediately without hot liquid flowing out of the nozzle 3 2 Danger. Advantageously, the mouth of the chamber 18,20 closed by a conventional threaded stop or similar mechanism (not shown) is fitted with a metal bushing 4 2, which is shown in FIG. 4. The bushing preferably has an internal diameter so as to allow simple mechanical drying in the mouth of the chamber. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (8) Stable anchorage is involved, and the possibility of using adhesives or other system mechanisms for connection is not excluded. The inner diameter of the bushing 42 is adjusted to the size suitable for the tool and is embedded in the chamber 18, 20 to perform the cleaning work. As a result, the diameter of the tool is such that Scraped to the top of the rough surface of the chamber. The roughness of the chambers 18, 20 obtained by machining or casting the tool 14 and the cover formed later along the same wall can obstruct the liquid droplets and eliminate the phenomenon of heating And thus ensure that only steam can be discharged from the nozzle 32. The chambers 18, 20 along the exhibition communicate with each other via a passage 34, which determines a mysterious path (from entering the tool 14 to discharging through the nozzle 32), which has a sufficient length for the The liquid has enough time to enter the atomized state. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The iron 10 of the present invention is beneficial, but not necessarily necessary, connected to a feed system, suitable for use in Before the liquid enters the chamber 18, 20, air and liquid are mixed in advance through an atomizing device. The atomizing device (represented by reference numeral 44 in Figs. 5 and 7) is composed of a tubular body 46 having ducts 40, 50 for transporting air and water separated into the mixing chamber 52. The body 4 6 'before the chamber 5 2 extends into a tube 5 4 with a smaller diameter, and the front end 5 6 of the tube 5 4 is fitted into and limited to the tool 1 4 by a known mechanism' Inside the mouth of one of the rooms 18'20. Referring to FIG. 5 ′, the forward end 56 of the tube 5 4 is fitted into the chamber 18 extending above the chamber 20 in the tool 12, and the conduit 48 ′ 50 is connected to the tube shown in FIG. 7 via a conventional connection mechanism. The reference number 60 represents the feed system. The size of this paper is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) _ 11 _ Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shelley Consumer Cooperative, A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) The system consists of a filter and a filter 6 4 It is composed of a circuit for feeding air to the pressure reducer 62 to adjust the pressure and capacity of the air. The circuit is extended into a bifurcated branch stream 6 6,68, and the first branch stream 66 is connected to the duct 4 8 of the atomizing device 4 4 (the electric valve 70 is inserted in the middle). The second tributary 6 8 of the circuit enters the water holding tank 72 and is discharged from the water holding tank 72 and connected to the atomizing device. The pipe 50 of the device 4 4 (the electric valve 7 4 is inserted in the middle). A pressure control mechanism, such as a pressure gauge 76, allows the pressure in the circuit to be controlled, and the pressure is preferably controlled between 0.05 and 0.5aar. Via, for example, one of the buttons 12 protruding from the handle body 12 of the iron 10, when the feed system is started, the electric valve 7 0 '7 4 is simultaneously set due to the individual placement of the feed valve 6 6, 6 8 Turning on, leads to the operation of the system, and ensures that a certain amount of air and water can be fed into and mixed into the chamber 5 2 of the atomizing device 44 separately. The pressurized air-water mixture then enters the tube 5 4 and enters the chamber 1 8 of the tool 14 through the front end 56. The holes of the tube 14 and the related front end 56 are measured appropriately to atomize the air-water mixture. At the end of the cycle or when the button 1 2 > is released, the electric valve 74 of the water transport tributary is closed, while the electric valve 70 of the air transport tributary remains open for a short period of time to drain water from the device 44 Residues. In this way, if the user does not restart the feeding system within a short time, it can be used to prevent natural formation of unneeded steam; in fact, the tube 5 4 of the atomizing device 4 4 is at least partly Embedded in the chamber 18 of the tool 14 and heating the tool to a high temperature generally above 200 ° C via conduction. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X297 mm) -12- ——— r ——.---— packing! (Please read the precautions on the back before 1 ^ · this page)

、1T A7 A7 b/ 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印繁 五 、發明説明 I ( 10 ) 在 工 具 1 4的室1 8,2 0 內’通過 該 進 給 系 統 6 0 除 了 霧 化 空氣-水混合物之 外 ,不會進 入 水 滴 形 式 的 水 » 以 此 方 式 ,在工具1 4內之 蒸 汽的形成 與 白 該 噴 嘴 3 2 排 出 1 係 均 被加速。此外,經 由 該系統6 0 可 以 完 美 的 加 溫 該 將 被 霧化之水的數量, 該 數量較佳 的 不 超 過 3 m 1 / m i η > 且於任何情況下均可被正確的調節。 由 前 所 述,本發明之優點係極爲明顯的。 依 據 本 發明之熨斗,允許 該 蒸汽實質 上 的 -Ι-. 刻 白 該 工 具 的 噴 嘴 3 2輸送,而局部的 分 配至該將 被 熨 烫 的 加 工 件 上 給 予 存 在於該工具1 4內 的 迷陣狀的 室 1 8 2 0 > 由 於 該 室 的 內部組態與該相關 的 覆蓋物, 不 會 存 在 有 輸 送 出 熱 水 水 滴 的危險。進行該熨 Μ 之操作者 可 快 速 的 工 作 > 且 在 以 加 熱 工具14熨燙加工 件 之前,不 需 以 手 將 該 加 工 件加 以 潮 濕 。通過霧化裝置4 4的該熨斗1 0 至主 電 ,源 6 0 的 連 結 ,可允許正確的分 配 最小的水 數 量 > 且 於 該 工 具 1 4 的 內 側中加速該霧化。 如 W, 刖 所 述且於後述之申請 專 利範圍所 界 定 之 本 發 明 已 以 範 例 方 式提出,可以了解 本 發明可形 成 許 多 的 改 良 與 變 化 > 且 所 有的變化與改良均爲在本發明之槪念中。 例如 > 該工具1 4可具有不同數量的蒸發室1 8 > 1 9 且 該 室不需要具有直線 地 延展,以 形 成 大 致 爲 延 伸 的 迷 陣 且 該室內的內部壁之 粗 糙度,可 以 爲 不 連 續 的 或 有 差 異 的 以形成大致上爲較 深 的不均處 4 0 〇 此 外 > 該 液 體 的 進 給 至該熨斗1 0,可 由 任何機構 所 達 成 > 雖 然 較 裝 訂 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4現格(210X297公釐)_ 13 _ 請 先 閱 讀 背 面 之 注- 意 事 項 再 本 頁 A7 B7 五、發明説明(11 ) 佳的係爲連接至前述的系統6 0。 最後,形成本發明之熨斗的整體之構件或部份,亦可 能形成結構的倒轉或交錯的定位位置。 讀 先 閱 讀 背 意 事 項 再 % 本 頁 裝 訂 -I線 經濟部中央標準局8:工消費合作社印掣 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐)_ 14 _、 1T A7 A7 b / Fang Yin Consumer Cooperative of Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economy Yin Fan V. Invention Description I (10) Within the room 1 8,2 0 of the tool 14 'through the feed system 6 0 In addition to the atomizing air- Outside the water mixture, water that does not enter the form of drops »In this way, the formation of steam in the tool 14 and the discharge of the nozzle 3 2 are accelerated. In addition, the amount of water to be atomized can be perfectly warmed by the system 60, which is preferably not more than 3 m 1 / m i η > and can be properly adjusted under any circumstances. From the foregoing, the advantages of the present invention are extremely obvious. According to the iron of the present invention, the steam is allowed to be conveyed substantially-1-. The nozzle 32 of the tool is engraved, and the partial distribution to the work piece to be ironed is given to the fans existing in the tool 14 The array-shaped chamber 1 8 2 0 > Due to the internal configuration of the chamber and the related covering, there is no danger of delivering hot water droplets. The operator who performs the ironing can work quickly > and it is not necessary to wet the processing part by hand before ironing the processed part with the heating tool 14. The connection of the iron 10 to the mains and source 60 through the atomizing device 44 allows the smallest amount of water to be correctly distributed > and accelerates the atomization in the inside of the tool 14. As described by W, 刖, the present invention as defined in the scope of the patent application described below has been proposed by way of example. It can be understood that the present invention can form many improvements and changes. All changes and improvements are within the scope of the present invention. Miss it. For example > the tool 14 may have a different number of evaporation chambers 1 8 > 1 9 and the chamber does not need to have a linear extension to form a substantially extended array and the roughness of the interior wall of the chamber may be Discontinuous or differential to form a generally deep unevenness 40 〇 In addition > The feed of the liquid to the iron 10, can be achieved by any institution > Although the paper size for binding is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 is now available (210X297 mm) _ 13 _ Please read the note on the back-notes before this page A7 B7 V. Description of invention (11) The best system is to connect to the aforementioned system 60. Finally, components or parts forming the whole of the iron of the present invention may also form inverted or staggered positioning positions of the structure. Read first Read the memorandum and then% This page is bound -I Line Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 8: Industrial and Consumer Cooperative Cooperative Pressing This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) _ 14 _

Claims (1)

經濟部中央棣準局負工消費合作社印装 A8 驾 . - D8 六、申請專利範圍 1 . 一種熨斗,特別的適合於使用在皮鞋與皮革件領 敏中,包含了一工具(14),被接合至一抓持及手柄本 體(12),該工具(14)由金屬製成,且其內部提供 有供形成一或更多室(1 8 ,2 0 )之多數的導管與承座 ,該室係供承接被霧化的液體,且一鄰接之空穴用以承接 一加熱本體(24),該室的至少其中之一具有部份的或 整體的不規則內部表面(3 6 ),通過該噴嘴(3 2 )而 與該工具(1 4 )之外側連通。 2 .如申請專利範圍第1項之熨斗,其中,該工具( 14)的蒸發室(18’20) ’界定出供液體進給入該 -工具內的迷陣式路徑,該液體以高於1 〇 〇°C的來自該本 體(24)的溫度加熱,且通過該工具(1 4)的噴嘴( 3 2 ).而流出至外側’該工.具(1 4 )具有供一熱電耦連 接至該本體(2 4 )的一空穴(2 6 )。 3 .如申請專利範圍第1項之喪斗,其中,經由_開 口(34)而互相連通之該至少二室(18,20),於 工:具(1 4 )內互相平行的延展,且該室的至少其中之— ,具有部份的或全部的粗糙內部表面。 4 .如申請專利範圍第1項之熨斗,其中,該室( 1. 8 ’ 20)的至少其中之一的該不規則表面(36), 係經由連續的或斷續的切螺紋,鑽刻,或其他相等之機械 加工所獲致。 5 .如申請專利範圍第1項之熨斗,其中,該室( 1 8 ’ 2 ◦)的至少其中之一的該不規則表面(3 6 ), 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) ITF:------- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝. 、1Τ __& AB1CD 392019 六、申請專利範圍 係於鑄造該工具(1 4)時所獲致。 6 .如申請專利範圍第1項之熨斗,其中,該室( 18 ’ 20)的至少其中之一在工具(;L4)內延展至幾 乎達到該工具的向前部份之末端,於該室的底部前方形成 與外界連通之噴嘴(32)。 7 .如申請專利範圍第1項之熨斗,其中,該室( 18 ’ 20)之不規則表面(36) ’係由物質形成的層 (3 8 )所覆蓋。 8 .如申請專利範圍第7項之繫斗,其中,該用以覆 蓋表面(3 6 )的物質,係由一無機鹽所組成。 9 .如申請專利範圍第1項之熨斗,其中,該工具( 14)之室(18,20)的嘴部,提供有一金屬襯套( 4 2) ’該襯套(4 2 )的內部直徑係相等於或小於該室 之最小直徑的徑距。 1 0 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之熨斗,其中,流入該 工具(1 4 )的室(1 8 ’ 2 0 )內之液體,係來自一進 給系統(6 0 )的水或空氣-水混合物所組成。 1 1 .如申請專利範圍第1 〇項之熨斗,其中,該進 給系統(60)延展成爲二分離的支流(66,68), 該支流於至少一室(1 8,2 0)內個別的進給一加壓的 空氣水混合物。 1 2 .如申請專利範圍第1項之熨斗,其中,—霧化 裝置(44)連接至少一該室(is,20),且另一端 連接至該進給系統(60),該裝置(44)包含了二分 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -16 - ---------^-------ΐτ-----i ---- (請先閣讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印装 392019 ιι _ D8六、申請專利範圍 離的導.管(48,5 0),及供該加壓空氣與水用的一混 合室(5 2 )。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 系且 一入 進月 霧 4 其 工的連 CC 該, 由插 該氣 該 5 之 該}而體鈕 ’) ,被 ’空 ’C} ,0} 本按 中 2 中的 中縮 中管 4 中 60 柄 | 其 7 其別 I 其壓 其體 1 其彳3 手之 » ( ,個W,供 ,整C ,統C的出 斗箱 斗均之斗, 斗 | 具 斗系纜斗突 熨水 熨,8)熨P 。 熨入X熨該電熨} 之容 之>68之26)之進該 之或一該 2 項一 項 4 , 項 676項}與 項/少於 1 1 入 1760 c ¢22 伸 1 及至係 C 1 配 1 .61 器表 15 延。1}由 λ 體 第, 第 OC第壓力第第 4 經 ο 本 圍} 圍 7 流圍減壓圍室 6 連圍 2 均 3 該 範 8 範範一 | 範合 5>範自 利6 。 利閥的利了及利混CO利體}纜由 專彳出專動}專含,專該端 2 專本 4 電均 請流排請電 ο 請包}請在末,請熱 7 該且。 申支}申的 6申>4申} 一 8.申加,,,動 如的 2 如節{如 06 如 4 以1如之 ο 源展啓 ‘ )7 •調統 .6C · 4 ' ( .}7 電延所 30C4 所系 5C 器 6.C 方室 7 4C 主內 } 1.6 箱 1 器給 1 統濾 1 置前該 12 閥該 }-<該 時進 系過 裝的一 {動至 2. 2 統自 計該 給的 化}中 具雷接 11 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) -17 -The A8 driver printed by the Consumers' Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs.-D8 VI. Application for patent scope 1. An iron is particularly suitable for use in leather shoes and leather collars, including a tool (14), which is Engaged to a grip and handle body (12), the tool (14) is made of metal, and its interior is provided with a conduit and a socket for forming a majority of one or more chambers (18, 20), the The chamber is used to receive the atomized liquid, and an adjacent cavity is used to receive a heating body (24). At least one of the chambers has a partial or whole irregular internal surface (3 6). The nozzle (3 2) communicates with the outside of the tool (1 4). 2. The iron as claimed in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the evaporation chamber (18'20) of the tool (14) defines a staggered path for liquid to be fed into the tool, and the liquid is higher than 1 00 ° C is heated from the temperature of the body (24), and flows out to the outside through the nozzle (32) of the tool (14). The tool (14) has a thermocouple connection A cavity (2 6) to the body (2 4). 3. If the funeral of item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the at least two chambers (18, 20) communicated with each other through the opening (34), the extensions parallel to each other in the tool: (1 4), and At least one of the chambers-has a partially or fully rough inner surface. 4. The iron according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the irregular surface (36) of at least one of the chambers (1.8'20) is drilled and engraved by continuous or intermittent cutting threads , Or other equivalent mechanical processing. 5. As for the iron in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the irregular surface (3 6) of at least one of the chambers (1 8 '2 ◦), the paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ITF: ------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page).. 1T __ & AB1CD 392019 6. The scope of patent application is when the tool (1 4) is cast Was obtained. 6. The iron as claimed in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein at least one of the chambers (18'20) extends in the tool (; L4) to almost the end of the forward part of the tool in the chamber A nozzle (32) communicating with the outside is formed in front of the bottom of the. 7. The iron according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the irregular surface (36) 'of the chamber (18'20) is covered by a layer (38) formed of a substance. 8. The bucket according to item 7 of the scope of patent application, wherein the substance for covering the surface (36) is composed of an inorganic salt. 9. The iron according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the mouth of the chamber (18, 20) of the tool (14) is provided with a metal bushing (4 2) 'the inner diameter of the bushing (4 2) The diameter is equal to or smaller than the smallest diameter of the chamber. 1 0. According to the iron in the scope of patent application item 1, wherein the liquid flowing into the chamber (1 8 '2 0) of the tool (1 4) is water or air from a feeding system (6 0)- Composed of water mixture. 1 1. The iron as claimed in item 10 of the patent application scope, wherein the feeding system (60) is extended into two separate tributaries (66, 68), and the tributaries are individually in at least one room (18, 20). The feed is a pressurized air-water mixture. 1 2. The iron according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the atomizing device (44) is connected to at least one of the chambers (is, 20), and the other end is connected to the feeding system (60), and the device (44 ) Contains dichotomy paper size applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -16---------- ^ ------- ΐτ ----- i- -(Please read the notes on the back of the cabinet before filling out this page) Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperatives, 392019 ι _ D8 VI. Guidance for the application of patents. (48, 50), and A mixing chamber (5 2) for the pressurized air and water. Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Standards, Printing Department of Consumer Cooperatives, and one who enters the Moon Mist 4 and the company's CC, should be inserted into the gas, the 5 and the}, and the body button '), was' empty' C}, 0} this Press the middle and narrow tube in the middle 2 4 in the 60 handle | 7 other I I press its body 1 its 彳 3 hands »(, W, supply, whole C, uniform C out of the bucket box , Bucket | Bucket cable iron, 8) P. Ironing X ironing the electric iron} of the content > 68 of 26) into the or one of the 2 item 4 item, item 676 item} and item / less than 1 1 into 1760 c ¢ 22 extension 1 and to C 1 with 1.61 device Table 15 extension. 1} from λ body, OC, pressure, and 4th meridian ο Circumference Circumference 7 Circulation decompression enclosure 6 consecutive perimeters 2 all 3 The Fan 8 Fan Fanyi | Fanhe 5 > Fan Zili 6. The benefits of the favorable valve and the profit of the mixed CO} The cable is made by the special} special, the end 2 the book 4 the electricity, please drain, please call ο please wrap} please at the end, please heat 7 . Application and support} Application 6 application > 4 application} A 8. Application, addition, and movement 2 such as the festival {such as 06 as 4 and 1 as one ο source exhibition Kai) 7 • tune the system. 6C · 4 ' (.} 7 5C device attached to 30C4 of Dianyan Institute 6.C square chamber 7 4C main inside} 1.6 box 1 device to 1 system filter 1 front 12 valves this}-< at that time the system was installed in the { Move to 2.2, the system should be self-calculated. The paper size is 11. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm). -17-
TW87106527A 1997-08-05 1998-04-28 Iron TW392019B (en)

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IT (1) IT1294305B1 (en)
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ITMI20060584A1 (en) 2006-03-28 2007-09-29 Elettrotecnica B C S P A EQUIPMENT FOR IRONING SHOES
IT1393064B1 (en) * 2008-10-23 2012-04-11 Cottino DEVICE FOR DISTRIBUTING A HUMIDIFIED GASEOUS FLOW
TR201701724A2 (en) * 2017-02-06 2018-08-27 Arcelik As AN IRON WITH A WATER BOILING BOILER
CN112030502B (en) * 2020-08-17 2021-05-14 江西旺来科技有限公司 More energy-conserving and even clothing presses that irones

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US2234547A (en) * 1939-04-12 1941-03-11 United Shoe Machinery Corp Method of and apparatus for smoothing shoe uppers
US2683320A (en) * 1948-11-05 1954-07-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Steam iron
US2967365A (en) * 1954-07-15 1961-01-10 Gen Electric Boiler coating and method for applying
US3170257A (en) * 1962-09-17 1965-02-23 Dziadulonis Walter Portable iron
GB1176429A (en) * 1967-10-24 1970-01-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp Steam Chamber Coatings for Steam Irons and the like
DE3006783A1 (en) * 1980-02-22 1981-08-27 Ritter Aluminium Gmbh, 7300 Esslingen Stainless steel mesh insert for smoothing iron steam chamber - gives improved steam production and can use undistilled water
JPH02268800A (en) * 1989-04-10 1990-11-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Steam iron
FR2696197B1 (en) * 1992-09-29 1994-11-25 Seb Sa Iron with vaporization chamber provided with a water distribution grid.
FR2707732B1 (en) * 1993-07-16 1995-08-25 Seb Sa Vaporization chamber provided with an anti-calefaction layer.

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TR199801077A3 (en) 1999-02-22
CN1130999C (en) 2003-12-17
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ITMI971886A1 (en) 1999-02-05
TR199801077A2 (en) 1999-02-22
IT1294305B1 (en) 1999-03-24
EP0895730A2 (en) 1999-02-10
EP0895730A3 (en) 2000-11-22

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