TW202413774A - Arrangement for holding down a rail - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement for holding down a rail (14) having a rail foot (20), such as a stock rail, comprising a base (18), such as a slide chair plate, tongue roller plate or wheel guide plate, a plate element (16), such as a slide chair or counter bearing, detachably arranged on the base, a spring element (10) holding the plate element on the base, and a first and a second abutment for tensioning the spring element. To enable the rail to be held down with structurally simple measures and at the same time to achieve ease of maintenance and servicing, it is provided that the first abutment is a section (78) of the plate element (16) or extends therefrom, running in the region remote from the rail foot, in that the second abutment is an eccentric element (12) which preferably extends in the longitudinal direction of the rail (14) and is arranged rotatably in a receptacle (46) arranged between the rail foot (20) and the first abutment and starting from the base (18), and in that the spring element is designed to be supported on the rail foot (20).

Description

Configuration for press-down rails

The present invention relates to a configuration for depressing a track such as a base rail having a rail bottom, comprising: a base, such as a slide bed pad, a point rail roller plate or a rail guard plate; a plate element detachably arranged on the base, such as a slide bed plate or a mating support; a spring element for retaining the plate element on the base; and first and second thrust bearings for tensioning the spring element.

In order to fix the base rail, it is known to support the slide plate on its rail base for downward pressure, which is tensioned by spring elements relative to a base such as a slide bed plate or a pointed rail roller plate. As an alternative, downward pressure can also be achieved by the springs themselves. In this case, the spring elements are tensioned by the slide plate formed integrally with the base. The slide plate and the slide bed plate or rib plate are therefore of a monolithic design. A corresponding solution can be found in DE 22 59 683 A1.

WO 96/41920 A1 relates to a device for fixing a stock rail in a turnout, wherein a slide plate projects from a base and has a tunnel-like recess through which a spring element penetrates, by means of which the stock rail is pressed down. To tension the spring element, a cross wedge with a wedge-shaped extending flat portion is used, which passes through a transverse bore of the slide plate.

According to DE 103 38 421 A1 (EP 1 508 642 A1), the slide bed is tensioned by means of a spring element via a slide bed pad or rib so that the base rail is pressed down by the slide bed. For this purpose, the spring element is supported in a channel-like receptacle of the slide bed on the side of the rail bottom and on an eccentric pin away from the bottom. The slide bed itself is arranged detachably on the slide bed pad or rib.

In order to press down the basic rail by means of a slide plate which is detachably arranged on the slide bed pad, according to EP 0 778 372 A1, a rod-shaped eccentric spring element is provided, which is supported on the one hand on a thrust bearing constructed on the slide bed plate and on the other hand in a receiving portion extending from the slide bed pad or rib plate.

If the main rail is pressed down by the slide bed, the wheel force will be transmitted to the bottom of the main rail through the slide bed, which may cause the main rail to break due to stress concentration under the slide bed.

The object of the invention is to further improve an arrangement of the type mentioned in the opening paragraph so that the rail can be pressed down by relatively simple structural means and at the same time it is easier to carry out repairs and maintenance. The spring should be tensioned without danger by simple means.

In order to achieve one or more of the various aspects, it is essentially proposed that the first thrust bearing is a section of the plate element extending in an area away from the rail bottom, or extending from the section, the second thrust bearing is an eccentric element preferably extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail, the eccentric element is rotatably arranged in a receiving portion located between the rail bottom and the first thrust bearing and extending from the base, and the spring element is suitable for being supported on the rail bottom as a third thrust bearing.

The first and third thrust bearings may also be referred to as first and second supports, and the thrust bearing formed by the eccentric element extends between the first support and the second support.

According to the present invention, a configuration for pressing down a track, in particular a basic track, is proposed, wherein a plate element (such as a slide bed plate or a mating support), in particular a slide bed plate, does not press down the rail bottom, that is, it extends at a certain distance from its rail bottom, but can extend beyond its edge and press down a spring element tensioned by an eccentric element, so as to press down the rail bottom on the one hand and keep the plate element on the base on the other hand.

Depending on the position of the eccentric element, the plate element and the rail, which are detachably supported on the base, are tensioned and thus pressed down.

In this case, it is particularly provided that the spring element comprises a first thrust bearing which is built into the plate element or projects from the plate element, so that the plate element can no longer move. To this end, it is particularly provided that the contact area of the first thrust bearing has the geometry of a cylinder segment, the spring element rests on the first thrust bearing with a geometrically adapted end area and partially surrounds the first thrust bearing. This ensures that, at least in the tensioned state of the spring element, the spring element cannot move in its longitudinal direction.

The eccentric element is preferably a rod-shaped element having an eccentric geometry in the cross section in the contact area with the spring element, so that in a first position of the eccentric element, the spring element can be positioned in an untensioned manner, and in a second position of the eccentric element, the spring element is tensioned so that the rail bottom and the plate element together with the spring element are pressed downward.

Furthermore, the eccentric element should have an arcuate or circular segment geometry in cross section in the contact area with the spring element, thereby changing the distance of the contact area from the base according to the rotational position of the eccentric element, thereby tensioning or relaxing the spring element.

Preferably, the receiving portion has two bearing elements penetrated by the eccentric element, and the bearing elements extend in sections into the recesses of the plate element.

The bearing elements have through holes penetrated by the eccentric element, and the eccentric element also passes through the sections of the plate element, thereby realizing anti-tilt protection for the plate element.

Preferably, the spring element extends in the longitudinal direction of the plate element in the central region thereof.

In this case, the plate element should have a longitudinal recess extending from the first thrust bearing to the end area facing the track and limited by side walls. In order to establish a positive fit between the plate element and the base (anti-tilt), the side walls and the bearing elements are penetrated by the eccentric element. At the same time, the eccentric element is easily accessible for manipulation outside the plate element.

The bearing elements themselves should be partially surrounded by the sides and connected via in particular plate-like legs extending over the eccentric element.

In other words, the bearing elements are preferably the side edges of a receiving portion having a U-shaped cross section, and the base edge of the receiving portion extends above the eccentric element.

The eccentric element should have an actuating head, such as a polygonal head, in particular a square head, at least at one of its ends, so that the eccentric element can be smoothly rotated and thus the spring element can be tightened and relaxed. No special tools are required. Rather, an open-end spanner can be used, for example.

In particular, leaf springs whose largest cross section extends in the contact area with the eccentric element (e.g. eccentric pin) can be referred to as spring elements. In the relaxed state, the top side, i.e. the surface facing the eccentric element, should have a concave profile and the bottom side a convex profile, wherein the radius of curvature of the convex profile is smaller than the radius of curvature of the concave profile in its contact area.

The section of the eccentric element which is rotatably arranged in the bearing elements has a circular geometry in cross section.

Other details, advantages and features of the present invention are derived from the claims, from the features derived therefrom (as individual features and/or in combination) and from the embodiments derived from the following description of the drawings.

The technical principle of the invention for fixing the rail to the base in combination with the base rail is explained with reference to the attached drawings. First, the base rail is fixed by means of spring elements and then the base rail is fixed by means of a slide plate, which in turn can extend from a slide bed plate or a roller plate of a pointed rail. However, this does not limit the basic nature of the technical principle according to the invention. In particular, the technical principle can be used to fix the rail anywhere, in particular in the region of the fork fork, wherein a counter bearing can also be used instead of a slide plate.

In the drawings, which illustrate the present invention by way of example only, substantially identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

In this case, the invention is characterized in that the spring element 10 is tensioned by the eccentric element 12, thereby pressing the base rail 14 and the slide plate 16 down on the base 18 (rib plate/slide bed pad), and pressing down the spring itself.

The base rail 14 is supported on the base 18 via an elastic intermediate layer 19, which is also referred to below as a slide bed pad or rib. The base 20 of the base rail 14 is fixed by ribs 22, 24, 26 extending from the base 18 to prevent uncontrolled adjustment perpendicular to its longitudinal direction, wherein a retaining element of the rail fixing, such as a rail clamp 28 or a clamping plate, is fixed between the ribs 24, 26 in a known manner. In the figure, the rail clamp 28 is tensioned as a fixing element by tightening screws 30 in order to form an external fixing for the base rail 14. For this purpose, in this embodiment, a part of the rail clamp 28 is supported on the section of the rail base 20 that is on the left side in the figure.

The internal fixing of the base rail 14 is achieved by supporting a spring element 10 which can be called a leaf spring and which is supported with its edge region 32 on the left in the figure on the right-hand section of the rail base 20 .

According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the base 18 can be directly fixed to a concrete rail sleeper, a wooden rail sleeper, an artificial wooden rail sleeper or a solid roadbed by screws 34 and 36 , wherein disc springs 38 and 40 can be provided between the corresponding screw heads and the surface of the base.

The tip rail 42 is adjusted relative to the base rail 14 and the tip rail is adjusted on the surface of the slide bed 16.

The slide bed plate 16 is a component made independently of the base 18 and can be made, for example, by forging, casting or milling. If the slide bed plate 16 is a cast component, ductile iron or cast steel should be used.

The sliding bed pad 18 may also be manufactured using similar manufacturing processes and materials.

As shown in the comparison between Figures 1 and 2 and Figures 3 and 4, the slide bed 16 has a recess 44 extending longitudinally thereof and in particular in the central region, in which the spring element 10 extends. In the front region 46 of the slide bed, the recess 44 is covered so as to form a closed sliding surface for the pointed rail 42.

The recess 44 is bounded by side walls 48, 50 between which the leaf spring 10 extends. The side walls 48, 50 have recesses 52, 54 in a generally central region between the front and rear faces of the slide bed 16 which extend through the slide bed 16 over its entire height to provide space for a receptacle or bearing structure 56 extending from the base 18. The bearing structure 56 is generally a bearing housing which, in this embodiment, has a U-shape in cross section including side edges 58, 60 and a base edge 62.

The recesses 52, 54 preferably have a rectangular shape in a top view.

The sides 58, 60 have openings or bores 64, 66 aligned with one another, through which the eccentric element 12, referred to as a shaft or rod, passes in order to be able to rotate the eccentric element. For this purpose, the eccentric element 12 has an actuating head 68, such as a square head, in the end region in order to rotate the eccentric shaft 12, which is geometrically designed in the contact region 70 with the spring element in such a way that it achieves the desired eccentric effect, i.e., depending on the position of the shaft 12, the spring element 10 is tensioned (FIG. 4) or relaxed (FIG. 3).

To this end, the eccentric region 70 is in particular a geometric shape with an arcuate cross section. Other geometric shapes that enable the spring 10 to bend in order to tension it may also be used.

If the slide bed 16 is arranged on the base 18, the through holes 64, 66 of the bearing seat 56 are aligned with the openings 72, 74 in the side walls 48, 50 of the slide bed 16, so that the eccentric element 12 passes through all the drilled holes and can be rotated from the outside of the side foot 48 by a tool such as an open-end wrench.

The eccentric element 12 passes through the side walls 48, 50, so that it simultaneously forms an anti-tilt protection for the base rail 14 and the slide bed plate 16. A further advantage of mounting the eccentric element 12 in the central region is that, in the event of a break in the spring element 10, the plate element 16 is still held in place against tipping, lifting and movement. This also ensures that the rail 14 to be fixed is held in the desired position. This makes it possible to dispense with special protective measures, such as projections or grooves extending from the base plate and anchored to the plate element, which results in a simpler construction.

In the figure, it is also possible to identify recesses 49, 51 extending from the back of the side walls 48, 50, into which projections 53, 55 extending from the base 18 snap (see FIG. 2) to form an anti-displacement protection.

In addition, the drawings are clear in terms of components and structures.

After the slide plate 16 is placed on the base 18, first, the eccentric element 12 (i.e., the eccentric shaft) is pushed through the openings 72, 64, 66, 74 and fixed by the opening pin 75. Then, the spring 10 is pushed into the recess 44 from the back of the slide plate 16, wherein the spring 10 extends between the base 18 and the eccentric element 12.

In this case, the eccentric element 12 is arranged or rotated so that it can slide over without hindrance or stress so that, on the one hand, the front end 32 of the spring 10 is located on the rail bottom 20, and on the other hand, its rear end 76 can be supported on the first thrust bearing of the plate element 16, in particular on the protrusion 78 of the plate element 16 extending between the side walls 48, 50.

Generally speaking, the spring element 10 is supported at its ends on the one hand on a first thrust bearing formed by the rail base 20 and on the other hand on a plate element 16 or a rib or a section of the slide bed pad that serves as a second thrust bearing, more precisely in this embodiment on a ridge 78. Between the supports, an adjustable or rotatable eccentric element 12 is used as a thrust bearing.

In this case, the end section 76, which is curved in cross section, partially surrounds a section 78, which preferably has a quasi-circular geometry in cross section, in order to avoid uncontrolled movements and at the same time to produce a sufficient bearing surface for material-friendly force transmission. The adaptation of the end region 76 of the spring element 10 to the retaining section 78 extending between the side walls 48, 50 can also be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4.

The above situation also shows that the base rail 10 is pressed down only by supporting the spring element 10 on the rail bottom 20, rather than by pressing down through the sliding plate 16 as in the design of the prior art.

If the spring element 10 is positioned in an orderly manner, i.e. the front edge region 32 is located on the rail base 20 and the rear edge region 76 surrounds the section 78 in a form-fitting manner, the eccentric element 12 is rotated to tension the spring element 10, thereby simultaneously pressing down the base rail 14 and the slide bed 16 by stress. In this case, for example, the head of the eccentric element is fixed in a groove to prevent uncontrolled rotation when the spring is to be tensioned.

Two positions of the eccentric element 12 are shown in this connection in FIGS. 3 and 4 . In FIG. 3 , the spring element 10 is in the contact region 70 of the eccentric element 12 , in which the spring element 10 is not tensioned. Contact between the eccentric element 12 and the spring element 10 should be avoided. If the eccentric element 12 is rotated (in the embodiment by 180°), pressure is applied via the eccentric element 12 to tension the spring element 10 .

The spring element 10 is essentially composed of two outer legs 11, 13, which are connected to each other via an arc 15. This allows the spring element 10 to be inserted and positioned in a stress-free manner on a support provided for this purpose.

The spring element 10 has its greatest section modulus in the region of the arc 15, preferably in the contact region 70 with the eccentric element 12, i.e. below the required second thrust bearing. The section modulus decreases starting from the arc 15 along the legs 11, 13 due to the corresponding cross-sectional variation of the legs 11, 13.

In order to keep the structural height low or to achieve a greater section modulus in the region of the arc 15 of the spring element 10, an area X is provided below the second thrust bearing which is slotted in the base 18. The arc 15 of the spring element 10 is thus not hindered by the base 18 during insertion or downward tensioning, which in turn has a favorable effect on a lower structural height. The slotted area X is preferably produced directly from the base 18 (slider bed pad) by forging a bearing seat 56 with side edges 58, 60 and a base edge 62.

The contact area 70 should extend closer to the lower support plane of the base 18 relative to the highest ends A1, A2 of the legs 11, 13 of the spring element 10 facing away from the base in order to achieve a lower structural height.

Figure 2 shows the principle of elastic support.

The static stiffness of elastic supports should be greater than 30 kN/mm and not more than 100 kN/mm. For highly elastic supports, the static stiffness should be in the range of 4 kN/mm to 27.5 kN/mm.

In FIG2 , the slider pad (base 118) is elastically supported on a support member (such as a rail sleeper) through a plate 120. In order to fix the base 118 (such as a slider pad or a pointed rail roller plate) and the plate 120 extending thereunder and forming an elastic layer, the base and the plate are preferably penetrated by hexagonal screws 134, 136, wherein disc springs 138, 140 and thrust washers 142, 144 extending on the sides of the base are provided between the corresponding screw heads and the base 118.

In addition, the screws 134 and 136 pass through the inserts 146 and 148, and the inserts are inserted into the corresponding recesses 150 and 152 in the base 118, and the recesses are aligned with the corresponding recesses 154 and 156 of the plate 120.

The spring element 10 can be a spring element made of alloy quenched and tempered steel, and its strength is preferably between 1150 and 1450 N/mm ² , especially between 1200 and 1350 N/mm ^2. The hardness HRC should be between 35 and 40, especially between 38 and 42.

The spring element 10 is preferably electroplated with zinc.

The spring element 10 may have a width of between 45 mm and 50 mm and/or a length of between 225 mm and 275 mm and/or a thickness in the contact area with the eccentric element 12 of between 16 mm and 22 mm, the values being listed merely as examples.

The variation of the section modulus over the length of the tension spring is dimensioned so that the vertical tension stroke applied to the tension spring in the contact area 70 by the eccentric element 12 in the second position is between 1 mm and 5 mm, wherein the required compression force of the tension spring on the rail bottom is achieved, for example 12 kN.

The tensioning described above can also be applied to a slide bed of monolithic construction, wherein the base and the plate element are integrally formed. Therefore, the subject of the present invention is also a configuration for pressing down a track (such as a basic track) having a rail bottom, which includes a base (such as a slide bed pad, a pointed rail roller plate or a rail guard plate), a plate element extending from the base (such as a slide bed plate or a matching support), a spring element, and a first and a second thrust bearing for tensioning the spring element, wherein the first thrust bearing is a section of the plate element extending in an area away from the rail bottom, or extending from the section, and the second thrust bearing is an eccentric element preferably extending in the longitudinal direction of the track, and the eccentric element is rotatably arranged in a receiving portion between the rail bottom and the first thrust bearing, wherein the spring element is suitable for being supported on the rail bottom.

The receiving portion may protrude from the base or may be built into the plate element.

According to the technical solution of the present invention for pressing down the configuration of a track with a track bottom, with regard to the detachably arranged plate elements and the monolithic structural form, refer to the previously made description and the scope of the patent application.

10: spring element; leaf spring; spring 11: side foot 12: eccentric element; eccentric shaft; shaft 13: side foot 14: basic rail; rail 15: arc 16: slide bed plate; plate element 18: base; slide bed pad 19: middle layer 20: (basic rail) bottom; rail bottom 22: rib 24: rib 26: rib 28: rail clamp 30: clamping screw 32: edge area; front end 34: screw 36: screw 38: disc spring 40: disc spring 42: pointed rail 44: recess 46: front area 48: side wall; side foot 49: recess 50: side wall; side foot 51: recess 52: recess 53: protrusion 54: recess 55: protrusion 56: bearing structure; bearing seat; accommodating portion 58: side edge 60: side edge 62: base edge 64: drill hole; opening; through hole 66: drill hole; opening; through hole 68: operating head 70: contact area; eccentric area 72: opening 74: opening 75: opening pin 76: rear end; end section; edge area 78: ridge; section; first thrust bearing 118: base 120: plate 134: (Hex) screw 136: (Hex) screw 138: Disc spring 140: Disc spring 142: Thrust washer 144: Thrust washer 146: Insert 148: Insert 150: Recess 152: Recess 154: Recess 156: Recess A1: End A2: End X: (Slotted) area

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a first embodiment of a configuration for pressing down a track. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a second embodiment of a corresponding configuration. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a configuration for pressing down a track with a relaxed spring element. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration shown in FIG. 3 with a tensioned spring element.

10: Spring element; leaf spring; spring

12: eccentric element; eccentric shaft; shaft

14: basic track; track

16: Sliding bed plate; plate element

18: Base; sliding bed pad

19: Middle layer

20: (basic track) bottom; track bottom

22: Ribs

24: Ribs

26: Ribs

28: Rail clip

30: Tighten the screws

32: Edge area; front end

34: Screws

36: Screws

38: Disc spring

40: Disc spring

42: Pointed track

44: Concave part

46: Anterior area

48: side wall; side foot

50: side wall; side foot

52: Concave part

53: bulge

54: Concave part

55: bulge

56: bearing structure; bearing seat; accommodating part

58: Side

60: Side

62: Base edge

64: drilling hole; opening; through hole

66: drilling hole; opening; through hole

68: Manipulation head

70: contact area; eccentric area

72: Open mouth

74: Open mouth

75: Split pin

76: rear end; terminal section; edge area

78: bulge; section; first thrust bearing

X: (grooving) area

Claims (15)

A configuration for a down-pressing track, wherein the track (14) is a basic track and has a track bottom (20), comprising: a base (18, 118), such as a slide bed pad, a pointed rail roller plate or a rail guard plate; a plate element (16) detachably arranged on the base, such as a slide bed plate or a mating support; a spring element (10) to hold the plate element on the base; and a first and a second thrust bearing for tensioning the spring element, characterized in that: The first thrust bearing is a section (78) of the plate element (16) extending in a region away from the rail bottom, or extending from the section, and the second thrust bearing is an eccentric element (12) preferably extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail (14), the eccentric element being rotatably arranged in a receiving portion (56) located between the rail bottom (20) and the first thrust bearing and extending from the base (18, 118), and the spring element is suitable for being supported on the rail bottom (20). A configuration as in claim 1, wherein the eccentric element (12) is a rod-shaped element, such as an axle, having an eccentric geometry in a cross section in a contact area (70) with the spring element (10), so that in a first position of the eccentric element, the spring element (10) is untensioned, and in a second position, the spring element is tensioned so that the rail bottom (20) and the plate element (16) are pressed downward. A configuration as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the contact area (70), the eccentric element (12) has an arcuate or circular segment geometry in cross section. As in the configuration of claim 1, wherein the receiving portion (56) has two bearing elements (58, 60) extending in sections into the recesses (52, 54) of the plate element (16). A configuration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spring element (10) extends in the longitudinal direction of the plate element in the central region of the plate element (16). As in claim 1, the first thrust bearing (78) has a cylindrical segment geometry, and the spring element (10) rests against the first thrust bearing by means of a geometrically adapted end region (76), so that the spring element cannot move longitudinally when in a tensioned state. As in the configuration of claim 2, the cross-sectional area or section modulus of the spring element (10) in the contact region (70) with the eccentric element (12) is greater than the cross-sectional area or section modulus in the contact region with the rail bottom (20) and with the first thrust bearing (78). As in the configuration of claim 1, the plate element (16) has a longitudinal recess (44) for accommodating the spring element (10), which preferably extends from the first thrust bearing (78) and extends along the longitudinal direction of the plate element and is limited by side walls (48, 50), and the side walls are penetrated by the eccentric element (12). As in claim 4, the bearing elements (58, 60) of the eccentric element (12) are partially surrounded by side walls (48, 50). As in the configuration of claim 4, the bearing elements (58, 60) are the side edges of the receiving portion (56) having a U-shaped cross section, and the base edge (62) of the receiving portion extends above the eccentric element (12). As in the configuration of claim 1, the eccentric element (12) is constructed as a manipulation head (68) at least at one of its ends, such as a polygonal head, in particular a square head, and the manipulation head is located in the outer side area of one of the side legs (48, 50). As in the configuration of claim 1, the plate element (16) extends above the rail bottom (20) with its end region extending on the rail side and is spaced a distance from the rail bottom. As in the configuration of claim 1, the contact area (70) between the eccentric element (12) and the spring element (10) extends closer to the lower support plane of the base (18) than the ends (Al, A2) of the side legs (11, 13) of the spring element which are away from the base and have corresponding minimum distances from the lower support plane of the base. A configuration for a down-track, wherein the track (14), such as a base track having a track bottom (20), includes a base (18, 118), such as a slide bed pad, a pointed rail roller plate or a rail guard plate; a plate element (16), extending from the base, such as a slide bed plate or a mating support; a spring element (10); and a first and a second thrust bearing for tensioning the spring element, The first thrust bearing is a section (78) of the plate element (16) extending in a region away from the rail bottom, or extending from the section, and the second thrust bearing is an eccentric element (12) preferably extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail (14), the eccentric element being rotatably arranged in a receiving portion (56) between the rail bottom (20) and the first thrust bearing, wherein the spring element is suitable for being supported on the rail bottom (20). The configuration of claim 14, wherein the configuration has the characteristics of one or more of claims 2 to 12.