TW202346892A - Distance sensing apparatus and sensing method thereof - Google Patents

Distance sensing apparatus and sensing method thereof Download PDF

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TW202346892A
TW202346892A TW111144160A TW111144160A TW202346892A TW 202346892 A TW202346892 A TW 202346892A TW 111144160 A TW111144160 A TW 111144160A TW 111144160 A TW111144160 A TW 111144160A TW 202346892 A TW202346892 A TW 202346892A
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sensing
light
distance
count value
diode
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TW111144160A
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孫伯偉
陳經緯
胡耀升
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神盾股份有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G01S17/10—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves
    • G01S17/14—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves wherein a voltage or current pulse is initiated and terminated in accordance with the pulse transmission and echo reception respectively, e.g. using counters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/486—Receivers
    • G01S7/4861—Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

An distance sensing apparatus and sensing method thereof are provided. Providing a distance sensing light to a distance sensing target to generate a reflected light. A count value is generated by counting breakdown times of a photo-sensing diode according to a photo-sensing signal generated by the photo-sensing diode sensing the reflected light during receiving the avalanche bias voltage. A distance between the distance sensing apparatus and the distance sensing target is determined according to the count value.

Description

距離感測裝置及其感測方法Distance sensing device and sensing method thereof

本發明是有關於一種感測裝置，且特別是有關於一種距離感測裝置及其感測方法。The present invention relates to a sensing device, and in particular, to a distance sensing device and a sensing method thereof.

諸多現代電子裝置中皆存在具有光子裝置的積體晶片（Integrated chip，IC）。一般來說，光感測晶片常利用光電流積分的方式，將電流轉到電壓，再利用類比數位轉換器來進行解碼。類比數位轉換器具有設計複雜且耗電的缺點，且在低光源的情形下，需要高精度的類比數位轉換電路進行雜訊控制或增加光感測二極體的數量，來提高感測靈敏度，然如此將提高電路面積且會使成本上升。此外，以光電流積分的方式來進行信號處理，需要足夠的積分時間來避免訊雜比過低，然如此將大幅地限制資料回報速率(report rate)。Integrated chips (ICs) with photonic devices exist in many modern electronic devices. Generally speaking, light sensing chips often use photocurrent integration to convert the current into voltage, and then use an analog-to-digital converter for decoding. Analog-to-digital converters have the disadvantages of complex design and power consumption. In the case of low light sources, high-precision analog-to-digital conversion circuits are required for noise control or to increase the number of light sensing diodes to improve sensing sensitivity. However, this will increase the circuit area and increase the cost. In addition, using photocurrent integration for signal processing requires sufficient integration time to prevent the signal-to-noise ratio from being too low, which will significantly limit the data report rate.

本發明提供一種距離感測裝置及其感測方法，可在不增加電路面積、成本以及功耗的情形下，提供良好的感測品質以及資料回報速率，且相較於傳統的光感測二極體，可以更小的電路面積達到相同的感測敏感度。另，在低強度的反射光的情形下，本發明之距離感測裝置仍可提供良好的感測品質。The present invention provides a distance sensing device and a sensing method thereof, which can provide good sensing quality and data return rate without increasing circuit area, cost and power consumption, and compared with traditional light sensing two The polar body can achieve the same sensing sensitivity in a smaller circuit area. In addition, in the case of low-intensity reflected light, the distance sensing device of the present invention can still provide good sensing quality.

本發明的距離感測裝置包括光源、偏壓電壓產生電路、光感測二極體、淬熄電路、計數器電路以及信號處理電路。光源提供測距光至測距目標而產生反射光。偏壓電壓產生電路提供崩潰偏壓電壓或標準偏壓電壓。光感測二極體的陰極端耦接偏壓電壓產生電路，感測反射光而產生光感測信號。淬熄電路耦接光感測二極體的陽極端，淬熄光感測二極體。計數器電路耦接光感測二極體的陽極端，依據光感測二極體在接收崩潰偏壓電壓期間產生的光感測信號計數光感測二極體的崩潰次數而產生計數值。信號處理電路耦接計數器電路，依據計數值判斷距離感測裝置與測距目標間的距離。The distance sensing device of the present invention includes a light source, a bias voltage generating circuit, a light sensing diode, a quenching circuit, a counter circuit and a signal processing circuit. The light source provides ranging light to the ranging target to generate reflected light. The bias voltage generating circuit provides a collapse bias voltage or a standard bias voltage. The cathode terminal of the light sensing diode is coupled to the bias voltage generating circuit, and senses the reflected light to generate a light sensing signal. The quenching circuit is coupled to the anode terminal of the light sensing diode to quench the light sensing diode. The counter circuit is coupled to the anode terminal of the light sensing diode, and counts the number of collapses of the light sensing diode according to the light sensing signal generated by the light sensing diode during receiving the breakdown bias voltage to generate a count value. The signal processing circuit is coupled to the counter circuit and determines the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target based on the count value.

本發明還提供一種距離感測裝置的感測方法，包括下列步驟。提供測距光至測距目標而產生反射光。提供崩潰偏壓電壓。依據光感測二極體在接收崩潰偏壓電壓期間感測反射光而產生的光感測信號計數光感測二極體的崩潰次數而產生計數值。依據計數值判斷距離感測裝置與測距目標間的距離。The invention also provides a sensing method of a distance sensing device, which includes the following steps. Providing ranging light to the ranging target to generate reflected light. Provides breakdown bias voltage. The count value is generated by counting the number of collapses of the light sensing diode based on the light sensing signal generated by sensing the reflected light during the period when the light sensing diode receives the breakdown bias voltage. The distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target is determined based on the count value.

基於上述，本發明實施例的光感測二極體可接收崩潰偏壓電壓並進行光感測而產生光感測信號，計數器電路可依據光感測信號計數光感測二極體的崩潰次數而產生計數值，信號處理電路依據計數值判斷距離感測裝置與測距目標間的距離。如此利用在極度逆偏狀態下的光感測二極體來進行光感測，並利用計數器電路的計數值來計算光感測二極體所感測到的光強度，可避免使用積分器電路，而可在不增加電路面積、成本以及功耗的情形下，提供良好的感測品質以及資料回報速率，且相較於傳統的光感測二極體，可以更小的電路面積達到相同的感測敏感度。另，在低強度的反射光的情形下，本發明之距離感測裝置仍可提供良好的感測品質。Based on the above, the light sensing diode according to the embodiment of the present invention can receive the collapse bias voltage and perform light sensing to generate a light sensing signal. The counter circuit can count the number of collapses of the light sensing diode based on the light sensing signal. A count value is generated, and the signal processing circuit determines the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target based on the count value. In this way, the light sensing diode in an extremely reverse biased state is used for light sensing, and the counting value of the counter circuit is used to calculate the light intensity sensed by the light sensing diode, thereby avoiding the use of an integrator circuit. It can provide good sensing quality and data return rate without increasing circuit area, cost and power consumption. Compared with traditional light sensing diodes, it can achieve the same sensing with a smaller circuit area. Measure sensitivity. In addition, in the case of low-intensity reflected light, the distance sensing device of the present invention can still provide good sensing quality.

為了使本發明之內容可以被更容易明瞭，以下特舉實施例做為本發明確實能夠據以實施的範例。另外，凡可能之處，在圖式及實施方式中使用相同標號的元件/構件/步驟，係代表相同或類似部件。In order to make the content of the present invention easier to understand, the following embodiments are given as examples according to which the present invention can be implemented. In addition, wherever possible, elements/components/steps with the same reference numbers in the drawings and embodiments represent the same or similar parts.

以下請參照圖1，圖1是依照本發明一實施例所繪示的距離感測裝置的示意圖。距離感測裝置可包括偏壓電壓產生電路102、光感測二極體PD1(例如，單光子崩潰二極體Single Photon Avalanche Diode，SPAD)、淬熄(quenching)電路104、計數器電路106、信號處理電路108以及光源110，偏壓電壓產生電路102耦接光感測二極體PD1的陰極端，淬熄電路104耦接光感測二極體PD1的陽極端。偏壓電壓產生電路102可用以提供崩潰偏壓電壓至光感測二極體PD1，而使光感測二極體PD1進入極度逆偏的狀態，如此當一光子注入光感測二極體PD1的空乏層時，可觸發光感測二極體PD1產生崩潰(avalanche)電流，而提供光感測信號S1。此外，淬熄電路104可在光感測二極體PD1提供光感測信號S1後淬熄光感測二極體PD1，以將光感測二極體PD1的陽極端電壓回復到提供光感測信號S1前的電壓，淬熄電路104為主動式或被動式，本發明並不限定。值得注意的是，在圖1實施例中雖僅繪示一個由光感測二極體PD1與淬熄電路104形成的光感測單元，然不以此為限，在其它實施例中，距離感測裝置可包括更多個光感測單元，例如由多個光感測單元形成的光感測單元陣列。Please refer to FIG. 1 below. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a distance sensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The distance sensing device may include a bias voltage generation circuit 102, a light sensing diode PD1 (for example, a Single Photon Avalanche Diode, SPAD), a quenching circuit 104, a counter circuit 106, a signal The processing circuit 108 and the light source 110, the bias voltage generating circuit 102 is coupled to the cathode terminal of the light sensing diode PD1, and the quenching circuit 104 is coupled to the anode terminal of the light sensing diode PD1. The bias voltage generating circuit 102 can be used to provide a collapse bias voltage to the photo sensing diode PD1, so that the photo sensing diode PD1 enters an extreme reverse bias state, so that when a photon is injected into the photo sensing diode PD1 When the depletion layer is depleted, the photo-sensing diode PD1 can be triggered to generate an avalanche current to provide a photo-sensing signal S1. In addition, the quenching circuit 104 can quench the light sensing diode PD1 after the light sensing diode PD1 provides the light sensing signal S1, so as to restore the anode terminal voltage of the light sensing diode PD1 to provide light sensing. The invention does not limit whether the quenching circuit 104 is active or passive based on the voltage before the signal S1 is measured. It is worth noting that although only one light sensing unit formed by the light sensing diode PD1 and the quenching circuit 104 is shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1, it is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the distance The sensing device may include more light sensing units, such as a light sensing unit array formed by a plurality of light sensing units.

計數器電路106可依據光感測信號S1計數光感測二極體PD1的崩潰次數而產生計數值C1給信號處理電路108，信號處理電路108可依據計數值C1判斷光感測二極體PD1所感測到的光強度。舉例來說，如圖2所示，信號處理電路108可依據計數器電路106計數光感測期間T1光感測信號S1的脈衝數量(也就是光感測二極體PD1於光感測期間T1的崩潰次數)所得到的計數值C1，來判斷光感測二極體PD1於光感測期間T1所感測到的光強度，其中計數值C1越大代表光感測二極體PD1於光感測期間T1所感測到的光強度越強。其中光感測期間T1可例如為光感測二極體PD1接收崩潰偏壓電壓的期間，然不以此為限，也可依使用者需求設定為其它期間，例如光源110提供測距光L1的期間、光感測二極體PD1處於逆偏狀態的期間或計數器電路106執行計數的期間。The counter circuit 106 can count the number of collapses of the light sensing diode PD1 according to the light sensing signal S1 and generate a count value C1 to the signal processing circuit 108. The signal processing circuit 108 can determine the number of collapses of the light sensing diode PD1 based on the count value C1. Measured light intensity. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 , the signal processing circuit 108 can count the number of pulses of the light sensing signal S1 during the light sensing period T1 according to the counter circuit 106 (that is, the number of pulses of the light sensing diode PD1 during the light sensing period T1 The count value C1 obtained by the number of collapses) is used to determine the light intensity sensed by the light sensing diode PD1 during the light sensing period T1. The larger the count value C1 is, the greater the count value C1 is, which means that the light sensing diode PD1 is in the light sensing period. The stronger the light intensity sensed during T1. The light sensing period T1 can be, for example, the period during which the light sensing diode PD1 receives the collapse bias voltage. However, it is not limited to this. It can also be set to other periods according to the user's needs. For example, the light source 110 provides the ranging light L1 period, the period during which the photo-sensing diode PD1 is in the reverse biased state, or the period during which the counter circuit 106 performs counting.

如圖3所示，當距離感測裝置進行距離感測時，光源110可提供測距光L1，測距光L1在被測距目標OB1反射後產生反射光L2，光源110可例如為雷射光源，然不以此為限。光感測二極體PD1可感測反射光L2而產生光感測信號S1。計數器電路106依據光感測信號S1計數光感測二極體PD1的崩潰次數而產生計數值C1給信號處理電路108。信號處理電路108則可依據計數值C1判斷距離感測裝置與測距目標OB1間的距離，其中計數值C1越大代表距離感測裝置與測距目標OB1間的距離越短。As shown in Figure 3, when the distance sensing device performs distance sensing, the light source 110 can provide ranging light L1. The ranging light L1 generates reflected light L2 after being reflected by the ranging target OB1. The light source 110 can be, for example, a laser. The light source is not limited to this. The light sensing diode PD1 can sense the reflected light L2 to generate a light sensing signal S1. The counter circuit 106 counts the number of collapses of the light sensing diode PD1 according to the light sensing signal S1 and generates a count value C1 to the signal processing circuit 108 . The signal processing circuit 108 can determine the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target OB1 based on the count value C1. The larger the count value C1, the shorter the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target OB1.

如此藉由將光感測二極體PD1偏壓至極度逆偏的狀態，可提高距離感測裝置對雜訊的抵抗能力，即使在光感測二極體PD1所接收到的反射光L2具有低強度的情形下仍可準確地判斷距離感測裝置與測距目標OB1間的距離，而具有良好的感測品質。舉例來說，當光感測二極體PD1應用於鄰近感測器(proximity sensor)時，在鄰近感測器與測距目標間的距離較遠而導致光感測二極體PD1所接收到的反射光L2強度明顯下降的情形下，感測二極體PD1仍可提供高訊雜比的光感測信號S1，而可精準地判斷鄰近感測器與測距目標間的距離。此外利用計數器電路106計數光感測二極體PD1的崩潰次數所產生計數值C1來判斷距離感測裝置與測距目標OB1間的距離，可不需設置積分器與類比數位轉換器，而可進一步縮小電路面積、降低功率消耗並降低生產成本，相較於傳統的光感測二極體，可以更小的電路面積達到相同的感測敏感度。In this way, by biasing the light sensing diode PD1 to an extremely reverse biased state, the resistance of the distance sensing device to noise can be improved, even when the reflected light L2 received by the light sensing diode PD1 has Under low-intensity conditions, the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target OB1 can still be accurately determined, and the sensing quality is good. For example, when the light sensing diode PD1 is applied to a proximity sensor, the distance between the proximity sensor and the ranging target is relatively long, causing the light sensing diode PD1 to receive Even when the intensity of the reflected light L2 is significantly reduced, the sensing diode PD1 can still provide a high signal-to-noise ratio light sensing signal S1, and can accurately determine the distance between the proximity sensor and the ranging target. In addition, the counter circuit 106 is used to count the number of collapses of the light sensing diode PD1 to generate a count value C1 to determine the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target OB1. This eliminates the need to set up an integrator and an analog-to-digital converter, and can further Reduce circuit area, reduce power consumption and reduce production costs. Compared with traditional light sensing diodes, the same sensing sensitivity can be achieved in a smaller circuit area.

此外，信號處理電路108還可依據距離感測裝置與測距目標OB1間的距離判斷是否執行預設操作。其中預設操作可隨距離感測裝置的應用而有所不同，舉例來說，假設距離感測裝置為應用於手機，預設操作可例如為開啟或關閉手機的螢幕顯示，例如在距離感測裝置與測距目標OB1間的距離由大於距離門檻值變化至小於距離門檻值時，信號處理電路108可關閉手機的螢幕功能，而當距離感測裝置與測距目標OB1間的距離由小於距離門檻值變化至大於距離門檻值時，信號處理電路108可開啟手機的螢幕功能，如此可在使用者接聽電話時關閉手機的螢幕功能，並在結束通話將手機移離面部時恢復手機的螢幕功能。In addition, the signal processing circuit 108 can also determine whether to perform the preset operation based on the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target OB1. The preset operation may vary depending on the application of the distance sensing device. For example, assuming that the distance sensing device is applied to a mobile phone, the preset operation may be, for example, turning on or off the screen display of the mobile phone, such as when the distance sensing device is used. When the distance between the device and the ranging target OB1 changes from greater than the distance threshold to less than the distance threshold, the signal processing circuit 108 can turn off the screen function of the mobile phone, and when the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target OB1 changes from less than the distance When the threshold value changes to be greater than the distance threshold value, the signal processing circuit 108 can turn on the screen function of the mobile phone, so that the screen function of the mobile phone can be turned off when the user answers the call, and the screen function of the mobile phone can be restored when the user ends the call and moves the phone away from the face. .

其中距離門檻值可如圖4所示，通過設定對應距離門檻值的計數門檻值TH1來達成，當計數值C1大於計數門檻值TH1時代表距離感測裝置與測距目標OB1間的距離小於距離門檻值，而當計數值C1小於計數門檻值TH1時代表距離感測裝置與測距目標OB1間的距離大於距離門檻值。值得注意的是，預設操作並不以開啟手機的螢幕功能為限，在其他實施例中，預設操作也可為藍牙耳機的連線功能的啟動與關閉，例如當距離感測裝置與測距目標OB1間的距離由大於距離門檻值變化至小於距離門檻值時，信號處理電路108可開啟藍牙耳機的連線功能，以與播放裝置連線，而當距離感測裝置與測距目標OB1間的距離由小於距離門檻值變化至大於距離門檻值時，信號處理電路108可關閉藍牙耳機的連線功能，以斷開與播放裝置的連線。值得注意的是，距離門檻值的數量並不以圖4實施例為限，在其它實施例中，也可設定多個不同的距離門檻值，並依據計數值C1與多個距離門檻值間的大小關係變化設定不同的預設操作，而不以圖4實施例為限。The distance threshold can be achieved by setting the counting threshold TH1 corresponding to the distance threshold as shown in Figure 4. When the count value C1 is greater than the counting threshold TH1, it means that the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target OB1 is less than the distance. The threshold value, and when the count value C1 is less than the count threshold value TH1, it means that the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target OB1 is greater than the distance threshold value. It is worth noting that the default operation is not limited to turning on the screen function of the mobile phone. In other embodiments, the default operation can also be turning on and off the connection function of the Bluetooth headset, such as when the distance sensing device is connected to the measuring device. When the distance from the target OB1 changes from greater than the distance threshold to less than the distance threshold, the signal processing circuit 108 can enable the connection function of the Bluetooth headset to connect with the playback device. When the distance sensing device and the distance measurement target OB1 When the distance between the Bluetooth headsets changes from less than the distance threshold to greater than the distance threshold, the signal processing circuit 108 can turn off the connection function of the Bluetooth headset to disconnect the connection with the playback device. It is worth noting that the number of distance thresholds is not limited to the embodiment in Figure 4. In other embodiments, multiple different distance thresholds can also be set, and based on the difference between the count value C1 and the multiple distance thresholds The size relationship changes to set different default operations, and is not limited to the embodiment in FIG. 4 .

此外，在部分實施例中，信號處理電路108還可依據誤差補償計數值來校正距離感測裝置與測距目標間的距離，其中誤差補償計數值可例如包括光源110未提供測距光L1時，計數器電路106依據光感測二極體PD1提供的光感測信號S1進行計數而得到的計數值以及計數器電路106依據光感測二極體PD1感測測距目標OB1以外的物體反射測距光L1所產生的反射光(例如測距光L1因漫射效應而被距離感測裝置中的其它元件反射所產生的反射光，然不以此為限)而產生的光感測信號進行計數而得到的計數值至少其中之一。信號處理電路108可例如將計數值C1減去誤差補償計數值，以更精確地獲得對應被測距目標OB1反射後產生反射光L2的計數值，從而提高距離感測裝置的感測品質。In addition, in some embodiments, the signal processing circuit 108 can also correct the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target based on the error compensation count value, where the error compensation count value may include, for example, when the light source 110 does not provide the ranging light L1 , the counter circuit 106 counts according to the light sensing signal S1 provided by the light sensing diode PD1, and the counter circuit 106 measures the distance based on the reflection of objects other than the ranging target OB1 sensed by the light sensing diode PD1. The light sensing signals generated by the reflected light generated by the light L1 (for example, the reflected light generated by the ranging light L1 being reflected by other elements in the distance sensing device due to the diffusion effect, but not limited to this) are counted. And the resulting count value is at least one of them. The signal processing circuit 108 may, for example, subtract the error compensation count value from the count value C1 to more accurately obtain the count value corresponding to the reflected light L2 generated after being reflected by the ranging target OB1, thereby improving the sensing quality of the distance sensing device.

圖5是依照本發明另一實施例的距離感測裝置的示意圖。在本實施例中，距離感測裝置還可包括開關SW1、切換電路502以及讀出電路504，其中開關SW1耦接於光感測二極體PD1的陽極端與淬熄電路104之間，切換電路502耦接於光感測二極體PD1的陽極端、計數器電路106與讀出電路504之間，讀出電路504還耦接信號處理電路108。其中讀出電路504可例如以開關SW2與SW3來實施，開關SW2耦接於光感測二極體PD1的陽極端與計數器電路106之間，開關SW3耦接於光感測二極體PD1的陽極端與讀出電路504之間。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a distance sensing device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the distance sensing device may further include a switch SW1, a switching circuit 502 and a readout circuit 504. The switch SW1 is coupled between the anode terminal of the photo-sensing diode PD1 and the quenching circuit 104. The circuit 502 is coupled between the anode terminal of the light sensing diode PD1, the counter circuit 106 and the readout circuit 504. The readout circuit 504 is also coupled to the signal processing circuit 108. The readout circuit 504 can be implemented by, for example, switches SW2 and SW3. The switch SW2 is coupled between the anode terminal of the photo-sensing diode PD1 and the counter circuit 106. The switch SW3 is coupled to the anode terminal of the photo-sensing diode PD1. between the anode terminal and the readout circuit 504.

信號處理電路108可依據距離感測裝置的感測模式控制開關SW1~SW3的導通狀態。例如當距離感測裝置處於高敏感度感測模式時，控制偏壓電壓產生電路102提供崩潰偏壓電壓給光感測二極體PD1的陰極端，控制開關SW1導通並控制切換電路502將光感測二極體PD的陽極端切換連接至計數器電路106(也就是控制開關SW2導通，並控制開關SW3斷開)，以使距離感測裝置在低光照環境下也可保持良好的感測品質。而在距離感測裝置處於一般感測模式時，信號處理電路108可控制偏壓電壓產生電路102提供標準偏壓電壓至光感測二極體PD1的陰極端，控制開關SW1斷開並控制切換電路502將光感測二極體PD1的陽極端切換連接至讀出電路504(也就是控制開關SW2斷開，並控制開關SW3導通)，以使距離感測裝置適於在較高光照的環境下進行光感測。The signal processing circuit 108 can control the conduction state of the switches SW1 to SW3 according to the sensing mode of the distance sensing device. For example, when the distance sensing device is in the high-sensitivity sensing mode, the control bias voltage generating circuit 102 provides a collapse bias voltage to the cathode terminal of the light sensing diode PD1, controls the switch SW1 to be turned on, and controls the switching circuit 502 to switch the light The anode terminal of the sensing diode PD is switched and connected to the counter circuit 106 (that is, the switch SW2 is controlled to be turned on and the switch SW3 is turned off), so that the distance sensing device can maintain good sensing quality in a low-light environment. . When the distance sensing device is in the general sensing mode, the signal processing circuit 108 can control the bias voltage generating circuit 102 to provide a standard bias voltage to the cathode terminal of the light sensing diode PD1, control the switch SW1 to open and control switching. The circuit 502 switches and connects the anode terminal of the light sensing diode PD1 to the readout circuit 504 (that is, the switch SW2 is controlled to be off and the switch SW3 is controlled to be on), so that the distance sensing device is suitable for use in a higher light environment. for light sensing.

其中標準偏壓電壓小於崩潰偏壓電壓，標準偏壓電壓可使光感測二極體PD1進入正偏但未導通的狀態或逆偏狀態但未達進入極度逆偏的狀態，也就是說光感測二極體PD1此時不具有單光子雪崩二極體的特性。讀出電路504可例如包括積分器與類比數位轉換器，積分器可對光感測二極體PD1提供的光感測信號進行積分操作而產生積分信號，類比數位轉換器可將積分信號轉換為數位信號而產生感測值SD1給信號處理電路108。如此在不同的光照環境下將光感測二極體PD1切換接至計數器電路106或讀出電路504，可擴大距離感測裝置進行光感測的光強度適用範圍，而提高距離感測裝置的使用便利性。The standard bias voltage is smaller than the collapse bias voltage. The standard bias voltage can make the light sensing diode PD1 enter a forward biased state but not conductive or a reverse biased state but not an extreme reverse biased state. That is to say, the light The sensing diode PD1 does not have the characteristics of a single photon avalanche diode at this time. The readout circuit 504 may, for example, include an integrator and an analog-to-digital converter. The integrator may integrate the light sensing signal provided by the light sensing diode PD1 to generate an integrated signal. The analog-to-digital converter may convert the integrated signal into The digital signal is generated to generate the sensing value SD1 to the signal processing circuit 108 . In this way, switching the light sensing diode PD1 to the counter circuit 106 or the readout circuit 504 under different lighting environments can expand the light intensity applicable range of the distance sensing device for light sensing, and improve the performance of the distance sensing device. Ease of use.

圖6是依照本發明實施例的距離感測裝置的感測方法的流程圖。由上述實施例可知，距離感測裝置的感測方法可至少包括下列步驟。首先，提供測距光至測距目標而產生反射光(步驟S602)。然後，提供崩潰偏壓電壓至光感測二極體(步驟S604)。接著，依據光感測二極體在接收崩潰偏壓電壓期間感測反射光而產生的光感測信號計數光感測二極體的崩潰次數而產生計數值(步驟S606)。之後，依據計數值判斷距離感測裝置與測距目標間的距離(步驟S608)。在部分實施例中，還可依據誤差補償計數值與計數值判斷距離感測裝置與測距目標間的距離，例如將計數值減去誤差補償計數值，以校正距離感測裝置的感測結果。其中誤差補償計數值可例如包括光源未提供測距光時，依據光感測二極體提供的光感測信號進行計數而得到的計數值以及依據光感測二極體感測測距目標以外的物體反射測距光所產生的反射光而產生的光感測信號進行計數而得到的計數值至少其中之一。然後，依據距離感測裝置與測距目標間的距離判斷是否執行預設操作(步驟S610)，例如可依據距離感測裝置與測距目標間的距離以及距離門檻值判斷是否執行預設操作。FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a sensing method of a distance sensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the above embodiments, the sensing method of the distance sensing device may include at least the following steps. First, ranging light is provided to the ranging target to generate reflected light (step S602). Then, a collapse bias voltage is provided to the light sensing diode (step S604). Next, the number of collapses of the photo-sensing diode is counted according to the photo-sensing signal generated by the photo-sensing diode sensing the reflected light during the period of receiving the collapse bias voltage to generate a count value (step S606). Afterwards, the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target is determined based on the count value (step S608). In some embodiments, the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target can also be determined based on the error compensation count value and the count value. For example, the error compensation count value is subtracted from the count value to correct the sensing result of the distance sensing device. . The error compensation count value may include, for example, the count value obtained by counting based on the light sensing signal provided by the light sensing diode when the light source does not provide ranging light, and the counting value based on the light sensing diode sensing the ranging target. At least one of the count values is obtained by counting the light sensing signal generated by the reflected light generated by the object reflecting the ranging light. Then, whether to perform the preset operation is determined based on the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target (step S610). For example, whether to perform the preset operation can be determined based on the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target and a distance threshold.

綜上所述，本發明實施例的光感測二極體可接收崩潰偏壓電壓並進行光感測而產生光感測信號，計數器電路可依據光感測信號計數光感測二極體的崩潰次數而產生計數值，信號處理電路依據計數值判斷距離感測裝置與測距目標間的距離。如此利用在極度逆偏狀態下的光感測二極體來進行光感測，並利用計數器電路的計數值來計算光感測二極體所感測到的光強度，可避免使用積分器電路，可在不增加電路面積、成本以及功耗的情形下，提供良好的感測品質以及資料回報速率，且相較於傳統的光感測二極體，可以更小的電路面積達到相同的感測敏感度。另，在低強度的反射光的情形下，本發明之距離感測裝置仍可提供良好的感測品質。In summary, the light sensing diode according to the embodiment of the present invention can receive a collapse bias voltage and perform light sensing to generate a light sensing signal. The counter circuit can count the number of times of the light sensing diode based on the light sensing signal. The number of crashes generates a count value, and the signal processing circuit determines the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target based on the count value. In this way, the light sensing diode in an extremely reverse biased state is used for light sensing, and the counting value of the counter circuit is used to calculate the light intensity sensed by the light sensing diode, thereby avoiding the use of an integrator circuit. It can provide good sensing quality and data return rate without increasing circuit area, cost and power consumption. Compared with traditional light sensing diodes, it can achieve the same sensing in a smaller circuit area. sensitivity. In addition, in the case of low-intensity reflected light, the distance sensing device of the present invention can still provide good sensing quality.

雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍內，當可作些許的更動與潤飾，故本發明的保護範圍當視後附的申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Although the present invention has been disclosed above through embodiments, they are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field may make some modifications and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, The protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the appended patent application scope.

102:偏壓電壓產生電路 104:淬熄電路 106:計數器電路 108:信號處理電路 110:光源 502:切換電路 504:讀出電路 PD1:光感測二極體 S1:光感測信號 C1:計數值 T1:光感測期間 L1:測距光 L2:反射光 OB1:測距目標 TH1:計數門檻值 SW1~SW3:開關 SD1:感測值 S602~S610:距離感測裝置的感測方法步驟 102: Bias voltage generation circuit 104:Quenching circuit 106: Counter circuit 108:Signal processing circuit 110:Light source 502: switching circuit 504: Readout circuit PD1: light sensing diode S1: Light sensing signal C1: count value T1: Light sensing period L1: ranging light L2: Reflected light OB1: Ranging target TH1: Counting threshold SW1~SW3: switch SD1: Sensing value S602~S610: Sensing method steps of distance sensing device

圖1是依照本發明實施例的距離感測裝置的示意圖。 圖2是依照本發明實施例的光感測信號的波形圖。 圖3是依照本發明另一實施例的距離感測裝置的示意圖。 圖4是依照本發明實施例的計數值與距離的關係示意圖。 圖5是依照本發明另一實施例的距離感測裝置的示意圖。 圖6是依照本發明實施例的距離感測裝置的感測方法的流程圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a distance sensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram of a light sensing signal according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a distance sensing device according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between count value and distance according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a distance sensing device according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a sensing method of a distance sensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

102:偏壓電壓產生電路 102: Bias voltage generation circuit

104:淬熄電路 104:Quenching circuit

106:計數器電路 106: Counter circuit

108:信號處理電路 108:Signal processing circuit

110:光源 110:Light source

PD1:光感測二極體 PD1: light sensing diode

S1:光感測信號 S1: Light sensing signal

C1:計數值 C1: count value

Claims (13)

一種距離感測裝置，包括： 一光源，提供一測距光至一測距目標而產生一反射光； 一偏壓電壓產生電路，提供一崩潰偏壓電壓或一標準偏壓電壓； 一光感測二極體，其陰極端耦接該偏壓電壓產生電路，感測該反射光而產生一光感測信號； 一淬熄電路，耦接該光感測二極體的陽極端，淬熄該光感測二極體； 一計數器電路，耦接該光感測二極體的陽極端，依據該光感測二極體在接收該崩潰偏壓電壓期間產生的該光感測信號計數該光感測二極體的崩潰次數而產生一計數值；以及 一信號處理電路，耦接該計數器電路，依據該計數值判斷該距離感測裝置與該測距目標間的距離。 A distance sensing device including: A light source provides a ranging light to a ranging target to generate a reflected light; a bias voltage generating circuit that provides a collapse bias voltage or a standard bias voltage; A light sensing diode, the cathode end of which is coupled to the bias voltage generating circuit, senses the reflected light to generate a light sensing signal; A quenching circuit, coupled to the anode terminal of the light sensing diode, quenches the light sensing diode; A counter circuit, coupled to the anode terminal of the light sensing diode, counts the collapse of the light sensing diode based on the light sensing signal generated by the light sensing diode during receiving the collapse bias voltage. times to generate a count value; and A signal processing circuit is coupled to the counter circuit and determines the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target based on the count value. 如請求項1所述的距離感測裝置，其中該信號處理電路還依據一誤差補償計數值與該計數值判斷該距離感測裝置與該測距目標間的距離。The distance sensing device of claim 1, wherein the signal processing circuit further determines the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target based on an error compensation count value and the count value. 如請求項2所述的距離感測裝置，其中該誤差補償計數值包括於該光源未提供該測距光時，該計數器電路依據該光感測二極體提供的該光感測信號進行計數而得到的計數值。The distance sensing device of claim 2, wherein the error compensation count value includes when the light source does not provide the ranging light, the counter circuit counts based on the light sensing signal provided by the light sensing diode And get the count value. 如請求項2所述的距離感測裝置，其中該誤差補償計數值包括該計數器電路依據該光感測二極體感測該測距目標以外的物體反射該測距光所產生的反射光而產生的光感測信號，進行計數而得到的計數值。The distance sensing device of claim 2, wherein the error compensation count value includes the counter circuit based on the light sensing diode sensing the reflected light generated by objects other than the ranging target reflecting the ranging light. The generated light sensing signal is counted and the count value is obtained. 如請求項2所述的距離感測裝置，其中該信號處理電路將該計數值減去該誤差補償計數值以補償該計數值，並依據經補償的該計數值判斷該距離感測裝置與該測距目標間的距離。The distance sensing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the signal processing circuit subtracts the error compensation count value from the count value to compensate the count value, and determines the difference between the distance sensing device and the distance sensing device based on the compensated count value. Measure the distance between targets. 如請求項1所述的距離感測裝置，其中該信號處理電路還依據該距離感測裝置與該測距目標間的距離以及一距離門檻值判斷是否執行一預設操作。The distance sensing device of claim 1, wherein the signal processing circuit further determines whether to perform a preset operation based on the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target and a distance threshold. 如請求項1所述的距離感測裝置，還包括： 一第一開關，耦接於該光感測二極體的陽極端與該淬熄電路之間； 一切換電路，耦接於該光感測二極體的陽極端與該計數器電路之間；以及 一讀出電路，耦接於該切換電路與該信號處理電路之間，對該光感測信號進行積分操作，以產生一感測值給該信號處理電路，該信號處理電路於該距離感測裝置處於一高敏感度感測模式時，控制該偏壓電壓產生電路提供該崩潰偏壓電壓至該光感測二極體的陰極端，控制該第一開關導通並控制該切換電路將該光感測二極體的陽極端切換連接至該計數器電路，於該距離感測裝置處於一一般感測模式時，控制該偏壓電壓產生電路提供該標準偏壓電壓至該光感測二極體的陰極端，並控制該第一開關斷開控制該切換電路將該光感測二極體的陽極端切換連接至該讀出電路，其中該標準偏壓電壓小於該崩潰偏壓電壓。 The distance sensing device as described in claim 1 also includes: a first switch coupled between the anode terminal of the light sensing diode and the quenching circuit; a switching circuit coupled between the anode terminal of the light sensing diode and the counter circuit; and A readout circuit, coupled between the switching circuit and the signal processing circuit, performs an integration operation on the light sensing signal to generate a sensing value for the signal processing circuit, and the signal processing circuit performs an integral operation on the distance sensing When the device is in a high-sensitivity sensing mode, the bias voltage generating circuit is controlled to provide the collapse bias voltage to the cathode terminal of the light sensing diode, the first switch is controlled to be turned on, and the switching circuit is controlled to switch the light The anode terminal of the sensing diode is switched and connected to the counter circuit, and when the distance sensing device is in a normal sensing mode, the bias voltage generating circuit is controlled to provide the standard bias voltage to the light sensing diode. The cathode end of the light sensing diode is connected to the readout circuit, and the first switch is turned off and the switching circuit is controlled to switch and connect the anode end of the light sensing diode to the readout circuit, where the standard bias voltage is smaller than the collapse bias voltage. 如請求項7所述的距離感測裝置，其中該切換電路包括： 一第二開關，耦接於該光感測二極體的陽極端與該計數器電路之間，受控於該信號處理電路而於該高敏感度感測模式中導通，並於該一般感測模式中斷開；以及 一第三開關，耦接於該光感測二極體的陽極端與該讀出電路之間，受控於該信號處理電路而於該一般感測模式中導通，並於該高敏感度感測模式中斷開。 The distance sensing device according to claim 7, wherein the switching circuit includes: A second switch, coupled between the anode terminal of the light sensing diode and the counter circuit, is controlled by the signal processing circuit to be turned on in the high-sensitivity sensing mode, and is turned on in the general sensing mode. Disconnect in mode; and A third switch, coupled between the anode terminal of the light sensing diode and the readout circuit, is controlled by the signal processing circuit to conduct in the general sensing mode, and switches on the high-sensitivity sensor Disconnected during test mode. 一種距離感測裝置的感測方法，包括： 提供一測距光至一測距目標而產生一反射光； 提供一崩潰偏壓電壓； 依據該光感測二極體在接收該崩潰偏壓電壓期間感測該反射光而產生的一光感測信號計數該光感測二極體的崩潰次數而產生一計數值；以及 依據該計數值判斷該距離感測裝置與該測距目標間的距離。 A sensing method for a distance sensing device, including: Providing a ranging light to a ranging target to generate a reflected light; Provide a collapse bias voltage; Counting the number of collapses of the light sensing diode based on a light sensing signal generated by sensing the reflected light during receiving the breakdown bias voltage to generate a count value; and The distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target is determined based on the count value. 如請求項9所述的距離感測裝置的感測方法，包括： 依據一誤差補償計數值與該計數值判斷該距離感測裝置與該測距目標間的距離。 The sensing method of the distance sensing device as described in claim 9 includes: The distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target is determined based on an error compensation count value and the count value. 如請求項10所述的距離感測裝置的感測方法，其中該誤差補償計數值包括於該光源未提供該測距光時，依據該光感測二極體提供的該光感測信號進行計數而得到的計數值。The sensing method of a distance sensing device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the error compensation count value includes performing an operation based on the light sensing signal provided by the light sensing diode when the light source does not provide the ranging light. The count value obtained by counting. 如請求項10所述的距離感測裝置的感測方法，其中該誤差補償計數值包括，依據該光感測二極體感測該測距目標以外的物體反射該測距光所產生的反射光而產生的光感測信號，進行計數而得到的計數值。The sensing method of a distance sensing device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the error compensation count value includes sensing the reflection of the ranging light by objects other than the ranging target based on the light sensing diode. The light sensing signal generated by light is counted and the count value is obtained. 如請求項9所述的距離感測裝置的感測方法，包括： 依據該距離感測裝置與該測距目標間的距離以及一距離門檻值判斷是否執行一預設操作。 The sensing method of the distance sensing device as described in claim 9 includes: Whether to perform a preset operation is determined based on the distance between the distance sensing device and the ranging target and a distance threshold.
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