TW202345993A - Washer forming method and hole expanding die thereof including a preparation step, a splitting step, a hole expanding step, a forging step, and a cutting step - Google Patents

Abstract

A washer forming method includes: a preparation step for a hole expanding die, a plurality of forging dies, and a steel wire; a splitting step which a blank is split from the steel wire; a hole expanding step which the blank is forged with the hole expanding die to make a pre-forged part; a forging step which the pre-forged part is forged with one of the forging dies to make a semi-finished product; and a cutting step which a final product is cut from the semi-finished product. The hole expanding die includes a lower die member having a hollowed shape and an upper die member removably covering the lower die member. The upper die member includes a contacting surface that is extended inwards in a radial direction and is separably contacting the lower die member, an inside surface that is extended from the contacting surface in a direction away from the lower die member and has a height greater than a thickness of the final finished product, and a compressing surface that is inclinedly extended inwards radially from the inside surface and toward the lower die member for forming the blank into the pre-forging part.

Description

Gasket forming method and hole expansion mold

The present invention relates to a manufacturing method and a mold for parts, in particular to a gasket forming method and a hole-expanding mold thereof.

Referring to Figure 1, the existing manufacturing method of washers mainly uses a punch 7 to directly punch out a plurality of washers 9 according to the required size on a steel plate 8. However, when the washers 9 are produced using the aforementioned method, a large amount of waste will be generated because the steel plate 8 cannot be fully utilized, and the material utilization rate may only be about 70%. Furthermore, the dimensional accuracy of the washers 9 produced by the above-mentioned method is also poor, and only flat-type washers 9 can be produced. If different types of washers need to be produced, different types of washers must be used. It is necessary to open a new production line for the equipment to meet the production demand. It is necessary to improve it.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a gasket forming method that can effectively utilize materials and reduce manufacturing costs.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a hole expansion mold that can effectively utilize materials and reduce manufacturing costs.

Therefore, the gasket forming method of the present invention includes a preparation step, a cutting step, a hole expansion step, a forging step, and a cutting step.

In this preparation step, a reaming die, a plurality of forging dies, and a steel wire are prepared. The expansion mold includes a hollow lower mold, and an upper mold that is detachably covered with the lower mold. The upper mold has a contact that extends radially inward and is detachably abutted against the lower mold. surface, an inner side extending away from the lower mold from the inner side of the contact surface and having a height greater than the thickness of a finished product, and a pressing surface extending radially inward from the inner side and obliquely toward the lower mold.

The cutting step is to cut a blank material from the steel wire, and the hole expanding step is to forge the blank material with the hole expanding die to obtain a pre-forging. The forging step is to select a corresponding shape among the forging dies according to a predetermined shape, and forge the pre-forged piece with the selected forging die to obtain a semi-finished product. In the cutting step, the semi-finished product area is divided into a reserved area and a remaining material area, and the remaining material area is removed to obtain the finished product.

The effect of the present invention is that through the shape design of the hole expansion mold, the hole expansion mold can be directly used for forging, instead of the existing punching and shearing method for making gaskets, which can effectively reduce the amount of waste generated. In addition, when you want to make the finished product of a specified shape, you only need to select the forging die of the corresponding shape to forge the pre-forging, and there is no need to replace the expansion mold, which can indeed reduce the mold opening cost and replacement of the expansion mold. The labor and time costs required for the reaming mold.

Referring to Figure 2, an embodiment of the hole expansion mold of the present invention includes a hollow lower mold 11, and a hollow upper mold 12 that is detachably covered with the lower mold 11.

The upper mold 12 includes a contact surface 121 extending radially inward and detachably abutting against the lower mold 11 , and a contact surface 121 extending from the inner side away from the lower mold 11 and having a height greater than a finished product D (see 6), a pressing surface 123 extending radially inward from the inner side 122 and obliquely toward the lower mold 11, and a pressing surface 124 connecting the inner periphery of the pressing surface 123 . The pressing surface 123 extends radially inward from the inner surface 122 , and is then bent to extend obliquely toward the lower mold 11 in a continuous arc shape with an arc top facing the lower mold 11 , and is partially protruded from the lower mold 11 . Contact surface 121.

Referring to Figure 3, one method embodiment of the gasket forming method of the present invention is executed using the article embodiment and includes a preparation step S1, a cutting step S2, a hole expansion step S3, a forging step S4, and a cutting step. Go to step S5. In order to facilitate the explanation of the execution process of this method embodiment, the following is an example of the execution method of making a flat gasket. However, in actual implementation, the number of finished products, finished product types, and execution methods that can be produced by this method embodiment are not This is the limit.

Referring to Figures 3 to 5, in the preparation step S1, the hole expansion die 1, a plurality of forging dies 2 (only one forging die 2 is shown in the figure), and a steel wire (not shown) are prepared. Each forging mold 2 includes a hollow top mold 21 and a hollow bottom mold 22 that is detachably covered with the top mold 21 .

Referring to Figures 2 to 4, the cutting step S2 is to cut a billet A from the steel wire. The diameter and height ratio of the billet A is preferably 1:1, so as to avoid forging buckling and filling. The problem of insufficiency.

In the hole expansion step S3, the blank material A is first placed between the lower mold 11 and the upper mold 12 of the hole expansion mold 1, and then the blank material A is forged with the hole expansion mold 1 to obtain a hole expansion mold. Preforging B. Define the height of the blank A protruding from the lower die 11 as ,and , for example, when you want to mold an M4 gasket, its ,and , when you want to form an M8 gasket, its ,and , so that the critical damage value can be taken into account and the forging material filling can smoothly form the gasket.

Through the shape design of the hole expansion mold 1, during the process of forging the billet A, the upper half of the billet A will gradually expand outward as shown in Figure 4 and fill the upper mold. Between the inner side 122 of 12, the pressing surface 123, and the lower die 11, the pre-forging B has room for subsequent forging to ensure that the finished product D (see Figure 6) has a complete shape without defects. In addition, the portion of the pressing surface 123 that protrudes downward from the contacting surface 121 and the pressing surface 124 can ensure that a groove of sufficient size is formed in the lower half of the blank A, so that the finished product D can be reliably opened. There is a hole in the middle.

Referring to Figures 3 and 5, the forging step S4 is to select a shape corresponding to the predetermined shape among the forging dies 2 (only one forging die 2 is shown in the figure), and place the pre-forging B into the selected forging die 2. Forging die 2, and then forging the pre-forging B, to obtain half of the finished product C. When a flat gasket is to be manufactured, the forging die 2 as shown in Figure 5 can be used for forging, and when other types of gaskets such as bevel gaskets, fitted gaskets, and spherical gaskets are to be manufactured, only It is necessary to replace the forging die 2 with the corresponding shape of the forging die 2 and change the protrusion amount of the blank A, without replacing the hole expansion die 1, which effectively improves the versatility of the embodiment of the method and further The mold opening cost of the hole expansion mold 1 is reduced, as well as the manpower and time costs required to replace the hole expansion mold 1.

Referring to Figures 3 and 6, in the cutting step S5, a cutting line L passing through the junction of the top die 21 and the bottom die 22 of the forging die 2 can be used to divide the semi-finished product C into one section. The reserved area C1 inside the top mold 21 and the remaining material area C2 inside the bottom mold 22 are taken out of the semi-finished product C from the forging die 2, and then cut along the cutting line L, and finally the semi-finished product C is removed. The remaining material area C2 and the burrs are removed to obtain the finished product D, which is a flat gasket.

Referring to Figures 4 and 6, the expansion die 1 and the forging die 2 are used to forge the blank A, and cold forging is used instead of the existing punching and shearing method to produce the finished product D. In addition to being able to break through the process of only producing flat washers, By increasing the types of the finished product D, the versatility of this method embodiment can be improved, and waste materials generated by retaining the punching and shearing gaps can be reduced, thereby reducing the material cost of the finished product D. In addition, it can avoid alignment errors and make the shape of the finished product D complete, effectively reducing defects such as cracks, scratches, or missing corners caused by punching and shearing. Moreover, the finished product D has good roundness and high dimensional accuracy, and can be greatly Reduce subsequent processing costs.

Referring to Figures 2, 4 and 5, furthermore, in the method embodiment and the article embodiment, the pressing surface 123 of the expansion mold 1 extends inward and downward, so that the blank A The upper half of the material can be extruded outward when forged in the hole expansion step S3 (see Figure 3) to form the pre-forging B that can be universally used for the forging dies 2 of different shapes. Therefore, in this method embodiment, the production efficiency of the production line can be improved, equipment and labor costs can be reduced, and economic benefits can be improved by sharing the hole expansion mold 1 .

In summary, the gasket forming method and the hole expansion mold of the present invention can be forged directly with the hole expansion mold 1 through the shape design of the hole expansion mold 1, instead of the existing punching and shearing method to produce the finished product. D. It can effectively reduce the amount of waste produced and improve product quality. In addition, when making the finished product D of different shapes, the same hole expansion mold 1 can be used for forging, which can indeed reduce the mold opening cost of the hole expansion mold 1 and the manpower required to replace the hole expansion mold 1 and time cost, so the purpose of the present invention can indeed be achieved.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention. All simple equivalent changes and modifications made based on the patent scope of the present invention and the content of the patent specification are still within the scope of the present invention. Within the scope covered by the patent of this invention.

1: Hole expansion mold 11: Lower mold 12: Upper mold 121: contact surface 122: Medial side 123: Forced to face 124: Press against the surface 2: Forging mold 21: Top mold 22: Bottom mold A: Blank material B: Pre-forged parts C: semi-finished product C1: reserved area C2: Remaining material area D:finished product L: cutting line S1: Preparatory steps S2: Cutting step S3: Hole expansion step S4: Forging step S5: Cutting steps X: protrusion height Y: diameter Z: protrusion height

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating an existing washer manufacturing method; Figure 2 is a three-dimensional exploded cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment of the hole expansion mold of the present invention; Figure 3 is a block flow chart illustrating a method embodiment of the gasket forming method of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a hole expansion step in an embodiment of the method; Figure 5 is a flow diagram illustrating a forging step of the method embodiment; and Figure 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cutting step in this method embodiment.

S1: Preparatory steps

S2: Cutting step

S3: Hole expansion step

S4: Forging step

S5: Cutting steps

Claims (10)

A gasket forming method includes: A preparation step is to prepare a reaming die, a plurality of forging dies, and a steel wire. The reaming die includes a hollow lower die, and an upper die that is detachably covered with the lower die. The mold has a contact surface that extends radially inward and is detachably abutted against the lower mold, an inner side that extends away from the lower mold from the inside of the contact surface and has a height greater than the thickness of a finished product, and an inner side that extends from the inner side of the contact surface away from the lower mold. The side surfaces are radially inward and extend obliquely toward the lower mold; A cutting step is to cut a blank from the steel wire; A hole expansion step is to forge the blank material with the hole expansion mold to obtain a pre-forging; A forging step, selecting a corresponding shape among the forging dies according to the predetermined shape, and forging the pre-forging with the selected forging die to obtain a semi-finished product; and A cutting step is to divide the semi-finished product area into a reserved area and a remaining material area, and remove the remaining material area to obtain a finished product. For the gasket forming method described in claim 1, define the height of the blank protruding out of the lower die as In this hole expansion step, ,and . The gasket forming method according to claim 1, wherein in the preparation step, the pressing surface is a continuous arc extending radially inward from the inner side, and then bent so that the top of the arc faces the lower mold first. Extend obliquely toward the lower mold. The washer forming method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the preparation step, the urging surface is partially protruded from the contact surface. The gasket forming method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the cutting step, the diameter and height ratio of the blank is 1:1. The gasket forming method according to claim 1, wherein in the preparation step, the upper mold also has a pressing surface connected to the inner periphery of the pressing surface. A hole expansion mold, including: After molding, it will be hollow; and An upper mold is detachably covered with the lower mold, and includes a contact surface extending radially inward and detachably abutting the lower mold, an inner surface extending away from the lower mold and An inner side with a height greater than the thickness of a finished product, and a pressing surface extending radially inward from the inner side and obliquely toward the lower die, form a blank into a pre-forging. The hole expansion mold of claim 7, wherein the pressing surface extends radially inward from the inner side, and then is bent to extend obliquely toward the lower mold in a continuous arc with the top of the arc facing the lower mold. . The hole expansion mold as claimed in claim 7, wherein the pressing surface is partially protruded from the contacting surface. The hole expansion mold according to claim 7, wherein the upper mold further includes a pressing surface connected to the inner periphery of the pressing surface.

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