TWI804328B - Gasket Forming Method and Hole Reaming Die - Google Patents

Abstract

A gasket forming method, comprising a preparation step of preparing a reaming die, a plurality of forging dies and a steel wire, a cutting step of cutting a blank from the steel wire, forging the reaming die with the reaming die The hole-enlarging step of producing a pre-forging from the blank, the forging step of forging the pre-forging with one of the forging dies to obtain a half-finished product, and the cutting step of cutting a finished product from the semi-finished product. The hole expanding mold includes a hollow lower mold and an upper mold detachably covering the lower mold. The upper mold includes an abutment surface extending radially inward and detachably abutting against the lower mold, an inner surface extending from the inner side of the abutment surface away from the lower mold and having a height greater than the thickness of the finished product, and a self- The inner surface faces radially inwardly and obliquely extends towards the pressing surface of the lower die, so that the blank can be formed into the pre-forging.

Description

Gasket Forming Method and Hole Reaming Die

The invention relates to a manufacturing method and a mold for a part, in particular to a gasket forming method and a hole-enlarging mold.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the existing washer manufacturing method mainly uses a punch 7 to directly punch out a plurality of washer 9 on a steel plate 8 according to the required size. However, when the washer 9 is produced by the aforementioned method, a large amount of waste will be generated because the steel plate 8 cannot be fully utilized, and the utilization rate of the material may only be about 70%. Furthermore, the dimensional accuracy of these washers 9 produced by the aforementioned method is also relatively poor, and only planar washers 9 can be produced. It is necessary to improve the equipment and set up a separate production line to meet the production demand.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a gasket forming method which can effectively utilize materials and reduce manufacturing costs.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a hole expanding die that can effectively utilize materials and reduce manufacturing costs.

Therefore, the gasket forming method of the present invention includes a preparation step, a cutting step, a hole expanding step, a forging step, and a cutting step.

In this preparation step, a reaming die, a plurality of forging dies, and a steel wire are prepared. The hole-enlarging die includes a hollow lower die, and an upper die that is detachably covered on the lower die, and the upper die has an abutment that extends radially inward and detachably abuts against the lower die A surface, an inner surface extending away from the lower mold from the inner side of the abutting surface and having a height greater than the thickness of a finished product, and a pressing surface extending radially inward from the inner surface and obliquely toward the lower mold.

The cutting step is to cut out a blank from the steel wire, and the expanding step is to forge the blank with the expanding die to obtain a pre-forging. The forging step is to select the corresponding shape among the forging dies according to the predetermined shape, and forge the pre-forged piece with the selected forging die to obtain a semi-finished product. In the cutting step, the semi-finished product area is divided into a reserved area and a residual material area, and the residual material area is removed to obtain the finished product.

The effect of the present invention lies in: through the shape design of the hole-enlarging die, the hole-enlarging die can be directly used for forging instead of the existing punching and shearing method to make gaskets, which can effectively reduce the amount of waste generated. In addition, when it is desired to make the finished product with a specified shape, it is only necessary to select the forging die of the corresponding shape to forge the pre-forging, and there is no need to replace the reaming die, which can indeed reduce the mold opening cost of the reaming die, and replace The manpower and time cost required for the reaming die.

Referring to FIG. 2 , an object embodiment of the hole reaming mold of the present invention includes a hollow lower mold 11 and a hollow upper mold 12 detachably covering the lower mold 11 .

The upper mold 12 includes an abutment surface 121 extending radially inward and detachably abutting against the lower mold 11, and an abutment surface 121 extending from the inner side of the abutment surface 121 away from the lower mold 11 and having a height greater than a finished product D (see 6 ), and a pressing surface 123 extending radially inward from the inner surface 122 and obliquely toward the lower mold 11 , and a pressing surface 124 connecting the inner periphery of the pressing surface 123 . Wherein, the pressing surface 123 extends radially inwardly from the inner surface 122, then bends and extends obliquely toward the lower mold 11 with the top of the arc first facing the lower mold 11, and partially protrudes from the lower mold 11. contact surface 121 .

Referring to Fig. 3, one method embodiment of the gasket forming method of the present invention is implemented by using the article embodiment, and includes a preparation step S1, a cutting step S2, a reaming step S3, a forging step S4, and a cutting step Cut to step S5. In order to facilitate the description of the execution process of this method embodiment, the following is an example of the execution method of making a plane gasket. This is the limit.

Referring to FIGS. 3 to 5 , in the preparation step S1 , prepare the expanding die 1 , a plurality of forging dies 2 (only one forging die 2 is shown in the figure), and a steel wire (not shown). Each forging die 2 includes a hollow top mold 21 and a hollow bottom mold 22 detachably covering the top mold 21 .

Referring to Figures 2 to 4, the cutting step S2 is to cut out a blank A from the steel wire, wherein the ratio of the diameter and height of the blank A is preferably 1:1, so as to avoid forging buckling and filling Insufficient problem.

，且

，例如欲成型出M4墊圈時，其

，且

，欲成形出M8墊圈時，其

，且

，如此可兼顧臨界破壞值與鍛造材料充填順利成型墊圈。 In the hole-enlarging step S3, the blank A is first placed between the lower mold 11 and the upper mold 12 of the hole-enlarging die 1, and then the blank A is forged with the hole-enlarging die 1 to obtain a Pre-forging B. Define that the height of the billet A protruding from the lower die 11 is X, the diameter of the billet A is Y, and the height of the pre-forging B protruding from the lower die 11 is Z, wherein,

,and

, for example, when forming an M4 gasket, its

,and

, when it is desired to form an M8 gasket, its

,and

, so that both the critical failure value and the filling of the forging material can be smoothly formed into the gasket.

Due to the shape design of the expanding die 1, during the process of forging the billet A, the upper half of the billet A will gradually expand outward as shown in Figure 4, and fill the upper die The inner surface 122 of 12, the pressing surface 123, and the lower die 11 allow the pre-forged part B to have a margin for subsequent forging to ensure that the finished product D (see Figure 6) has a complete shape and no defects. In addition, the portion of the abutting surface 123 protruding downward from the abutting surface 121 and the pressing surface 124 can ensure that the lower half of the billet A is formed with a groove of sufficient size, so that the finished product D can be reliably opened. There is a hole in the middle.

Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the forging step S4 is to select the corresponding shape among the forging dies 2 (only one forging die 2 is shown in the figure) according to the predetermined shape, and place the pre-forging B into the selected The forging die 2 is used to forge the pre-forging B to obtain a half finished product C. When manufacturing flat gaskets, the forging die 2 shown in Figure 5 can be selected for forging; when manufacturing other types of gaskets such as beveled gaskets, lip-shaped gaskets, and spherical gaskets, only It is necessary to replace the forging die 2 with the corresponding shape of the forging die 2, and change the protruding amount of the billet A without replacing the reaming die 1, effectively improving the versatility of the method embodiment, and further The mold opening cost of the hole-enlarging die 1 and the manpower and time costs required to replace the hole-enlarging die 1 are reduced.

Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, in the cutting step S5, the semi-finished product C can be divided into a section in the forging die 2 with a cutting line L passing through the junction of the top mold 21 and the bottom mold 22. The reserved area C1 inside the top mold 21, and the remaining material area C2 inside the bottom mold 22, and the semi-finished product C is taken out from the forging die 2, then cut along the cutting line L, and finally removed. Surplus material area C2 and burr, and make this finished product D, promptly a plane washer.

Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 6, the blank A is forged with the expansion die 1 and the forging die 2, and the finished product D is produced by cold forging instead of the existing punching and shearing method, in addition to breaking through the production of flat gaskets Limitation, by increasing the types of the finished product D, the general applicability of the method embodiment can be improved, and the waste produced by retaining the punching and shearing gap can be reduced, thereby reducing the material cost of the finished product D. In addition, it can avoid alignment errors and make the shape of the finished product D complete, effectively reducing defects such as cracks, scratches, or missing corners caused by punching and shearing, and the finished product D has good roundness and high dimensional accuracy, which can be greatly reduced. Reduce subsequent processing costs.

Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, furthermore, since in the method embodiment and the article embodiment, the abutment surface 123 of the enlarging die 1 extends inwardly and downwardly, so that the blank A The upper half of the material can be extruded outward when being forged in the hole-enlarging step S3 (see FIG. 3 ), so as to form the pre-forging B that can be commonly used in the forging dies 2 of different shapes. Therefore, the embodiment of the method can indeed improve the production efficiency of the production line, reduce equipment and labor costs by sharing the hole expanding die 1 , and thus achieve an increase in economic benefits.

To sum up, the gasket forming method of the present invention and its hole-enlarging die can be directly forged with the hole-enlarging die 1 through the shape design of the hole-enlarging die 1 , instead of the existing punching and shearing method to make the finished product. D. It can effectively reduce the amount of waste generated and improve product quality. In addition, when making the finished product D of different shapes, the same hole-enlarging die 1 can be used for forging, which can indeed reduce the mold opening cost of the hole-enlarging die 1 and the manpower required to replace the hole-enlarging die 1 and time cost, so the purpose of the present invention can really be achieved.

But what is described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of the present invention. All simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the content of the patent specification are still within the scope of the present invention. Within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

1: Reaming mold 11: Lower mold 12: upper mold 121: contact surface 122: inner side 123: Arriving at the face 124: pressing surface 2: Forging die 21: top mold 22: Bottom mold A: Blank material B: Pre-forging C: Semi-finished products C1: reserved area C2: Surplus material area D: finished product L: cutting line S1: Preparatory steps S2: Slitting step S3: Reaming step S4: Forging step S5: Cutting step X: protruding height Y: diameter Z: Protrusion height

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the implementation manner with reference to the drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an existing washer manufacturing method; Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional exploded cross-sectional view illustrating an article embodiment of the reaming mold of the present invention; Figure 3 is a block flow diagram illustrating a method embodiment of the gasket forming method of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating a reaming step of the method embodiment; Figure 5 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating a forging step of the method embodiment; and FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cutting step of the method embodiment.

S1: Preparatory steps

S2: Slitting step

S3: Reaming step

S4: Forging step

S5: Cutting step

Claims (8)

A method for forming a gasket, comprising: a preparatory step of preparing a reaming die, a plurality of forging dies, and a steel wire, the reaming die includes a hollow lower die, and a detachably covered lower die The upper mold of the mould, the upper mold has an abutment surface extending radially inward and detachably abutting against the lower mold, an inner surface extending from the inner side of the abutment surface away from the lower mold and having a height greater than the thickness of a finished product side, and a pressing surface extending radially inward from the inner surface and obliquely toward the lower die, the pressing surface extends radially inward from the inner surface, and then bends to first face the lower mold with an arc top The continuous arc of the die extends obliquely toward the lower die; a slitting step, cutting out a blank from the steel wire; a hole-enlarging step, forging the blank with the hole-enlarging die to obtain a pre-forging; A forging step, selecting the corresponding shape among the forging dies according to the predetermined shape, and forging the pre-forging with the selected forging die to obtain a semi-finished product; and a cutting step, dividing the semi-finished product into a reserve area and a residual material area, and remove the residual material area to obtain a finished product. The gasket forming method as described in Claim 1, defining the height of the billet protruding from the lower die as X, the diameter of the blank as Y, and the height of the pre-forging protruding from the lower die as Z, wherein, In this reaming step, 0.3< ln

<0.7, and 0.3<

<0.7. The gasket forming method according to claim 1, wherein, in the preparation step, the abutment surface is partially protruded from the abutment surface. The gasket forming method according to claim 1, wherein, in the cutting step, the ratio of diameter to height of the blank is 1:1. The method for forming a gasket according to claim 1, wherein, in the preparation step, the upper mold further has a pressing surface engaging the inner periphery of the pressing surface. A hole-expanding die, comprising: a lower die, which is hollow; and an upper die, which is detachably covered on the lower die, and includes an abutment extending radially inward and detachably abutting against the lower die surface, an inner surface extending away from the inner side of the abutting surface away from the lower mold and having a height greater than the thickness of a finished product, and an abutting surface extending radially inward from the inner surface and obliquely toward the lower mold, so that a blank The material forms a pre-forging, the pressing surface extends radially inward from the inner surface, and then bends to extend obliquely toward the lower die with the arc top first facing the lower die in a continuous arc shape. The hole expanding die as claimed in claim 6, wherein the abutting surface partially protrudes from the abutting surface. The hole expanding die as claimed in claim 6, wherein the upper die further includes a pressing surface engaging the inner periphery of the pressing surface.

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