TW202342413A - 使用Pt以及碘或溴之烯烴的氫甲醯化方法 - Google Patents

使用Pt以及碘或溴之烯烴的氫甲醯化方法 Download PDF

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TW202342413A
TW202342413A TW111147942A TW111147942A TW202342413A TW 202342413 A TW202342413 A TW 202342413A TW 111147942 A TW111147942 A TW 111147942A TW 111147942 A TW111147942 A TW 111147942A TW 202342413 A TW202342413 A TW 202342413A
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卡羅琳 史耐德
雷夫 傑克斯泰爾
馬席爾斯 貝勒
羅柏特 法蘭克
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德商贏創運營有限公司
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Abstract

使用Pt以及碘或溴之烯烴的氫甲醯化方法。

Description

使用Pt以及碘或溴之烯烴的氫甲醯化方法
本發明係關於使用Pt以及碘或溴之烯烴(olefin)的氫甲醯化(hydroformylation)方法。
C. Botteghi et al., Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical 200, (2003), 147-156描述使用Pt(Xantphos)Cl 2進行2-甲苯磺醯氧基苯乙烯(2-tosyloxystyrene)之氫甲醯化。
藉由本發明克服的問題係提供新穎的氫甲醯化方法。本文之方法欲提供與先前技術所知之使用Pt與Cl 2的方法相比為提高之產率。
此目的係藉由請求項1之方法達成。
一種方法,其包含以下方法步驟: a) 先裝入烯烴(olefin); b) 添加式( I)之化合物: ( I) 其中,R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6、R 7、R 8係選自:-H、-(C 1-C 12)-烷基、-(C 6-C 20)-芳基,以及 R 9、R 10係選自:-(C 1-C 12)-烷基、-(C 6-C 20)-芳基, 以及,若R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6、R 7、R 8、R 9、R 10為-(C 6-C 20)-芳基,則芳環(aryl ring)可具有選自以下之取代基:-(C 1-C 12)-烷基、-O-(C 1-C 12)-烷基; c) 添加能形成錯合物(complex)之Pt化合物; d) 添加碘化合物或溴化合物; e) 進料(feeding)CO及H 2; f) 加熱來自步驟a)至e)之反應混合物,以將該烯烴轉化成醛(aldehyde)。
於該方法中,方法步驟a)至e)可以任何所希望順序進行。然而,通常CO及H 2係在共反應物(co-reactant)已於步驟a)至d)中先裝入之後添加。
本文中方法步驟c)及d)可藉由添加PtI 2或PtBr 2而於一個步驟中進行。於方法之一較佳變體(variant)中,該Pt化合物以及該碘化合物或溴化合物係藉由添加PtI 2或PtBr 2而於一個步驟中添加。
用語(C 1-C 12)-烷基((C 1-C 12)-alkyl)包含具有1至12個碳原子之直鏈(straight-chain)及支鏈(branched)烷基。此等較佳為(C 1-C 8)-烷基,更佳為(C 1-C 6)-烷基,最佳為(C 1-C 4)-烷基。
適宜的(C 1-C 12)-烷基尤其為甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、二級丁基、三級丁基、正戊基、2-戊基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、正己基、2-己基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、1,1-二甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、1,3-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基丁基、3,3-二甲基丁基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,2,2-三甲基丙基、1-乙基丁基、1-乙基-2-甲基丙基、正庚基、2-庚基、3-庚基、2-乙基戊基、1-丙基丁基、正辛基、2-乙基己基、2-丙基庚基、壬基、癸基。
用語(C 6-C 20)-芳基((C 6-C 20)-aryl)包含具有6至20個碳原子之單環或多環芳族烴基基團(aromatic hydrocarbyl radical)。此等較佳為(C 6-C 14)-芳基,更佳為(C 6-C 10)-芳基。
適宜的(C 6-C 20)-芳基尤其是苯基、萘基(naphthyl)、茚基(indenyl)、茀基(fluorenyl)、蒽基(anthracenyl)、菲基(phenanthrenyl)、稠四苯基(naphthacenyl)、基(chrysenyl)、芘基(pyrenyl)、蔻基(coronenyl)。較佳之(C 6-C 20)-芳基為苯基、萘基及蒽基。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,R 2、R 3、R 5、R 6、R 7、R 8係選自:-(C 1-C 12)-烷基、-(C 6-C 20)-芳基。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,R 5、R 6、R 7、R 8為-(C 6-C 20)-芳基。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,R 5及R 6為不同基團且R 7及R 8為不同基團。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,R 2及R 3為-(C 1-C 12)-烷基。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,R 2及R 3為-CH 3
於方法之一變體(variant)中,R 1及R 4各為-H。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,R 9及R 10為-(C 1-C 12)-烷基。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,R 9及R 10為- tBu。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,化合物( I)具有結構( 1): ( 1)。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,Pt化合物係選自:Pt(II)I 2、Pt(II)Br 2、Pt(IV)I 4、Pt(IV)Br 4、二苯基(1,5-COD)Pt(II)、Pt(II)(acac) 2、Pt(0)(PPh 3) 4、Pt(0)(DVTS)溶液(CAS:68478-92-2)、Pt(0)(伸乙基)(PPh 3) 2(Pt(0)(ethylene)(PPh 3) 2)、Pt(II)Br 2(COD)、參(亞苄丙酮)Pt(0)(tris(benzylideneacetone)Pt(0))、Pt(II)(OAC) 2溶液、Pt(0)(t-Bu) 2、Pt(II)(COD)Me 2、Pt(II)(COD)I 2、Pt(IV)IMe 3、Pt(II)(六氟乙醯丙酮) 2(Pt(II)(hexafluoroacetylacetonate) 2)。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,Pt化合物係選自:Pt(II)I 2、Pt(II)Br 2
於方法之一變體(variant)中,碘化合物或溴化合物係選自:鹼金屬鹵化物(alkali metal halide)、鹼土金屬鹵化物(alkaline earth metal halide)、NH 4X、鹵化烷基銨(alkylammonium halide)、二烷基鹵化物(dialkyl halide)、三烷基鹵化物(trialkyl halide)、四烷基鹵化物(tetraalkyl halide)、鹵化環烷基銨(cycloalkylammonium halide)。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,碘化合物係於方法步驟d)中添加。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,碘化合物為Pt(II)I 2
於方法之一變體(variant)中,碘化合物係以在0.1至10之範圍的量(以Pt為基準之當量測量(measured in equivalents based on Pt))添加。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,溴化合物係於方法步驟d)中添加。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,溴化合物為Pt(II)Br 2
於方法之一變體(variant)中,溴化合物係以在0.1至10之範圍的量(以Pt為基準之當量測量)添加。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,該方法包含另外的方法步驟e'): e')添加溶劑。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,溶劑係選自:THF、DCM、ACN、庚烷、DMF、甲苯、醇酯十二(texanol)、戊烷、己烷、辛烷、異辛烷、癸烷、十二烷(dodecane)、環己烷、苯、二甲苯、Marlotherm、碳酸丙烯酯(propylene carbonate)、MTBE、二甘醇二甲醚(diglyme)、三甘醇二甲醚(triglyme)、二乙醚、二㗁烷(dioxane)、異丙醇、三級丁醇、異壬醇(isononanol)、異丁醇、異戊醇、乙酸乙酯。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,溶劑係選自:THF、DCM、ACN、庚烷、DMF、甲苯、醇酯十二(texanol)。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,CO及H 2係以在1 MPa (10巴(bar))至6 MPa(60巴)之範圍的壓力進料。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,CO及H 2係以在1 MPa(20巴)至6 MPa(50巴)之範圍的壓力進料。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,混合物係於25℃至150℃之範圍的溫度加熱。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,混合物係於30℃至130℃之範圍的溫度加熱。
於方法之一變體(variant)中,烯烴係選自:乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、順式(cis)-及/或反式(trans)-2-丁烯、異丁烯、1,3-丁二烯、1-戊烯、順式-及/或反式-2-戊烯、2-甲基-1-丁烯、3-甲基-1-丁烯、2-甲基-2-丁烯、己烯、四甲基乙烯(tetramethylethylene)、庚烯、1-辛烯、2-辛烯、二-正丁烯(di-n-butene)、或其混合物。
下文將參照操作實例更詳細闡述發明。
實驗說明
將PtX 2(X=鹵素)、配位基(ligand)、及經烘箱乾燥之攪拌棒裝入小瓶(vial)。然後以隔片(septum)(經PTFE塗布之苯乙烯-丁二烯橡膠(PTFE-coated styrene-butadiene rubber))及酚醛樹脂蓋(phenolic resin cap)密封該小瓶。將小瓶抽空(evacuated)且以氬再填充(refill)三次。使用注射器將甲苯及1-辛烯添加至小瓶。將小瓶置於合金板(alloy plate)中,在氬氣氛(argon atmosphere)下將其移至得自Parr Instruments之4560系列高壓釜(autoclave)。以CO/H 2沖洗(purging)高壓釜三次之後,將合成氣壓力提高至在室溫下為40巴。反應係於80℃進行18 h。於反應結束時,將高壓釜冷卻至室溫且小心洩壓(decompress)。藉由GC分析(GC analysis)測定產率(yield)及選擇性(selectivity)。 鹵素的變異(Variation of the halogen)
反應條件: 1.0 mmol之1-辛烯,0.5 mol%之PtX 2,2.0當量(equivalent)之配位基( 1),溶劑:甲苯,p(CO/H 2):40巴,T:80℃,t:18 h。 產率:
配位基 鹵素 產率[%]
 ( 1) I / Br / Cl 96 / 24 / 0
如實驗結果顯示,藉由根據本發明之方法達成目的。

Claims (15)

  1. 一種方法,其包含以下方法步驟: a) 先裝入烯烴(olefin); b) 添加式( I)之化合物: ( I) 其中,R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6、R 7、R 8係選自:-H、-(C 1-C 12)-烷基、-(C 6-C 20)-芳基,以及 R 9、R 10係選自:-(C 1-C 12)-烷基、-(C 6-C 20)-芳基, 以及,若R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6、R 7、R 8、R 9、R 10為-(C 6-C 20)-芳基,則芳環可具有選自以下之取代基:-(C 1-C 12)-烷基、-O-(C 1-C 12)-烷基; c) 添加能形成錯合物之Pt化合物; d) 添加碘化合物或溴化合物; e) 進料CO及H 2; f) 加熱來自步驟a)至e)之反應混合物,以將該烯烴轉化成醛。
  2. 如請求項1之方法, 其中,R 2、R 3、R 5、R 6、R 7、R 8係選自:-(C 1-C 12)-烷基、-(C 6-C 20)-芳基。
  3. 如請求項1或2之方法, 其中,R 5、R 6、R 7、R 8為-(C 6-C 20)-芳基。
  4. 如請求項1至3中任一項之方法, 其中,R 2及R 3為-(C 1-C 12)-烷基。
  5. 如請求項1至4中任一項之方法, 其中,R 1及R 4各為-H。
  6. 如請求項1至5中任一項之方法, 其中,R 9及R 10為-(C 1-C 12)-烷基。
  7. 如請求項1至6中任一項之方法, 其中,化合物( I)具有結構( 1): ( 1)。
  8. 如請求項1至7中任一項之方法, 其中,該Pt化合物係選自:Pt(II)I 2、Pt(II)Br 2、Pt(IV)I 4、Pt(IV)Br 4、二苯基(1,5-COD)Pt(II)、Pt(II)(acac) 2、Pt(0)(PPh 3) 4、Pt(0)(DVTS)溶液(CAS:68478-92-2)、Pt(0)(伸乙基)(PPh 3) 2、Pt(II)Br 2(COD)、參(亞苄丙酮)Pt(0)、Pt(II)(OAC) 2溶液、Pt(0)(t-Bu) 2、Pt(II)(COD)Me 2、Pt(II)(COD)I 2、Pt(IV)IMe 3、Pt(II)(六氟乙醯丙酮) 2
  9. 如請求項1至8中任一項之方法, 其中,碘化合物係於方法步驟d)添加。
  10. 如請求項9之方法, 其中,以Pt為基準之當量(equivalent)測量,該碘化合物之添加量係在0.1至10之範圍。
  11. 如請求項1至8中任一項之方法, 其中,溴化合物係於方法步驟d)添加。
  12. 如請求項11之方法, 其中,以Pt為基準之當量測量,該溴化合物之添加量係在0.1至10之範圍。
  13. 如請求項1至12中任一項之方法, 其包含另外的方法步驟e'): e')添加溶劑。
  14. 如請求項1至13中任一項之方法, 其中,CO及H 2係在1 MPa(10巴(bar))至6 MPa(60巴)之範圍的壓力下進料。
  15. 如請求項1至14中任一項之方法, 其中,將該反應混合物加熱至25℃至150℃之範圍的溫度。
TW111147942A 2021-12-17 2022-12-14 使用Pt以及碘或溴之烯烴的氫甲醯化方法 TW202342413A (zh)

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