TW202222564A - 複合積層板、殼體及行動通訊裝置 - Google Patents
複合積層板、殼體及行動通訊裝置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明有關於一種複合積層板、殼體及行動通訊裝置。此複合積層板包含具有穿孔之頂金屬層及陣列天線,且陣列天線與穿孔的面積比例為特定值,而可提升毫米波透波性。再者,此複合積層板具有特定之材料結構,故兼具良好的機械性質及低密度。所製得之殼體及行動通訊裝置具有金屬質感、高訊號強度及優越的輕量化效果。
Description
本發明係有關於一種複合積層板、殼體及行動通訊裝置,且特別是有關於一種具有輕量化效果與高訊號強度之複合積層板、殼體及行動通訊裝置。
行動通訊技術已從第四代(4G)發展至第五代(5G),通訊頻率進階到28GHz(即毫米波)的範圍,其速度及反應時間均較4G長期演進技術(long term evolution,LTE)快,而可支持高速大容量的資料傳輸,故能實現互聯網及車聯網的應用。但是5G毫米波的穿透障礙物能力較差,且衰弱很明顯,尤其在金屬殼體中明顯地降低天線性能。此外,金屬殼體的重量相較於樹脂複合材料所製得之殼體更重,而不利於行動通訊裝置之輕量化及薄型化。
目前,使用樹脂或玻璃取代金屬,以解決金屬殼體的屏蔽效應與的重量問題。然而,樹脂及玻璃之殼體不具金屬質感,而降低美觀,並且其所提供的機械性能較金屬差。另外,以透明的塑膠層做為最外層,且天線位在內部的金屬層,以呈現類似金屬的質感,但此質感效果仍不佳。
有鑑於此,亟需發展一種新的複合積層板、殼體及行動通訊裝置,以改善習知的複合積層板、殼體及行動通訊裝置之上述缺點。
有鑑於上述之問題,本發明之一態樣是在提供一種複合積層板。此複合積層板包含具有穿孔之頂金屬層及陣列天線,且藉由調整陣列天線與穿孔的面積比例,其毫米波透波性可被提升。
本發明之另一態樣是在提供一種殼體,其包含前述之複合積層板。
本發明之又一態樣是在提供一種行動通訊裝置,其包含前述之殼體。
根據本發明之一態樣,提出一種複合積層板。此複合積層板包含具有穿孔之頂金屬層、具有相對的兩側之第一樹脂纖維層、具有凹槽之功能層、容置於凹槽中的陣列天線以及底層結構。第一樹脂纖維層的兩側之一者相鄰於頂金屬層,功能層相鄰於第一樹脂纖維層的兩側之另一者,且底層結構相鄰且設置於功能層相對於第一樹脂纖維層之另一側,其中底層結構包含設置於功能層下之底金屬層。穿孔相對應於陣列天線而設置,且基於陣列天線的面積為100%,穿孔的面積為10%至80%。
依據本發明之一實施例,複合積層板係由複數個金屬子層與複數個樹脂纖維子層所交錯堆疊而成,或者複合積層板在中心界面或中心層的相對兩側具有對稱的材料結構,且複合積層板包含複數個金屬子層與複數個樹脂纖維子層。
依據本發明之另一實施例,底層結構選擇性包含第二樹脂纖維層及/或金屬層,且第二樹脂纖維層及金屬層均設置於底金屬層與功能層之間。
依據本發明之又一實施例,複合積層板之厚度為不大於1.3mm。
依據本發明之又一實施例,功能層可由金屬材料或樹脂纖維材料所製成。
依據本發明之又一實施例,頂金屬層以及底金屬層包含輕金屬或其合金。
依據本發明之又一實施例,陣列天線與穿孔為共軸心。
依據本發明之又一實施例,複合積層板之密度為不大於2.4g/cm
2。
本發明之另一態樣係提供一種殼體。此殼體包含如前述之複合積層板,其中頂金屬層包含陽極處理後的氧化層。
本發明之又一態樣是在提供一種行動通訊裝置。此行動通訊裝置包含如前述之殼體。
應用本發明之複合積層板、殼體及行動通訊裝置,其中複合積層板包含具有穿孔之頂金屬層及陣列天線,且陣列天線與穿孔的面積比例為特定值,以提升毫米波透波性。再者,此複合積層板具有特定之材料結構,以兼具良好的機械性質及低密度。所製得之殼體及行動通訊裝置具有金屬質感、高訊號強度及優越的輕量化效果。
以下仔細討論本發明實施例之製造和使用。然而,可以理解的是,實施例提供許多可應用的發明概念,其可實施於各式各樣的特定內容中。所討論之特定實施例僅供說明,並非用以限定本發明之範圍。
本發明之複合積層板具有以金屬層與樹脂纖維層所堆疊而成之特定結構,以在複合積層板最薄厚度(例如:不大於1.3mm)的情況下,可使其兼具足夠的機械強度(例如:比彎曲強度不小於95kN·m/kg,且比彎曲模數不小於17500kN·m/kg)及低密度(例如:密度不大於2.4g/cm
2),從而利於殼體及行動通訊裝置的輕量化。此外,本發明之複合積層板的頂金屬層具有相對應於陣列天線的面積及位置之穿孔,以提升毫米波透波性(例如:天線的增益值大於0dBi),從而提供殼體及行動通訊裝置金屬質感及在毫米波段通訊之應用性。
申言之,前述之特定堆疊結構可由複數個金屬子層與複數個樹脂纖維子層交錯堆疊而成,或者在複合積層板的中心界面(即複合積層板之總層數為偶數時)或中心層(即複合積層板之總層數為奇數時)的相對兩側具有對稱之材料層,且複合積層板包含複數個金屬子層與複數個樹脂纖維子層。以下將藉由圖式詳述本發明之複合積層板的結構,並分成偶數層與奇數層之態樣。
請參閱圖1A,在一些實施例中,複合積層板100的層數為4層。此時,複合積層板100在中心界面C1的兩側具有對稱的材料結構。當複合積層板100的總層數為偶數時,前述之中心界面即為複合積層板100的最中間二層(即第一樹脂纖維層120與功能層130)之界面。
複合積層板100包含頂金屬層110、第一樹脂纖維層120、功能層130及底層結構140。為了方便說明,本發明說明書及圖式之複合積層板100的層數係以頂金屬層110為第一層,第一樹脂纖維層120為第二層,以此類推。但如通常知識者所能理解的是,當以頂金屬層110為最後一層時,第一樹脂纖維層120則為倒數第二層,相同地,其餘層的層數亦相反計數。
頂金屬層110具有穿孔110A,此穿孔110A相對應於後述之陣列天線130C而設置,以提供其對毫米波訊號接收之通道,從而避免訊號的屏蔽效應。頂金屬層110係由金屬材料所製成,若其不以金屬材料製成時,將不適用於陽極氧化處理方式,而不能提供複合積層板100金屬質感的外觀。可理解的,雖然仍可使用噴漆等方式來改善外觀質感,但其仍無法與金屬外觀相匹敵。
在一些實施例中,頂金屬層110的材料包含輕金屬或其合金。本發明所稱之「輕金屬」係指原子質量較輕的金屬,其密度不大於5.0g/cm
2之金屬。前述之輕金屬合金係指輕金屬含量佔整體合金的總重量不小於85%,且較佳可為90%至99%。當頂金屬層的材料包含輕金屬及其合金時,可提升複合積層板100的輕量化功效。舉例而言,頂金屬層110的材料之具體例可包含但不限於鎂、鈦、鋁及其合金,且較佳可為鋁合金。
第一樹脂纖維層120相鄰且設置於頂金屬層110下,即第一樹脂纖維層120為第二層,以覆蓋並保護下方的陣列天線130C。第一樹脂纖維層120係由樹脂纖維材料所製成,若其材料不為樹脂纖維材料時,難以彌補前述之穿孔110A所降低的機械強度,而降低複合積層板100之機械強度。其中,若第二層之材料為金屬,將屏蔽毫米波訊號的傳輸,而降低複合積層板100的毫米波訊號透波性。
前述之樹脂纖維材料係由樹脂與纖維複合而成。在一些具體例中,樹脂可包含熱塑性及熱固性樹脂,例如:聚碳酸酯及環氧樹脂。較佳地,樹脂可為熱塑性樹脂,以利於加工成型。在一些具體例中,纖維可包含不導電性纖維,例如:玻璃纖維及克維拉纖維。較佳地,纖維可為石英級玻璃纖維,以藉由其高絕緣性提升複合積層板100的毫米波訊號透波性。
在一些實施例中,第一樹脂纖維層120之樹脂與纖維之重量比值為0.2至0.7。當樹脂與纖維之重量比值為前述之範圍時,所形成之第一樹脂纖維層120具有足夠的強度,而提升複合積層板100的機械強度。較佳地,樹脂與纖維之重量比值可為0.2至0.3。
功能層130相鄰且設置於第一樹脂纖維層120下,即功能層130為第三層。功能層130由頂表面130A觀之具有凹槽130B。此凹槽130B用以容置下述之陣列天線130C。依據複合積層板100的堆疊結構而定,在一些實施例中,功能層130之材料可為金屬材料。在另一些實施例中,功能層130之材料亦可為樹脂或樹脂纖維材料。須說明的是,此處所述之金屬材料、樹脂與樹脂纖維材料係如前所述,故在此不另贅述。此外,功能層130若為金屬材料時,因為金屬材料屬於導電材料,所以於凹槽130B內,陣列天線130C與功能層130之間必須填入絕緣材料以避免金屬材料對陣列天線130C造成電性上的失效。
在一些實施例中,陣列天線130C之陣列排列可使用1×4或2×2為單位,例如:1×4、2×2、2×4或4×4之陣列。在一些具體例中,陣列天線130C可為平面式,而非可曲折式之天線,以降低陣列天線130C的體積,而降低積層板100的厚度。在一些具體例中,陣列天線130C具有一訊號導線,以將訊號傳輸至行動通訊裝置的處理器等元件。
如前所述,穿孔110A相對應於陣列天線130C而設置。所稱之「對應設置」係指穿孔110A之投影面積與陣列天線130C之投影面積相重疊。當穿孔110A未相對應於陣列天線130C而設置時,增加複合積層板100對於毫米波訊號之屏蔽效應。較佳地,陣列天線130C與穿孔110A為共軸心,以提升毫米波的透波性,如圖1B所示。此圖中的CA表示陣列天線130C與穿孔110A之共同的軸心。
再者,基於陣列天線130C的面積為100%,穿孔110A的面積為10%至80%。當穿孔110A的第二面積小於10%時,增加複合積層板100對於毫米波訊號之屏蔽效應。當穿孔110A的第二面積大於80%時,過大面積的穿孔110A降低所製得之殼體的外觀質感。較佳地,穿孔110A的第二面積可為15%至25%,且更佳可為20%。
另外,在一些實施例中,對應於陣列天線130C的每一個單位,頂金屬層110可設有相對應之穿孔110A。舉例而言,當陣列天線130C的陣列排列為兩個2×2單位之陣列(即2×4之陣列)時,每一個2×2單位之陣列對應於一個穿孔110A而設置,即複合積層板100具有兩個穿孔110A。當陣列天線130C的每一個單位對應於一個穿孔110A而設置時,可更彈性地美化外觀。
在一些具體例中,當頂金屬層110具有多個穿孔110A時,相鄰兩個穿孔110A之間的距離為50μm至150μm。當相鄰兩個穿孔110A之間的距離為50μm至150μm,複合積層板100的天線增益為足夠的。
請再參閱圖1A。底層結構140相鄰且設置於功能層130下。底層結構140可包含底金屬層。當複合積層板100之總層數為四層時,底層結構140即為底金屬層。底金屬層係複合積層板100的最底層(即相對於頂金屬層110之最底層)。
在一些實施例中,由金屬材料製成之每一個金屬層110及140可具有相同或不同之厚度,且由樹脂纖維材料製成之每一個樹脂纖維層120及130可具有相同或不同之厚度。金屬層110及140及樹脂纖維層120及130的厚度沒有特定限制,但是當複合積層板100為對稱結構時,則以達成前述對稱結構之對稱性為目的。舉例而言,金屬層的厚度為0.10mm至0.35mm,且較佳可為0.15mm至0.30mm。當金屬層的厚度為0.10mm至0.35mm時,可提升複合積層板100之機械強度。樹脂纖維層的厚度為0.15mm至0.25mm,且較佳可為0.20mm。當樹脂纖維層的厚度為0.15mm至0.25mm時,可提升複合積層板100之機械強度。
在一些實施例中,複合積層板100之厚度為不大於1.3mm,以利於殼體及行動通訊裝置之輕量化及薄型化。較佳地,複合積層板100之厚度可為0.6至1.2mm。
在一些實施例中,複合積層板100之密度為不大於2.4g/cm
2,且較佳為1.8g/cm
2至2.2g/cm
2。當複合積層板100之密度為不大於2.4g/cm
2時,可提升複合積層板100輕量化效果。
請參閱圖2,在另一些實施例中,複合積層板200的總層數為奇數,故其具有中心層,而非中心界面。於複合積層板200中,第一層為頂金屬層210,第二層為第一樹脂纖維層220,第三層為功能層230,且可理解功能層230即為中心層。頂金屬層210與第一樹脂纖維層220係相同於前述圖1A之頂金屬層110與第一樹脂纖維層120,故在此不另贅述。於複合積層板200中,功能層230可由金屬材料或樹脂纖維材料製成。於複合積層板200之底層結構240中,除底金屬層241,底層結構240可額外包含樹脂纖維層242,以滿足複合積層板200的總層數。樹脂纖維層242係設置於功能層230和底金屬層241之間。相對於中心層,當複合積層板200具有對稱結構時,基於第一樹脂纖維層220之材料,樹脂纖維層242亦應由樹脂纖維材料所製成。進一步而言,若功能層230由金屬材料所製成,複合積層板200除具有對稱結構外,其亦由金屬子層與樹脂纖維子層所交錯堆疊而成。前述功能層230之金屬材料與樹脂纖維材料均如前所述,而樹脂纖維層242之樹脂纖維材料亦如前所述,故在此不另贅述。
請參閱圖3。複合積層板300與複合積層板200之配置大致上相同,兩者之差異在於複合積層板300之底層結構340額外包含樹脂纖維層343,且樹脂纖維層343設置於功能層330與樹脂纖維層342之間。由於複合積層板300之總層數為6層,故其具有功能層330和樹脂纖維層343間之中心界面C2。相對於C2,功能層300具有對稱之結構,故基於第一樹脂纖維層320之材料(即樹脂纖維材料),樹脂纖維層342亦應由樹脂纖維材料所形成。進一步而言,功能層330可由金屬材料或樹脂纖維材料所形成,故基於複合積層板300之對稱結構,與功能層330相鄰的下一個子層相應地係以金屬材料或樹脂纖維材料所形成。例如,功能層330由樹脂纖維材料所形成,則與其相鄰的下一個子層為樹脂纖維層343。可理解的,由於頂金屬層310由金屬材料製成,第一樹脂纖維層320由樹脂纖維材料製成,且底金屬層341由金屬材料製成,故複合積層板300不會具有由金屬子層和樹脂纖維子層交錯堆疊之材料結構。
在前述之實施例中,當功能層330之材料為金屬材料時,陣列天線330C直接接觸第一樹脂纖維層320,以避免功能層330之金屬材料對陣列天線330C所產生之屏蔽效應,而提升積層板300的毫米波訊號透波性。
另外,需說明的是,當連續層為同一種材料時,可視為厚度增加之一個層。舉例而言,連續二層之金屬層可視為厚度加倍之一層金屬層。因此,關於前述之層數的計算應做相對應地修改。
本發明之另一態樣為提供一種殼體。此殼體包含前述之複合積層板。在一些實施例中,殼體用於行動通訊裝置之外殼體。在一些具體例中,行動通訊裝置包含電腦、手機及平板,且較佳可為筆記型電腦。申言之,複合積層板的最外層為金屬材料,金屬材料可進行陽極氧化處理,以提供殼體金屬質感的外觀。在一些實施例中,殼體中的頂金屬層具有陽極處理後的氧化層。其次,複合積層板的良好機械強度及低密度可使殼體兼具輕量化與良好之保護性。再者,複合積層板的陣列天線具有毫米波透波性,以提供殼體在毫米波段通訊裝置之應用性。當殼體不包含此複合積層板時,殼體無法兼具金屬質感、輕量化效果及毫米波段通訊裝置之應用性。
在一些實施例中,複合積層板使用熱塑性樹脂做為樹脂纖維層的材料,而藉由金屬前處理、定位堆疊、熱壓成型、後續頂金屬層的陽極氧化處理及切割等過程製得殼體。
本發明之另一態樣為提供一種行動通訊裝置。此行動通訊裝置包含前述之殼體。此殼體之陣列天線提供訊號的傳輸且無屏蔽效應,故行動通訊裝置無需內置天線,而可縮小體積並提高訊號強度。其次,殼體具有金屬質感的外觀及優越的輕量化效果,而可製造成一體型的金屬質感殼體,以提供行動通訊裝置外觀的整體性及美感。當行動通訊裝置不包含前述之殼體時,行動通訊裝置無法兼具輕量化效果、傳輸毫米波訊號功能及外觀的整體性及美感。
以下利用實施例以說明本發明之應用,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何熟習此技藝者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作各種之更動與潤飾。
複合積層板之製備
實施例1
實施例1之複合積層板係依據表1所示之材料與層數堆疊5系列鋁合金、1系列鋁合金、2×4陣列天線及聚碳酸酯玻璃纖維複合材料,再經熱壓成型(溫度為240℃,時間為3分鐘,壓力為20kgf/cm
2),以製得實施例1之複合積層板,其中穿孔的面積為20%,且其與陣列天線為共軸心設置。製得之複合積層板以下述之評價方式進行評估,其具體條件與評價結果如表1所示。
實施例2至7及比較例1
實施例2至7皆以與實施例1相同的方法進行製造複合積層板。不同的是,實施例2至7係改變材料種類、層數及堆疊方式。另外,比較例1係以5052鋁合金取代積層板。
評價方式
1.密度
密度係以本發明所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者所慣用之方法進行測量,且密度的合格標準為不大於2.4g/cm
2。
2.比彎曲強度及比彎曲模數
比彎曲強度及比彎曲模數係以美國材料試驗協會(ASTM)規範的D790之標準方法進行測量彎曲強度及彎曲模數,再分別除以密度後求得。比彎曲強度的合格標準為不小於95kN·m/kg,而比彎曲模數的合格標準為不小於17500kN·m/kg。
3.毫米波透波性
毫米波透波性係採用空中傳輸(over the air,OTA)檢測方法,以28.0GHz頻率之毫米波傳輸至陣列天線後,並以全相的偶極天線定義為零,以獲得增益值之數據,進而評估實施例5之複合積層板的毫米波透波性。當增益值為正值時,對毫米波產生特定方向增強的效應,反之則相反。
根據表1可知,實施例1至7之複合積層板可於降低密度之情形下,仍具有良好之機械強度。故,本發明之複合積層板可兼具較佳之輕量化與良好之機械強度。再者,實施例5之複合積層板具有良好的毫米波透波性。
綜上所述,本發明之複合積層板包含具有穿孔之頂金屬層及陣列天線,且陣列天線與穿孔的面積比例為特定值,以提升毫米波透波性。再者,此複合積層板具有特定之結構配置,而可兼具良好的機械性質及低密度。故所製得之殼體及行動通訊裝置具有金屬質感、高訊號強度及優越的輕量化效果。
雖然本發明已以實施方式揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,在本發明所屬技術領域中任何具有通常知識者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作各種之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
100,200,300:複合積層板
110,210,310:頂金屬層
110A,210A,310A:穿孔
120,220,320:第一樹脂纖維層
130,230,330:功能層
130A,230A,330A:頂表面
130B,230B,330B:凹槽
130C,230C,330C:陣列天線
140,240,340:底層結構
241,341:底金屬層
242,342,343:樹脂纖維層
C1,C2:中心界面
為了對本發明之實施例及其優點有更完整之理解,現請參照以下之說明並配合相應之圖式。必須強調的是,各種特徵並非依比例描繪且僅係為了圖解目的。相關圖式內容說明如下:
[圖1A]係繪示根據本發明之一實施例的複合積層板的截面示意圖。
[圖1B]係繪示根據本發明之一實施例的複合積層板的俯視示意圖。
[圖2]係繪示根據本發明之另一實施例的複合積層板的截面示意圖。
[圖3]係繪示根據本發明之又一實施例的複合積層板的截面示意圖。
100:複合積層板
110:頂金屬層
110A:穿孔
120:第一樹脂纖維層
130:功能層
130A:頂表面
130B:凹槽
130C:陣列天線
140:底層結構
C1:中心界面
Claims (10)
- 一種複合積層板,包含: 一頂金屬層,具有一穿孔; 一第一樹脂纖維層,具有相對的兩側,其中該兩側之一者相鄰於該頂金屬層; 一功能層,相鄰於該第一樹脂纖維層的該兩側之另一者,且該功能層具有一凹槽; 一陣列天線,容置於該凹槽中,其中該穿孔相對應於該陣列天線而設置,且基於該陣列天線的一面積為100%,該穿孔的一面積為10%至80%;以及 一底層結構,相鄰且設置於該功能層相對於該第一樹脂纖維層之另一側,其中該底層結構包含設置於該功能層下之一底金屬層。
- 如請求項1所述之複合積層板,其中該複合積層板係由複數個金屬子層與複數個樹脂纖維子層所交錯堆疊而成,或者該複合積層板在一中心界面或一中心層的相對兩側具有對稱的一材料結構,且該複合積層板包含複數個金屬子層與複數個樹脂纖維子層。
- 如請求項1所述之複合積層板,其中該底層結構更包含一第二樹脂纖維層及/或一金屬層,且該第二樹脂纖維層及該金屬層均設置於該底金屬層與該功能層之間。
- 如請求項1所述之複合積層板,其中該複合積層板之一厚度為不大於1.3mm。
- 如請求項1或2所述之複合積層板,其中該功能層可由金屬材料或樹脂纖維材料所製成。
- 如請求項1所述之複合積層板,其中該頂金屬層以及該底金屬層包含輕金屬或其合金。
- 如請求項1所述之複合積層板,其中該陣列天線與該穿孔為共軸心。
- 如請求項1所述之複合積層板,其中該複合積層板之一密度為不大於2.4g/cm 2。
- 一種殼體,包含如請求項1至8之任一項所述之複合積層板,其中該頂金屬層包含一陽極處理後的氧化層。
- 一種行動通訊裝置,包含如請求項9所述之殼體。
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