TW202144491A - Biodegradable utensil containing no polylactic acid and composition thereof containing 30-55wt% of Bio-PBS, 15-50wt% of assisted polymer, 16-38wt% of bio-based powder and 2-4wt% of auxiliaries - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a biodegradable utensil containing no polylactic acid and a composition thereof. The composition of the biodegradable utensil contains 30-55wt% of Bio-PBS, 15-50wt% of assisted polymer, 16-38wt% of bio-based powder and 2-4wt% of auxiliaries. The assisted polymer is selected from Bio-PES or Bio-PHB; the bio-based powder is selected from at least one of biochar, plant fiber and a calcium salt; and the auxiliaries include oil, grease and wax. The biodegradable utensil, such as a bottle cap, a knife, a fork, a spoon or chopsticks, containing no polylactic acid and made of the aforementioned materials, can be decomposed in a general environment after being discarded, so that the waste treatment cost is greatly reduced; and products obtained after decomposition only include water, carbon dioxide and alkaline substances, and methane or residual petrochemical filler cannot be generated, so that the problem of soil pollution can be further relieved, and the risk that fires occur on landfill fields can be reduced.

Description

Biodegradable appliance without polylactic acid and its composition

The present invention relates to a biodegradable material and an environmental protection appliance, in particular to a biodegradable material and an appliance that do not contain polylactic acid.

Nowadays, the public's awareness of environmental protection is gradually increasing. Due to the pollution of the ecological environment caused by petrochemical processing products, people have begun to consciously choose green products made of biodegradable materials.

Among them, because of its good processability and mechanical properties, polylactic acid (PLA) is widely used in high-replacement products such as tableware and shopping bags. However, if you want to discard these environmentally friendly products containing polylactic acid When utensils are used, these environmental protection utensils must be sent to a special industrial landfill, and the external environment must be controlled under the conditions of specific temperature, humidity, and bacterial species, so that the polylactic acid can be completely decomposed, but it greatly improves the disposal of waste. In addition, during the decomposition of polylactic acid, carbon dioxide, water and methane will be released. Among them, the ability of methane to obtain heat energy causes the intensity of the greenhouse effect to be about 25 times higher than that of carbon dioxide, and it is easy to burn at room temperature. Dangerous to landfills. In addition, in order to reduce production costs or improve product processability, there are still many environmental protection appliances that add a small amount of petrochemically processed fillers to the composition. Therefore, after the environmental protection appliances are decomposed, these fillers will still be in the form of fine fragments. remaining in the soil and causing pollution.

Therefore, how to reduce the follow-up processing cost of environmental protection appliances and further reduce the environmental and safety problems caused by the follow-up decomposition products is still one of the focuses of research in related fields.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a biodegradable material composition without polylactic acid.

Therefore, the present invention is composed of a biodegradable material without polylactic acid, comprising a bio-based polymer, a bio-based powder, and an adjuvant.

The bio-based polymers include bio-based polybutylene succinate (Bio-PBS), and bio-based co-polymers.

The bio-based powder is selected from biochar, vegetable fiber, calcium salt, and at least one combination of the foregoing.

The adjuvant includes at least one of oil, grease and wax.

Wherein, the weight percentage of the biodegradable material is 100 wt %, the content of the bio-based polymer is 60-80 wt %, and the content of the bio-based polybutylene succinate is 30-55 wt %, The content of the bio-based powder is between 16 and 38 wt %, and the content of the auxiliary agent is between 2 and 4 wt %.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a biodegradable device that does not contain polylactic acid.

Therefore, the constituent material of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable device of the present invention is composed of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material as described above.

The effect of the present invention is that: since the constituent material of the biodegradable appliance does not contain polylactic acid and is selected from biomass materials, it can be decomposed in a general environment, and the decomposed products are only water, carbon dioxide and a small amount from the biological The alkaline substance of the base powder will not leave petrochemical fillers or generate methane, so it can further reduce the processing cost of environmentally friendly waste, and improve the secondary pollution and safety problems generated in the processing process.

The composition of the biodegradable material without polylactic acid in the present invention is all selected from natural green materials, does not have any petrochemical filler at all, and can be used for preparing utensils such as tableware or bottle caps. Examples of the composition of the biodegradable material include: bio-based polymers, bio-based powders, and additives.

Specifically, the bio-based polymer includes a bio-based polybutylene succinate (Bio-PBS), and a bio-based auxiliary polymer. Taking the weight percentage of the biodegradable material without polylactic acid as 100 wt %, the total content of the bio-based polymer is between 60 and 80 wt %, and the bio-based polybutylene succinate (Bio-PBS) is 100 wt %. The content is between 30 and 55 wt %, and the content of the bio-based auxiliary polymer is between 15 and 50 wt %, and the bio-based auxiliary polymer is selected from the group consisting of bio-based polyethylene succinate (Bio-PES) and bio-based poly At least one of hydroxybutyrate (Bio-PHB).

The bio-based polymer chooses Bio-PBS as the main composition, because Bio-PBS can be decomposed by anaerobic bacteria in a general environment such as normal temperature and pressure, and the decomposed products are only carbon dioxide and water, which is different from Bio-PES. Compared with Bio-PBS, the degradation rate is slower, which is more conducive to the performance and quality control of the fabricated instruments. The bio-based co-polymer can be used to further adjust the degradation rate of the bio-degradable material composition and can be used to adjust the fluidity of the bio-based polymer in the molten state to improve the processability of the bio-based polymer and ultimately The toughness of the product.

The content of the bio-based powder ranges from 16 to 38 wt %, and is selected from biochar (Biochar), vegetable fibers, calcium salts, and at least one combination of the foregoing. The addition of the bio-based powder can be used to improve the heat resistance and processability of the biodegradable material composition, and to enhance the mechanical strength of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable appliance, and the bio-based powder will be decomposed to produce Alkaline substances that can be used as organic fertilizers to improve soil acidification problems.

The adjuvant may include at least one of a toughening agent and a thickening agent. In the embodiment of the present invention, the adjuvant includes a toughening agent with a content of 2-4 wt %, and the toughening agent may be selected from oil , at least one of fat and wax to enhance the toughness and strength of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material composition.

The following specific examples 1 to 3 are used to illustrate the biodegradable devices with different colors obtained by injection molding with different compositions of this embodiment of the present invention, and the biodegradable devices without polylactic acid can be as shown in Figures 1 to 1. The spoon 100, the fork 200, the knife 300, the chopsticks 400, or the bottle cap 500 shown in 5. However, in actual implementation, the utensils may also be other utensils such as bowls and plates, which are not limited thereto.

Specific example 1

First prepare a biodegradable material that does not contain polylactic acid. Taking the weight percentage of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material as 100wt%, the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material comprises 20wt% of Bio-PBS, 40wt% of Bio-PES, 38wt% of shell powder, And 2wt% of epoxidized soybean oil. In this specific example, the Bio-PBS is a biodegradable cellulose resin obtained by fermentation, extraction and synthesis of biomass materials, such as corn; the shell powder is obtained from, for example, oyster shells, scallop shells or mussel shells, etc. For example, the marine calcium salt is obtained by grinding after high temperature sintering, but it is not limited to this.

Next, the aforementioned materials are smelted and mixed at 126-132°C through an internal mixer, and then granulated to obtain masterbatches of a predetermined size, which are then put into an injection machine, and the temperature parameters are 160- The four-stage temperature-controlled thermal process at 160-150-145°C is used to sequentially perform a series of steps such as preheating, injection molding, cooling, and demolding to obtain a biodegradable device of a predetermined shape. They are all white or light yellow, so the appearance of the biodegradable device is white or light yellow, and the biodegradable device can be structured as shown in Figures 1-5.

It should be noted here that the relevant conditions and parameters of the granulation process and the subsequent processing procedures of the injection molding are known in the related art, so they will not be repeated here.

Specific example 2

In this specific example 2, a biodegradable material that does not contain polylactic acid is prepared first. Based on the weight percentage of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material as 100 wt%, the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material comprises 35 wt% Bio-PBS, 35 wt% Bio-P3HB, 27 wt% of green tea powder, and 3wt% montan wax.

Next, the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material is thoroughly mixed under the condition of 122~125°C, and then, masterbatches of a predetermined size are produced by granulation, and then the masterbatches are prepared at 155-155-142-133 ℃ The four-stage temperature-controlled heat process is used for injection molding to obtain a biodegradable device with a dark khaki appearance. And the appearance color of the biodegradable device is derived from the green tea powder and the montan wax, and the biodegradable device can be structured as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 .

Specific example 3

In this specific example 3, a biodegradable material that does not contain polylactic acid is prepared first. Taking the weight percentage of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material as 100wt%, the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material comprises 55wt% Bio-PBS, 25wt% Bio-P4HB, 10wt% bamboo charcoal powder, 6wt% water chestnut shell powder, and 4wt% jojoba oil.

Next, the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material is mixed at a temperature of 126-134°C to form a mixture, and the mixture is granulated to produce masterbatches of a predetermined size, and the masterbatches are heated to 160-155°C. -146-135°C four-stage temperature-controlled heat process for injection molding to obtain a biodegradable device with a predetermined shape. The appearance of the biodegradable device is black, which is derived from the water chestnut shell powder and the bamboo charcoal powder, and the The biodegradable device may have a structure as shown in Figures 1-5.

In the aforementioned specific example, the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material is heat-treated into a molten state, fully mixed, and then subjected to a series of steps such as cooling and granulation, and the mixture is made into a masterbatch of a predetermined size, and These master batches are made into biodegradable appliances without polylactic acid such as spoons, knives, forks, chopsticks, and bottle caps by processing methods such as injection molding in a predetermined shape. However, the actual types of appliances and processing methods are not This is the limit.

Compared with the conventional environmental protection appliances containing polylactic acid, the environmental protection appliances can only be decomposed by microorganisms in a buried environment with an external temperature of 58~70°C and a relative humidity of 90%. When it is not enough, the environmental protection appliance containing polylactic acid will activate the decomposition mechanism of aerobic bacteria to release methane, which not only causes a strong greenhouse effect, but also the landfill is prone to fire.

By using the polylactic acid-free biodegradable appliance of the present invention, it can be completely decomposed when the waste is landfilled after use, so the cost of decomposing the waste can be effectively reduced; and because the polylactic acid-free biodegradable device The components of the decomposition apparatus are all green biomass materials, so the products after decomposition are only water, carbon dioxide and alkaline substances from the bio-based powder, no petrochemical fillers, and no decomposition from polylactic acid. Therefore, it can further improve the problem of soil pollution caused by waste, and slow down the greenhouse effect caused by methane, so as to achieve the purpose of environmental protection. In addition, the alkaline substance can also be used in organic fertilizers and adjust the pH value of the soil itself to improve the fertility of the soil.

To sum up, since the polylactic acid-free biodegradable device can be completely decomposed after being discarded, the cost of disposing of the waste can be reduced and it is safer. In addition, since the constituent materials are all biomass processed from nature Therefore, the decomposed products are only water, carbon dioxide, and alkaline substances, without producing methane or residual petrochemical fillers, so it can effectively reduce soil pollution and the risk of landfill fires, so it can indeed achieve the present invention. Purpose.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the contents of the patent specification are still included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of the invention patent.

100: tablespoon 200: Fork 300: Knife 400: chopsticks 500: bottle cap

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, wherein: 1 to 5 are schematic diagrams illustrating different forms of biodegradable appliances made by embodiments of the present invention that are composed of biodegradable materials that do not contain polylactic acid.

100: tablespoon

Claims (5)

A polylactic acid-free biodegradable material composition comprising: Bio-based polymers, including bio-based polybutylene succinate (Bio-PBS) and bio-based auxiliary polymers; Bio-based powder, selected from biochar, vegetable fiber, calcium salt, and at least one combination of the foregoing; and Auxiliary, including at least one of oil, grease, wax, Wherein, the weight percentage of the biodegradable material without polylactic acid is 100 wt %, the content of the bio-based polymer is between 60 and 80 wt %, and the content of the bio-based polybutylene succinate is between 30~55wt%, the content of the bio-based powder is 16~38wt%, and the content of the auxiliary agent is 2~4wt%. The composition of the biodegradable material without polylactic acid according to claim 1, wherein the content of the bio-based auxiliary polymer in the composition of the biodegradable material ranges from 15 to 50 wt%. The composition of the biodegradable material without polylactic acid according to claim 2, wherein the auxiliary polymer is selected from bio-based polyethylene succinate (Bio-PES) and bio-based polyhydroxybutyrate (Bio-based polyhydroxybutyrate). - at least one of PHB). A polylactic acid-free biodegradable appliance is composed of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material according to claim 1. The polylactic acid-free biodegradable appliance according to claim 4, wherein the biodegradable appliance is a tableware or a bottle cap.

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