TW202144490A - Biodegradable coating film containing no polylactic acids and composition thereof containing 40wt% to 50wt% of Bio-PBS, 9wt% to 35wt% of auxiliary polyester, 21wt% to 38wt% of powder and 3wt% to 4wt% of auxiliaries - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a biodegradable coating film containing no polylactic acids and a composition thereof, and the composition of the biodegradable material contains 40wt% to 50wt% of Bio-PBS, 9wt% to 35wt% of auxiliary polyester, 21wt% to 38wt% of powder and 3wt% to 4wt% of auxiliaries, the auxiliary polyester is selected from Bio-PES and Bio-PHB; the powder includes calcium oxide, filling powder and organic powder, and the auxiliaries include at least one of oil, grease and wax; the biodegradable coating film containing no polylactic acids made of the material can be decomposed in a normal environment so that the waste treatment cost is greatly reduced, and products obtainned after decomposition only include water, carbon dioxide, biomass residues and alkaline substances, and methane or residual petrochemical filler cannot be generated, therefore the problem of soil pollution can be relieved, and the risk of fire hazard in landfill fields can be reduced.

Description

Biodegradable coating film without polylactic acid and its composition

The present invention relates to a biodegradable material and an environmental protection packaging material, in particular to a biodegradable coating film that does not contain polylactic acid and its composition.

Polylactic Acid (PLA) is one of the most attractive biodegradable plastics to replace the plastics produced by the traditional petrochemical industry. As the public's awareness of environmental protection gradually increases, polylactic acid is widely used in packaging bags, for example. , coating and other highly replaceable products.

However, if these packaging plastics containing polylactic acid are to be discarded for disposal, the external environment must be controlled under specific conditions of temperature, humidity, and bacterial species, so that polylactic acid can be completely decomposed and the waste disposal can be greatly improved. cost and difficulty, and there are still many packaging plastics composed of polylactic acid, a small amount of petrochemical additives will be added to improve processability, therefore, after these packaging plastics are decomposed, these petrochemical additives will remain in the contamination in the soil. In addition, polylactic acid will release carbon dioxide, water and a small amount of methane after decomposition. Among them, the ability of methane to obtain heat energy is about 25 times higher than that of carbon dioxide, which will produce a stronger greenhouse effect, and methane is easy to burn or explode at room temperature. It also increases the risk of waste disposal sites.

Therefore, how to reduce the cost of subsequent treatment of environmental wastes and improve the secondary environmental pollution and safety issues caused by subsequent decomposition products is still one of the focuses of research in related fields.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a biodegradable material composition that does not contain polylactic acid, does not contain polylactic acid and that the composition is all non-petrochemical products.

Therefore, the present invention is composed of a biodegradable material without polylactic acid, which includes a biobased polymer, powder, and an auxiliary agent.

The bio-based polymers include bio-based polybutylene succinate (Bio-PBS), and bio-based auxiliary polyesters.

The powder includes calcium oxide and filling powder, and the filling powder is selected from calcium salt, pozzolan, and at least one combination thereof.

The adjuvant includes oil, grease, wax, and at least one combination thereof.

Wherein, the weight percentage of the biodegradable material is 100 wt %, the content of the bio-based polymer is 59-75 wt %, and the content of the bio-based polybutylene succinate is 40-50 wt %, The content of the powder is 21-38 wt %, and the content of the auxiliary agent is 3-4 wt %.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a biodegradable coating film that does not contain polylactic acid.

Therefore, the constituent material of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable coating film of the present invention is the aforementioned polylactic acid-free biodegradable material.

The effect of the present invention is: because the constituent material of the biodegradable coating film without polylactic acid is selected from biomass materials, and can be decomposed in a general environment, the processing cost of environmental protection waste can be reduced, in addition, the biological The decomposed products of the decomposable coating film are only water, carbon dioxide, biomass residues, and a small amount of alkaline substances, and there will be no residual petrochemical additives or methane, which can also greatly improve the pollution and safety problems generated during the treatment process.

The constituent material of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable coating film of the present invention is selected from biodegradable materials, and the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material is selected from natural green biomass materials without any petrochemical additives. and can be used to manufacture fresh-keeping bags, packaging bags 100 or agricultural land mulching films 200, etc.

An example of the composition of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material includes: a biobased polymer, a powder, and an adjuvant.

The bio-based polymers include bio-based polybutylene succinate (Bio-PBS), and bio-based auxiliary polyesters. Taking the weight percentage of the biodegradable material without polylactic acid as 100wt%, the total content of the bio-based polymer is 59-75wt%, wherein, the content of Bio-PBS is between 40-50wt%, the bio-based polymer The content of the base auxiliary polyester ranges from 9 to 35 wt %, and is selected from at least one of bio-based polyethylene succinate (Bio-PES) and bio-based polyhydroxybutyrate (Bio-PHB).

In this embodiment, the Bio-PBS is a decomposable fibrous resin obtained by fermentation, extraction and synthesis of biomass materials, such as corn, as an example, and can be purchased from FORZEAS series products produced by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation of Japan. , but not limited to this. The bio-based polymer chooses Bio-PBS as one of the main constituent materials, because Bio-PBS can be decomposed by microorganisms in a general environment at room temperature of about 30°C, and the decomposed products are only carbon dioxide, water, and some Compared with Bio-PES, Bio-PBS has a slower degradation rate, which is more conducive to maintaining the performance and quality control of the obtained products. That is, the bio-based auxiliary polyester can be used to adjust the degradation rate of the biodegradable material composition due to its high biodegradability, and in addition, the bio-based auxiliary polyester is also used to adjust the bio-based polymer The fluidity and viscosity in the molten state are used to improve the processability of the bio-based polymer and the toughness of the final product.

The content of the powder is 21-38 wt %, specifically, the powder includes 3-5 wt % calcium oxide powder, 15-30 wt % filling powder, and 2-6 wt % organic powder.

The calcium oxide powder is used to enhance the ability to capture moisture and absorb carbon dioxide, so as to enhance the biodegradability of the biodegradable material; the organic powder is selected from plant fibers, biochar, and at least one combination thereof; the filling property The powder is selected from calcium salts, pozzolans, and at least one combination thereof. The addition of the powder can be used to improve the heat resistance and processability of the biodegradable material composition, and to enhance the mechanical strength of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable coating film. In addition, the powder will form an alkali after decomposing It can solve the problem of soil acidification and optimize soil quality.

The adjuvant may contain at least one of a toughening agent and a thickening agent. In this embodiment, the adjuvant includes a toughening agent with a content of 3-4wt%, and the toughening agent can be selected from at least one of oil, grease, and wax, so as to enhance the biodegradable polylactic acid-free Toughness strength of material composition.

The following specific examples 1 to 5 are used to illustrate the production of biodegradable coating films with different shapes or colors by using different compositions of this embodiment of the present invention by means of blown film molding, and the biodegradable coating films without polylactic acid are used. The decomposable wrapping film may be the packaging bag 100 shown in FIG. 1 or the agricultural land covering film 200 shown in FIG. 2 . Of course, it should be noted that, in actual implementation, the specific form of the biodegradable coating film is not limited to this.

Specific example 1

First prepare a biodegradable material composition that does not contain polylactic acid. Based on the weight percentage of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material as 100wt%, the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material composition comprises 45wt% Bio-PBS, 17wt% Bio-PES, 5wt% calcium oxide Powder, 29wt% ground calcium carbonate powder, 2wt% wood wax, and 2wt% soybean oil.

Next, put the aforementioned materials into an internal mixer, smelt the biodegradable material composition at a temperature of 105-120° C. and mix thoroughly, and then obtain a predetermined size of masterbatch through granulation. The pellets are put into a film blowing machine, and go through a four-stage temperature-controlled thermal process with a temperature parameter of 160-156-150-146°C, which is used for preheating, film blowing, calendering, and rolling in sequence. step, and then through cutting to obtain a biodegradable wrapping film with a predetermined shape and size that conforms to environmental protection, and the biodegradable wrapping film is a packaging bag 100 (as shown in FIG. 1 ).

It should be noted here that the relevant conditions and parameters of granulation, the subsequent processes such as film blowing and cutting have been known in the relevant fields, so they will not be repeated here.

Specific example 2

First prepare a biodegradable material composition that does not contain polylactic acid. Taking the weight percentage of the biodegradable material composition as 100wt%, the biodegradable material composition comprises 50wt% Bio-PBS, 20wt% Bio-P3HB, 3wt% calcium oxide powder, 20wt% calcium carbonate powder, 4wt% lotus flower powder, and 3wt% montan wax. In this specific example, the calcium carbonate powder is 2000-mesh light calcium carbonate, and the Phyllostachys cuspidatum powder is obtained from the stems and leaves of Phyllostachys edulis.

Similarly, the aforementioned materials are then melted and mixed through heat treatment at 102~115°C, and masterbatches of a predetermined size are obtained by granulation, and then these masterbatches are put into the film blowing machine, and the temperature parameters are 158-154°C. -150-144°C four-stage temperature-controlled thermal process, which is used to sequentially perform a series of steps such as preheating, film blowing, calendering, and winding, and then cut to obtain the biodegradable biodegradable of a predetermined shape and size. A coating film, and the polylactic acid-free biodegradable coating film is a packaging bag 100 (as shown in FIG. 1 ).

Specific example 3

The specific example 3 is to prepare a biodegradable material composition, including 48wt% Bio-PBS, 27wt% Bio-P3HB, 4wt% calcium oxide powder, 15wt% pozzolan, 2wt% bamboo charcoal powder, 1.5wt% of beeswax, and 2.5wt% of jojoba oil.

Similar to the aforementioned specific example, the aforementioned materials are then fully melted and mixed through heat treatment at 102-115° C. to form a dough-like mixture, and the mixture is granulated to obtain a predetermined size of masterbatch, and then the Put the masterbatch into the film blowing machine, and go through a four-stage temperature-controlled thermal process with temperature parameters of 162-157-151-148°C, which is used to sequentially perform preheating, film blowing, calendering, and winding series. step, and then through cutting to obtain the biodegradable coating film with a predetermined shape, size and appearance of brick brown. In the specific example 3, the biodegradable coating film is a fresh-keeping bag for fruits and vegetables as shown in Figure 1, or a bag for reprocessed products (not shown in the figure), and has air permeability, and can be used for composting after decomposition use.

Specific example 4

In this specific example, a biodegradable material composition is prepared first, and the biodegradable material composition includes 40wt% Bio-PBS, 22wt% Bio-PES, 5wt% calcium oxide powder, 28wt% light calcium carbonate powder, 2wt% green tea powder, and 3wt% jojoba oil.

Then, the biodegradable material composition is put into the smelting machine, smelted and mixed through a thermal process of 110-120 ° C to form a mixture, and the mixture is granulated to obtain a master batch of a predetermined size, and then the master batch is obtained. The pellets are put into the film blowing machine, and through a four-stage temperature-controlled thermal process with temperature parameters of 160-157-152-147°C, preheating, film blowing, calendering, cutting, and winding are performed in sequence. and other steps to obtain the biodegradable covering film of predetermined shape, size and air permeability. In this specific example 4, the difference from the previous specific example is that a step of cutting the edge of the bag is also performed after the calendering and shaping, so the biodegradable coating film is an agricultural land covering film 200 with a thickness of about 100 μm (as shown in FIG. 2 ). Show).

Specific example 5

In this specific example, a biodegradable material is prepared first, and the biodegradable material composition includes 42wt% Bio-PBS, 15wt% Bio-PES, 4wt% calcium oxide powder, 30wt% light calcium carbonate powder , 6wt% water chestnut shell powder, 2wt% wood wax, and 1wt% jojoba oil.

Similar to the specific example 4, the biodegradable material was put into the smelting machine, smelted and mixed through a thermal process at 108-124 °C, and then granulated to obtain masterbatches of a predetermined size, and then the masterbatches were put into the smelting machine. into the film blowing machine, and through a four-stage temperature-controlled thermal process with temperature parameters of 162-158-154-148 °C, the steps of preheating, film blowing, calendering, cutting the edge of the bag, and winding are performed in sequence. Thus, the biodegradable coating film having a predetermined shape and a black appearance was obtained. In the specific example 5, the biodegradable covering film is the agricultural land covering film 200, the thickness is about 140 μm, and the width is between 450 and 2000 mm, so it is not light-transmitting and air-tight.

In the above-mentioned specific example, the biodegradable material without polylactic acid is fully mixed through a thermal process, and then granulated to obtain a masterbatch of a predetermined size, and the masterbatch of a predetermined size is obtained through blown film molding and other processing technologies. The granules are formed into the packaging bag 100, the agricultural land covering film 200 and other biodegradable covering films without polylactic acid according to the predetermined shape. However, the actual types and processing methods of the covering films are not limited thereto.

In addition, it should be noted that, the biodegradable coating film made of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material of the present invention can be formed with a double-layer or multi-layer structure in addition to a single-layer structure. For example, the masterbatch of specific example 1 and specific example 5 can be put into a two-layer co-extrusion blown film machine, and the temperature parameters are: 162-158-153-149 ℃, four-stage temperature control In the thermal process, the steps of preheating, film blowing, calendering, bag edge cutting, and winding are performed in sequence to obtain a double-layer and two-color biodegradable coating film with a predetermined width and thickness.

Compared with the conventional packaging plastics containing polylactic acid, they must be decomposed by microorganisms in a buried environment with an external temperature of 58~70°C and a relative humidity of 90%, and when the oxygen content of the buried environment is insufficient, these contain The packaging plastic of polylactic acid will begin to undergo aerobic decomposition and release methane. Since the ability of methane to obtain heat is about 25 times higher than that of carbon dioxide, it will produce a stronger greenhouse effect, and because methane is easy to burn at room temperature, the There is also a fire hazard in landfills.

By using the polylactic acid-free biodegradable coating film of the present invention, it can be completely decomposed after being discarded and disposed of after being buried, so the cost of decomposing waste can be effectively reduced; The constituent materials of the biodegradable coating film are all green biomass materials, so the products after decomposition are only water, carbon dioxide, biomass residues (Biomass), and alkaline substances generated from the decomposition of the powder, and no petrochemical residues will remain. The additive can avoid the soil pollution problem caused by the waste, and the biomass residue and the alkaline substance can also be used as organic compost to improve the problem of soil acidification and improve the fertility of the soil. In addition, the polylactic acid-free biodegradable coating film does not generate methane after decomposing, so it can reduce the greenhouse effect caused by methane, and also solve the safety problem of the landfill, thereby achieving the purpose of green environmental protection.

To sum up, since the biodegradable coating film without polylactic acid is all processed from natural biomass materials, it can be completely decomposed after being discarded and buried, and the decomposition products are only water, carbon dioxide, and some biomass residues. and alkaline substances without producing methane or residual petrochemical additives, which can not only reduce the cost of waste disposal, but also effectively improve soil pollution and reduce the risk of fire in landfills, so it can indeed achieve the purpose of the present invention.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Any simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the contents of the patent specification are still included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of the invention patent.

100: packing bag 200: Farmland mulch film

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, wherein: 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of a polylactic acid-free biodegradable coating film of the present invention; and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating another specific aspect of the embodiment.

100: packing bag

Claims (10)

A polylactic acid-free biodegradable material composition comprising: Bio-based polymers, including bio-based polybutylene succinate (Bio-PBS), and bio-based auxiliary polyesters; powder, including calcium oxide, and filling powder, the filling powder is selected from calcium salt, pozzolan, and at least one combination thereof; and Adjuvants, including oil, grease, wax, and at least one combination thereof, wherein, the weight percentage of the biodegradable material is 100wt%, the content of the biobased polymer is between 59 and 75wt%, and the biobased polymer is 100wt%. The content of butylene succinate is 40-50 wt %, the content of the powder is 21-38 wt %, and the content of the auxiliary agent is 3-4 wt %. The composition of the biodegradable material without polylactic acid according to claim 1, wherein the content of the bio-based auxiliary polyester in the composition of the biodegradable material ranges from 9 to 35 wt %. The composition of the biodegradable material without polylactic acid according to claim 2, wherein the bio-based auxiliary polyester is selected from bio-based polyethylene succinate (Bio-PES) and bio-based polyhydroxybutyric acid At least one of esters (Bio-PHB). The composition of the biodegradable material without polylactic acid according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of the biodegradable material composition is 100 wt %, and the content of the calcium oxide is between 3 and 4 wt %. The composition of the biodegradable material without polylactic acid according to claim 1, wherein the powder further includes an organic powder, and the organic powder is selected from vegetable fibers, biochar, and at least one combination thereof, and the organic powder is selected from the group consisting of The weight percentage of the polylactic acid-containing biodegradable material is 100 wt %, the content of the filling powder is 15-30 wt %, and the content of the organic powder is 2-6 wt %. The composition of the biodegradable material without polylactic acid according to claim 1, wherein the calcium salt is calcium carbonate. A polylactic acid-free biodegradable coating film is composed of the polylactic acid-free biodegradable material according to claim 1. The polylactic acid-free biodegradable coating film according to claim 7, wherein the polylactic acid-free biodegradable coating film is a packaging bag or a coating film. The polylactic acid-free biodegradable coating film according to claim 8, wherein the polylactic acid-free biodegradable coating film has one less film body. The polylactic acid-free biodegradable coating film according to claim 9, wherein the biodegradable coating film is formed by overlapping a multilayer film body.

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