TW202110019A - Signal attached single firewire power control system and method - Google Patents
Signal attached single firewire power control system and method Download PDFInfo
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本發明係有關於一種電力控制系統及其方法,特別是指一種單火線電力附加訊號控制系統及其方法。 The present invention relates to a power control system and its method, in particular to a single live wire power additional signal control system and its method.
一般電子開關電源設計主要是經由火線及水線兩端得到完整的交流電源,然後將交流轉換成直流,以提供電子開關工作時所需的電源。現今房子電燈開關多數都只有一條火線沒有水線,所以如果要讓電子開關取得電源就必須多拉一條水線到開關處。這是一件非常麻煩的事,因為必須把多出來的水線穿過牆內電管走線,在管內已有存在線路的情況下這是一道非常困難的工序。另一種做法則是放棄讓水線走牆內,直接由牆外拉水線,但這樣會造成外側牆面看起來非常不美觀。 The general electronic switching power supply design is mainly to obtain a complete AC power supply through both ends of the live wire and the water line, and then convert the AC to DC to provide the power required for the operation of the electronic switch. Nowadays, most of the house light switches have only one live wire and no water wire, so if you want the electronic switch to get power, you must pull an extra water wire to the switch. This is a very troublesome task, because the extra water line must be routed through the electric tube in the wall. This is a very difficult process when there are already lines in the tube. Another approach is to give up allowing the waterline to run inside the wall and pull the waterline directly from the outside of the wall, but this will cause the outer wall to look very unsightly.
單火線取電技術主要是從火線和接到負載的線間來取得提供電子開關工作的電源,這樣就不需再接一條水線。其原理就是從流經電子開關的電流來轉換成所需的電源,當開關關閉的時候,其實開關還是導通的,只是因為電流非常小,所以負載(例如電燈)並不會啟動。在現今的技術中,為了因應智能家庭的需求,許多家用電子產品都必須要自帶聯網功能,即物聯網技術(Internet of Things,IoT)。多數物聯網產品於應用上均是使用RF傳輸(例如現今的LED燈具控制),然而RF傳輸上尚有不確定性,在訊號的傳輸上尚必須要考慮環境所造成的雜訊及干擾因子。 The single live wire technology is mainly to obtain the power supply for the electronic switch work from the live wire and the wire connected to the load, so that there is no need to connect a water wire. The principle is to convert the current flowing through the electronic switch into the required power source. When the switch is turned off, the switch is actually turned on, but because the current is very small, the load (such as a light bulb) will not start. In today's technology, in order to meet the needs of smart homes, many home electronic products must have their own networking functions, that is, Internet of Things (IoT). Most IoT products use RF transmission in applications (such as the current LED lamp control). However, there are still uncertainties in RF transmission. In signal transmission, noise and interference factors caused by the environment must be considered.
本發明的主要目的,在於提供一種單火線電力附加訊號控制系統,於輸入端及輸出端跨接於單火線迴路上。該單火線電力控制系統包括一線性穩壓器、一開關截電模組、以及一控制器。該線性穩壓器設置於該輸入端及該輸出端之間,穩定該輸入端及該輸出端之間的最小電壓差。該開關截電模組包括一設置於該輸入端及該輸出端之間的半導體開關單元、一連接於該半導體開關單元控制端的驅動器、以及一連接至該驅動器的電壓回授控制電路。該電壓回授控制電路係於偵測到該輸入端及該輸出端之間的跨電壓超過一參考電壓時輸出一第一控制訊號至該驅動器以開啟該半導體開關單元,並於偵測到該半導體開關單元開啟超過一預設時間時輸出一第二控制訊號至該驅動器以關閉該半導體開關單元藉以由該線性穩壓器經由該輸入端取電。該控制器於該半導體開關單元關閉的期間,該控制器於接收到一控制指令時經由編碼器依據該控制指令輸出脈衝調變訊號至該驅動器,以經由該半導體開關單元輸出控制訊號。 The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a single live wire power additional signal control system, which is connected across the single live wire loop at the input and output ends. The single live-wire power control system includes a linear regulator, a switch and cut-off module, and a controller. The linear regulator is arranged between the input terminal and the output terminal to stabilize the minimum voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal. The switch power cut module includes a semiconductor switch unit arranged between the input terminal and the output terminal, a driver connected to the control terminal of the semiconductor switch unit, and a voltage feedback control circuit connected to the driver. The voltage feedback control circuit outputs a first control signal to the driver to turn on the semiconductor switch unit when it detects that the voltage across the input terminal and the output terminal exceeds a reference voltage, and then detects the When the semiconductor switch unit is turned on for more than a predetermined time, a second control signal is output to the driver to turn off the semiconductor switch unit, so that the linear regulator obtains power through the input terminal. During the period when the semiconductor switch unit is turned off, the controller outputs a pulse modulation signal to the driver via an encoder according to the control instruction when receiving a control instruction, so as to output a control signal via the semiconductor switch unit.
本發明的另一目的,在於提供一種單火線電力附加訊號控制方法,配合使用於單火線迴路的控制器上,該方法包括:穩定該控制器的輸入端及輸出端之間的最小電壓差;偵測該輸入端及該輸出端之間的跨電壓,於超過一參考電壓時常時開啟半導體開關單元;於半導體開關單元開啟超過一預設時間時,常時關閉該半導體開關單元經由該輸入端取電備存於電容;於收到控制指令時,在常時關閉該半導體開關單元的狀態下依據控制指令輸出脈衝調變訊號至該半導體開關單元的驅動器,以經由該半導體開關單元輸出控制訊號。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a single live wire power additional signal control method, which is used in conjunction with a single live wire loop controller, the method includes: stabilizing the minimum voltage difference between the input terminal and the output terminal of the controller; Detect the cross voltage between the input terminal and the output terminal, and always turn on the semiconductor switch unit when it exceeds a reference voltage; when the semiconductor switch unit is turned on for more than a preset time, always turn off the semiconductor switch unit through the input terminal. The electricity is stored in the capacitor; when receiving the control command, the semiconductor switch unit is always turned off and the pulse modulation signal is output to the driver of the semiconductor switch unit according to the control command, so as to output the control signal through the semiconductor switch unit.
是以,本發明係比起習知技術具有以下優勢功效: Therefore, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the conventional technology:
1.本發明搭配簡易的單火線控制架構,可以於電源線上傳遞輔助控制訊息作為RF控制信號失效時之輔助,藉此增加系統穩定性。 1. The present invention is equipped with a simple single live wire control structure, which can transmit auxiliary control information on the power line as an auxiliary when the RF control signal fails, thereby increasing the stability of the system.
2.本發明使用半導體開關單元進行切換,相較於傳統的三端雙向 可控矽(TRIAC)或單向可控矽(SCR),有著不需要維持電流的優勢,可以增加系統穩定度,且由於後級不需要流血電路,可進一步增加效率。 2. The present invention uses a semiconductor switch unit for switching, compared to the traditional three-terminal bidirectional Triac (TRIAC) or Unidirectional Triac (SCR) has the advantage of not needing to maintain current, which can increase the system stability, and since the subsequent stage does not require a bleeding circuit, the efficiency can be further increased.
3.本發明使用半波方式相比於傳統架構而言,驅動電路較為簡單,且效率更為提升,且半波於負半周操作於同步整流區,比起外加半導體效率提升。 3. Compared with the traditional architecture, the half-wave method used in the present invention has a simpler driving circuit and a higher efficiency, and the half-wave is operated in the synchronous rectification region in the negative half cycle, which improves the efficiency compared with an external semiconductor.
100‧‧‧單火線電力附加訊號控制系統 100‧‧‧Single live wire power additional signal control system
10‧‧‧線性穩壓器 10‧‧‧Linear Regulator
11‧‧‧電容 11‧‧‧Capacitor
20‧‧‧開關截電模組 20‧‧‧Switch and cut off module
21‧‧‧半導體開關單元 21‧‧‧Semiconductor switch unit
22‧‧‧驅動器 22‧‧‧Drive
23‧‧‧電壓回授控制電路 23‧‧‧Voltage feedback control circuit
231‧‧‧電壓感測器 231‧‧‧Voltage Sensor
232‧‧‧比較器 232‧‧‧Comparator
233‧‧‧計時模組 233‧‧‧Timing Module
30‧‧‧控制器 30‧‧‧Controller
40‧‧‧編碼器 40‧‧‧Encoder
IP‧‧‧輸入端 IP‧‧‧Input terminal
OP‧‧‧輸出端 OP‧‧‧Output
T1‧‧‧預設時間 T1‧‧‧Preset time
200‧‧‧交流電源 200‧‧‧AC power supply
300‧‧‧負載裝置 300‧‧‧Loading device
F‧‧‧單火線迴路 F‧‧‧Single live wire circuit
G‧‧‧水線迴路 G‧‧‧Water circuit
步驟S01-步驟S04 Step S01-Step S04
圖1,為本發明單火線電力附加訊號控制系統的方塊示意圖(一)。 Figure 1 is a block diagram (1) of the single live wire power additional signal control system of the present invention.
圖2,為本發明單火線電力附加訊號控制系統的方塊示意圖(二)。 Figure 2 is a block diagram (2) of the single live wire power additional signal control system of the present invention.
圖3,為本發明正常工作狀態時的模擬波形示意圖。 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the analog waveform in the normal working state of the present invention.
圖4,為本發明觸發工作狀態時的模擬波形示意圖。 Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the analog waveform in the trigger working state of the present invention.
圖5,為本發明單火線電力附加訊號控制方法的流程示意圖。 Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling a single live wire power additional signal according to the present invention.
有關本發明之詳細說明及技術內容,現就配合圖式說明如下。再者,本發明中之圖式,為說明方便,其比例未必照實際比例繪製,該等圖式及其比例並非用以限制本發明之範圍,在此先行敘明。 The detailed description and technical content of the present invention will now be described in conjunction with the drawings as follows. Furthermore, the figures in the present invention are not necessarily drawn according to actual proportions for the convenience of description, and these figures and their proportions are not used to limit the scope of the present invention, and are described here first.
請先參閱「圖1」,為本發明單火線電力控制系統的方塊示意圖(一),如圖所示:本發明單火線電力附加訊號控制系統100配合設置在室內配電系統上,於輸入端IP及輸出端OP跨接於交流電源200的單火線迴路F上,並進一步於後端方向上串連至負載裝置300,再經由該負載裝置300連接至交流電源200的水線迴路G上。該單火線電力附加訊號控制系統100經由於單火線迴路F上取電並經由半導體開關單元21輸出控制訊號至後端的該負載裝置300,藉以透過配電迴路達到控制訊號傳輸的功能。
Please refer to "Figure 1", which is a block diagram (1) of the single-fire-wire power control system of the present invention. As shown in the figure: the single-fire-wire power additional
以下針對本發明舉一具體實施態樣進行說明,請一併參閱「圖2」,
為本發明單火線電力附加訊號控制系統的方塊示意圖(二),如圖所示:本實施態樣的單火線電力附加訊號控制系統100主要包括一線性穩壓器10、一開關截電模組20、一控制器30、以及一編碼器40。
The following is a description of a specific implementation aspect of the present invention, please also refer to "Figure 2",
It is a block diagram (2) of the single live wire power additional signal control system of the present invention, as shown in the figure: the single live wire power additional
所述的線性穩壓器10設置於該輸入端IP及該輸出端OP之間,用以穩定該輸入端IP及該輸出端OP之間的最小電壓差,並對電容11進行充電。於一較佳實施態樣中,該線性穩壓器10係可以為低壓差線性穩壓器(Low-dropout regulator,LDO),透過控制線性區調整電晶體的傳導藉以調節輸出電壓。該線性穩壓器10除了可以為低壓差線性穩壓器外,亦可以為恆流充電器、電容式降壓器或電阻式分流器,於本發明中不予以限制。
The
所述的開關截電模組20主要是透過控制半導體開關單元21的啟閉,用以於交流電半波過零值上升段時,週期性的開路火線至負載裝置300間的連接,藉以經由線性穩壓器10於交流電運載的每一周期內對電容11間歇式的進行充電,藉此供應控制器30所需的電源。該開關截電模組20主要包括一設置於該輸入端IP及該輸出端OP之間的半導體開關單元21、一連接於該半導體開關單元21控制端(於MOSFET的實施態樣中,該控制端為MOSFET的閘極)的驅動器22、以及一連接至該驅動器22的電壓回授控制電路23。其中,依據控制電晶體的不同可以分為PMOS類型及NMOS類型的MOSFET開關;又於另一實施態樣中,該半導體開關單元21亦可以為絕緣閘極雙極性電晶體(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor,IGBT)、氮化鎵場效電晶體(GaN MOSFET)、碳化矽場效電晶體(SiC MOSFET)等,於本發明中不予以限制。
The switching
所述的控制器30可以連接至一人機互動介面(I/O device),並經由該人機互動介面接收控制指令,於接收到控制指令時,該控制器30係經由編碼器40依據該控制指令輸出脈衝調變訊號至該驅動器22。該人機互動介面例如可以為實體控制開關、具操作面盤的觸控開關等,控制指令例如可以是明暗度
(Dimming)、色溫、顏色等控制指令;於另一可行的實施態樣中,該控制器30亦可以直接經由程式編程執行對應的指令,於本發明中不予以限制。該控制器30例如可以是中央處理器、可程式化之一般用途或特殊用途的微處理器(Microprocessor)、數位訊號處理器(Digital Signal Processor,DSP)、可程式化控制器、特殊應用積體電路(Application Specific Integrated Circuits,ASIC)、單晶片RF系統(RF-SoC)或其他類似裝置或這些裝置的組合,於本發明中不予以限制。該控制器30可以配合儲存單元設置,利用該儲存單元儲存例如參數、或故障記錄等。該儲存單元例如可以為電子抹除式可複寫唯讀記憶體(Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory,EEPROM),於本發明中不予以限制。
The
所述的編碼器40(encoder)係設置於該控制器30的輸出,用以將該控制器30的指令編譯為對應的編碼藉以調變該驅動器22的輸出。於一可行的實施態樣中,該編碼器40可以為脈衝寬度調變器(Pulse Width Modulation,PWM)、或脈衝頻率調變器(Pulse Frequency Modulation),將控制指令對應的編碼轉換為脈衝波訊號輸出至該驅動器22,以傳輸控制指令,於本發明中不予以限制。於一可行的實施態樣中,該編碼器40可以經過查找表(Loolk-up table,LUT)依據輸入的控制指令查找並輸出對應的編碼;於負載裝置端則對應的設置有用以對該等編碼進行解譯的解碼器(decoder),該等解碼器可以由受控端(slave)的微處理器(MCU)實現。於另一可行的實施態樣中,該編碼器40係可以與該控制器30共構為一處理器,該等硬體整合形式非屬本發明所欲限制的範圍。
The encoder 40 (encoder) is set at the output of the
於控制迴路中,該電壓回授控制電路23係藉由偵測該輸入端IP(例如對應到半導體開關單元21的汲極)及該輸出端OP(例如對應到半導體開關單元21的源極)之間的跨電壓藉以將該半導體開關單元21切換於兩種不同的工作模式。具體而言,當該電壓回授控制電路23於偵測到該輸入端IP及該輸出端OP之間的跨電壓超過一參考電壓Vref時,該電壓回授控制電路23將執行第
一種工作模式,輸出一第一控制訊號至該驅動器22以開啟該半導體開關單元21,此時半導體開關單元21將切換至線性區的工作模式,電流可以由半導體開關單元21通過;當該電壓回授控制電路23於偵測到該半導體開關單元21開啟超過一預設時間時,該電壓回授控制電路23將執行第二種工作模式,輸出一第二控制訊號至該驅動器22以關閉該半導體開關單元21,此時半導體開關單元21將切換至截止區的工作模式,藉以於該半導體開關單元21關閉期間由該線性穩壓器10經由該輸入端IP取電。
In the control loop, the voltage
於一具體的實施態樣中,該電壓回授控制電路23包括一電壓感測器231、一比較器232、以及一設置於該比較器232及該驅動器22之間的計時模組233。該電壓感測器231主要是用以偵測該輸入端IP及該輸出端OP的跨電壓,該比較器232將該跨電壓與該參考電壓Vref進行比較以輸出該第一控制訊號。此處的參考電壓Vref係用以決定半波的觸發臨界點,為了讓電容11充足電以及控制編碼時間,該參考電壓Vref的設定值(或下限值)可以依據實際需求由開發人員調高或調低。於一可行的實施態樣中,該計時模組23包括一計時器以及一連接於該計時器的時脈產生器,該計時器係依據該時脈產生器輸出的時脈訊號記錄時間;該編碼器40係設置於該計時器的前端,藉以輸出脈衝調變訊號以控制該計時器的輸出。
In a specific implementation aspect, the voltage
該計時模組233於接收到該比較器232的第一控制訊號時將啟動一計時功能,以記錄該半導體開關單元21的開啟時間,當該開啟時間超過一預設時間時輸出一第二控制訊號至該驅動器22以關閉該半導體開關單元21。其中,該預設時間係大致等於市電交流電源的單一週期減去該參考電壓Vref的上升期間,以盡量確保該半導體開關單元21於交流電過零值前關閉。
The
該控制器30將控制指令輸入至該編碼器40,經由該編碼器40轉換為對應的編碼,並將該編碼輸出為對應的脈衝調變訊號至該驅動器22,經由
該驅動器22將脈衝調變訊號饋入該半導體開關單元21的控制端。該控制器30將指令饋入該半導體開關單元21係為該電壓回授控制電路23執行第二種工作模式的期間。為了確保訊號完整的傳遞到受控端,於一可行的實施態樣中,控制器30(或編碼器40)可以先預估參考電壓Vref的上升期間所需的時間(該時間數值可以預先設定),在調變訊號時確定編碼的時脈週期低於參考電壓Vref的上升期間。又於一可行的實施態樣中,該編碼器40可以直接將控制指令轉換成脈衝調變訊號後傳送至該計時模組233,經由控制該計時模組233的輸出,將編碼過後的控制指令傳送至該驅動器22。
The
該控制器30將控制指令輸入至該編碼器40,經由該編碼器40轉換為對應的多位元編碼,傳送至該驅動器22(或計時模組233)以啟動開關。該多位元編碼可以由方波的形式傳輸,以控制該半導體開關單元21的啟閉。於一可行的實施態樣中,該編碼器40的查找表如下:
於本實施態樣中查找表係以2進位形式編碼,但依據實際需求亦可以調整為16進位或其他形式進行編碼。上面的查找表僅為本發明的其中一具體例示,並非用以限制本發明的內容,在此必須先行說明。 In this embodiment, the look-up table is encoded in binary form, but it can be adjusted to hexadecimal or other forms for encoding according to actual needs. The above look-up table is only a specific example of the present invention, and is not used to limit the content of the present invention. It must be explained here first.
以脈衝寬度調變器(Pulse Width Modulation,PWM)的實施態樣中, 頻率設定為定值,透過控制控制端開關的ON和OFF之比率、佔空比(duty cycle)的方式調變訊號,可以將訊號附加至交流電半波訊號中傳遞,以供後端的微處理器解譯。 In the implementation of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), The frequency is set to a fixed value, and the signal is modulated by controlling the ratio of ON and OFF of the switch on the control end, and the duty cycle. The signal can be added to the AC half-wave signal for transmission for the back-end microprocessor Decipher.
以脈衝頻率調變器(Pulse Frequency Modulation)的實施態樣中,可以透過調變訊號的週期傳遞控制訊號,以固定ON時間型為例,ON時間一定而OFF時間變化,換言之,在下一個ON來臨前的時間會變化,藉此傳遞訊號。 Taking the implementation of Pulse Frequency Modulation (Pulse Frequency Modulation), the control signal can be transmitted through the cycle of the modulation signal. Take the fixed ON time type as an example. The ON time is fixed but the OFF time changes. In other words, the next ON comes. The time before will change to transmit the signal.
請一併參閱「圖3」及「圖4」,為本發明正常工作狀態時的模擬波形示意圖以及觸發工作狀態時的模擬波形示意圖,如圖所示:
如圖3所示,於該模擬波形示意圖中由上而下分別為半導體開關單元21的汲極-源極電壓-時間示意圖(縱軸為半導體開關單元21的汲極-源極電壓V DS ,橫軸為時間T)、半導體開關單元21的汲極電壓-時間示意圖(縱軸為半導體開關單元21的汲極電壓V D ,橫軸為時間T)、以及半導體開關單元21的閘極-源極電壓-時間示意圖(縱軸為半導體開關單元21的導通電壓V GS ,橫軸為時間T)。
Please refer to "Figure 3" and "Figure 4" together, which are the schematic diagram of the analog waveform in the normal working state of the present invention and the schematic diagram of the simulated waveform in the trigger working state, as shown in the figure: As shown in Figure 3, the simulated waveform In the schematic diagram from top to bottom are the drain-source voltage-time schematic diagram of the semiconductor switch unit 21 (the vertical axis is the drain-source voltage V DS of the
於正常工作狀態時,由汲極-源極電壓與時間的關係圖來看(最上圖),由圖式中可知參考電壓Vref大約為30mV,當汲極-源極電壓V DS 於到達參考電壓Vref時,電壓回授控制電路23將執行第一種工作模式,輸出一第一控制訊號至該驅動器22以開啟該半導體開關單元21,使電流可以由半導體開關單元21通過,此時汲極-源極電壓V DS 由於導通而歸零,在到達參考電壓Vref的期間前,線性穩壓器10可以對電容11進行充電;由半導體開關單元21的汲極電壓-時間示意圖來看(中間圖),由於觸發的時間很短,對於後端的負載裝置300而言幾乎不會有影響;由半導體開關單元21的閘極-源極電壓-時間示意圖來看(最下圖),當該電壓回授控制電路23於偵測到該半導體開關單元21開啟超過預設時間T1時,該電壓回授控制電路23將執行第二種工作模式,輸出一第二控制訊號至該驅動器22以關閉該半導體開關單元21,此時導通電壓V GS 歸零,汲極-源
極電壓V DS 則大致位於汲極電壓V D 的過零值上升段(如上圖及中圖所示),完成一次週期。
In the normal working state, from the graph of the relationship between drain-source voltage and time (top figure), it can be seen from the figure that the reference voltage Vref is about 30mV. When the drain-source voltage V DS reaches the reference voltage At Vref, the voltage
如圖4所示,於該模擬波形示意圖中由上而下分別為半導體開關單元21的汲極-源極電壓-時間示意圖(縱軸為半導體開關單元21的汲極-源極電壓V DS ,橫軸為時間T)、半導體開關單元21的汲極電壓-時間示意圖(縱軸為半導體開關單元21的汲極電壓V D ,橫軸為時間T)、以及半導體開關單元21的閘極-源極電壓-時間示意圖(縱軸為半導體開關單元21的導通電壓V GS ,橫軸為時間T)。
As shown in FIG. 4, in the analog waveform diagram from top to bottom are the drain-source voltage-time diagrams of the semiconductor switch unit 21 (the vertical axis is the drain-source voltage V DS of the
於觸發工作狀態時,該控制器30將控制指令輸入至該編碼器40,經由該編碼器40轉換為對應的編碼並輸出至該驅動器22,此時驅動器22在常時狀態下將該半導體開關單元21閘極-源極電壓為低電位;在汲極-源極電壓V DS 尚未到達參考電壓Vref的期間內,驅動器22依據該編碼將脈衝調變訊號輸出至該半導體開關單元21的閘極,後端的微處理器即可以將所收到的脈衝調變訊號將經由解碼器進行解譯,獲得對應的控制指令。
When the working state is triggered, the
以下針對本發明的單火線電力附加訊號控制方法進行說明,請一併參閱「圖5」,係為本發明單火線電力附加訊號控制方法的流程示意圖,如圖所示:所述的單火線電力附加訊號控制方法可以附加於上述單火線電力附加訊號控制系統100的硬體上,由控制器所執行,在此所述的控制器可以是可程式邏輯控制器,經由寫入軟體或韌體以執行對應的程序;該控制器亦可以由複數個具有不同功能的電路模塊配合執行,該等實施形式非屬本發明所欲限制的範圍。
The following is a description of the single live wire power additional signal control method of the present invention, please also refer to "Figure 5", which is a schematic flow diagram of the single live wire power additional signal control method of the present invention, as shown in the figure: the single live wire power The additional signal control method can be attached to the hardware of the single-fire-wire power additional
所述的單火線電力附加訊號控制方法主要包括兩種工作模式,用以配合單火線的半波週期取電並傳遞控制指令,在常時狀態時該控制器穩定輸入端及輸出端之間的最小電壓差,藉此在半導體開關單元關閉時得以由線性穩 壓器取電後備存於電容(步驟S01);控制器即時偵測該輸入端及該輸出端之間的跨電壓,當偵測到該跨電壓超過一參考電壓時常時開啟半導體開關單元(步驟S02),在這個工作狀態下,單火線的電力將傳輸至後端的負載而為後端的負載所使用;當步驟S02的工作狀態執行時,控制器係執行計時功能以確認半波週期目前所在的相位(時間),於半導體開關單元開啟超過預設時間時(大概位於半波過零值上升段前後),控制器常時關閉該半導體開關單元以經由該輸入端取電備存於電容(步驟S03);其中,步驟S02及步驟S03係配合半波訊號的每次週期執行,亦即在完成上述步驟S02及步驟S03後即在半波訊號的一次週期狀態下對電容進行單週期性的充電。 The method for controlling the additional signal of the single live wire mainly includes two working modes, which are used to coordinate with the half-wave cycle of the single live wire to take power and transmit control commands. In the normal state, the controller stabilizes the minimum between the input terminal and the output terminal. The voltage difference can be linearly stabilized when the semiconductor switch unit is turned off. The voltage generator takes power and stores it in the capacitor (step S01); the controller detects the voltage across the input terminal and the output terminal in real time, and when it detects that the voltage across the voltage exceeds a reference voltage, it always turns on the semiconductor switch unit (step S01) S02), in this working state, the power of the single live wire will be transmitted to the back-end load and used by the back-end load; when the working state of step S02 is executed, the controller executes a timing function to confirm the current half-wave period For the phase (time), when the semiconductor switch unit is turned on for more than a preset time (approximately before and after the half-wave zero-crossing value rising period), the controller always turns off the semiconductor switch unit to take power through the input terminal and store it in the capacitor (step S03 ); Among them, step S02 and step S03 are executed in conjunction with each cycle of the half-wave signal, that is, after completing the above steps S02 and step S03, the capacitor is charged in a single cycle under the state of one cycle of the half-wave signal.
當控制器收到控制指令時,控制器會在常時關閉該半導體開關單元的狀態下(及步驟S03所觸發的工作狀態)依據控制指令輸出脈衝調變訊號至該半導體開關單元的驅動器,以經由該半導體開關單元輸出控制訊號(步驟S04)。 When the controller receives a control command, the controller will always turn off the semiconductor switch unit (and the working state triggered by step S03) according to the control command to output a pulse modulation signal to the driver of the semiconductor switch unit to pass The semiconductor switch unit outputs a control signal (step S04).
綜上所述,本發明搭配簡易的單火線控制架構,可以於電源線上傳遞輔助控制訊息作為RF控制信號失效時之輔助,藉此增加系統穩定性。此外,本發明使用半導體開關單元進行切換,相較於傳統的三端雙向可控矽(TRLAC)或單向可控矽(SCR),有著不需要維持電流的優勢,可以增加系統穩定度,且由於後級不需要流血電路,可進一步增加效率。再者,本發明使用半波方式相比於傳統架構而言,驅動電路較為簡單,且效率更為提升,且半波於負半周操作於同步整流區,比起外加半導體效率提升。 In summary, the present invention is equipped with a simple single live wire control structure, which can transmit auxiliary control information on the power line as an auxiliary when the RF control signal fails, thereby increasing system stability. In addition, the present invention uses a semiconductor switch unit for switching. Compared with traditional triacs (TRLAC) or unidirectional thyristors (SCR), the present invention has the advantage of not needing to maintain current, and can increase system stability, and Since the subsequent stage does not require a bleeding circuit, efficiency can be further increased. Furthermore, compared with the traditional architecture, the half-wave method used in the present invention has a simpler driving circuit and improved efficiency. The half-wave operation in the synchronous rectification region in the negative half cycle improves the efficiency compared to external semiconductors.
以上已將本發明做一詳細說明,惟以上所述者,僅惟本發明之一較佳實施例而已,當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍,即凡依本發明申請專利範圍所作之均等變化與修飾,皆應仍屬本發明之專利涵蓋範圍內。 The present invention has been described in detail above, but what has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should not be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention, that is, everything made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention is equal Changes and modifications should still fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention.
100‧‧‧單火線電力控制系統 100‧‧‧Single live wire power control system
10‧‧‧低壓差線性穩壓器 10‧‧‧Low dropout linear regulator
11‧‧‧電容 11‧‧‧Capacitor
20‧‧‧開關截電模組 20‧‧‧Switch and cut off module
21‧‧‧半導體開關單元 21‧‧‧Semiconductor switch unit
22‧‧‧驅動器 22‧‧‧Drive
23‧‧‧電壓回授控制電路 23‧‧‧Voltage feedback control circuit
231‧‧‧電壓感測器 231‧‧‧Voltage Sensor
232‧‧‧比較器 232‧‧‧Comparator
233‧‧‧計時模組 233‧‧‧Timing Module
30‧‧‧控制器 30‧‧‧Controller
40‧‧‧編碼器 40‧‧‧Encoder
IP‧‧‧輸入端 IP‧‧‧Input terminal
OP‧‧‧輸出端 OP‧‧‧Output
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